Orientador: Armando Santos Moreira da Cunha / Dissertação apresentada à Escola Brasileira de Administração Pública e de Empresas da Fundação Getúlio Vargas para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Administração / Utilizando- se da perspectiva das teorias sobre Gestão do Conhecimento (GC), este trabalho tem como objetivo principal identificar os problemas e desafios que se apresentam às Organizações Militares responsáveis pela formação, especialização, aperfeiçoam / This study builds on the theories of Knowledge Management (KM) and identifies the hurdles and challenges faced by the military organizations within Brazilian Navy responsible for applying the principles of the Neptune Program in the education, specializat / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-14T18:06:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-02-13T19:03:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 00000948.pdf: 1158857 bytes, checksum: 9148e57b16be95fcf53c03ed7b74eebc (MD5)

Les microorganismes sont capables d'augmenter le potentiel libre des aciers inoxydables en eau de mer via un phénomène que l’on appelle anoblissement. Cette élévation de plusieurs centaines de millivolts du potentiel augmente le risque de corrosion localisé. L’anoblissement a été étudié pendant plus de 40 ans, et malgré son importance, les mécanismes microbiens responsables du phénomène n’ont pas été identifiés. Nous avons combiné l’écologie microbienne et l'électrochimie pour étudier la diversité des bactéries associées à l’anoblissement des aciers inoxydables. La température de l’eau de mer ainsi que la teneur en oxygène dissous sont des facteurs qui influencent l’anoblissement et nous les avons utilisés pour identifier la fraction bactérienne associée au changement de potentiel. L’anoblissement est inhibé par une température critique de l’eau de mer (au-dessus de 38°C/40°C) et par une teneur basse en oxygène dissous. A l’aide du séquençage d’amplicons ADN, nous avons identifié des unités taxonomiques opérationnels (OTUs) comme biomarqueurs de l’anoblissement. Certaines étaient affiliées à des bactéries capables de dégrader des hydrocarbures, et une OTU était affiliée à ‘Candidatus Tenderia electrophaga’, une bactérie électrotrophe capable de réduire l'oxygène avec des électrons provenant d’une électrode. Nous avons étudié le rôle de ces bactéries avec des conditions a potentiels fixés et libres avec une approche de métagénomique. Nous avons reconstitué un génome issu d’assemblage métagénomique (MAG) très proche de ‘Candidatus Tenderia electrophaga’ et associé à l'anoblissement. Avec ces résultats, nous avons proposé un nouveau mécanisme bactérien pour expliquer l’anoblissement : les bactéries électrotrophes seraient capables de réduire de l’oxygène avec des électrons provenant du film passif de l’acier inoxydable, et ainsi influencer le potentiel libre et donc l’anoblissement. / Microorganisms increase the opencircuit potential of stainless Steel immersed in seawater in a phenomenon called ennoblement.This change of potential of several hundreds of millivolts raises the chance of localized corrosion.The ennoblement has been studied for more than 40 years, and despite the importance and impact of ennoblement, little is known about the microbial mechanisms responsible for the phenomenon. We have combined microbial ecology and electrochemistry to investigate the diversity of surface attached bacteria associated with stainless steel ennoblement. Seawater temperature and dissolved oxygen content are factors that influence the ennoblement and we used them to infer the bacterial fraction associated with the phenomenon. The ennoblement is inhibited by a critical seawater tempzrature (above 38°C/40°C) and low dissolved oxygen content.With DNA amplicon sequencing, we identified operational taxonomie units (OTUs) that were biomarkers of the ennoblement. There were some OTUs affiliated to hydrocarbon degrading bacteria, and one OTU affiliated to ‘Candidatus Tenderia electrophaga’, an electrotrophic bacteria able to reduce oxygen with electrons from an electrode.We investigated the role of electrotrophic bacteria with potentiostatic and open circuit conditions and with metagenomics we recovered a metagenome assembled genome (MAG) very close to 'Candidatus Tenderia electrophaga’ associated with the ennoblement.From these results, we proposed a new bacterial mechanism to explain the ennoblement : electrotrophic bacteria would be able to reduce oxygen with électron drawn from the stainless steel passivation film, hence influencing the open circuit potential and therefore the ennoblement.

