This thesis deals with a comprehensive overview of the negative effects of transport on the environment, their opportunities and reducing the legislative restrictions. Then their own proposals for improving the environment in direct connection with road transport and efforts to reduce accidents on the road. Based on the elaboration of this thesis were collected and sorted information on the operation of the negative effects of road transport on the environment in order to raise awareness of the impact of activities related to road transport.

This diploma thesis with the company process management, and focuses on chosen processes and their optimalization in a medium-sized enterprise. The chosen enterprise belongs to leading Czech / European heavy-lift hauliers that transports mostly out-of-gauge cargo by road. The first part of this thesis defines elementary and theoretical terms that help readers understand this work. In the second part the chosen enterprise and its core business is introduced. This is followed by the enterprise analysis, and actual process mapping, based on author's long-term monitoring in a combination with interviews with process users and owners. The optimalization goal was a process adjustment to the state which maximalize company resources while removing found deficiencies.

The topic of this diploma thesis is design of road truck using electric drive. The main goal is to solve analyzed problems, which are reflected in the conceptual design of the vehicle that meets the ergonomic, technical and visual aspects.

he project evaluates legislative regulations for special road transport between the Czech Republic and Northern Europe. The main purpose of the project is to formulate a basic methodology for non-standard shipment’s transit. Work observes destination of the Czech Republic - Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. There exist differences in legislative conditions for the particularly heavy and oversized loads transport in these countries. The main objective is to evaluate these conditions and recommend utilization for Czech carriers. The thesis aims to enumerate the various national legal standards for excessive transportation and recommend implementation outputs for correct and a quick orientation in the rights and obligations during executing carriage for the Czech carriers. The basic metodology how to transport oversized loads results from this project.

This master thesis analyses the critical places on the road I/11 in the Frydek-Mistek region in the stretch Ropice-Bystrice. The aim of this master thesis is to suggest the organization and building arrangements, which raise the safety of the traffic in the chosen dangerous places. The suggested arrangemetns are chosen so that they could be used in pratice.

In the Diploma thesis is analysed several specific car accidents locations in the district Jihlava. The aim of this thesis is to create the organizational and technical proposals in selected areas to minimize the possibility of car accidents in frequent locations and increase safety on the road. All measures are proposed with regard to possible use in practice.

This diploma thesis focuses on the transport analysis in the town Červený Kostelec in the Hradec Králové Region. The work contains analysis of transport modes, especially road transport and parking, concurrently proposes their optimization. The first part of the thesis provides basic informations of the town Červený Kostelec. Next there is described the current traffic situation in the town. The second part of the work focuses on the analysis and solution of the difficult places.

Several huge transport infrastructure projects have been implemented in the Scania region, Sweden, during the last two decades and more are on the way. The reasoning for constructions such projects usually include direct benefits on commuting cost savings and indirect impacts on agglomeration economies and, therefore, productivity in the region. While there is a consensus between researchers about the agglomeration impact on productivity, the effect of different types of transport infrastructure resulted in the heterogeneous estimates, varying both by sign and magnitude and  strongly depending on context. The aim of this thesis is to enrich the existing discourse with the new empirical evidence from Scania and answer the questions: What effect does agglomeration economies measures have on productivity in Scania? What effect do different types of physical transport infrastructure have on productivity in Scania?  What elasticities different types of transport infrastructure have in regards to productivity? The result of the research confirms the impact of employment density, specialisation, knowledge spillovers and urban amenities on productivity in Scania which is in line with previous research. Moreover, there is a significant negative effect of road-kilometres density (-0.0365) and positive effect of bus infrastructure in the form of service provision (0.0235). Railways show positive and significant effects as well in the form of distance to railway station (0.0327), but the data for this variable and therefore estimates could be improved. The thesis ends with the discussion of the results, limitations and possible policy implications.

