Problemformulering och syfte: Matsvinn är ett stort samhällsproblem i dag då det har en stor miljöpåverkan. I Sverige är det personer i ensamhushåll som står för den största delen av matsvinnet. Samtidigt växer antalet ensamhushåll, inte bara i Sverige, utan i hela världen. Med detta som grund ämnade vi att undersöka denna växande målgrupp, ensamhushåll, som har ett större matsvinn än andra hushållskonstellationer. Syftet med uppsatsen var därför att undersöka hur förpackningar kan bidra till minskat matsvinn i hemmet. Metod och material: De metoder som användes var samtalsintervjuer med personer i Sundsvall som lever i ensamhushåll, samt telefonintervju med en informant som har erfarenhet av förpackningsindustrin. Huvudresultat: Samtalsintervjuerna visade att förpackningar som är storleksanpassade efter mindre hushåll och har en bra återförslutningsbarhet, skulle kunna bidra till en minskat matsvinn. Med hjälp av förpackningsindustrin kan konsumenterna få bättre upplysning om hur förpackningar kan hjälpa till att minska matsvinn.

Submitted by MONICA DE ALBUQUERQUE MALDONADO null (monica.a.maldonado@gmail.com) on 2017-02-20T13:10:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação 2017_Monica Maldonado (2).pdf: 5292728 bytes, checksum: 79bbdabdb677de9e607fa930132e2f04 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-02-22T19:30:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 maldonado_ma_me_bauru.pdf: 5292728 bytes, checksum: 79bbdabdb677de9e607fa930132e2f04 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T19:30:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 maldonado_ma_me_bauru.pdf: 5292728 bytes, checksum: 79bbdabdb677de9e607fa930132e2f04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-06 / O aspecto social é possivelmente o menos desenvolvido dos três pilares da sustentabilidade. Pesquisas realizadas anteriormente priorizam os assuntos ambientais e econômicos. O interesse ao desenvolvimento de embalagens tem aumentado recentemente, com vários programas e iniciativas que instigam o aprimoramento da sustentabilidade das embalagens. O desenvolvimento de embalagem sustentável deveria considerar indicadores e critérios de embalagens considerando o ciclo de vida do produto e da embalagem. Poucos trabalhos, no entanto, discutem a questão de embalagens e sustentabilidade considerando o ponto de vista da cadeia de suprimentos, mas as decisões tomadas no início do ciclo-de-vida da embalagem e do produto afetam diretamente a sustentabilidade e seu impacto sobre desempenho e custos na cadeia de suprimentos pode ser devastador. Nesse contexto, essa pesquisa busca contribuir com o entendimento dos aspectos de sustentabilidade social em embalagens. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor uma ferramenta para análise da sustentabilidade social em embalagens, com base na relação entre 20 critérios de embalagens e 3 princípios de sustentabilidade social (justiça, igualdade/equidade e transparência) considerados no design/desenvolvimento de embalagens. A ferramenta proposta é um questionário, que foi respondido por associados da Associação Brasileira de Embalagens, com o intuito de exemplificar a aplicação da ferramenta. Os resultados foram analisados e apresentados em gráficos do tipo radar, que permitem uma melhor visualização das questões abordadas em cada princípio. No entanto, devido à diversidade de questões e abrangência do tema, a maioria das embalagens analisadas, deve possuir, eventualmente, elementos de sustentabilidade social. Contudo, uma embalagem socialmente sustentável deve considerar, nos processos de design e desenvolvimento, uma justa distribuição dos recursos na sociedade, igualdade de diereitos estabelecidos e acesso à informação e oportunidade para participação. Além disso, como a sociedade está “inserida” no meio ambiente, a discussão de práticas de sustentabilidade ambiental é importante para a sustentabilidade social. / The social aspect is possibly the least developed of the three pillars of sustainability. Previous research prioritizes environmental and economic issues. The interest in packaging development has increased recently, with several programs and initiatives that instigate the improvement of packaging sustainability. The development of sustainable packaging should consider indicators and packaging criteria considering the product’s and packaging’s life cycle. Few papers, however, discuss packaging and sustainability from a supply chain perspective, but decisions taken early in the packaging and product life cycle affect directly sustainability and its impact on performance and costs in the supply chain can be devastating. In this context, this research seeks to contribute to the understanding of social sustainability aspects in packaging. The main objective of this work is to propose a tool for the analysis of social sustainability in packaging, based on the relationship between 20 packaging criteria and 3 principles of social sustainability (fairness, equality/equity and transparency) on packaging design / development. The proposed tool is a questionnaire, which was answered by members of the Brazilian Association of Packaging, with the purpose of exemplifying the application of the tool. The results were analyzed and presented in radar type charts, which allow a better visualization of the issues addressed in each principle. However, due to the diversity of issues and scope of the theme, most of the packages analyzed should have, possibly, elements of social sustainability. However, a socially sustainable package should consider, in design and development processes, a fair distribution of resources in society, equality of established rights and access to information and opportunity for participation. In addition, as society is "inserted" in the environment, the discussion of environmental sustainability practices is important for social sustainability.

