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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

Velayat park : En plats för gränsöverskridande möten mellan människor med olika socioekonomisk status

Abbasi, Hamon January 2017 (has links)
Tehran, the capital of Iran has undergone major urbanization in the last century, which has caused uncontrollable urban growth. Poor regulation and control of this growth has given rise to environmental problems including high air and water pollution. In turn, this has led to urban growth towards the mountains in the north, where the environment is better. However, this pressure to develop in the north has increased segregation of the city and created a clear social division of class between the northern and southern parts of the City. In light of this, and in the context of Tehran as an extremely dense city with limited green space, the City sees a possibility in transforming an unused military airport in the southern districts of the city into a new urban park. This master thesis explores how to reclaim the 270Ha former airfield and develop it as an urban park with strengthened links to surrounding neighbourhoods. The work aims to gain an understanding of how large vacant areas can become successful public areas and green places in the community. The work is based on urban theory and site analysis and brings forward design proposals for the park. Analysis work is divided into an investigative and exploratory stage. The investigative part includes literature studies, data collection and mapping of the city’s urban morphological development, taking into account physical and socio-economic processes. The exploratory part consisted of inventories, site studies and interviews in Tehran, as well as integration analysis with space syntax to explore accessibility and connections in the new park. Throughout the study shows how and why the city has evolved and highlights a connection between living in the southern districts, which are low-income areas, with also having poor access to public and recreation areas. This analysis forms the foundations for the design proposal, visualizations and programs presented about how the area can be designed as a new urban city park. In conclusion, the study highlights that in order to be able to develop new places or renew existing area’s, consideration must be given to urban morphological development. This includes the socio-economic and socio-ecological process. It further concludes, that a ecological viewpoint together with a understanding of the physical environment, the urban landscape identity and the need of people in the context needs to be brought together to plan and create parks and urban spaces
72

Social movement towards spatial justice : crafting a theory of civic urban form

Wilson, Barbara Brown 02 November 2010 (has links)
Building codes are socio-technical regulations that govern the manner in which the built world is designed, constructed, and maintained. Instituted in order to protect the health, safety, and welfare of humans in the built world, codes also serve as an index of always changing societal values. If codes do not co-evolve with social values, however, they often perpetuate standards that no longer reflect the priorities of mainstream society. As crises arise and as cultural practices change, regulatory institutions are charged with creating new or amend old codes to reflect these societal shifts. Emergent social values are often dismissed by the general public, misrepresented by their political representatives, or abstracted by the louder voices of the market and the state. In a few critical moments in modern history, however, society successfully adopted and institutionalized previously underrepresented values into urban form. Social movements provide a primary venue for such paradigmatic change. They do this through the production of new knowledge that aims to alter the cognitive praxis of its citizenry and to generate the momentum required to codify grassroots ideals into the built world. Exploring how this confluence of socio-technical innovation functions within the built world, this dissertation addresses the primary research question: What is the relationship between urban social movements, the values they espouse, the building codes they construct, and the liberative function of the spaces produced? In this dissertation, I investigate three established and one emerging social movement to discern the characteristics of democratic code formation that lead to civic urban form. These four case studies are analyzed in terms of their origins, the claims made, strategies employed, and outcomes achieved. Patterns are then extrapolated from this analysis to identify qualities of collective action that contribute to the codification of civic urban form. The research discussed herein was conducted in two phases to develop a historical base from which to evaluate contemporary efforts to codify civic urban form. The first phase of this exploratory investigation tells the story of three intrinsically valuable, but also comparable case studies of social change in the United States: the community development strategy pursued by the civil rights movement, the architectural accessibility platform advocated by the disability rights movement, and efforts to institutionalize new building practices through voluntary building assessment systems by the environmental movement. The second phase extrapolates patterns from the established cases to inform the investigation of proto-movements currently coalescing around issues of spatial justice. Both phases are then reflected upon in order to propose a theory of civic urban form that recognizes the dialectic between social movements, emergent social values, building codes, and the physical spaces they inform. The thesis statement underlying this dissertation is that urban social movements in the U.S. require a myriad of different activist organizations— radical and mainstream, professional and grassroots— to simultaneously employ diverse strategies through an integrated frame of collective action in order to institutionalize new types of civic urban form. Based on the theoretical framework developed to conceptualize the production of civic urban form, I go on to argue in the concluding chapters that urban social movements currently seeking various means to codify the tenets of sustainable development in the United States might benefit from couching their collective actions within an integrated action frame of spatial justice. / text
73

