Within ethnic literature, there appears to have been a rise in unique narrative styles. What was once considered a minimized form of expression, creative nonfiction as a genre is now evolving and includes a diverse group of authors. Yet, the usage of ethno-literacy styles in the creative nonfiction genre is still largely unnoticed amongst the academic community. For students within academe, there is a limited comprehension of the expansive ethnic genres for writing and reading, simply that traditional genres of prose and poetry exist. Through analysis of the writing style know as testimonio within Latino/a literature, this thesis will attempt to dismantle the notion that one must write solely with traditional creative writing limitations. In particular, this research will focus on whether the testimonio writing style can be considered its own genre, or a sub-genre of creative nonfiction. It will also draw upon various feminist theories in order to show the perspectives and contributions of women within the genre. Furthermore, I aim to reconstruct such creative writing restrictions by providing a historical analysis and survey of literatures of both testimonio and creative nonfiction. For the survey of literatures, four creative nonfiction personal essays and four testimonios were chosen according to chronological and cultural influence. Nonfiction authors, Seneca, Michel de Montaigne, Virginia Woolf, and F. Scott Fitzgerald created the personal essays being analyzed. The testimonies that will be examined were written by Helena Viramontes, Sandra Maria Esteves, Dolores Prida, and Rigoberta Menchu. Finally, a synthesis of the research will be brought to close by including a creative piece that will aim to utilize a cross-blending of the two writing styles.

The purpose of this research was to hear the stories of Northern Cheyenne women's educational experiences using the method of testimonio, a method culturally aligned and academically appropriate for use among indigenous people. The researcher, also a Northern Cheyenne tribal member used testimonio based on its roots in resistance literature and as a means of perpetuating cultural survival in the face of contemporary cultural and racial genocide. The Northern Cheyenne use oral history and storytelling to perpetuate and influence cultural survival. The primary significance of the stories was based on what other Northern Cheyenne women hear in the voices in the story that impact their own educational journey, achievement and success. Secondary impact will be what the teller's family and community hear in the stories and then what those outside the reservation community hear. The theoretical foundation of the research focused on the literature of the following areas: colonization and genocide; oral history and storytelling; collective voice, the plural self, voice and empowerment and roles in healing historical trauma; American Indian education and Indian women's experiences with education. The research includes the testimonios of six Northern Cheyenne women gathered on or near the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation. The findings suggest that the following story threads were significant to Northern Cheyenne women in their educational journeys and experiences: spirituality; family especially grandparents and parents; cultural traditions- especially language and ceremonies; cultural values of honesty, integrity, generosity, hard work; value for land, cultural pride and identity even when it's fragmented or a struggle to maintain; Cheyenne lifeways meals, cooking, gathering, hunting, singing, spending time with family, and social events; the opportunity of access to higher education; living between two worlds; remembering our past history and using it as a guide for now and the future; and finally thinking of future generations. The findings suggest the tools needed for Northern Cheyenne women to succeed academically and educationally, already inherently exist in Northern Cheyenne social and cultural structures. Continuing to deconstruct the barriers and tenets of oppression will fully allow a rebirth of these cultural concepts and practices strengthening Northern Cheyenne society and education. / Graduation date: 2005

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Thesis (M.A.)--Rowan University, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.

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Under 1990-talet lämnade 2,2 miljoner människor sina hem på grund av Bosnienkriget. En stor andel flydde utomlands, många till Sverige men en stor andel blev också internflyktingar inom landets gränser. Över tjugo år har gått sedan kriget officiellt avslutats och en del av de som tidigare flytt har nu återvänt till det som kom att bli efterkrigstidens, fortsatt mycket uppdelade, land. Syftet med detta examensarbete har varit att möte flyktingar från detta krig som nu återvänt till det Bosnien och Hercegovina de en gång lämnat. Genom deras berättelser är syftet att berätta en del av historien om det moderna Bosnien och Hercegovina och konfliktens efterspel.  Arbetet utgörs av ett skrivet reportage med utgångspunkt i de berättelser som jag mött på min resa genom Bosnien och Hercegovinas två entiteter. I intervjuer med fem personer i Sarajevo, Mostar och Banja Luka berättar dessa återvändare om sin flykt, situationen innan och efter kriget och hur det är att återvända till dagens Bosnien. Intervjupersonerna är hemmastadda i de tre största städerna i landet men också i tre städer som alla har en tydlig koppling till var och ett av de så kallade konstitutionerande folken; kroater, serber och bosniaker. Det journalistiska projektet kompletteras av en reflektionsrapport med grundläggande teori, svårigheter, etik, källhantering och journalistiska tekniker diskuteras.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka huruvida nyhetsreportaget som berättarform har förändrats i storstadstidningarna Dagens Nyheter och Göteborgs-Postens huvuddelar med avseende på utrymme och språkliga uttrycksformer mellan åren 2000 och 2011, under en vecka i mars och en vecka i oktober båda åren. Den undersökta tidsperioden är vald utifrån det formatbyte som många dagstidningar gick igenom på 2000-talet, Dagens Nyheter och Göteborgs-Posten bytte slutgiltigt format från det större broadsheet till tabloid år 2004. Undersökningen består huvudsakligen av en kvalitativ metod, en massmedieretorisk analysmetod, men även en kvantitativ del där antalet reportage under tidsperioden räknades och bidrog till en helhetsbild av materialet. Undersökningen visar att antalet nyhetsreportage i de valda tidningarna minskat med cirka 30 procent 2011 jämfört med år 2000 enligt min definition. Reportagen delades in i två för ändamålet självdefinierade kategorier, hel- och halvreportage, beroende på hur mycket reportagekaraktär texterna hade. Undersökningen visade en minskning av nyhetsreportagen med en högre reportagekaraktär år 2011 jämfört med år 2000. Bildmaterialet i nyhetsreportagen föreföll även ha blivit betydligt större. De språkliga uttrycksformerna hade inte förändrats i stor utsträckning, men en tydlig tendens var att båda tidningars skribenter betydligt oftare använde tidningens namn, DN eller GP, istället för ett utsatt personligt pronomen i nyhetsreportagen år 2011.

The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on January 19, 2010). Thesis advisor: Dr. Berkley Hudson. Includes bibliographical references.

Within the body of "migrant" literature, the work of Marie-Celie Agnant is distinguished by its strong testimonial nature. The author herself ascribes a certain instrumental role to literature; through her fictional narratives, Agnant bears witness to the collective experiences of women in Haiti and also of female Haitian immigrants in Montreal. What, then, of the function or literary value of her work? This thesis responds to this question through the study of three works by Marie-Celie Agnant: La Dot de Sara (1995), Le Livre d'Emma (2001), and Le Silence comme le sang (1997). The analysis of the complex relationship between testimony and fiction in Agnant's writing leads to a reflection on the specific character of socially impelled female literature: women writers are driven by the imperative of memory and the desire to convey their occulted history.