This doctoral dissertation proposes a fuller, more inclusive account of practice than that which dominates current discourse on organizations, which typically turns upon occupations, professions and jobs as manifestations of publicly recognized roles or functions within organized activity, established as a function of prescribed divisions of labour and the application of skills and techniques, and assumes that people interact in the ways that their assigned roles and functions are planned to work as interrelated parts of a shared task. The approach here is a reflexive process akin to what Lévi-Strauss characterizes as ‘bricolage’, using ready-to-hand materials linking narrative, literature and argument, adding pieces iteratively in an open-ended building process over the course of the dissertation. The reflexive process entails (a) the act of writing narratives (derived from the author’s own management experiences in the private, public and voluntary sectors) so as to produce insights and themes of interest in relation to the broader theme of practice; and (b) readings of certain key works of the literature on organizations and organized activity (including Sarbin and Allen, Denzin, Wiley, Collins, Elias, Mead, Habermas, Stacey and Mintzberg) so as to expose practice-related themes relevant to the construction of an alternative account which proposes the following: (1) Practice in organizations is communicative in nature and entails the enactment of roles. Conventionally, enactment is taken to mean that the role-incumbent meets expectations set by decision-makers and premised on conformity to preset structures within a metaphorical organizational space. In an alternative account of practice, however, enactment can be more accurately framed as a dialectical process of co-emergence of role and organization by virtue of the local social interaction of the persons involved. (2) In active life the mutually-exclusive emergent process and the spatial organizational metaphor necessarily co-exist. Reframing role enactment opens a path to new understanding, such that role enactment and practice thus become problematized in that practitioners can be seen as holding a paradoxical position of some considerable relevance to practice. Today’s predominantly objectivist management thinking primarily stresses accountability for the communicative interaction of others within the organizational space. The reflexive processual approach contests the adequacy and exclusivity of this position, because managing as an emergent practice is more comprehensively communicative and open-ended. (3) The co-presence of both the objectivist and emergent accounts thus requires the manager paradoxically to hold both these views of role and organization at the same time in his or her experiences of managing. As paradox cannot be resolved, it is instead taken up by the manager-practitioner by virtue of the reflexivity central to all processes of communicative interaction. (4) It follows that acknowledging processes of enactment and the centrality of reflexivity in the practice of managing and bringing that to the attention of managers and management educators will enhance how managing sophisticated cooperation is understood and carried out.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:58:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Itamar Aparecido de Oliveira.pdf: 1260859 bytes, checksum: 79681b27fbd6a7c2e3d27a539b7cfc3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this work we analyse William Faulkner's novel The sound and the fury with the objective of meditating on the mythical structure which performs and holds a constant change of meaning of the story and the permanent dissolution found in all the narrative layers. To do that, we survey the main myths and archetypes that appear in the work and that are inverted or altered by the author with the intention of founding the creation of a modern narrative, specially in formal construction. Our main problem was the way to approach the novel, in which it is noticeable the use of an anti-Cartesian logic in the disposition of the elements: narrators, characters, time, space, archetypes, atmosphere. They seem to be subverted by a system organized through logic of bricolage, which leads us to ask: is that logic the organizational system of The sound and the fury? We made a dialogue with the studies on myth and literature (Dumézil, Meletínski, Frye), the conceptualizations of myth (Eliade, Vernant, Cassirer) and the relations between myth and bricolage (Lévi-Strauss), so as to understand better the technical and stylistic features present in the novel and how they appear as products of the logic of bricolage, encouraging the revitalization of certain myths and specifically the plantation myth, which legitimated the agrarian system of the South of the US. From our analysis we verify that