Theory and Practice in Sustainability Science: Influence of Urban Form on the Urban Heat Island and Implications for Urban Systems

Doran, Elizabeth M. B. January 2016 (has links)
<p>As the world population continues to grow past seven billion people and global challenges continue to persist including resource availability, biodiversity loss, climate change and human well-being, a new science is required that can address the integrated nature of these challenges and the multiple scales on which they are manifest. Sustainability science has emerged to fill this role. In the fifteen years since it was first called for in the pages of Science, it has rapidly matured, however its place in the history of science and the way it is practiced today must be continually evaluated. In Part I, two chapters address this theoretical and practical grounding. Part II transitions to the applied practice of sustainability science in addressing the urban heat island (UHI) challenge wherein the climate of urban areas are warmer than their surrounding rural environs. The UHI has become increasingly important within the study of earth sciences given the increased focus on climate change and as the balance of humans now live in urban areas. </p><p>In Chapter 2 a novel contribution to the historical context of sustainability is argued. Sustainability as a concept characterizing the relationship between humans and nature emerged in the mid to late 20th century as a response to findings used to also characterize the Anthropocene. Emerging from the human-nature relationships that came before it, evidence is provided that suggests Sustainability was enabled by technology and a reorientation of world-view and is unique in its global boundary, systematic approach and ambition for both well being and the continued availability of resources and Earth system function. Sustainability is further an ambition that has wide appeal, making it one of the first normative concepts of the Anthropocene. </p><p>Despite its widespread emergence and adoption, sustainability science continues to suffer from definitional ambiguity within the academe. In Chapter 3, a review of efforts to provide direction and structure to the science reveals a continuum of approaches anchored at either end by differing visions of how the science interfaces with practice (solutions). At one end, basic science of societally defined problems informs decisions about possible solutions and their application. At the other end, applied research directly affects the options available to decision makers. While clear from the literature, survey data further suggests that the dichotomy does not appear to be as apparent in the minds of practitioners. </p><p>In Chapter 4, the UHI is first addressed at the synoptic, mesoscale. Urban climate is the most immediate manifestation of the warming global climate for the majority of people on earth. Nearly half of those people live in small to medium sized cities, an understudied scale in urban climate research. Widespread characterization would be useful to decision makers in planning and design. Using a multi-method approach, the mesoscale UHI in the study region is characterized and the secular trend over the last sixty years evaluated. Under isolated ideal conditions the findings indicate a UHI of 5.3 ± 0.97 °C to be present in the study area, the magnitude of which is growing over time. </p><p>Although urban heat islands (UHI) are well studied, there remain no panaceas for local scale mitigation and adaptation methods, therefore continued attention to characterization of the phenomenon in urban centers of different scales around the globe is required. In Chapter 5, a local scale analysis of the canopy layer and surface UHI in a medium sized city in North Carolina, USA is conducted using multiple methods including stationary urban sensors, mobile transects and remote sensing. Focusing on the ideal conditions for UHI development during an anticyclonic summer heat event, the study observes a range of UHI intensity depending on the method of observation: 8.7 °C from the stationary urban sensors; 6.9 °C from mobile transects; and, 2.2 °C from remote sensing. Additional attention is paid to the diurnal dynamics of the UHI and its correlation with vegetation indices, dewpoint and albedo. Evapotranspiration is shown to drive dynamics in the study region.</p><p>Finally, recognizing that a bridge must be established between the physical science community studying the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, and the planning community and decision makers implementing urban form and development policies, Chapter 6 evaluates multiple urban form characterization methods. Methods evaluated include local climate zones (LCZ), national land cover database (NCLD) classes and urban cluster analysis (UCA) to determine their utility in describing the distribution of the UHI based on three standard observation types 1) fixed urban temperature sensors, 2) mobile transects and, 3) remote sensing. Bivariate, regression and ANOVA tests are used to conduct the analyses. Findings indicate that the NLCD classes are best correlated to the UHI intensity and distribution in the study area. Further, while the UCA method is not useful directly, the variables included in the method are predictive based on regression analysis so the potential for better model design exists. Land cover variables including albedo, impervious surface fraction and pervious surface fraction are found to dominate the distribution of the UHI in the study area regardless of observation method. </p><p>Chapter 7 provides a summary of findings, and offers a brief analysis of their implications for both the scientific discourse generally, and the study area specifically. In general, the work undertaken does not achieve the full ambition of sustainability science, additional work is required to translate findings to practice and more fully evaluate adoption. The implications for planning and development in the local region are addressed in the context of a major light-rail infrastructure project including several systems level considerations like human health and development. Finally, several avenues for future work are outlined. Within the theoretical development of sustainability science, these pathways include more robust evaluations of the theoretical and actual practice. Within the UHI context, these include development of an integrated urban form characterization model, application of study methodology in other geographic areas and at different scales, and use of novel experimental methods including distributed sensor networks and citizen science.</p> / Dissertation
74