The women¡¦s chorus has been a minor category in the bulk of western music history. It was not until the nineteenth century that a female chorus had the opportunity to perform as the same way that a male or mixed chorus had. Only then, did composers start to compose part-songs for female chorus, and Schubert is one of the pioneers. He composed nine pieces for female chorus. Two of them were done as assignments while a student when he was young (1812). Three short pieces were finished in 1815-16. Even in these early pieces his sensitivity to German text and gift for setting the text to music are clearly shown. In 1820-27, Schubert finished four female choral works. Three of them were four-part-- ¡§Psalm 23¡¨, ¡§Gott in der Natur¡¨, ¡§Stänchen¡¨. These three pieces are the best in all Schubert¡¦s female choral works. The tonality is more fully developed, and the length is almost four times longer than before. More imitation is used, composed with homophonic texture than is used in the first five pieces. Schubert had demonstrated a strong desire to express the text freely with all types of musical techniques from the early Romantic Period. This master¡¦s thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter is an introduction. The second chapter offers some historical background and can be divided into three sections. First is a concise report about female chorus¡¦s development in western music history. The second part discusses the definition of 19th century style and how the contemporary background influenced the part-songs. The third section gives a general review of Schubert¡¦s female choral works. Chapter Three is a detailed analysis of the final three four-part female works. Derived from Chapter Three (i. e. based on the analysis), Chapter four proposes a teaching procedure when a director or a school teacher wants to perform any of these three numbers. Some performance considerations and conducting suggestions are also included. The final Chapter is conclusion for the entire research. Two appendixes are included: one is the translations and IPA phonetics for the German texts; the other is a list of the publishers for Schubert female chorus works.

Zugl.: München, Univ., Diss., 2008 u.d.T.: Moser, Sonja: Partizipation, wie wir sie sehen ... Beteiligung aus der Sicht von Jugendlichen

The relationship between infants’ neural processing of and visual preferences for attractive and unattractive faces was investigated through the integration of event-related potential and preferential looking methods. Six-month-olds viewed color images of female faces previously rated by adults for attractiveness. The faces were presented in contrasting pairs of attractiveness (attractive/unattractive) for 1.5-second durations. The results showed that compared to attractive faces, unattractive faces elicited larger N290 amplitudes at left hemisphere electrode sites (PO9) and smaller P400 amplitudes at electrode sites across both hemispheres (PO9 and PO10). There were no significant differences between infants’ overall looking times based on attractiveness, however, a significant relationship was found between amplitude and trial looking time; larger N290 amplitudes were associated with longer trial looking times. The results suggest that compared to attractive faces, unattractive faces require greater cognitive resources and longer initial attention for visual processing. / text

Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία μελετήθηκε και κατασκευάστηκε ένα σύστημα προσομοίωσης και εξομοίωσης των χαρακτηριστικών διαφόρων καναλιών επικοινωνίας ως προς την υποβάθμιση του σήματος και το θόρυβο που αυτά εισάγουν. Για τη διαδικασία σχεδίασης, υλοποίησης και ελέγχου του συστήματος, καθώς και για την εκτέλεση των πειραμάτων χρησιμοποιήθηκε η αναπτυξιακή πλατφόρμα ZedBoard. Στο πρώτο μέ- ρος της εργασίας παρουσιάζονται και αναλύονται τα μοντέλα των υποσυστημάτων που απαρτίζουν το κανάλι, καθώς και η υλοποίησή τους σε λογισμικό και υλικό. Οι δύο κύ- ριες μονάδες επεξεργασίας στο κανάλι είναι ένα FIR φίλτρο και μία γεννήτρια θορύβου. Το φίλτρο χρησιμοποιείται ως το στοιχείο που υποβαθμίζει το σήμα εισόδου, ενώ η γεννήτρια θορύβου εισάγει το τυχαίο σήμα στο κανάλι επικοινωνίας. Στο δεύτερο μέρος της εργασίας αναλύεται η αρχιτεκτονική του τελικού συστήματος, οι διεπαφές Ε/Ε που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν καθώς και η λογική ελέγχου που ακολουθήθηκε. Τέλος, περιγράφουμε την επικοινωνία και τη λογική ελέγχου του συστήματος, σε επίπεδο εντολών από το περιβάλλον της MATLAB. / The purpose of this thesis is to study and implement a simulation and emulation system of the characteristics of different communications channels concerning the degradation of the signal and the noise they introduce. For the process of design, implementation and monitoring of the system as well as to perform the experiment the ZedBoard development platform was used.In the first part we present and analyze the models of the subsystems which constitute the communication channel and also their implementation in software and hardware. The two main processing units in the channel is a FIR filter and a noise generator. The filter is used as the element that lowers the power of the input signal and the noise generator introduces the random signal to the communication channel.In the second part we analyze the architecture of the final system, the I / O interfaces used and the control logic followed.Finally, we describe the communication and control logic of the system. The commands used for this purpose are developed using the computing environment of MATLAB.