the plenitude of the social dissolution of the South present in Faulkner's intrigue is only revealed when we observe the form and content of the mythical narrative which constitutes the novel / Neste trabalho analisamos o romance O som e a fúria, de William Faulkner, objetivando refletir sobre a estrutura mítica que sustenta e promove constante ressignificação da obra e a permanente dissolução encontrada em todos os estratos da narrativa. Para isso, sondamos os principais mitos e arquétipos que ecoam na obra e que são invertidos ou alterados pelo autor com o intuito de alicerçar a criação de uma narrativa moderna, em especial no que concerne à construção da forma. Nosso problema residiu na maneira pela qual abordar esse romance, no qual percebemos a utilização de certa lógica anticartesiana na disposição dos elementos constitutivos narradores, personagens, tempo, espaço, cronotopos, arquétipos, ambientação , que aparentam se encontrar subvertidos por sistema organizacional estruturado numa espécie de lógica da bricolagem, o que nos instigou à seguinte indagação: essa lógica consiste no motor organizacional de O som e a fúria? Dialogamos com os estudos acerca de mito e literatura (Dumézil, Meletínski, Frye), as conceituações sobre mito (Eliade, Vernant, Cassirer) e a relação entre mito e bricolagem (Lévi-Strauss), a fim de compreendermos quais os recursos técnicos e estilísticos presentes na obra e como estes se mostram produtos da lógica da bricolagem, promovendo a reatualização de certos mitos e, especificamente, do mito da plantação que legitimava o sistema agrário instaurado no Sul dos Estados Unidos. A partir de nossas observações, ressaltamos que a plenitude da dissolução social sulista presente na intriga faulkneriana somente se revela quando observados forma e conteúdo da narrativa mítica à qual constitui o romance

[pt] Este estudo se propõe a entender como empreendedores sustentáveis - empreendedores que tentam resolver problemas ambientais e sociais, além de gerar riqueza econômica - atuam como empreendedores institucionais, iniciando mudanças divergentes nas normas e modelos mentais construídos socialmente. Unindo a pesquisa em empreendedorismo com a teoria institucional, o objetivo deste estudo foi elucidar como empreendedores sustentáveis: identificam, avaliam e decidem explorar oportunidades de negócios; mobilizam recursos através das lógicas de causation, effectuation ou bricolagem e tentam se legitimar e convencer stakeholders para o seu negócio. Para o entendimento do processo histórico e do contexto da formação do empreendimento optou-se pelo método de múltiplos estudos de caso. Consonante com a literatura, os resultados mostraram que os empreendedores sustentáveis se utilizam de um misto de causation e effectuation na exploração das oportunidades, variando a lógica conforme o contexto. A incorporação da ótica institucional permitiu revelar que a lógica de causation é utilizada em um contexto de busca de legitimidade e convencimento de stakeholders. Por outro lado, verificou-se que as estratégias de convencimento pelos empreendedores como a teorização podem apresentar variações ao longo do tempo, numa lógica de effectuation, à medida que novos desafios e oportunidades surjam. Ao combinar a perspectiva da teoria institucional à pesquisa em empreendedorismo, unindo as estratégias de legitimação e convencimentos dos stakeholders aos mecanismos da ação empreendedora em empreendimentos sustentáveis, esta pesquisa preenche uma lacuna de pesquisa em ambas áreas. / [en] In this study, I assume that sustainable entrepreneurs, i.e, entrepreneurs who tackle environmental and social problems while also creating economic wealth (Schaltegger and Wagner, 2011), act as institutional entrepreneurs, promoting divergent changes in the models, schemas and norms of a given organizational field. By combining both entrepreneurship research and institutional theory, the aim of this research is threefold: to uncover how sustainable entrepreneurs 1) identify, evaluate and decide to explore business opportunities; 2) mobilize resources through mechanisms known in the entrepreneurship literature as causation, effectuation, and bricolage, and 3) legitimate their businesses and change institutions so as their products/services get accepted. The method used in this research was the multiple case study to get rich and detailed data, making a thorough understanding of the historical process and context of the venture creation possible. Confirming prior research, the results suggest that entrepreneurs use both effectuation and causation logics to explore opportunities. However, the institutional theory lens in this study suggests that the use of causation logic is intended at gaining legitimacy and attracting stakeholders. On the other hand, results also suggest that theorization strategies used by sustainable entrepreneurs may take an effectual approach, changing its arguments in an experimental and iterative way as stakholders face new necessities and challenges. By combining entrepreneurship research to institutional theory, this study fills a literature gap in both areas.