Centros urbanos e espaços livres públicos: produção e apropriação em Palmas-TO / Urban centers and public spaces: production and appropriation in Palmas-TO

Oliveira, Lucimara Albieri de 03 June 2016 (has links)
Nesta tese, investigam-se os centros urbanos e o fenômeno das centralidades na atualidade, tendo Palmas, capital do Tocantins, como objeto empírico. Palmas foi estabelecida a partir de um plano urbanístico, de 1989, para uma população ainda inexistente. Seus preceitos de racionalidade projetual são transgredidos já em seus primeiros anos, quando adentra efetivamente na lógica capitalista de produção do espaço urbano, tendo a gestão pública como participante fundamental desse processo. Como decorrência, desencadeia o fenômeno da multicentralidade prematuramente. Seus centros urbanos surgem deflagrando as contradições sociais e estampam os conflitos de seu processo de urbanização. Enquanto seu centro principal evoca simbolicamente o poder e está alinhado aos interesses hegemônicos, seus subcentros populares revelam uma construção coletiva do espaço e ricas apropriações de seus espaços livres públicos, abrindo maiores possibilidades para a vivência urbana e contribuindo para a formação da cidadania. / In this thesis, the urban centers and the phenomena of centralities are investigated today, with Palmas, the capital of Tocantins, as an empirical object. Palmas was established from an urban plan, from 1989, for a still non-existent population. Its precepts of design rationality are already transgressed in its early years, when it effectively penetrates into the capitalist logic of urban space production, with public management as a fundamental participant in this process. As a result, it triggers the phenomenon of multicentrality prematurely. Its urban centers emerge deflagrating the social contradictions and stamping the conflicts of its process of urbanization. While its main center symbolically evokes power and is aligned with hegemonic interests, its popular subcentres reveal a collective construction of space and rich appropriations of its public spaces, opening up greater possibilities for urban living and contributing to the formation of citizenship.
75

Assessing sustainable urban forms in Erbil city of Iraq

Ibrahim, Rebwar January 2018 (has links)
Scholars have frequently considered the analysis of sustainable design and performance of the built fabric over the past two decades with regard to diversity, density and accessibility. They fall short of developing a holistic, systematic and objective assessment system for the analysis of the sustainable urban form. Subsequently, there is still a noticeable gap regarding the relationship between these dimensions and the patterns and the layout of built environments in the Middle East in general and in Iraq in particular. Intense and rapid economic development and urbanisation in Northern Iraq has resulted in expansive urban of built environments to accommodate the ever increasing urban population and level of activity in the city of Erbil. Architectural, planning and urban design trends at the intra-urban and neighbourhood levels indicate a state of disharmony and random physical forms that lack frameworks for understanding sustainable urban form in relation to urban patterns and layout. In this context, Accessibility, Connectivity, Compatibility, Diversity, Nodality, Density, Urban Identity, and Adaptability have been considered as analysis criteria to evaluate the sustainability of spatial patterns of urban form. The thesis aims to explore and examine the relationship between urban patterns and sustainable urban form in Erbil city in the context of sustainability through developing a customised but context-based framework for sustainable urban fabric indicators. To accomplish this, five case studies of residential projects with variable states of occupancy, completion, and social profiling have been chosen to investigate the practice of the sustainable urban form indicators. The research adopted a mixed-methodological approach, which combines quantitative and qualitative surveys of users, planners, and decision makers to enhance an understanding of the local perception of urban sustainability. A random sampling process is applied for the quantitative survey when distributing the questionnaires. The successful sample size, which was analysed, was 252 respondents. Using comparative analysis of sustainable urban form indicators in the recent local residential projects, quantitative findings have noticeably indicated significant variation in the effectiveness of indicators' performance, and consequently support the research assumption with statistical evidence that urban patterns have a significant impact on achieving sustainable urban forms in developing countries. The study concludes that the urban pattern indicator framework offers an efficient and rigorous approach that enables a credible assessment of the design strategies and planning decision-making in residential developments to achieve sustainable urban forms. These findings have evident implications for urban planners and policy makers during the design stage. The study has proposed practical planning and design guidelines which aim to enhance the local built environment.
76