There is an under-developed scale of research conducted on sustainable production and consumption of environmentally friendly packaging Tanzania. Using the main concepts from institutional theory along with the diffusion of innovation model, this paper will examine the environmentally friendly packaging innovations in the Tanzanian food and beverage industry. The purpose of this research is to understand the factors that enable adoption. It suggests that mimetic, coercive and normative pressures exist within manufacturing firms that can regulate and coordinate solutions. A level of understanding of perceived fidelity and perceived effort required were established to develop conditions where firms can create strategies for the adoption environmentally sustainable packaging. The research setting is in the manufacturing industry. The data gathered for this study was collected by distributing a survey to respondents using convenience and snow-balling technique. Manufacturing businesses and packaging suppliers of the food and beverage industry participated. The respondents were requested to forward the survey by passing on the google form link to business owners, company CEOs, CFOs, COOs. 29 firm responses from the target population were measured to establish the pressures that they face and their intention to adopt. After applying regression analysis to the data, coercive pressure and intention to adopt with perceived fidelity as a moderator suggested a significant relationship. Similarly, perceived effort required positively moderated the relationship between mimetic pressure and intention to adopt. However, the results showed that no significant relationship from each of the three isomorphic constructs namely normative, mimetic and coercive and intention to adopt. This was contradictory to previous researchers of isomorphic pressures and should be subjected to future research. / Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2021. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / MBA / Unrestricted

No description available.

Packaging is a topic under debate and scrutiny intoday’s society, due to its obvious environmentaldetriment – but also the business opportunities – tied tominimizing or even eliminating packaging.therefore, in this thesis, the aim is to introduce Chinesetea culture to the Swedish through packaging design,By tea culture studies and surveys of the Swedishmarket, with less is more, and minimalism designtheory to design elegant and Sustainable package. Withthis design, convey the Chinese tea ceremony cultureand Zen philosophy.Through the study of Chinese tea culture, then analysiscurrent tea packaging on Chinese and Swedish markets,from the structure, color, material...every aspects ofpackaging design to show the Chinese tea culture in theSwedish market.4According to our respondents and theory, packaging isa big component in a brand's marketing strategy and tocommunicate the brand’s message and values.Marketing information can be designed into visualelements that are used on the package to communicatea message which could speak out the consumers'emotions. But packaging is a topic under debate andscrutiny in today’s society, due to its obviousenvironmental detriment – but also the businessopportunities.So, how to balance the commercial and environmentalthose two aspects and how to express sustainabledesign in my project, is the major issues I have to figureout.Key words: Chinese tea culture, less is more,sustainable packaging design, graphic design, Zen andtea ceremony, tea business marketing

[pt] O novo sistema de consumo estabelecido pela sociedade moderna, atribuído pela cultura do desenvolvimento ilimitado, gerou um cenário insustentvel com impactos ambientais evidentes. Esses impactos são manifestados pela ampla disseminação de resíduos, principalmente, os resíduos plásticos. Sendo assim, esse trabalho se fundamenta na discussão das implicações resultantes do consumo demasiado de embalagens plásticas no Brasil. Para tanto, parte-se da análise do mercado atual de plásticos, os setores envolvidos na fabricação e consumo de embalagens derivadas do produto, assim como das determinações da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos. A qual preceitua a redução, o reuso e reciclagem dos produtos como princípio orientador de ações socioambientais corretas, além de apontar - como uma das formas de operacionalização do processo - a celebração de Acordos Setoriais como um instrumento legal para cumprir o princípio de poluidor-pagador, contando com a participação das cooperativas de materiais recicláveis como integrantes no processo da reciclagem desse setor. Consubstanciadas nesse contexto, a ideia é propor, no estudo, alternativas de consumo de embalagens menos agressivas e mais sustentáveis, apoiadas por uma revisão conceitual dos materiais plásticos oriundos de fontes renováveis, visando à construção de novas formas de uso do plástico que impactem menos o meio ambiente. Dessa forma, permitindo a construção de formas mais sustentáveis do uso mais consciente de embalagens de modo geral. / [en] The current Brazilian economic development is associated with the stimulus to consumerism, which favors the waste and rapid disposal of products. This consumption trend is driven by the technological innovation of products, defined as a growth strategy established by companies. As a result, this system contributes to the intense generation of Urban Solid Waste (USW) and the exploitation of natural resources, which become increasingly scarce, generating clear environmental impacts. These impacts are manifested by the spread of waste in the