The aim of this research is to explore the association between brand personality traits and sonic logos. The brand personality traits that are incorporated into this research are Responsibility, Activity, Aggressiveness, Simplicity and Emotionality. These traits constitute one of the two building blocks for this research. The other building block consists of the sonic logo, but more specifically, variations in mode and tempo. Because the research was exploratory in nature, a qualitative research strategy was deemed appropriate. Additionally, in order to explore the association between the two building blocks, one sonic logo was created in four versions where the mode and tempo shifted in different combinations. Semi-structured interviews were then conducted where the sonic logos were played. To find associations and patterns in the empirical material, coding inspired from grounded theory were used. To conclude, the first sonic logo version shows associations to the Activity and Emotionality dimensions. The second sonic logo version shows associations to the Responsibility, Aggressiveness and Activity dimensions. The third sonic logo version shows associations to the Activity, Simplicity and Emotionality dimensions. Lastly, the fourth sonic logo version shows associations to the Responsibility, Aggressiveness and Emotionality dimensions.

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No description available.

Världen har i nuläget ett sämre säkerhetsläge än på länge, där Sverige kan behöva förbereda sig för en eventuell samhällskris. Hemberedskap är därmed ett begrepp som blir alltmer relevant i vardagen. Forskning inom området har belyst hur beteenden samt attityder som utövas under samhällskriser relaterar till femfaktormodellens personlighetsdimensioner, med varierande resultat. Denna studie undersökte relationen mellan hemberedskap och femfaktormodellen, demografiska variabler och attityd till egen hemberedskap samt skillnaden mellan attityd till egen hemberedskap och aktuell hemberedskap. I studien deltog 124 studenter som besvarade en enkät bestående av demografiska frågor, en skala för hemberedskap samt en skala för femfaktormodellens personlighetsdimensioner. Materialet undersöktes med korrelationer, regressionsanalys samt variansanalys. Resultatet visade ej på signifikanta relationer mellan personlighetsdimensioner och hemberedskap utan enbart tendenser. Däremot föreligger signifikanta samband mellan hemberedskap och variablerna ålder och boendestatus. Ålder, kön samt boendestatus visade sig vara signifikanta för att predicera hemberedskap.  Slutsatsen i studien blev att demografiska variabler är bättre både för att se samband med och för att predicera hemberedskap. En signifikant skillnad existerade även mellan attityd till egen hemberedskap och aktuell hemberedskap hos universitetsstudenter vilket innebär att de tenderar att överskatta sin förmåga till hemberedskap.

Kärleksrelationer är en betydande del av många människors liv. En viktig del för en välfungerande relation är att visa varandra kärlek, förslagsvis genom olika kärleksspråk. De fem kärleksspråken utformades av Chapman (1992) och innefattar tjänster, fysisk beröring, bekräftande ord, kvalitetstid och gåvor. Kärleksspråk har visat sig vara en bidragande faktor för kvalitativa kärleksrelationer. Personlighetsdraget vänligheten från femfaktormodellen är bland annat kopplat till kärleksfulla och empatiska karaktärsdrag. Denna studie har som syfte att studera sambandet mellan vänlighet och kärleksspråk. Studien undersökte även om det fanns någon skillnad på vilket kärleksspråk man har beroende på om man är singel eller i en relation. Detta undersöktes genom en enkätstudie med 417 deltagare som skapades utifrån de validerade mätverktygen Dimensioner för kärleksspråk (Love Language Subscales) och Mini-IPIP (Mini International Personality Item Pool-Five-Factor Model). Data analyserades med hjälp av en korrelationsanalys samt ett t-test. Resultatet från korrelationsanalysen visade ett signifikant positivt samband mellan vänlighet och alla fem kärleksspråk. Med andra ord tyder detta på att personer som skattar högt på vänlighet även skattar högt på Chapmans fem kärleksspråk. T-testet visade endast en svagt signifikant skillnad mellan olika relationsstatus och fysisk beröring samt bekräftande ord, där de i relation skattade högre på båda. Relationsstatus tycks alltså kunna indikera personers kärleksspråk till viss del. / Romantic relationships are a significant part of many people's lives. An important part of a well-functioning relationship is showing love to each other, preferably through different love languages. The five love languages were developed by Chapman (1992) and include Acts of Services, Physical Touch, Words of Affirmation, Quality Time and Gifts. Love languageshave been shown to be a contributing factor to high quality romantic relationships. The personality trait Agreeableness from the Five-factor model is linked to loving and empathic traits, among others. This study aims to study the relationship between Agreeableness and love language. The study also investigated if there was any difference in love language depending on whether you are single or in a relationship. This was done through a survey study with 417 participants that was created using the validated measurement tools Love Language Subscales and Mini-IPIP (Mini International Personality Item Pool-Five-Factor Model). The data were analyzed using a correlation analysis and a t-test. The results of the correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between Agreeableness and all five love languages. In other words, this indicates that people who score high on Agreeableness also score high on Chapman's five love languages. The t-test showed only a weak significant difference between relationship status and Physical Touch and Words of Affirmation, with those in relationships scoring higher on both. Thus, relationship status seems to be able to indicate love language to some extent.

