• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 24
  • 21
  • 3
  • Tagged with
  • 24
  • 24
  • 24
  • 14
  • 9
  • 8
  • 8
  • 7
  • 7
  • 6
  • 5
  • 5
  • 5
  • 5
  • 5
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

保險經紀人之法律地位與境外保單制度研究 / The Study of Insurance Broker's Legal Position and The Provision of Off-shore Insurance Legislation

黎曉鵬 Unknown Date (has links)
我國保險法令對於市場中分屬不同業務性質之保險經紀人,於監理規範上並無太大之區別。而於實際之財產保險與人身保險之經紀業務中,其間實具有相當大之差異性存在。再就保險之需求者而言,企業型之被保險人與消費型之被保險人,本屬相當不同之市場族群,這也正說明近年關於金融消費者保護法之立法,即係著眼於金融消費者市場保護措施的建立。惟對於企業型之被保險人市場,於保險法相關之規範上,則相應缺少一些差異性之規範設計。 我國保險法令關於直接保險業務與再保險業務並未依國內市場之業務與國際市場之業務而區分,自然造成我國保險經紀人之業務類別僅分為「直接保險經紀業務」及「再保險經紀業務」二分法之現象。而保險經紀人執行此等「前衛業務」時,事實上其所應負責任之對象為該等原始被保險人,而非被再保險人〈即原保險人〉。但相較於國內保險法規上之分類類別,也只能將其視為「再保險」之一類別,此時該等執行此類「前衛業務」之保險經紀人依此法令上之二分法類別設計,將同時具備執行「直接保險經紀業務」及「再保險經紀業務」之情形,雖然於我國法令規範上,經紀人公司得經營保險經紀人業務及再保險經紀業務,但同時也衍生於法規上如何處理利益衝突之問題。但於此等「前衛業務」,保險經紀人事實上所應負責任之對象應僅指該等原始被保險人,而非被再保險人〈即原保險人〉,此時若又將其同視為兼具執行「再保險經紀業務」,則自然發生法令規範與事實關係不符之謬誤。 本文對於保險經紀人同時經營保險經紀業務與再保險經紀業務之問題,於根本上探討保險經紀人於實務作業之具體情形,並分析其法律地位與相關之義務與責任,希望對於保險法相關規範之發展上,能對於不同業務屬性之保險經紀業務行為,發展出一套不同之思路與設計,藉以消彌監理與實務間之鴻溝。並期待法規應引領國內保險公司,能真正專注於實質保險本業之經營,對於大型企業體之財產保險需求,能真正作為承接實質風險之保險人,而非甘於僅處於前衛業務所安排之出單公司,以類似於保險中介人收取服務費用之模式經營。如此,對於被保險人而言,則可相對免除國內出單費用之成本;對於保險經紀人而言,亦可達到為被保險人最大利益考量之執業職責。 基於目前法規對於跨國保險、境外保險及剩餘保險等問題呈現法規缺漏之現象,本文亦延伸探討目前相關法令對於境外保單議題之處理方式。目前之保險法167-1條未將企業等非消費者被保險人購買境外保單之情形排除於外,實無益於維護金融市場秩序、保障消費者權益之立法目的,應予排除。另鑑於境外保單交易多具跨國性質,基於罪刑法定主義之明確性原則,立法者應將「代理、經紀、招攬保險業務」定義清楚,避免嗣後爭議。 本論文以產物保險為主軸,於第二章中介紹保險相關的輔助人,保險係人類創造新文明之過程中損失分擔之機制,這個機制則需要許多人之努力方得以運轉,保險契約之締結,除了契約當事人以外,尚需要有許多相關人士的輔助,才得以使保險機制能更有效的運作,此等保險相關的輔助人各司其職,目的均在使得保險制度之運作更為流暢與正當。第三章及第四章分別論述保險經紀人之市場功能與法律地位、保險經紀人之行為規範與專業責任及義務,以及我國保險法令關於保險經紀人之相關規範。第五章至第七章深入探討保險經紀人處理境外保單之相關問題、P&I制度、國際金融業務境外保險之議題,並檢討現行法制對於保險經紀人處理境外保單之法律問題。並於第八章文末提出修法建議與結論。 本論文以現代經濟社會對保險制度之期待為標的,以保險服務業對整體經濟社會發展所產生之影響及其願景為研究背景,期待藉由保險實務工作者與政府主管機關、法律學界與實務界之共同努力,能使保險實務之運作更趨於完善,並使國內保險事業與國際保險市場之發展密切接軌,形成一套保險從業人員得所依循之「執業典範」,以為日後相關保險從業人員及主管機關得以遵循及評鑑的共同指標,使投保大眾對於保險制度之運作更具有信賴與安全感,給予全體社會一個穩健、安全又合諧的經濟環境。
22