environment, especially plastic waste. Thus, the study aims to discuss the current market for plastics besides the impacts associated with the consumption of plastic packaging in Brazil. In addition, the National Solid Waste Policy from 2010 (NSWP/2010) is examined, which establishes the actions of reduction, reuse and recycling of products, with a focus on appropriate socio-environmental practices. The NSWP / 2010 describes in its art. 6th: (...) the recognition of reusable and recyclable solid waste as an economic good and of social value, generator of work and income and promoter of citizenship (Brazil, 2010). It establishes a means of the operationalization of compliance with the guiding principles process, as the use of Sector Agreements as a legal means to comply with the polluter-pays principle, relying on the participation of cooperatives of recyclable material collectors as part of the process of recycling. Therefore, through a conceptual review of plastic materials from renewable sources, the idea is to propose less aggressive alternatives, regarding the consumption of plastic packaging in Brazil, considering more sustainable ways in the use of plastic products.

Submerge into the world of Sustainable design with this researchproject that offers a thorough analysis of the latest techniques and examplesof environmental friendly products, learn how a decision support model isable to assist in making important design choices and discover how simple itcan be to follow a design framework to find solutions to design problems inthe most unexpected places, while at the same time creating lean “fat free”environmental products.The latest examples of environmental products include the first concept zeroemissionocean transport vessel, the Wallenius Wilhelmsen E/S Orcelle, abalanced combination of esthetics, sustainability and function in the SonyEricsson’s Green Heart packaging, and finally a great example of materialengineering Billerud’s FibreForm which is an innovative and environmentallyfriendly material that can replace plastic.Biomimicry which is a new discipline that studies “nature’s way” and thenimitates this designs and processes to solve design problems when integratedin a design framework that considers; function form and lifecycle is able toguide designers to create products that achieve environmental, social andeconomical sustainability that can raise quality of life and that enablehumanity to increase innovations without sacrificing our future.

The production and consumption of today generates huge amounts of waste, and due to the increasing living standards the amount will continue to increase. The waste leads to large environmental impacts due to pollution and emissions of greenhouse gases, as well as the depletion of raw materials. This study aimed to investigate how sustainability through circular economy can drive the development towards reducing the packaging waste in a company. The ambition was to identify possible actions that could be implemented in order to decrease the amount of combustible waste and the entailed environmental impact. A case study was performed at Volvo Group Trucks Operations assembly plant in Tuve in Gothenburg. The initial part of the study consisted of a literature review and was followed by the empirical study where interviews and observations were conducted in order to investigate what actions that could reduce the packaging waste. The data was analysed and one action was selected to be further investigated, and calculations of its environmental and economic aspects are performed. Three different types of inner packaging of LDPE (Low Density Polyethelen) plastics were selected, and the calculations showed that the reduction of CO2-emissions amounts to as much as 6.3 tonnes per year and cost savings of 11 000 SEK per year when reusing the inner packaging. These savings indicate that it is profitable to return the packaging to the supplier if it is located closer than 10 200 - 16 600 km to the site. The managerial implications of implementing a returnable packaging system are the cost savings and the reduction of environmental impacts. / Produktioner och konsumtion genererar idag stora mängder avfall och på grund av den ökande levnadsstandarden fortsätter mängden avfall att öka. Avfallet leder till stor miljöpåverkan på grund av föroreningar och växthusgasutsläpp, liksom uttömning av råmaterial. Denna studien syftade till att undersöka hur hållbarhet genom cirkulär ekonomi kan driva utvecklingen mot att minska förpackningsavfallet i ett företag. Ambitionen var att identifiera möjliga förslag som skulle kunna implementeras för att minska mängden av brännbart avfall och därmed den miljöpåverkan som följer. En fallstudie utfördes på Volvo Group Trucks Operations monteringsanläggning i Tuve i Göteborg. Den inledande delen i arbetet bestod av en litteraturstudie som följdes av en empirisk studie, där intervjuer och observationer utfördes för att undersöka vilka förslag som skulle kunna minska förpackningsavfall. Datan analyserades och ett förslag valdes ut för att undersökas vidare genom beräkningar för dess miljömässiga och ekonomiska aspekter. Tre olika typer av inneremballage av LDPE-plast valdes ut och beräkningarna visade att reduceringen av CO2-utsläpp uppgick till 6,3 ton per år och kostnadsbesparingarna till 11 000 SEK per år då inneremballage återanvänds. Dessa besparingar indikerar att det är lönsamt att returnera förpackningar till leverantören om den är belägen närmare än 10 200- 16 600 km från fabriken. Incitament för företag att implementera ett retursystem är de minskade kostnaderna samt den minskade miljöpåverkan.