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:27:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 desfiando_terezas_part 1.pdf: 3002896 bytes, checksum: fe143d7649549258356adc143f0d061a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-03 / In this research, I explore the narratives of Tereza Bicuda from my repertoire of childhood memories and aesthetic experiences. Tereza Bicuda figure from a set of narratives that circulate from the colonial era to the present day in the region of Central Brazil. In a multiple perspective and connected to the context of visual culture, I seek from the personal memories and vital, my insertion into the collective life and body of elements that develop in scenic poetry to merge and create fields of dialogue for this study. The elmentos personal poetics of this research are understood and lived as a raw material for reflection with the potential for aesthetic education. The narratives of Tereza Bicuda, along with my textures of learning have been plaited into a meeting / workshop with a group of young Lahetô Circus School. These employees / ox, in a context of artistic, educational and scenic, built drawings / collages and unfolded comments embroider various shades of interpretations. This study establishes a dialogue with the notions of multiplicity (SILVA, 2004) as processes of movement and diversity; "aesthetics of everyday life" (RICHTER, 2003) with an expansion of understanding of concepts, activities, and artistic artifacts and art-educational potential of these practices; notions of "precarious" (Shohat, 2006; Bakhtin, 2008) construed as ingenuity, strength and playfulness; notions of "ethics of care" (Gilligan, 1982), which function as an experience of interconnectedness and caring relationships, and "Baroque fold "(Deleuze, 1991), which connects the three-dimensional textures, linking to the textile. Merchandising notions are constructed by mating elements of "DIY" (Kincheloe, 2007), "autoetnografia (VERSIANI, 2005) and" mapping "(ROLNIK, 2006). / Nesta investigação, abordo as narrativas de Tereza Bicuda a partir do meu repertório de lembranças de infância e experiências estéticas. Tereza Bicuda é figura proveniente de um conjunto de narrativas que circulam desde a época colonial até os dias atuais na região do Brasil Central. Em uma perspectiva múltipla e conectada ao contexto da cultura visual, procuro partir das lembranças pessoais e vitais, da minha inserção na vida coletiva e do corpo de elementos que desenvolvo nas poéticas cênicas para mesclar e criar campos de diálogo para este estudo. Os elmentos das poéticas pessoais são entendidos nesta pesquisa como matéria vivida e matéria de reflexão com potencial de educação estética. As narrativas de Tereza Bicuda, juntamente com minhas texturas de aprendizagens, foram trançadas em um encontro/oficina com um grupo de jovens da Escola de Circo Lahetô. Estes colaboradores/brincantes, em um contexto artístico, educacional e cênico, construíram desenhos/colagens e desdobraram comentários que bordam variados matizes de interpretações. Este estudo dialoga com as noções de multiplicidade (SILVA, 2004) como processos de movimento e diversidade; "estéticas do cotidiano" (RICHTER, 2003) com ampliação de entendimentos de conceitos, atividades e artefatos artísticos e potencial arte-educativo dessas práticas; noções de "precário" (SHOHAT, 2006; BAKHTIN, 2008) entendidas como inventividade, resistência e jocosidade; noçõe de "ética do cuidado" (GILLIGAN, 1982), que funcionam como experiência de interconexão e cuidado nos relacionamentos, e de "dobra barroca" (DELEUZE, 1991), que se conecta às texturas tridimensionais, ligando-se à matéria têxtil. As noções mercadológicas são construídas por meio de cruzamentos de elementos da "bricolagem" (KINCHELOE, 2007), "autoetnografia" (VERSIANI, 2005) e "cartografia" (ROLNIK, 2006).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:28:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LAILA LODDI.pdf: 3907061 bytes, checksum: 4d49cf9048a8e05a0ff2217084c75764 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-31 / This research asks permission to enter in houses of bricoladores, people who make their homes with their own hands, using found fragmentary material, collected, diverted from their original functions, adopting creative procedures and dealing directly with the random and unexpected. Bricolage operates without a pre-designed project, featuring a tactical process of invention which appropriates and reframe available elements of different origins. Inspired by the concept of rhizome and its multiples entries, this study articulates