Entender as nuances que permeiam a formação do desejo na publicidade de moda é o objetivo primordial desta pesquisa. Para tanto, a proposta busca, por meio de uma levantamento bibliográfico, integrar dois importantes campos do conhecimento, comunicação e psicanálise. Dado o nível de abrangência de cada campo mencionado, uma delimitação dos mesmos em Enunciação Publicitária e Psicanálise Lacaniana foi necessária. Ambas as teorias se configuram como suportes promissores para uma pesquisa envolvendo a produção de sentido na publicidade. Este fenômeno, caracterizado como produção de sentido, carrega consigo as ventosas responsáveis pela colagem do desejo ao significante, estudado em Psicanálise Lacaniana como conceito central. Mas, por outro lado, a psicanálise mostra que o significante, sozinho, não oferece os subsídios necessários à boa compreensão das relações de consumo atreladas à comunicação publicitária. É necessário pensar o significante de forma integrada, como parte do processo de subjetivação, como é o caso do funcionamento das leis da linguagem no inconsciente, intituladas por Lacan como metáfora e da metonímia. Este é um domínio da psicanálise que, associada à Enunciação Publicitária, seara da comunicação, mostra um forte potencial para explicar a formação do desejo na publicidade de moda. Formação de desejo dada na produção de sentidos presentes em mensagens publicitárias, na qualidade de enunciações que favorecem representações da subjetividade do consumidor em enunciados da publicidade. A união de ambas as teorias é operacionalizada por uma metodologia de análise que, sustentada em seis vertentes teóricas e quatro indicadores de pertinência entre publicidade e psicanálise, une e mescla duas outras metodologias, a da Enunciação Publicitária e a da Psicanálise Lacaniana. A primeira se refere ao estudo da produção de sentido, permeada por embreagens e debreagens de dêiticos presentes nos discursos publicitários e estudadas como leis da Enunciação Publicitária. A segunda metodologia, referente à Psicanálise Lacaniana, também investiga produção de sentidos e de significações ligadas ao processo de subjetivação em nível psíquico, no que se refere, por exemplo, à construção de identidades. O resultado do estudo levou à constatação de que o consumo, permeado pelas representações da publicidade, tornou-se parte do processo de subjetivação. Neste contexto, influenciado por promessas de gozo operadas via discurso, via linguagem, identidades são estruturadas e desestruturadas, desejos são feitos e desfeitos. O resultado leva a concluir também que o consumo contemporâneo tornou-se parte indissociável do universo simbólico, no qual são formados sujeitos cada vez mais alienados em relação à verdade sobre si mesmos, pois, a promessa de gozo, enquanto uma via fálica para a obturação da falta, aponta sempre em direção a referenciais externos, ligados a objetos pertencentes ao domínio do grande Outro, da cultura e sobretudo da ideologia. / Understanding the nuances that permeate the creation of desire in fashion advertising is the primary objective of this research. To do so, the proposition searches through a literature review, to integrate two important fields of knowledge, communication and psychoanalysis. Given the scope of each field mentioned, a division of the same utterance in advertising and Lacanian psychoanalysis was necessary. Both theories are configured as promising supports for a research involving the production of meaning in advertising. This phenomenon, characterized as the production of meaning, carries the stickers responsible for bonding the desire to the signifier, studied in Lacanian Psychoanalysis as a central concept. But on the other hand, psychoanalysis shows that alone, the signifier does not provide the necessary subsidies for a proper understanding of the consumption relations, bound to the publicitary communication. It is necessary to think of it in an integrated manner, as part of the subjective process, as the functioning of the rules of language in the unconscious mind, called, by Lacan, as metaphor and metonymy. This is the domain of psychanalysis that associated with the publicitary utterance, may well explain the formation of desire in fashion advertising. The formation of desire which is given mainly by the production of present feelings in advertising messages, in the quality of the utterances, that consider the representation of subjectivity of the consumer in advertising statements. The combination of both theories is performed by a methodology of analysis, that supported by six theoretical branches and four indicators of relevance between publicity and psychoanalysis, unifies two other methodologies, the enunciation of advertising and Lacanian Psychoanalysis. The first refers to the study of the production of meaning, and permeated by shifts of deictics, present in the speeches and advertisings studied as laws of the publicitary statements. The second methodology, referring to Lacanian Psychoanalysis, is also investigating the production of meanings and absense of meaning linked to the process of subjectivation in a psychic level, as regards, for example, to the construction of identities. The study results led to the realization that consumption, permeated by the representations of advertising, also became a subjective process. In this context, identities are structured and unstructured, wishes are made and unmade, influenced by promises of joy, operated via speech, via language. The result also leads to the conclusion that the contemporary consumption became an integral part of the symbolic universe in which formed subjects are increasingly alienated from the truth about themselves, because the promise of enjoyment as an avenue for the filling of phallic lack, always points towards external references, linked to objects belonging to the domains of the big other, of culture and above all of ideology.