In a fast-moving world with high demand for deliveries of various goods, the need for high performing transportation systems and networks has grown rapidly. As a reaction, the number of trucks has increased, which together with other transport solutions to cover the need has caused a growth of CO2e emissions. Sustainability awareness has pushed companies to consider and implement more sustainable transportation solutions to reduce the environmental impact from transport. The purpose of this study is to analyze and identify the root causes of CO2e emissions in a transport, delivery network. An understanding of the common characteristics of transports causing the highest levels of emissions is provided with an analysis of distances, modalities and fuel types. Additionally, alternatives are simulated to compare the current network to a system with different solutions implemented. The study was performed by analyzing available literature of intermodal transportation systems, alternative fuel types and different modalities. Data for a full year was collected from Scania AB, cleaned and analyzed to identify the type of transport to study further. The characteristics were identified by forming geographical regions based on location and available infrastructure, divide the transports by legs and distances, and sort the transports by fuel types and modalities. As a result, several flows were identified as examples representing the network where the effects of making changes could be most accurately identified.Simulations were performed for exemplary flows providing results for four out of seven regions in the network. Available infrastructure for different modalities was considered for each region and alternative fuel types researched. Considering the possibilities within the regions, each flow was simulated with the available solutions in the region. Additionally, infrastructure potentially developing in the near future, was considered as an alternative in cases where current availability is limited.The results from the simulations were unambiguous for intermodal transportation systems in the cases where electric rail was utilized over any mean of truck transport, regardless of the fuel type. Road transports run on Diesel were used as the baseline for the simulations as it is the highest utilized fuel type. Simulations of road transports on alternative fuels also provided a positive result for CO2e emissions as they decreased in all cases. / I en snabbföränderlig omvärld med en hög efterfrågan av olika varor har behovet av högpresternade transportsystem ökat drastiskt. Som en reaktion på detta har antalet lastbilar ökat signifikant vilket i sin tur, tillsammans med andra transportlösningar som ska täcka det växande behovet, har lett till ökande CO2-utsläpp. En ökad medvetenhet inom hållbarhet har tvingat företag att överväga och implementera mer hållbara transportlösningar för att minska miljöpåverkan inom transport. Syftet med denna studie är att analysera och identifiera grundläggande orsaker för CO2-utsläpp inom ett transport- och leveransnätverk.En förståelse för de gemensamma egenskaperna inom transport som orsakar de högsta nivåerna av utsläpp anges genom en analys av avstånd, modaliteter och typ av bränsle. Dessutom är alternativa lösningar simulerade för att jämföra det nuvarande nätverket mot ett system med andra implementationer.Studien genomfördes genom att analysera tillgänglig litteratur om intermodala transportsystem, alternativa sorter av bränsle och olika modaliteter. Data för ett helt år samlades in från Scania AB, rensades och analyserades för att identifiera vilken form av transport som skulle studeras vidare. Egenskaperna identifierades genom att bilda geografiska regioner utifrån läge och tillgänglig infrastruktur, uppdelade i längre och kortare sträckor, samt genom att sortera transporterna efter bränsletyp och modaliteter. Som ett resultat identifierades en grupp av flöden som exempel, vilka representerade nätverket och där effekterna av att göra förändringar kunde anses mest exakta. Simuleringar för exempelflöden utfördes och gav resultat till fyra av sju regioner inom nätverket. Tillgänglig infrastruktur för olika modaliteter övervägdes för varje region och olika bränsletyper undersöktes. Med tanke på de olika möjligheterna inom regionen simulerades varje flöde med de tillgängliga lösningarna i regionen. Dessutom ansågs infrastruktur som skulle kunna utvecklas inom snar framtid som ett alternativ i fall där nuvarande tillgänglighet är begränsad. Resultaten från simuleringarna var entydiga för intermodala transportsystem i fall där elektrisk järnväg användes i stället för lastbilstransport, oberoende av bränsletyp. Vägtransport som drivs med diesel användes som referens för simuleringarna eftersom det är den mest använda typen av bränsle. Simuleringar av vägtransport på alternativa bränsletyper gav också positiva resultat för CO2-utsläpp som minskade i samtliga fall.