Lugares públicos: a dimensão cotidiana no centro de São Paulo / Public places: everyday dimension in downtown Sao Paulo

Rupf, Lilian Dazzi Braga 15 May 2015 (has links)
O presente estudo propõe a investigação dos lugares públicos - entendidos como a dimensão espacial da cotidianidade e locus da esfera de vida pública - buscando compreender relações entre os processos de apropriação do espaço urbano e a forma urbana contemporânea. O centro da cidade de São Paulo foi definido como objeto empírico para um ensaio a fim de apreender relações entre o espaço produzido e suas vivências. A escolha de uma área de importante significado simbólico e histórico, assim como, de intensa dinâmica de atividades e pessoas é devido à sua diversidade e potencial ao encontro público, propiciando uma leitura e interpretação sobre uma base empírica que estimula a reflexão proposta. Ao contrário de alguns discursos não há redução de sua vida pública, o que há é uma mudança nesta que adquire maior complexidade, novos usos e dinâmicas ocupam e recriam seus espaços em constante processo de transformação. O centro tem como herança um rico e ativo sistema de lugares públicos, protagonistas de grandes momentos da vida pública paulistana, palco de encontros, de trocas, de convergências, de conflitos e de manifestações. / This research proposes the investigation of public places - understood as the spatial dimension of daily life and locus of the public life sphere - trying to understand relationships between the urban space appropriation processes and the contemporary urban form. The center of the city of São Paulo was defined as empirical object to an essay in order to understand relations between his produced space and their experiences. The choice of an area of important symbolic and historical significance, as well as the intense dynamics of activities and people is because of its diversity and potential to the public meeting, providing a reading and interpretation on an empirical basis that encourages the reflection proposal. Unlike some speeches there no is a reduction of his public life, there is a change in this getting more complex, new uses and dynamics occupy and recreate their spaces in a constant process of transformation. The city center has as heritage a rich and active system of public places, protagonists of the great moments of São Paulo\'s public life, socializing stage, of exchanges, convergences, conflicts and events.
77

Forma arquitetônico-urbana e desempenho ambiental : entre os limites e as possibilidades do adensamento construtivo