These days, everything revolves around technology, and we have instantaneous access to all information. To stay up to date on current events, we get notifications on our smart devices when relevant articles or messages become available. Displays and other forms of technology are ubiquitous in today's car interiors to both enhance the driving experience and keep the driver in touch with the information they provide. However, depending on the situation and task at hand, these notifications can elicit a variety of reactions from us when they appear at an inconvenient time. The problem statement of this research was that there was very little amount of research done on the connection between drivers with different personality traits and how the incoming in-vehicle notifications affect them in various cognitive load scenarios. This study put participants in a practical research where they have been doing a primary task while interacting with notifications as a side task. The tasks at hand have been divided based on the user's cognitive load, or the amount of focus required for that activity, like different driving scenarios in real life. We have collected sufficient data through practical research in which participants have been placed in a scenario of performing a primary task while interacting with incoming notifications. Prior to that, the personality traits of the participants have been determined using a survey, which assisted us in connecting the similarities and differences among the various personality trait groups. In the practical part of the study, a screen was used on which the participant performed a primary task in the form of a video game, as well as a screen beside him, mimicking an infotainment screen, with incoming notifications with which he had to interact. This provided us with accurate data based on its similarity to an actual everyday scenario, such as while driving a car. The findings aided in establishing a clear link between personality traits, levels of cognitive load, and notifications in general, and how they are interlinked.

Studiens syfte är att analysera och öka förståelsen för hur svenska bostadsköpare, utöver behov och nytta, resonerar kring val av bostad utifrån ett prestige- och statusbehov med fokus på lyx. Studien har ett deduktivt synsätt med en kvantitativ metod i form av en enkätstudie. Enkäten skickades ut via sociala medier vilket gör det svårt att avgöra det totala urvalet. Författarnas uppskattade bedömning på 675 612 potentiella respondenter, resulterade i 1294 enkätsvar. Därefter analyserades och redovisades datan genom nätverksanalys i statistikprogrammet JASP. Där tillämpades funktionerna: “Network plot”, “Centrality plot” och “Clustering plot” samt “Weight Matrix” som visar exakt vikt på de olika sambanden. Studien visar på ett samband mellan svenska bostadsköpares personlighetsdrag och preferenser på bostadsmarknaden. Detta då bostäder av hög kvalitet och hållbarhet samt ytligt lyxiga bostäder är viktigt för alla bostadsköpare förutom neurotiska. För bostadsköpare med personlighetsdragen Openness to Experience och Agreeableness är det dock kvinnliga bostadsköpare som värdesätter bostäder med ett lyxigt yttre. Neurotiska individer gillar däremot att imitera andras bostäder. Detta gäller dock främst neurotiska kvinnor som uppskattar och strävar efter att deras egen bostad ska efterlikna bostäder som ägs av människor de jämför sig med. Dessutom kan ett bostadsköp ske i syfte att tillfredsställa status- och prestigebehov. Detta gäller främst för män med höga värden av Agreeableness och individer med höga värden av Neuroticism, även där främst män. Denna studie kan fördjupas ytterligare genom att betrakta lyx på bostadsmarknaden utifrån ett åldersperspektiv eller en specifik stad i Sverige. Alternativt genom att fokusera på varför bostadskonsumenter tycker som de gör sett till preferenser på bostadsmarknaden. Studien bidrar till att mäklarbranschen kan använda resultaten på spekulanter och kunder som ett verktyg för att effektivisera vid behovsanalys. / The purpose of the study is to analyze and increase the understanding of how Swedish home buyers, in addition to needs and benefits, reason about choosing a home based on a prestige and status need with a focus on luxury. The study has applied a deductive approach with a quantitative method in the form of a questionnaire study. The questionnaire was sent out via social media and it is thus difficult to determine the total sample. The authors make their own assessment and of 675,612 potential respondents, 1294 answered the survey. The data were then analyzed by network analysis in the JASP statistics program. Reporting and analysis of the data took place via a network analysis. The functions were applied there: “Network plot”, “Centrality plot” and “Clustering plot” as well as “Weight Matrix” which shows the exact weight of the different relationships. The study shows a connection between Swedish home buyers' personality traits and preferences in the housing market. This is because homes of high quality and durability as well as superficially luxurious homes are important for all home buyers except neurotic ones. For home buyers with personality traits Openness to Experience and Agreeableness, however, it is female home buyers who value homes with a luxurious exterior. Neurotic individuals, on the other hand, like to imitate other people's homes. However, this mainly applies to neurotic women who appreciate and strive for their own home to imitate homes owned by people they compare themselves with. In addition, a home purchase can be made in order to satisfy status and prestige needs. This is especially true for men with high values of Agreeableness and individuals with high values of Neuroticism, even there mainly men. This study can be further deepened by looking at luxury in the housing market from an age perspective or a specific city in Sweden. Alternatively, by focusing on why home consumers think as they do in terms of preferences in the housing market. The study helps the brokerage industry to use the results on speculators and customers as a tool to streamline needs analysis.