巨災債券之發行及相關監理制度-以SPV為中心

胡靖雯 Unknown Date (has links)
近年來,天災頻仍,從1999年921大地震、2005年Katrina颶風至2008年四川大地震,巨災損失金額遽升,再保險業面臨再保險費率高漲、承保能力下降之窘境。此時,若能有效運用風險移轉工具以充實理賠資金,對於災難發生後重建工作之推行,必定更有效率。「保險證券化」是國際金融市場上之一項革命,其結合保險市場與資本市場上之強大力量,發行有關保險連結型證券予廣大投資人,以解決傳統再保險市場中承保能量不足之問題。 巨災債券是保險連結型證券中最被廣泛應用之ㄧ種商品,我國中央再保險公司於2003年曾發行金額為1億美元之巨災債券,雖發行巨災債券之可行性已十分明顯,然而,因巨災債券具有相當的特殊性,並不完全符合現行法規架構下之規定,因此,後續相關法令規範尚待建立。 SPV是巨災債券交易中不可或缺之交易實體,其重要性不言可喻。SPV發行巨災債券之行為如何定性?SPV信託予信託業者之資金如何應用?如何貫徹破產隔離等問題,均值探討。因此,本文擬從巨災債券發行與監理架構出發,首先介紹巨災債券之源起,後釐清巨災債券於我國現行法下之定位,並透過百慕達和美國於保險證券化監理上之立法例介紹,提供我國另行制定法令之參考,期望對監理單位或立法機關有所助益。
23

我國住宅地震保險相關法律問題之研究

鄧啟宏, Teng ,Chi Hung Unknown Date (has links)
九二一大地震發生之後,社會上對於住宅地震保險之需求日增。社會輿論與學術界也呼籲政府應建構一套適宜我國國情之住宅地震保險制度。經過政府官員、學者以及產險業界等代表之討論、規劃,我國終於民國九十年四月一日實施住宅地震保險。此一住宅地震保險制度並非完全補償民眾所面臨之地震危險,其僅係提供一基本保障,使得民眾能降低其所面臨之地震風險並且讓政府財政不致因地震而造成沈重負擔。我國住宅地震保險制度實施至今已逾四年,其中住宅地震保險共保及危險承擔機制相關法規於民國九十四年十二月一日以及九十五年十二月廿九日有所修正。惟雖現行制度因前次修正而稍完善,然細究住宅地震保險制度之相關法規內容,仍可見有所爭議之處。本文乃先予探述地震之成因、地震所致之災害類型以及透過保險制度分散地震風險可能面臨之問題,期能對地震風險有一概略之認識。此外,本文亦提出近期美國加州、日本以及紐西蘭等先進國家之住宅地震保險制度之運作概況,期能就我國住宅地震保險制度有缺失時,能作為一參考依據並更新現行文獻未更新之處。而本文重點即係探究我國住宅地震保險制度之相關之法律問題,期能為住宅地震保險制度之完善盡棉薄之力。
24

我國保險代位理論與法制之再建構 / A Study on the Reconstruction of Insurance Subrogation in Taiwan