Silva, Beatriz Francalacci da January 2016 (has links)
O estudo em microescala sobre a relação entre a forma arquitetônico-urbana e o meio ambiente constitui o objetivo desta pesquisa. Parte-se da hipótese de que existem formas arquitetônico-urbanas mais apropriadas do que as previstas pela legislação urbana e edilícia para o alcance do melhor desempenho ambiental, sendo possível avaliar quais as composições mais adequadas segundo os condicionantes locais. Nesse contexto, apresenta-se como objeto de estudo o recorte espacial de uma área urbana com alta densidade construída em Florianópolis-SC, que constitui a referência para analisar o impacto ambiental gerado pela forma arquitetônico-urbana e o resultado de seu desempenho final. Para essa avaliação, foram considerados os fatores ambientais associados com o desempenho térmico, luminoso e acústico do espaço urbano e arquitetônico, assim como algumas questões sobre a qualidade ambiental em escala local. A metodologia utiliza dados quantitativos e qualitativos obtidos em campo e em trabalhos de gabinete, por meio das seguintes etapas: 1. Exploratória (investigação bibliográfica, documental e infográfica); 2. Indutiva experimental (levantamento em campo de informações microclimáticas, individuais e subjetivas) e 3. Dedutiva computacional (simulação de modelos preditivos). A estrutura do trabalho está organizada para demonstrar como o objeto de pesquisa foi compreendido e como podem ser desenvolvidos os estudos nessa temática, apresentando primeiramente os condicionantes ambientais (paisagem natural e clima local) e a forma arquitetônico-urbana considerada, para posteriormente desenvolver a associação entre os temas principais – arquitetura e ambiente. A análise considera a percepção subjetiva da autora, a partir da observação de fragmentos do espaço arquitetônico-urbano, pertencentes a um todo. O trabalho comprova a hipótese inicial, na medida em que recomenda proposições de desenho arquitetônico e urbano para o caso estudado, tendo por base os critérios de desempenho ambiental. Além disso, estimula a discussão, o interesse e o conhecimento sobre o tema e corrobora a urgência de incorporação dos estudos ambientais no planejamento e nas propostas de desenho arquitetônico e urbano. / The study in microscale of the relationship between the architectural-urban form and the environment is the goal of this research. It starts with the hypothesis that there are more appropriate architectural-urban forms than those provided by the urban and construction legislation to achieve the best environmental performance, making possible to assess what are the most suitable compositions according to the local conditions. In this context, it is presented as a study object an urban area with high density built in Florianópolis-SC, which is the reference to analyze the environmental impact generated by the architectural-urban form and the result of their final performance. For this evaluation, it was considered the environmental factors associated with the heat, light and acoustic performance of urban and architectural space, as well as some features of the local environmental quality. The methodology uses quantitative and qualitative data obtained in loco and by the office work, through the following steps: 1. Exploratory (bibliographic, documentary and infographic research); 2. Experimental inductive (field measurements and structured interviews) and 3. Computational deductive (simulation of predictive models). The structure of the work demonstrates how the research object was understood and how can be developed studies in this subject, first presenting the environmental conditions (natural landscape and climate) and the architectural-urban form considered to further develop the association among the main themes - architecture and environment. The analysis considers the subjective perception of the author, from the observation of fragments of architecturalurban space, belonging to a whole. The work confirms the initial hypothesis, according as recommends architectural and urban design propositions for the case study, based on the environmental performance criteria. In addition, it stimulates discussion, interest and knowledge on the topic and confirms the urgent incorporation of environmental studies in the urban planning and in the architectural design proposals.
78

[en] THERMAL COMFORT IN THE DESIGN OF URBAN FORM: THE CASE OF OLYMPIC PORT IN RIO DE JANEIRO / [pt] CONFORTO TÉRMICO NA CONCEPÇÃO DA FORMA URBANA: O CASO DO PORTO OLÍMPICO NO RIO DE JANEIRO

VANIA LEAL DE MENDONCA 18 September 2018 (has links)
[pt] Esta dissertação trata da aplicação de conceitos de bioclimatismo ao desenho urbano, com foco no ambiente térmico. Estudos demonstram que o clima urbano está diretamente relacionado à forma da cidade. Um ambiente saudável, com uso eficiente dos recursos naturais é uma das principais metas de uma cidade sustentável, e o projeto urbano bioclimático pode contribuir para melhorar o bem estar e ampliar a sustentabilidade dos espaços urbanos contemporâneos. O objetivo desta dissertação é verificar em que medida os aspectos climáticos e de conforto térmico são considerados na definição dos traçados em áreas de expansão e renovação urbana. O estudo de caso é o projeto do Porto Olímpico, na área Portuária da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, hoje uma área de grande importância estratégica e ambiental para a cidade. A metodologia aplicada foi adaptada a partir do trabalho de autores que tratam do tema do bioclimatismo sob múltiplos enfoques. As categorias de análise se baseiam nas características da forma urbana, enquanto condicionantes do clima urbano, segundo princípios e estratégias do projeto urbano bioclimático. São adequadas a uma análise de projeto em nível de estudo preliminar, e à escala intermediária do bairro/área/setor. A análise evidencia, ainda numa fase preliminar de projeto, o grau de consideração de aspectos bioclimáticos na definição do tecido urbano, permitindo identificar necessidades de novas verificações e fundamentar decisões de projeto na direção de uma forma urbana mais adequada às condições climáticas locais. / [en] This Master s thesis deals with the application of bioclimatism concepts to urban designs, with focus on thermal environments. Inspired by vernacular architecture techniques, bioclimatism comprises, in a systematic way, studies of climatology, biology, technology and architecture. It seeks harmony between already built and natural spaces for human comfort. As a multidisciplinary area of knowledge, it brings the progressive systematization and evolution of its original goals, i.e., building not only with focus on comfort, but also on using the energy potential of a given location. While constituting its habitat, the perception of climatic phenomena was fundamental to humanity in order to find adequate responses in search of protection, comfort and thermal balance, which are essential items to humanity s well-being and survival. These responses were materialized in the architectural and urban expressions of human settlements, characteristic of various regions of the world and eras of civilization. This evolution took place according to the degree of knowledge, technological development and culture of the regions. A healthy environment, with efficient use of natural resources, is one of the main goals of a sustainable city. The bioclimatic urban project is inserted in this concept and can contribute to improve the well-being and enhance the sustainability of contemporary urban spaces. Studies show that the urban climate is directly related to the form of a city. Performing urban designs without taking environmental impacts into consideration often has negative consequences for the environment and, consequently, for the health and comfort of the inhabitants.
79