essays that dialogue between themselves, creating ramifications and displacements. Theoretical referential follows the texts to design crossings between images, processes, places and meanings. Trying image beyond the illustrative function, a visual essay proposes sensitive approaches to the houses. Through cartography, a mapping of the landscape and its accidents and transformations, bricolage talks reveal subjectivity productions which emerge from the movement's own power. / Esta pesquisa pede licença e entra em casas de bricoladores, pessoas que criam suas moradas com as próprias mãos, utilizando materiais fragmentários achados, recolhidos, desviados de suas funções originais, adotando procedimentos criativos e lidando diretamente com o acaso e o imprevisto. A bricolagem opera sem projeto pré-concebido, caracterizando um processo tático de invenção que se apropria e resignifica elementos disponíveis, de procedências diversas. Inspirado pelo conceito de rizoma e suas múltiplas entradas, o texto articula ensaios que dialogam entre si, criando ramificações e deslocamentos. O referencial teórico perpassa os ensaios, desenhando cruzamentos entre imagens, processos, lugares e sentidos. Experimentando a imagem para além da função ilustrativa, um ensaio visual propõe aproximações sensíveis com as casas. Através da cartografia, mapeamento da paisagem em seus acidentes e transformações, as falas bricoladoras transparecem e revelam produções de subjetividade que emergem da potência própria do movimento.

Nigerian entrepreneurs face government barriers and lack the skills and awareness needed for successfully creating and scaling public value in resource-constrained environments. The concept of bricolage, which involves doing business by making do with resources at hand, has been addressed in the literature, but not as it occurs among Nigerian entrepreneurs. This study was conducted with the aim of narrowing this gap in knowledge by exploring how Nigerian entrepreneurs have successfully carried out their businesses. The research question addressed how Nigerian entrepreneurs overcame critical situations to successfully address the challenges of scaling and creating public value, and whether the theory of entrepreneurial bricolage can support their actions. A qualitative descriptive single case study with a purposeful sample of 22 interview respondents was employed. A total of 145 critical incidents were analyzed by fitting them into themes constructed a priori from the known behavioral patterns that emerged through the theoretical taxonomy of the concept of entrepreneurial bricolage. The results showed that Nigerian entrepreneurs made do with the resources at hand, improvised, and invoked stakeholder participation and persuasion to solve critical challenges of business continuity. The outcome of the research should help potential entrepreneurs determine strategies to scale their ideas or innovations to achieve positive social change. The results may be useful to any fledgling entrepreneur who needs encouragement when feeling overwhelmed by the challenges of doing business in Nigeria. Budding entrepreneurs can learn from the experiences of those who are deemed successful in their businesses, thereby avoiding challenges when they can and strategizing for those challenges that are unavoidable.

Looking to the places we live to inform our understandings of identity and belonging, this métissage of place-based stories draws on personal narratives and intergenerational stories to re/create meaning in new spaces and contexts. Through the interweaving of personal and academic stories, this research provides a space for critical engagement, creative scholarship and learning. The pedagogical possibilities of places and understanding of curriculum as both the lived experiences and knowledge/s that shape and in/form our identities and understandings. As newcomers, settlers, and treaty members, living on Turtle Island/North America, perhaps we must begin by looking at the places where we live and dwell, to better understand our responsibilities to both the land and peoples. Unsettling narratives that disrupt textbooks histories, and the re/telling of new/old stories. Using bricolage to gather up the fragments and/or pieces left behind – artefacts, memories and stories, I begin to re/trace the footsteps of my grandmothers - the re/learning his/her/stories, stories of shifting cultural identities and landscapes - and be/longing to places, while also examining how notions of be/longing are transformed through intergenerational stories and our connections to places. Stories that may help to move and guide us forward in a good way. From wasteland to reconciliation, this work examines the meaning of places to our lives and learning, as well as our responsibilities to land and peoples – those who came before, and the generations before us.

