<p>This paper is about the transformation of a society in a rural area among the Nyamwezi of West-Central Tanzania. It deals with the change of people’s attitudes toward themselves, their lives and the surrounding world, brought on by the introduction of ‘modern education’. The discussion evolves around the theories of education and the socializing role of schooling. The paper treats the issue whether the education provided is relevant in relation to local</p><p>life, or only directed toward the realization of a radically new way of living.Further this paper debates the impact of modernization through institutions other than the schools, and the future of small communities in an increasingly globalized world.The issues in this paper are discussed from the perspective of young students in secondary schools and their parents. The background to the discussions throughout the paper is the secondary school itself,the</p><p>educational system, the rural community and developing countries.</p>

Sweden's changing demographics, due to recent migrations in the last fifty years, have affected the Swedish educational system and Sweden's language policy. Funding for special education in Sweden regarding its minority populations is on the decline. Previous forced linguistic assimilation has occurred in Sweden among the Finnish population to the proven detriment of Finnish children. Today, Sweden faces similar value assessments regarding its immigrant language programs, bilingual education, and immigrant rights. The theoretical framework behind a "new" form of preschool education being implemented within Sweden will be explored. As the children in the Botkyrka sprakforskola undergo an immersion foreign language program, they are denied access to bilingual education. The sprakforskola's strategy, to assimilate the children into Swedish society through language training, is met with resistance among individual children, stemming from certain cultural groups, who actively determine their own language shift or language maintenance. Final recommendations in the conclusion stress the valuing of individual and cultural choice. / Graduation date: 2001

Every passing year is witness to increases in Internet use among younger populations. The amount of time spent online among children ages two to 11 is increasing at a faster rate than that of the entire online population. The rise in Internet use among children has resulted in marketing and advertising efforts aimed at increasing brand awareness, involvement and immersion. The use of branded entertainment and advergames is a popular practice when attempting to increase brand awareness and loyalty among children. Advergames offer a combination of entertainment and advertising that are designed to appeal to younger populations that have difficulty distinguishing persuasive messages from entertainment content. Past research on parental attitudes towards children’s television advertising indicates parenting style influences subsequent attitudes towards advertisements. The purpose of this study, utilizing parental socialization theory, examines parenting style and how it affects attitudes towards children’s advergaming. This study analyzes results from a nationwide online survey (N=214) and examines differences between authoritarian, authoritative, neglecting, and indulgent parents in their attitudes towards children’s advergaming. Findings indicate that differences in attitudes towards advergaming do exist among the four parenting styles in the hypothesized direction yet these differences were not significant.

Uppsatsen heter ”Som nyutexaminerad är man väldigt…man är lite skör och så” och är skriven av Abdiwahab Jirde och Hans Björndahl. Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka hur nyutexaminerade socionomer upplever utbildningens relevans för sitt nuvarande arbete samt hur de fann sig tillrätta på sin första arbetsplats. Frågeställningarna behandlade även skillnaden mellan att ha praktiserat på samma ställe eller i en liknande verksamhet. I uppsatsen användes en kvalitativ intervjumetod. Vi intervjuade åtta nyutexaminerade socionomer. Studien utgick från rollteori och socialisationsteori. Resultatet visade att det fanns en diskrepans mellan det som socialhögskolan lär ut och vad arbetet kräver av teoretiska kunskaper. Vissa delar av utbildningen sågs som irrelevanta medan andra delar var betydligt mer i fas med arbetsuppgifterna. Positiva moment i utbildningen sades juridiken vara vilket de allra flesta hade en omedelbar nytta av i sitt arbete. Även utredningsmomentet ansågs ha praktiskt värde. Däremot de första två terminerna i utbildningen ansågs vara mindre relevanta för nuvarande arbetsuppgifter. De teoretiska kunskaperna som förmedlades då ansågs inte ha mycket med socialt arbete att göra. Vidare menade de intervjuade att vissa praktiska kunskaper saknades och då speciellt när det gäller möten med klienter, som är påverkade av alkohol eller narkotika eller i någon form av psykiskt kristillstånd. Trots kritiken av vissa delar av utbildningen, var alla nöjda med sitt arbete och ansåg att utbildningen i sin helhet var relevant för yrket.