Forma arquitetônico-urbana e desempenho ambiental : entre os limites e as possibilidades do adensamento construtivo

Silva, Beatriz Francalacci da January 2016 (has links)
O estudo em microescala sobre a relação entre a forma arquitetônico-urbana e o meio ambiente constitui o objetivo desta pesquisa. Parte-se da hipótese de que existem formas arquitetônico-urbanas mais apropriadas do que as previstas pela legislação urbana e edilícia para o alcance do melhor desempenho ambiental, sendo possível avaliar quais as composições mais adequadas segundo os condicionantes locais. Nesse contexto, apresenta-se como objeto de estudo o recorte espacial de uma área urbana com alta densidade construída em Florianópolis-SC, que constitui a referência para analisar o impacto ambiental gerado pela forma arquitetônico-urbana e o resultado de seu desempenho final. Para essa avaliação, foram considerados os fatores ambientais associados com o desempenho térmico, luminoso e acústico do espaço urbano e arquitetônico, assim como algumas questões sobre a qualidade ambiental em escala local. A metodologia utiliza dados quantitativos e qualitativos obtidos em campo e em trabalhos de gabinete, por meio das seguintes etapas: 1. Exploratória (investigação bibliográfica, documental e infográfica); 2. Indutiva experimental (levantamento em campo de informações microclimáticas, individuais e subjetivas) e 3. Dedutiva computacional (simulação de modelos preditivos). A estrutura do trabalho está organizada para demonstrar como o objeto de pesquisa foi compreendido e como podem ser desenvolvidos os estudos nessa temática, apresentando primeiramente os condicionantes ambientais (paisagem natural e clima local) e a forma arquitetônico-urbana considerada, para posteriormente desenvolver a associação entre os temas principais – arquitetura e ambiente. A análise considera a percepção subjetiva da autora, a partir da observação de fragmentos do espaço arquitetônico-urbano, pertencentes a um todo. O trabalho comprova a hipótese inicial, na medida em que recomenda proposições de desenho arquitetônico e urbano para o caso estudado, tendo por base os critérios de desempenho ambiental. Além disso, estimula a discussão, o interesse e o conhecimento sobre o tema e corrobora a urgência de incorporação dos estudos ambientais no planejamento e nas propostas de desenho arquitetônico e urbano. / The study in microscale of the relationship between the architectural-urban form and the environment is the goal of this research. It starts with the hypothesis that there are more appropriate architectural-urban forms than those provided by the urban and construction legislation to achieve the best environmental performance, making possible to assess what are the most suitable compositions according to the local conditions. In this context, it is presented as a study object an urban area with high density built in Florianópolis-SC, which is the reference to analyze the environmental impact generated by the architectural-urban form and the result of their final performance. For this evaluation, it was considered the environmental factors associated with the heat, light and acoustic performance of urban and architectural space, as well as some features of the local environmental quality. The methodology uses quantitative and qualitative data obtained in loco and by the office work, through the following steps: 1. Exploratory (bibliographic, documentary and infographic research); 2. Experimental inductive (field measurements and structured interviews) and 3. Computational deductive (simulation of predictive models). The structure of the work demonstrates how the research object was understood and how can be developed studies in this subject, first presenting the environmental conditions (natural landscape and climate) and the architectural-urban form considered to further develop the association among the main themes - architecture and environment. The analysis considers the subjective perception of the author, from the observation of fragments of architecturalurban space, belonging to a whole. The work confirms the initial hypothesis, according as recommends architectural and urban design propositions for the case study, based on the environmental performance criteria. In addition, it stimulates discussion, interest and knowledge on the topic and confirms the urgent incorporation of environmental studies in the urban planning and in the architectural design proposals.
80