Πολλές εφαρμογές ψηφιακής επεξεργασίας σημάτων (DSP) και πολυμέσων μπορούν να ωφεληθούν από τη χρήση ενός αριθμητικού συστήματος υπολοίπων (RNS). Ανάμεσα στους πιο συχνά χρησιμοποιούμενους διαιρέτες σε τέτοια συστήματα είναι αυτοί της μορφής 2^n - 1 και 2^n + 1, ενώ ανάμεσα στις πιο συχνά χρησιμοποιούμενες λειτουργίες βρίσκονται ο πολλαπλασιασμός και το άθροισμα τετραγώνων. Οι λειτουργίες αυτές προς το παρόν υλοποιούνται με τη χρήση ξεχωριστών μονάδων και συνεχόμενων κύκλων μηχανής. Στην παρούσα εργασία προτείνονται δύο αρχιτεκτονικές για μονάδες οι οποίες μπορούν να εκτελέσουν είτε το X * Y είτε το X^2 + Y^2, ανάλογα με την τιμή ενός σήματος ελέγχου. Εξετάζεται τόσο η modulo 2^n - 1, όσο και η ελαττωμένη κατά ένα modulo 2^n + 1 αριθμητική. / Digital signal processing (DSP) and multimedia applications often profit from the use of a Residue Number System (RNS). Among the most commonly used moduli in such systems are those of 2^n - 1 and 2^n + 1 form and among the most commonly used operations are multiplication and sum-of-squares. These operations are currently performed using distinct design units and consecutive machine cycles. In this paper, we propose two architectures for units that perform either the X * Y or the X^2 + Y^2 operation depending on the value of a control signal. Both modulo 2^n - 1 and diminished-1 2^n + 1 arithmetic is considered.

Στα πλάισια της ανάλυσης ομιλίας, η παρούσα διατριβή παρουσιάζει έναν εύρωστο Αναγνωριστή Φωνημάτων ανεξαρτήτου Γλώσσας για τις ανάγκες της Αυτόματης Αναγνώρισης Γλώσσας. Η υλοποίηση του Συστήματος βασίζεται στους MFCC συντλεστές οι οποίοι αποτελούν τους χαρακτηριστικούς περιγραφείς ομιλίας, στη διαδικασία διανυσματικής κβαντοποίησης κατά την οποία δημιουργούνται τα κωδικά βιβλία εκπαίδευσης του Συστήματος και στα πιθανοτικά νευρωνικά δίκτυα (Propabilistic Neural Networks) για την εκπαίδευση του Συστήματος και την αναγνώριση των άγνωστων φωνημάτων. / In our thesis we present a language-independent phoneme recognizer for the needs of Automatic Language Identification. The system is based on: 1. the MFCCs for acoustic-spectral representation of phonemes, 2. vector quantization for creating the training codebooks of the system and 3. the Propabilistic Neural Networks (PNNs) for the training of the system and the classification of unknown phonemes.