The purpose of this study was to get a better understanding of how newly graduated social workers within the elderly care and the need assessment sector forms a professional identity through a focus on their experience of the socialization process. The main questions concerned how work place culture socialized the newly graduated social worker in respect of her or his professional identity. The study’s theoretical underpinning lies in Symbolic Interactionism. We have combined focus group interviews with follow-up personal interviews with the aim of deepening to our understanding of the socialization process of social workers and what it means for their professional identities. Three main results were generated. First, that a well planned introduction and the teams’ significance to the formation of professional identity were shown to be important. Second that a needs assessment organization with a controlled and standardized professional role were noted to be too restrictive as they allowed little possibility for the new social worker to shape their own ways of working. This was particularly the case where new social workers were unclear about how to go about their work assignment. These results also showed that relation building and dialogue with clients was underemphasised and taken for granted.

Syftet med denna undersökning var att förstå och beskriva sjökaptensstudenters upplevelser av handledning vid utförandet av uppgifter som krävs för att uppnå lärandemålen under delkursen Fartygsförlagd utbildning 1 (1FF01K). Halvstrukturerade personliga intervjuer genomfördes med åtta förstaårsstudenter mellan den 25:e mars och den 5:e april 2013. Dessa spelades in och transkriberades för att sedan tolkas och struktureras i olika kategorier beroende av upplevelser. Strategiskt urval användes för att välja ut informanterna vilka intervjuades med hjälp av ”critical incident technique”. Resultatet av undersökningen visade att en handledningsmetod som innebär tydliga instruktioner eller demonstrationer följt av korrigering och bedömning upplevdes positivt vid utförandet av vissa uppgifter. I andra fall har ökat eget inflytande upplevts positivt. Uppgiftens karaktär och krav påverkar i hög grad upplevelsen av handledningsmetoden. I studien har också framkommit att avsaknad av tillräcklig handledning riskerar att göra det svårare för studenten att utföra sina uppgifter i arbetsjournalen och därmed uppnå lärandemålen för fartygsförlagd utbildning. / The purpose of this study was to understand and describe master mariner students’ experiences of supervision during the performance of tasks necessary to achieve the intended learning outcomes for the first module of on board practical training. Semi structured personal interviews were made with eight freshman students between 25th of March and 5th of April 2013. These interviews were recorded and transcribed before being interpreted and structured into different categories. Strategic selection was used to select interviewees and these were interviewed using ”critical incident technique”. The result of this study shows that a supervision method that includes distinct instructions or demonstrations followed by correction and assessment is experienced in a positive way during the performance of certain tasks. In other cases, increased own influence has been experienced positively. The characteristics and requirements of a task affect the experience of the supervision method to a high degree. The study also shows that a lack of sufficient supervision can make it more difficult for the student to perform the tasks in the on board training manual and achieve the intended learning outcomes for on board practical training.

The present text is based on a key note lecture (‘Civic Education, Democracy and Political Participation’) delivered at the symposium Globalization of School Subjects – Challenges for Civics, History, Geography and Religious Education, Karlstad University, 13–14 December, 2012. Drawing on recent developments in research on political participation and civic engagement, the text starts out with a discussion about different ways of understanding political passivity. Subsequently, the text turns to a brief analysis of ways in which schools may provide young people with political skills and competencies needed in a democratic society. Three dimensions of political citizenship are highlighted: political efficacy, political literacy, and political participation; and the analysis focuses on the impact of a number of different school-related factors on these three ‘citizenship competencies’.