Este trabalho aborda a avaliação da percepção do conforto térmico em uma sala de controle, tendo como objetivo identificar quais os fatores que influenciam na sensação térmica dos operadores e se esta sensação difere estatisticamente entre os quatro turnos de trabalho. Foram medidas as variáveis ambientais (temperatura do ar, temperatura média radiante, umidade do ar e velocidade do ar), levantadas as variáveis pessoais (vestimenta e taxa metabólica) e aplicados questionários para coletar as sensações térmicas dos operadores a cada 1 hora. A taxa metabólica foi estimada em função da atividade, conforme os valores tabelados pela ASHRAE (2001), mas tal estimação pode apresentar imprecisões devido às diferenças individuais e às condições fisiológicas do ser humano, que são influenciadas pelo ritmo circadiano. O isolamento térmico médio das vestimentas foi de 0,5 a 0,8clo, sendo que os valores mais elevados ocorreram no turno da madrugada. Devido ao controle ambiental térmico da sala, a temperatura média do ar ao longo do dia permaneceu dentro de limites muito próximos. A sensação térmica predominantemente relatada pelos operadores, foi neutra, isto é, nem frio nem calor. Apenas em alguns períodos, principalmente no turno da madrugada, foi relatado desconforto devido ao frio. Não houve diferença significativa entre os resultados de conforto para os diferentes turnos de trabalho, mas o assunto merece estudos mais aprofundados. Os valores de PMV apresentaram baixa correlação estatística com as sensações relatadas pelos operadores, provavelmente em função dos valores da taxa metabólica e do isolamento térmico das vestimentas serem tabelados e não se ajustarem ao ambiente de trabalho. Devido a esta baixa correlação, a Anova não paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis foi utilizada permitindo identificar que a temperatura do ar, a temperatura média radiante, a umidade do ar e a vestimenta utilizada influenciaram a sensação térmica dos operadores. Tendo em vista que o PMV não predisse a sensação térmica dos usuários, conclui-se que ele não é um bom parâmetro para uso em projetos de ambiente construído. / This present work approachs the evaluation of thermal comfort perception inside a control room, having the specific goal to identify which factors are important to the worker’s thermal sensation and if this sensation differs statistically among the four shifts work. Each environmental parameter (air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative humidity and air velocity) were measured. The personal variables (clothing insulation and metabolic rate) were evaluated and questionnaires were applied to collect worker’s thermal sensation each hour. The metabolic rate was estimated through the activity, according to the ASHRAE table (2001). This estimative might not be precise due to individual differences and to physiological conditions of the human being, which are influenced by the circadian rhythm. The clothing insulation was 0,5 to 0,8 clo, and the highest values occurred in the early hours of the morning. Owing to the environmental control of the room, the mean air temperature through the day did not have significant changes. The thermal sensation predominantly reported by the workers was neutral, that is, neither cold nor warm. Only in a few periods, especially in the early hours of the morning, was related discomfort because of the cold. There is not a significative difference among the comfort results for the different shifts work, but the topic deserves deeper studies. The PMV values no small statistic correlation with the sensations related by the workers, probably due to the values of the metabolic rate and to the clothing insulation be tabled and were not to adjustable to the work environment. As a result of this weak correlation, the Kruskal-Wallis non parametric Anova was used to identify that air temperature, mean radiant temperature, air relative humidity and clothing insulation influenced the worker’s thermal sensation. Considering that the PMV did not predict the worker’s thermal sensation, the data suggest that the PMV is not a good parameter to be used in projects of buildings.

Progress Village in Tampa Florida was developed in the late 1950s in response to the dislocation of black families during the construction of Interstate-4. Furthermore this community became an opportunity for many black and more specifically, African American families, to live in a community devoid of racist attitudes and tensions rampant in inner city Tampa at the time. For over thirty years this community’s residential population was overwhelmingly (90 percent) black or African American. In the 1990s though this community would begin to experience the first wave of Latino residents and by 2000 this group would comprise over 2 percent of the population. Moreover by 2010 this community’s Latino population would soar to over 14 percent of the total population. This project is a case study of Latino migration into a small historically Black residential community. This work examines a plethora of sources ranging from newspaper articles (New York Times, Sun Sentinel, Progress Village Pioneer, etc.), scholarly articles, government data (U.S. Census), and primary research in the form of survey data and interviews from current Latino residents. All these sources are incorporated to argue that evolving federal immigration policies, shifting migration patterns, and economic factors (affordable housing and employment) all played a vital role in this recent and ongoing influx. This research adds to the existing scholarship of Latino migration in the U.S. by demonstrating how small predominantly African American communities like Progress Village are diversified by all these factors.