Η παρούσα εργασία πραγματεύεται το ζήτημα της διαμόρφωσης της επαγγελματικής ταυτότητας των τελειόφοιτων σπουδαστών του Π.Τ.Δ.Ε. και των εκπαιδευτικών, εκκινώντας από τον επαγγελματισμό που διέπει κάθε επαγγελματικό χώρο. Ειδικότερα, αναλύονται οι παράγοντες εκείνοι, που διαμορφώνουν και επηρεάζουν την επαγγελματική ταυτότητα και εν συνεχεία μέσα από την εμπειρική μελέτη προσπαθούμε να καταγράψουμε τις απόψεις των φοιτητών και των εκπαιδευτικών επί του θέματος. Στο θεωρητικό μέρος γίνεται εκτενής αναφορά στην έννοια του επαγγελματισμού, πάνω στην οποία στηρίζεται το οικοδόμημα των επαγγελματικών ταυτοτήτων. Στην εμπειρική μελέτη, κυρίαρχο ζητούμενο είναι αφενός η διερεύνηση της θέσης των ερωτώμενων πάνω στις έννοιες επαγγελματισμός και επαγγελματική ταυτότητα, αλλά και η αναζήτηση των απόψεών τους στο ερώτημα αν η διαμόρφωση της επαγγελματικής ταυτότητας συντελείται καθ' όλη την επαγγελματική πορεία του εκπαιδευτικού ή αφορά μόνον σε ένα χρονικό διάστημα της καριέρας του. / In this work we discuss the issue of the construction of the professional identity and the concept of professionalism of the student teachers' identities, who study at the Department of Primary Education (University of Patras), and of the teachers, starting from the profissionalism which spans every professional area. Specifically, we analyze those factors that construct adn affect the professional identity and then, using empirical study, we attempt to explore students' and teachers' views. In the theoretical part, we extensively examine the notion of professionalism, in which professional identity is based. In the research part of the thesis, we seek to reveal about the notions of the professionalism and professional identity; moreover, we seek to answer the question if the formation of the professional identity takes place during the whole career or refers to only a period of this career.

IL-12, an immunoregulatory cytokine, plays a key role in the development of cell-mediated immune responses. However, very little is known about the regulation and induction of the other members of this family, particularly IL-23 and IL-27. The regulation of these cytokines was studied in the human primary monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) as they play a key role in innate and adaptive immune responses. THP-1 promonocytic cells were employed as a model system to confirm the results obtained with monocytes and MDMs. Two stimuli IFN-γ and LPS were used as both are strong inducers of IL-12 family cytokines. My results show that IFN-γ induced the production of IL-12/23p40 and IL-23p19 mRNA as well as IL-12p40 and IL-23 proteins in primary human monocytes isolated by positive selection. IFN-γ-induced IL-23 and IL-12/23p40 expression was positively regulated by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), independent of the Janus kinase (Jak)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling. In contrast, IL-12 and IL-23 were negatively regulated by the Jak/STAT, phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) and the c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPKs in IFN-γ-stimulated monocytes. LPS significantly stimulated IL-23p19 and IL-12/23p40 mRNA expression as well as IL-12/23p40 and IL-23 protein production in THP-1 cells, while IFN-γ stimulation alone did not affect IL-23 mRNA or protein levels. THP-1 cells were pre-treated with ERK, JNK or p38 MAPK inhibitors and then stimulated with LPS. LPS-induced IL-12p40 and IL-23 proteins were positively regulated by the p38 and JNK MAPKs and PI3K, whereas LPS-induced IL-23p19 mRNA expression was negatively regulated by these kinases. These results were confirmed using siRNA in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. My results also show that IFN-γ/LPS-induced IL-23 expression is not regulated through MAPK or PI3K signaling pathways in human MDMs. My results also show for the first time that IFN-γ alone without any second stimulus induced IL-27p28 gene expression and IL-27 protein production in human monocytic cells. I investigated the signalling pathways governing the regulation of IL-27 protein and its subunit IL-27p28 following stimulation with IFN-γ in primary human monocytic cells. IFN-γ-mediated IL-27 protein, but not IL-27p28 gene expression was positively regulated by JNK MAPK and PI3K, independent of JAK/STAT signaling in primary human monocytes. I also investigated the signalling pathways governing the regulation of IL-27 and its α subunit, IL-27p28 following stimulation with IFN-γ alone or IFN-γ-primed LPS-stimulated macrophages (IFN-γ/LPS) and THP-1 cells. A differential regulation of IL-27p28 and IL-27 in response to stimulation by either IFN-γ or IFN-γ/LPS was observed. IFN-γ- and IFN-γ/LPS induced IL-27 expression was positively regulated by the JNK, p38 MAPK and PI3K, independent of Jak/STAT signaling in human MDMs and THP-1 cells. Taken together, my results show that IL-23 induction is differentially regulated by different pathways in response to different stimuli, whereas IL-27 expression is regulated by JNK, p38 MAPK and PI3K regardless in the stimulus in human myeloid cells. These results may provide additional strategies aimed at targeting disease, autoimmune disorders and cancer.