Research on the socialization of emotion has examined the role of parents’ behavioural responses to children’s negative emotions in the development of a number of psychosocial outcomes for children. Parents’ unsupportive socialization practices have predicted poorer social and emotional functioning both in childhood and later in adulthood. The current study aimed to broaden existing knowledge of the nature and impact of parent emotion socialization practices on emotion regulation. This was done through an exploration of the emotional, cognitive, and behavioural aspects of mothers’ responses to their children’s anger and sadness; by examining the impact of factors such as child gender and age as well as contextual factors on mothers’ responses; and by examining the impact of socialization practices on the development of emotion regulation. An online community sample of 114 mothers of 6- to 10-year-old children read a series of hypothetical situations in which they were asked to imagine their child responding with either anger or sadness. Mothers reported on their emotional responses, their acceptance of their child’s reaction, their causal attributions, and their socialization responses. Mothers also completed measures that assessed perceived social support, recent stressful life events, and the emotion regulation abilities of their child. Mothers were generally positive and supportive in their responses. Mothers were more likely to endorse negative responses to anger than sadness Responses did not differ according to the gender or age of the child. There was general consistency in the tendency to react positively or negatively. High levels of stressful life events predicted anger and punishment responses to child anger. Minimization of sadness was predicted by lower educational status. No other contextual factors were significant. As expected, minimization of sadness and anger both emerged as significant predictors of poorer emotion regulation in children; problem-focused responses predicted better emotion regulation for anger not sadness; unexpectedly emotion-focused responses to anger predicted poorer emotion regulation. Results are discussed in relation to the existing literature on the socialization of emotion and child outcomes. Limitations of this study and future directions for the research are discussed.

Recent research in the sociology of culture has placed significant focus on musical taste and practices. This research agenda has ushered an understanding of the relationship between social class and cultural consumption, and particularly, the implications that patterns of cultural preferences and practices have on social inequality. A frontrunner in this line of work is Bourdieu (1984), who offers a sophisticated and useful theoretical framework—the Cultural Capital Theory—to illuminate the role of culture and its consumption in society. Written as three publishable papers, the chapters use empirical evidence to explore three issues surrounding highbrow musical practices that enrich Bourdieu (1984)’s framework. The first paper (Chapter 2) examines the role of structural and personal barriers in blocking attendance to highbrow concerts. It takes as a starting point Bourdieu (1984)’s argument that upper class individuals are more likely to attend classical music and opera concerts than their lower class counterparts, and questions whether these distinct patterns of participation are attributable to the different barriers that each class faces. The second paper (Chapter 3) offers a sophisticated analysis of the impact of socialization on highbrow concert attendance. By innovatively integrating the concepts of timing and duration, hallmarks the Life Course Perspective, I map out the potentially dynamic nature of the socialization process. In doing so, I illustrate the varying implications that different timing and duration of exposure has on later life highbrow concert participation. The last paper (Chapter 4) investigates the process of socialization to understand what conditions present during this crucial period in time encourage persistence in highbrow musical practices. I find that engaging in interactions that allow one to experience positive emotional resonance, develop a musical identity, and feel a sense of autonomy over musical decisions lead to the propensity to remain engaged in musical activities throughout life.

This dissertation explores the factors which contributed to a change in the paradigm that framed Canadian refugee policy over the course of the 1990s. This change is characterized in the dissertation as a shift from a refugee protection paradigm that dominated policy-makers’ thinking in the 1970s and 1980s, to a security-control paradigm by at the end of the 1990s. This change is puzzling because it occurred prior to the events of 9/11 rather than in response to them and because domestic motivations for change do not provide a complete explanation of the shift. The dissertation argues that although factors in the domestic and international environments may have enabled paradigm change, a more complete explanation of shift needs to consider the process through which Canadian policy-makers were socialized into a developing international norm. This process of international socialization occurred through bureaucrats’ international interaction in bilateral and Regional Consultative Processes akin to Anne-Marie Slaughter’s global government networks. Using data generated from primary document analysis and a series of interviews of key policy-makers this dissertation maps paradigm change over the two periods. This data is then used to provide evidence of the importance of bureaucratic socialization through a global government network for migration in explaining this change.