Depuis les années quatre-vingt-dix, en France, se développent des entreprises qui s'inscrivent dans le champ de la philosophie, de la « culture psychologique » et de la spiritualité, dont la particularité est de vouloir répondre à une « quête de sens » individualiste sortant manifestement du champ de la religion classique. Nous avons identifiées ces différentes entreprises comme alimentant une nébuleuse qualifiée de « psycho-philo-spirituelle ». Y participent des philosophes (A. Comte-Sponville, L. Ferry, R. Pol-Droit, M. Onfray), des revues (Actualité des Religions, Psychologies magazine), des centres spirituels (le « Forum 104 », l' « ashram » d'A. Desjardins, le « Centre Dürckheim »), dont les discours et les productions touchent un grand public cultivé. Les compositions de sens « psycho-philo-spirituelles » permettent de mesurer aujourd'hui des effets d'une sécularisation qui s'est radicalisée, notamment via le « désenchantement des institutions séculières » (J. Baubérot). Cette recherche dégage ainsi la constitution de nouveaux croires alimentés par des entreprises areligieuses (la philosophie et la psychologie « pratiques ») participant à la décomposition de la religion en ressources compréhensives dans une perspective immanente. La nébuleuse psycho-philo-spirituelle est ainsi un révélateur d'un double processus, avec d'un côté l'affirmation de valeurs produites par la culture individualiste entraînant l'éclatement des grands systèmes symboliques et de l'autre, une certaine homogénéisation des constructions du sens- s'opérant tout particulièrement via la généralisation d'une grille de lecture psychologique du monde et de l'existence.

Fantasy sports are the latest addition to the sports industry. Fantasy sports (FS) participants compete against one another by using players from the “real” world to create a virtual team. FS simulates the structures of the real sporting world. The most popular FS is football, due to the success of the National Football League (NFL) (World Fantasy Games, 2009). Black males represent a vast majority of the athletes in the NFL and are often bought and sold by white participants who represent a critical mass of FS players. The purpose of this dissertation is to read fantasy football participation and consider the un/conscious commodification, fetishization of black masculinity, which is used for cultural transmission. Using Critical Race Theory (CRT) to analyze interdisciplinary literature enhances the discourse surrounding the intersectionalties of race, gender, sexuality, and sport. Critically reading FS, employing bricolage has made it possible to pragmatically analyze FS. I argue race is central to the acquisition, maintenance, and exposition of power that is paramount in sport, and evidenced within FS. The paradox of allowing the masses of white sport consumers to exercise virtual control over black bodies via FS is that it reveals cultural dogma of racialized masculinity with psychosocial links to fetish.

Notre problématique en EIAH (environnements informatiques pour l'apprentissage humain) concerne la place de l'informatique quant à l'aide qu'elle peut apporter à des enseignants pour accommoder leur enseignement sur des plate-formes de formation. Cette problématique, très générale, nous a amené à nous interroger sur l'organisation sociale des enseignants que nous souhaitons adresser, sur les pratiques de création enseignante, sur les objets pédagogiques que ces pratiques nécessitent, ainsi que sur les médias accueillant ces pratiques. Nous décrivons les contours d'une ingénierie des EIAHs adaptée à des équipes d'enseignants pratiquant le bricolage pédagogique dans une perspective artisanale. Cette ingénierie repose sur une infrastructure exploitant les ressources de l'ingénierie dirigée par les modèles adaptées au domaine des EIAHs. Cette infrastructure est composée d'une plate-forme de modélisation et d'un générateur de constructeur spécifique. Elle permet, de modéliser, de contextualiser et de construire des dispositifs pédagogiques sur des plate-formes de formation ou sur de simples applications Web. Trois études de cas menées pendant cette thèse illustrent les différents aspects de notre travail, et montrent que la proposition d'ingénierie que nous présentons permet d'adresser toute la diversité des environnements informatiques pour l'apprentissage humain. Nous concluons en montrant que les concepts et solutions présentées dans cette thèse permettent de relever les enjeux posés par les récentes évolutions en EIAH, tant au niveau des approches pédagogiques, que des médias utilisés