Att minska koldioxidutsläppen är en av vår tids stora utmaningar. Transportsektorn bidrar till ökade växthusgaser, en tredjedel av Sveriges territoriella utsläpp kommer från inrikes transporter och vägtransport ansvarar för majoriteten av utsläppen. För att ta hållbara beslut, både på individ- företags- och statsnivå, krävs en kartläggning av nuvarande utsläpp samt en utredning av alternativa möjligheter. Denna studie syftar till att utveckla ett verktyg för att uppskatta koldioxidutsläpp av personresor från fordon på väg. Målet är att verktyget ska användas av företag och privatpersoner för att kunna beräkna totala utsläpp från resor på väg samt skapa möjlighet till att ta mer hållbara beslut kopplat till körning. Studien består av två delar. Den första tar avstamp i produktutveckling för att ta fram ett koldioxidberäkningsverktyg för personbilar, taxi, buss, lastbil och motorcykel. En analys av tidigare modeller och en litteratursammanfattning görs för att ta fram grundemissioner, bränsleförbrukning, biogena utsläpp och påverkande faktor av storlek på bil och vägval. Den andra delen av studien är en kvalitativ studie som bygger på intervjuer av körkortsinnehavare för att ta reda på hur hållbara beteenden och koldioxidlitteracitet kan uppnås vid användning av verktyget. En tematisk analys genomfördes för att få fram relevanta teman som kan bidra till att uppnå koldioxidlitteracitet och skapa hållbara beteenden. Resultatet är ett verktyg som kan användas för att beräkna utsläpp från vägtrafiken som bygger på verkliga faktorer. För personbilar finns fyra olika fall beroende på vad användaren har information om: bränslemängd, bränsleförbrukning, sträcka eller biltyp. Verktyget ger ett mer exakt resultat ju mer information som anges. För taxi kan användaren välja att fylla i sträcka eller kostnad. För bussar väljer användaren sträcka och län, alternativt typ av resa och län. För lastbilar skiljer verktyget på lätta lastbilar, tunga lastbilar, och tunga lastbilar med släp. Sträcka eller bränslemängd kan fyllas i av användaren. Motorcyklar delas in i mopeder och motorcyklar, även där kan användaren välja att fylla i bränslemängd eller sträcka. I den tematiska analysen uppkom 6 teman som alla antogs bidra till att uppnå koldioxidlitteracitet och hållbara beteenden: Att jämföra ger insikter, Kunskap för beslutsfattande, Individens ansvar?, Incitament på makronivå, Tekniska möjligheter och Ekonomins utmaningar och potential. Verktyget anses vara verklighetstroget för stor mängd data, eftersom snittvärden för olika faktorer används. Mängden faktorer ger ett representativt utsläpp även för en bilresa, men omständigheter som är svåra att förutsäga eller uppskatta mängden av, såsom trafik, väder eller underlag, finns inte med i verktyget eftersom det snarare skapar risk för feluppskattningar. Två förslag presenteras för utveckling av verktyget för att uppnå koldioxidlitteracitet och ett hållbart beteende hos användaren. Den första är en tågjämförelse, där användaren får välja ett land där utsläppen av en lika lång tågresa ställs mot utsläppet av användarens bilresa. Den andra är en beteendejämförelse där användaren får jämföra sin resas utsläpp om resan hade skett utan köbildning, med bättre körteknik eller utan luftkonditionering. Verktyget visar utsläppsminskningen och kostnadsminskningen. Slutsatsen är att verktyget är verklighetstroget för beräkning av tjänsteresor, och ger en rimlig uppskattning för en individuell resa. Olika människor behöver olika information och jämförelser för att förstå sina utsläpp och skapa ett hållbart beteende, därför krävs ett anpassat verktyg med olika jämförelser och förslag på förändring. / Reducing carbon dioxide emissions is one of the significant challenges of our time. The transport sector is a big contributor to increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. A third of Sweden's territorial emissions come from domestic transport, and road transport is responsible for the majority. The first step to reducing emissions is to map them and investigate alternative possibilities. This thesis aims to develop a tool for calculating travel emissions made by vehicles on the road. Companies and individuals should use the tool to calculate total emissions from road travel and make it possible to take more sustainable decisions about driving. To develop a useful and understandable tool, the study examines carbon literacy, which means the ability to make sustainable decisions, together with individual behaviour change for more sustainable development. The study consists of two parts. The first is product development: creating a carbon dioxide calculation tool for passenger cars, taxis, buses, trucks, and motorcycles. The background consists of an analysis of previous models and a literature search to find emission factors, fuel consumption, biogenic emissions, and influencing factors such as car size and road choice. The second part is a qualitative study built on interviews with driver's license holders to determine how to achieve sustainable behaviours and carbon literacy. A thematic analysis is done to create relevant themes. The result is a tool that can calculate emissions from road transport made on real-world factors. For cars, there are four cases depending on what the user has information about: fuel quantity, fuel consumption, distance, or car type. The tool gives a more precise result the more information the user enters. For taxis, the user can choose to fill in either distance or price. For buses, the user can choose distance and region, or travel type and region. For trucks, the tool distinguishes between light trucks, heavy trucks, and heavy trucks with trailers. The user can enter distance or fuel quantity. For motorcycles, including mopeds, the user can choose between fuel quantity and distance. The thematic analyses present six themes, all of which were assumed to contribute to carbon literacy and sustainable behaviours: Comparing create insights, Knowledge for decision-making, Individual responsibility?, Macro-level incentives, Technical opportunities, and Economical challenge and possibilities. The tool is considered true to actual emissions for a large amount of data since average values for various factors are used. The number of factors gives a representative emission value even for a single trip. However, circumstances that are difficult to predict or estimate the amount of, such as traffic, weather, or surface, are not included in the tool because it rather creates a risk of wrong estimations. The discussion results in two suggestions for the development of the tool to achieve carbon literacy and change the user's behaviour. The first is a comparison with train travel. The user gets to choose a country where the emissions of an equally long train journey are compared to the road emissions. The other one is a comparison in behaviour, where the user gets to compare the emissions if the travel had been without queuing, with better driving techniques, or without air-conditioning. The tool shows the reduction of emissions and cost. The conclusion is that the tool's result is like actual emissions when calculating business trips and gives a fair estimate for an individual journey. Various people need different information and comparisons to be able to understand their emissions and change their behaviour. Therefore, an individualized tool with different comparisons and suggestions is required to create carbon literacy and behavioural changes.