No description available.

Investigating multitasking information behaviour, particularly while using the web, has become an increasingly important research area. People s reliance on the web to seek and find information has encouraged a number of researchers to investigate the characteristics of information seeking behaviour and the web seeking strategies used. The current research set out to explore multitasking information behaviour while using the web in relation to people s personal characteristics, working memory, and flow (a state where people feel in control and immersed in the task). Also investigated were the effects of pre-determined knowledge about search tasks and the artefact characteristics. In addition, the study also investigated cognitive states (interactions between the user and the system) and cognitive coordination shifts (the way people change their actions to search effectively) while multitasking on the web. The research was exploratory using a mixed method approach. Thirty University students participated; 10 psychologists, 10 accountants and 10 mechanical engineers. The data collection tools used were: pre and post questionnaires, pre-interviews, a working memory test, a flow state scale test, audio-visual data, web search logs, think aloud data, observation, and the critical decision method. Based on the working memory test, the participants were divided into two groups, those with high scores and those with lower scores. Similarly, participants were divided into two groups based on their flow state scale tests. All participants searched information on the web for four topics: two for which they had prior knowledge and two more without prior knowledge. The results revealed that working memory capacity affects multitasking information behaviour during web searching. For example, the participants in the high working memory group and high flow group had a significantly greater number of cognitive coordination and state shifts than the low working memory group and low flow group. Further, the perception of task complexity was related to working memory capacity; those with low memory capacity thought task complexity increased towards the end of tasks for which they had no prior knowledge compared to tasks for which they had prior knowledge. The results also showed that all participants, regardless of their working memory capacity and flow level, had the same the first frequent cognitive coordination and cognitive state sequences: from strategy to topic. In respect of disciplinary differences, accountants rated task complexity at the end of the web seeking procedure to be statistically less significant for information tasks with prior knowledge compared to the participants from the other disciplines. Moreover, multitasking information behaviour characteristics such as the number of queries, web search sessions and opened tabs/windows during searches has been affected by the disciplines. The findings of the research enabled an exploratory integrated model to be created, which illustrates the nature of multitasking information behaviour when using the web. One other contribution of this research was to develop new more specific and closely grounded definitions of task complexity and artefact characteristics). This new research may influence the creation of more effective web search systems by placing more emphasis on our understanding of the complex cognitive mechanisms of multitasking information behaviour when using the web.

This master thesis describes the process of implementing a new system planning shifts in a production company. The Value Stream Mapping method was used to evaluate the previous system. The implementation process is split into four phases. MS Project was used to manage the project. Thanks to this process shifts planning time has been decreased by 20 %. Furthermore, the new system allows employees to work more effectively, significantly reduces the human error factor, and automatically satisfies legislative requirements.

Humans are generally having a strong, widespread, and negative impact on nature. Given the many ways we are impacting nature and the many ways nature is responding, it is useful to study responses in an integrative context. My thesis is focused largely (two out of the three data chapters) on butterfly species’ range shifts consistent with modern climate change in Canada. I employed a macroecological approach to my research, drawing on methods and findings from evolutionary biology, phylogenetics, conservation biology, and natural history. I answered three main research questions. First, is there a trade-off between population growth rate (rmax) and carrying capacity (K) at the mutation scale (Chapter 2)? I found rmax and K to not trade off, but in fact to positively co-vary at the mutation scale. This suggests trade-offs between these traits only emerge after selection removes mutants with low resource acquisition rates (i.e., unhealthy genotypes), revealing trade-offs between remaining genotypes with varied resource allocation strategies. Second, did butterfly species shift their northern range boundaries northward over the 1900s, consistent with climate warming (Chapter 3)? Leading a team of collaborators, we found that most butterfly species’ northern range boundaries did indeed shift northward over the 1900s. But range shift rates were slower than those documented in the literature for more recent time periods, likely reflecting the weaker warming experienced in the time period of my study. Third, were species’ rates of range shift related to their phylogeny (Chapter 3) or traits (Chapter 4)? I found no compelling relationships between rates of range shift and phylogeny or traits. If certain traits make some species more successful at northern boundary range expansion than others, their effect was not strong enough to emerge from the background noise inherent in the broad scale data set I used.