Acts committed by insiders have risen during past years, and there is a need for a better understanding of how preventive measures can be used, not just remedial action after the fact. The current narrative in research when discussing espionage was motive; why someone committed espionage. The aim of this study was to create a theoretical model of a ‘risk individual’ and, with the use of the model, techniques for personality assessment and text analysis, develop an artefact, a self-assessment test, that could be used to assess if a person had a higher risk to commit the act of espionage. Design Science research was chosen as a main methodological approach with supporting methods throughout. A survey was chosen to collect the data and the data was analyzed quantitatively. The artefact is partly based on selfassessment questionnaires and partly on themes identified as necessary when a governmental agency conducted personal security interviews for potential new hires. In order to achieve the research goal, data from 52 individuals were collected and analyzed using various quantitative methods. When applying internal reliability testing to the risk factors proposed by the theoretical model, seven out of the eight factors had good reliability. One factor, stress, performed poorly. This was probably due to the width of the questions asked, from personal to professional stress. This resulted in stress being removed from further testing. The remaining seven factors correlated with each other, apart from one, entitlement. This risk factor correlated with ethical flexibility but not the other six risk factors. In order to test how well the Big Five correlated with risk, the mean of a risk individual was calculated and compared with the five factors of OCEAS. The five factors all correlated negatively with risk, with agreeableness having the highest negative correlation and extroversion having the lowest. Differences could be seen when comparing the ten participants with the highest mean risk score to the ten with the lowest for both the Big Five and the risk factors in the theoretical model. The differences for the Big Five were lower than those for the theoretical model, i.e., both Big Five and the theoretical model work as sorting out higher-risk individuals. However, they worked better together and provided a more profound picture than using just one or the other. The open-text questions were analyzed with the help of wordlists to calculate how the participants used different types of pronouns when writing. One wordlist provided potentially interesting results (the word list for ‘I’), while the others did not.

Den negativa demografiska utvecklingen i glesbyden förväntas leda till en avveckling av flertalet samhällen runt om i landet. Det finns ingen universell lösning för att motverka denna utveckling men förståelse för individers motiv för att flytta till glesbygden kan hjälpa regioner att forma strategier för kompetensförsörjning och bromsa de negativa demografiska förändringarna. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka anledningarna till att individer från andra samhällen har valt att flytta till glesbygdskommunen Pajala samt hur de har integrerats till samhället. De forskningsfrågor som formulerats ämnade att undersöka följande: motiven till varför individerna valt att flytta till Pajala kommun, om det finns några likheter i individernas beskrivning av sig själva, hur väl individer upplever att de integrerats i samhället samt vilka samhälleliga åtgärder som skulle kunna vidtas för att öka kommunens attraktionskraft samt underlätta nyinflyttade individers integrationsprocess. För insamling av data användes semistrukturerade intervjuer som metod och för bearbetning och analys av data genomfördes en tematisk analys. Resultatet indikerade att sociala faktorer utgjorde de mest förekommande motiven till att flytta till Pajala, den mest framträdande personliga egenskapen var “social försiktighet”, undersökningsdeltagarna hade en upplevelse av ett öppet och inkluderande samhälle men trots detta fanns det integrationssvårigheter samt att det på flera områden fanns potential för utveckling av integrationsunderlättande åtgärder och marknadsföring. / Rural areas today face a negative demographic change that results in a disassembling of local communities. There is no universal solution to these demographic changes but an understanding of individual motives for moving to rural areas could help regions to form strategies to ensure the supply of competence and prevent the negative demographic changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons why individuals from other societies choose to move to the sparsely populated municipality of Pajala and how their integration process has developed. The scientific questions that were formulated were designed to investigate the following: motives to why the individuals had chosen to move to Pajala, if there was any resemblance in how they described themselves, how well they perceived that they have been integrated in the society and what measures that the society could undertake to increase the attractiveness of the municipality and facilitate the integration process. For the collection of data a semi structured interview was used as the method and for processing and analysis of data a thematic analysis was conducted. The results indicate that the most common motive for individuals to move were based on social factors and the most common trait was “social carefulness”. The participants described Pajala as an open and inclusive society but despite this there were difficulties with integration. Potential for development of both integration and marketing were detected.