O transporte rodoviário interestadual de passageiros no Brasil é uma atividade econômica dotada de função social porque é responsável por propiciar deslocamentos diários para dezenas de milhões de pessoas anualmente. Trata-se de uma expressão da divisão territorial do trabalho, pois elucida as interações entre diversos centros na rede urbana e entre variadas regiões, o que realça seu papel na integração territorial. No contexto da reestruturação produtiva ocorrida a partir da década de 1970 áreas nas regiões Centro-Oeste, Norte e Nordeste são integradas ao Centro-Sul do país configurando um mercado nacional unificado. O avanço da fronteira agrícola rumo ao Norte e ao Oeste cria novos usos do território em extensões até então pouco articuladas com o restante do país, como o norte matogrossense, o estado de Rondônia, o oeste baiano, o norte goiano, entre outras cada qual com suas particularidades, estas regiões se inserem com ritmos variados dentro do processo de expansão da agropecuária modernizada vinculada à produção de matérias-primas para o mercado externo. Tal processo modernizador demandou fluxos de migrantes advindos do Sul do Brasil, sobre os quais este trabalho se debruça, com destaque para as ligações rodoviárias interestaduais e inter-regionais com origem em centros da rede urbana do interior da região Sul, como Carazinho/RS e Cascavel/PR e se destinam aos novos polos regionais no Centro-Oeste, como Alta Floresta/MT e Sinop/MT bem como fora desta região: Barreiras/BA e Ji-Paraná/RO. O conjunto de ligações abarcado por esta pesquisa contempla trajetos com mais de 1.900 quilômetros de extensão formados por rotas inter-regionais que estão distantes da faixa costeira e tem como principais centros cidades como Brasília/DF, Campo Grande/MS, Cuiabá/MT e Goiânia/GO. Trata-se de uma circulação interiorizada pujante responsável pela manutenção de empresas de transporte interestadual de passageiros desde os primórdios das migrações rumo à fronteira agrícola, já que todas as companhias operantes atualmente são oriundas de centros locais e regionais sulistas. Para tanto a pesquisa delimitou eixos de circulação, com a finalidade de caracterizar a dinâmica dos fluxos para subsidiar a argumentação que sustenta a manutenção destas longas rotas pelo território nacional. / The Interstate passenger road transport in Brazil is an economic activity endowed with social function because it is responsible for providing daily shifts to tens of millions of people annually. This is an expression of the territorial division of labor, since it elucidates the interactions between several centers in the urban network and between different regions, which emphasizes its role in territorial integration. In the context of the productive restructuring occurred since the 1970s areas in the Centro- Oeste, Norte e Nordeste regions are integrated to the Centro-Sul of country configuring a unified national market. The advance of the agricultural frontier towards the North and the West creates new uses of the territory in extensions that are not very articulated with the rest of the country, such as the north of Mato Grosso, the state of Rondônia, the west of Bahia, the north of Goiás - each one with its peculiarities, these regions are inserted with varied rates within the process of expansion of modernized agriculture and cattle raising linked to the production of raw materials for the external market. This modernization process demanded flows of migrants from the Sul of Brazil, on which this work focuses, with emphasis on interstate and inter-regional road connections originating in urban centers in the interior of the South region, such as Carazinho/RS and Cascavel/PR and are destined to the new regional centers in the Midwest, such as Alta Floresta/MT and Sinop/MT and outside this region: Barreiras/BA and Ji-Paraná/RO. The set of links covered for this research contemplates routes with more than 1,900 kilometers of extension formed by interregional routes that are distant of the coastal strip and has as main centers cities as Brasília/DF, Campo Grande/MS, Cuiabá/MT e Goiânia/GO. This is an internalized circulation that is responsible for the maintenance of interstate passenger transport companies since the beginning of migrations towards the agricultural frontier, since all operating companies are currently from southern local and regional centers. To this end, the research has delimited axes of circulation, with the purpose of characterizing the dynamics of flows to subsidize the argumentation that sustains the maintenance of these long routes throughout the national territory.