An?lise bioclim?tica como ferramenta para implementa??o do plano diretor do campus central da UFRN / Bioclimatic analysis as a tool for implementing the Master Plan of the UFRN Central Campus

Carvalho, Sheila Oliveira de 19 May 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sheila Oliveira de Carvalho_ate cap3.pdf: 2347584 bytes, checksum: bd0e6ee31cea516e102449fecf45d506 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / This research investigates the microclimate and the morphology features of the central campus of the UFRN, in Natal-RN, through the use of bioclimatic tools of analysis in order to assist the implementation of the campus? Master Plan. It develops a diagnosis of the evolution and growth of the urban space surveyed by analyzing its initial plan and the basic urban conception behind it, as well as the morphology and typologies utilized. The study makes a qualitative analysis of the local microclimate by using Katzschner (1997) methodology, with land-use and topography maps, building heights, vegetation and soil covering. It also makes use of the methodology proposed by Oliveira (1993), which examines, from the bioclimatic standpoint, the human environment as related to the urban form (site and built mass). It identifies zones whose climatic characteristics are representative of the local microclimate and classifies them into areas to be strictly preserved, areas to be protected and areas to be improved. By means of the methodology for spatial and environmental assessment developed by Bustos Romero (2001), the survey selects characteristic points of each area in order to register the environmental data relative to the two basic seasons found in the region where the campus is located, that is, the dry and the rainy season, so that it can evaluate changes in the environment which might have been caused by urban density growth, by arborization or by the influence of the urban form. It then proceeds to a quantitative and statistical survey of the collected data with the purpose of evaluating the degree of influence of the identified features over the environmental variables along the different scales of approach. The study shows the existence of different microclimates and emphasizes the relevance of the bioclimatic analysis of the built environment as a tool for the decision-making process along the development of the Master Plan for UFRN Central Campus / Esta pesquisa trata da investiga??o do microclima e dos atributos da morfologia do Campus Central da UFRN, em Natal-RN, utilizando ferramentas de an?lise bioclim?tica, para subsidiar a implementa??o do seu Plano Diretor. Realiza um diagn?stico da evolu??o e crescimento do espa?o urbano em estudo, com aprecia??o do plano inicial, partido adotado, morfologia e tipologias utilizadas. Realiza uma an?lise qualitativa do microclima local utilizando a metodologia de Katzschner (1997), com a elabora??o de mapas de uso do solo, topografia, altura dos edif?cios, vegeta??o e recobrimento do solo; e da metodologia proposta por Oliveira (1993), onde analisa bioclimaticamente o meio antr?pico quanto aos atributos da forma urbana (s?tio e massa edificada). Identifica zonas com caracter?sticas clim?ticas representativas do microclima local e as classifica em ?reas a serem preservadas, ?reas a serem protegidas e ?reas a serem melhoradas. Seleciona pontos representativos dessas ?reas, onde aplica a metodologia de Bustos Romero (2001) para avalia??o espacial e ambiental. Nestes pontos, registra os dados ambientais nos dois per?odos caracter?sticos da regi?o em estudo (chuvoso e seco), de modo a identificar altera??es neste ambiente, proporcionadas ou n?o pelo adensamento urbano, pela arboriza??o ou pela influ?ncia da forma urbana. Realiza an?lise quantitativa e estat?stica dos dados coletados, para constatar a representativa influ?ncia dos atributos identificados sobre as vari?veis ambientais, nas diversas escalas de abordagem. Constata a exist?ncia de microclimas diferenciados e enfatiza a relev?ncia da an?lise bioclim?tica do ambiente constru?do, visando orientar decis?es para o Plano Diretor do Campus Central da UFRN

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