The aim of this Master's Thesis is to create an employee shift work schedule by using selected methods of operations research. The first part is theoretical and deals with the introduction into operational research, specifically in the field of mathematical programming and simulation models, including the possibility of computer processing. This first part highlights important subjects that will be used in the second part, which is practical and is solving a specific problem. Firstly, Cinema City Flora, which provided data for the analysis, is presented. Then there is a solution of the problem in the add-in Solver in MS Excel, and then in the program LINGO. After, a discrete simulation is created in the program SIMUL8. In conclusion, there is a summarization of the main findings and recommendations, comparison of selected methods and their applicability in practice and possibilities of further research.

The first essay developed a respondent model of Bayesian updating for a double-bound dichotomous choice (DB-DC) contingent valuation methodology. I demonstrated by way of data simulations that current DB-DC identifications of true willingness-to-pay (WTP) may often fail given this respondent Bayesian updating context. Further simulations demonstrated that a simple extension of current DB-DC identifications derived explicitly from the Bayesian updating behavioral model can correct for much of the WTP bias. Additional results provided caution to viewing respondents as acting strategically toward the second bid. Finally, an empirical application confirmed the simulation outcomes. The second essay applied a hedonic property value model to a unique water quality (WQ) dataset for a year-round, urban, and coastal housing market in South Florida, and found evidence that various WQ measures affect waterfront housing prices in this setting. However, the results indicated that this relationship is not consistent across any of the six particular WQ variables used, and is furthermore dependent upon the specific descriptive statistic employed to represent the WQ measure in the empirical analysis. These results continue to underscore the need to better understand both the WQ measure and its statistical form homebuyers use in making their purchase decision. The third essay addressed a limitation to existing hurricane evacuation modeling aspects by developing a dynamic model of hurricane evacuation behavior. A household’s evacuation decision was framed as an optimal stopping problem where every potential evacuation time period prior to the actual hurricane landfall, the household’s optimal choice is to either evacuate, or to wait one more time period for a revised hurricane forecast. A hypothetical two-period model of evacuation and a realistic multi-period model of evacuation that incorporates actual forecast and evacuation cost data for my designated Gulf of Mexico region were developed for the dynamic analysis. Results from the multi-period model were calibrated with existing evacuation timing data from a number of hurricanes. Given the calibrated dynamic framework, a number of policy questions that plausibly affect the timing of household evacuations were analyzed, and a deeper understanding of existing empirical outcomes in regard to the timing of the evacuation decision was achieved.

Tropical coral reefs provide important ecosystem goods and services that are supported by one or more ecosystem functions (e.g., recruitment, primary production, calcification, and nutrient recycling). Scleractinian corals drive most of these functions, but a combination of global and local anthropogenic stressors has caused persistent shifts from coral- to algae-dominated benthic reef communities globally. Such phase shifts likely have major consequences for ecosystem functions; yet, related knowledge is scarce in general, but particularly at the community level, under ‘in situ’ conditions, and under the influence of changing environmental variables. Thus, we conducted a series of interconnected in situ experiments in coral- and algae-dominated reef communities in the central Red Sea, combining traditional community ecology approaches with novel metabolic and biogeochemical assessments from December 2016 to January 2018. Specifically, we (i) examined the influence of coral-algal phase shifts on recruitment and succession patterns, (ii) assessed the role of benthic pioneer communities in reef carbon and nitrogen dynamics, (iii) developed a novel approach to measure functions of structurally complex reef communities in situ, and (iv) quantified biogeochemical functions of mature coral- and algae-dominated reef communities. The findings suggest that coral-algal phase shifts fundamentally modify critical reef functions at different levels of biological organization, namely from pioneer to mature reef communities. For example, community shifts, through a lower habitat complexity and grazing pressure, decreased the number of coral recruits by >50 %, thereby inhibiting the replenishment of adult coral populations. At the same time, a 30 % higher productivity (annual mean) and increased organic carbon retention in algae-dominated communities supported a fast biomass accumulation and community growth, altering the habitat-specific community metabolism and reef biogeochemistry. Seasonal warming amplified these functional differences between coral- and algae-dominated communities, likely promoting a positive feedback loop of reef degradation under predicted ocean warming. Overall, this dissertation provides quantitative data on critical functions of classical and phase shifted novel reef communities, on tipping points for the collapse of community functions, and potential future winners and losers. The knowledge gained with this thesis helps, thereby, to understand how phase-shifted reef ecosystems function and which services will be generated in comparison to coral-dominated reefs under near-future stress scenarios.