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-06-11T19:28:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 THAMYRES OLIVEIRA CLEMENTINO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGDesign 2017..pdf: 8670160 bytes, checksum: 2cda6e4aa53105424eb57ca9435394fd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-11T19:28:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 THAMYRES OLIVEIRA CLEMENTINO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGDesign 2017..pdf: 8670160 bytes, checksum: 2cda6e4aa53105424eb57ca9435394fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-09 / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal investigar, por meio da percepção visual dos consumidores, quais recursos gráficos podem ser associados à informação acerca da sustentabilidade das embalagens de alimentos. Como ponto inicial, houve a identificação dos elementos e técnicas visuais que são percebidos como informação sustentável na composição gráfica das embalagens, facilitando seu reconhecimento em meio as embalagens convencionais. A pesquisa teve enfoque misto, objetivos exploratórios e procedimentos experimentais, sendo dividida em duas fases. A primeira fase consistiu na análise visual, à luz da Gestalt, de embalagens presentes no mercado, que forneceram base para desenvolvimento da entrevista semiestruturada realizada com cinquenta consumidores em três supermercados da cidade de Campina Grande – PB, para identificar quais elementos constitutivos se destacavam acerca da orientação sustentável das embalagens. As proposições alcançadas serviram de base para a segunda fase, onde foram desenvolvidas embalagens experimentais apresentadas à 253 participantes, por meio de questionário online composto por questões de múltipla escolha e uma questão aberta, objetivando investigar como se comportava a percepção dos consumidores acerca da sustentabilidade a partir da variação gráfica dos elementos constitutivos. A primeira fase evidenciou que as embalagens que apresentavam na composição gráfica alta pregnância, com uso de simplicidade, equilíbrio, economia, clareza, harmonia, minimização, coerência e sutileza, conseguiram ótimo desempenho na comunicação acerca da sustentabilidade, alcançando média de 60,66% das respostas positivas. A segunda fase, por sua vez apresentou o uso de paleta reduzida de cores, redução na saturação, uso da cor verde em detalhes da composição, imagens de elementos da natureza e fundo remetendo ao artesanal/reciclado como meios eficazes de comunicar a orientação da embalagem para o consumidor. A união das duas fases forneceu parâmetros para construção de uma estética direcionada as embalagens sustentáveis, permitindo, a partir de sua aplicação, o fácil reconhecimento dos produtos que possuem comprometimento com a causa ambiental. / This research aimed to investigate, through the visual perception of consumers, which graphic resources can be associated with information about the sustainability of food packaging. There was as a starting point the identification of the elements and visual techniques that are perceived as sustainable information in the graphic composition of the packages, facilitating their recognition in the middle of conventional packages. The research had a mixed focus, exploratory objectives and experimental procedures, being divided into two phases. The first phase consisted of the visual analysis, in the light of the Gestalt, of packaging present in the market, which provided the basis to the development of a semi - structured interview with fifty consumers in three supermarkets in the city of Campina Grande - PB, to identify which constitutive elements were highlighted about sustainable orientation of packaging. The reached propositions served as a basis to the second phase, where experimental packages were presented to 253 participants, through an online questionnaire composed of multiple choice questions and an open question, aiming to investigate how consumers' perception behaved about sustainability from the graphical variation of the constituent elements. The first phase evidenced that the packaging presented high pregnancy in the graphic composition, with use of simplicity, balance, economy, clarity, harmony, minimization, coherence and subtlety, achieved excellent performance in communication about sustainability, reaching an average of 60.66% Positive responses. The second phase, in turn, presented the use of reduced color palette, reduction in saturation, use of green color in details of the composition, images of elements of nature and background referring to the handmade/recycled as effective means of communicating the orientation of the packaging to the consumer. The union of the two phases provided parameters to the construction of an esthetic aimed to the sustainable packaging, allowing, from its application, the easy recognition of the products that have a commitment to the environmental cause.