<p>Fundamental changes have been happening in healthcare organizations and delivery in these decades, including more accessible physician information, the low-cost collection and sharing of clinical records, and decision support systems, among others. Emerging information systems and technologies play a signification role in these transformations. To extend the understanding and the implications of information systems on healthcare, my dissertation investigates the influence of information systems on enhancing healthcare operations. The findings reveal the practical value of digitalization in indicating healthcare providers' cognitive behaviors, responding to healthcare crises, and improving medical performance.</p> <p><br></p> <p>The first essay investigates the unrevealed value of a special type of user-generated content in healthcare operations. In today's social media world, individuals are willing to express themselves on various online platforms. This user-generated content posted online help readers get easy assess to individuals' features, including but not limited to personality traits. To study the impact of physicians' personality traits on medicine behaviours and performance, we take a view from the perspective of user generated content posted by their supplier side as well as using physician statements which have been made available in medical review websites. It has been found that a higher openness score leads to lower mortality rates, reduced lab test costs, shorter time usage in hospitals treated by physicians with greater openness scores. Furthermore, taking these personality traits into consideration in an optimization problem of ED scheduling, the estimation of counterfactual analysis shows an average of 11.4%, 18.4%, and 17.8% reduction in in-hospital mortality rates, lab test expenditures, and lengths of stay, respectively. In future operation of healthcare, physicians' personalities should be taken into account when healthcare resources are insufficient in times of healthcare pandemics like COVID-19, as our study indicates that health service providers personality is an actual influence on clinical quality.</p> <p><br></p> <p>In the second essay, we focus on the influences of the most severe healthcare pandemic in these decades, COVID-19, on digital goods consumption and examine whether digital goods consumption is resilient to an individual’s physical restriction induced by the pandemic. Leveraging the enforced quarantine policy during the COVID-19 pandemic as a quasi-experiment, we identify the influence of a specific factor, quarantine policy, on mobile app consumption in every Apple app store category in the short and long terms. In the perspective of better responding in the post-pandemic era, the quantitative findings provide managerial implications to the app industry as well as the stock market for accurately understanding the long-term impact of a significant intervention, quarantine, in the pandemic. Moreover, by using the conditional exogenous quarantine policy to instrument app users’ daily movement patterns, we are able to further investigate the digital resilience of physical mobility in different app categories and quantify the impact of an individual’s physical mobility on human behavior in app usage. For results, we find that the reduction in 10% of one’s physical mobility (measured in the radius of gyration) leads to a 2.68% increase in general app usage and a 5.44% rise in app usage time dispersion, suggesting practitioners should consider users’ physical mobility in future mobile app design, pricing, and marketing.</p> <p><br></p> <p>In the third essay, we investigate the role of an emerging AI-based clinical treatment method, robot-assisted surgery (RAS), in transforming the healthcare delivery. As an advanced technique to help diminish the human physical and intellectual limitations in surgeries, RAS is expected to but has not been empirically proven to improve clinical performance. In this work, we first investigate the effect of RAS on clinical outcomes, controlling physicians' self-selection behavior in choosing whether or not to use RAS treatment methods. In particular, we focus on the accessibility of RAS and explore how physician and patient heterogeneity affect the adoption of the RAS method, including learning RAS and using RAS. Investigating the decision-making process on RAS implementation in both the learning and using stages, we show the synergy of RAS implementation in alleviating healthcare racial disparity. Ultimately, the mechanism analysis will be conducted to reveal the underlying mechanism that induces the enhancement of surgical outcomes. For instance, the estimations tend to reveal that, more than surging clinical performance, RAS tends to increase standardization in time and steps when applying the treatment procedures. </p>