陳俊元, Chen, Chun-Yuan Unknown Date (has links)
保險代位之本質,可說是整個保險代位體系之核心所在。本文乃以保險代位之本質—亦即求償模式為重心,對於保險代位之相關問題,依序加以討論。本文首先自保險代位存在之法理、以及學說上對其之批評加以分析、並提出回應。在保險代位之求償模式方面,我國傳統以來循大陸法系之傳統,採取法定債權移轉理論,而與英美法有所不同;英美法之架構近年來漸受學說之重視,甚至對其有所爭議,故實有釐清之必要。本文乃對英美保險代位之本質、架構加以探索,並對其與擬制信託之融合詳加分析,以求釐清其法律關係。除了英美以外,本文亦對其他主要國家之立法例詳加分析,並歸納為大陸法系與英美法系兩大系統。而中國大陸與台灣均屬於繼受法之地位,關於保險代位求償模式、名義等,亦可見受不同立法例所影響之軌跡;其許多條款與學說見解亦有疑義,值得我國引以為戒。於分析英美法與各國立法例,並審酌我國之背景後,本文乃嘗試對我國提出「保險代位求償模式相對論」—即原則上仍採取法定債權移轉理論,但在保險人與被保險人有特定具體之特約時,則可約定採取英美法之模式、或是自行約定其他求償模式。 另外,關於不足額保險、而應負責之第三人資力不足時,保險人與被保險人之間受償順序之問題,本文將由傳統的法釋義學方法出發,藉由對立法例、實務與學說見解的分析,以重新思考相關的法理基礎。本文也將使用法律經濟分析的方法,以經濟模型重新考量代位求償過程中可能的因素,重新驗證被保險人優先受償模式對於被保險人的效用。就結論而言,在損失填補原則的架構下,被保險人優先受償模式仍應為最適的解決方案。但此原則應有以法規或嚴格意定予以排除、修正之空間。在判斷順序上,可依三階段判斷:先檢視法規有無特別規定,再檢視當事人間是否有特別約定,若均無再適用被保險人優先受償模式以分配之。 對於特別保險—如全民健康保險法、勞工保險條例、強制汽車責任保險法等中之代位體系,本文亦加以分析,並同樣認為於適當之類型中,本文之保險代位模式求償相對論亦應可加以適用。在再保險與保險代位之適用問題上,本文肯認保險人對第三人之求償無庸扣除再保險之給付。而對於再保險是否、如何適用於保險代位,本文則認為可以三階段判斷之:首先,就再保險之類型為判斷;再判斷原保險人是否欲向第三人求償;如再保險之類型適合、又原保險人不欲向第三人求償時,則應允許再保險人向第三求償。最後,總結全文提出結論;並分三階段對於我國法提出相關建議,以供未來進一步之參酌。 / The nature of subrogation can be regarded as the core of the subrogation system. This research put stress on the nature of subrogation which was the subrogation. Regarding the related problems of subrogation, they will be discussed orderly. The article firstly starts to analyze from the existence of subrogation and the criticism for the theory to provide the responses. In the aspect of the way how subrogation operates, our country traditionally follows the Continental Law System to adopt the “legal assignment theory” which is different the Anglo-American Law System. The structure of Anglo-American Law System is stressed by the theory and is very controversial. Consequently, it is necessary to figure out the truth. This research is aimed at exploring the nature and structure of common law subrogation theory and analyzes other integration of the constructive trust to figure out the law relationship. Except for Anglo-American countries, this research also analyzes the lawmaking of other countries and induces the two main systems which are Continental Law System and Anglo-American Law System. Mainland China and Taiwan belong to the status of Succession Law. Regarding the subrogation and nominal, it can be seen that the orbit is affected by different ways of lawmaking. Understandings of many clauses and theories are still uncertain. Our country should learn a lesson from it. With analyzing the ways of lawmaking of common law and each country, and considering the background of our country, the research attempts to address the “relativity theory of insurance subrogation” to our country. In principle, it still adopts legal assignment theory. However, when the insurer and insured have specific agreement, they can negotiate to adopt the Anglo-American model or make other subrogation model by themselves. Other problems can arise with regard to payment priority between the insurer and the insured, particularly in cases of underinsurance and when the responsible third party has insufficient funds to make up the difference. The present study takes the traditional rechtsdogmatik approach as its starting point, analyzing legislative precedents, practical aspects and academic theories to re-examine the underlying legal principles. The paper also makes use of economic analysis of law techniques, employing economic models to reconsider the factors that may be involved in the subrogation process, and re-examining the efficacy of the insured-whole doctrine from the point of view of the insured. The main conclusions reached are that, within the framework created by the principle of indemnity, the insured-whole doctrine is still the optimal solution; however, there may be situations in which the insured-whole doctrine must be rejected or modified in light of legal or regulatory requirements or strict interpretation. Determination can be made in three stages. Firstly, the relevant laws and regulations should be examined to determine whether any special provisions apply. Then, an examination should be made to determine whether any special agreements exist between the parties concerned. If no special legal or regulatory provisions apply and no special agreements exist, then the insured-whole doctrine can be applied. For the subrogation systems in special insurances—for examples, the National Health Insurance, Labor Insurance, and Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance, the research also analyzes them and considers that in the proper type, the relativity theory of insurance subrogation can be adopted. About the problems about reinsurance and subrogation, this research admits that insurer asks for subrogation for the third party not need to deduct from settlement of reinsurance. For reinsurer and how to apply to the subrogation, the research considers that it can be judged from three stages. If the type of reinsurance is suitable and the original insurer does not want to claim against the third party, it should be allowed that the reinsurer can claim against the third party directly. Finally, the research makes the conclusion and provides related suggestions to the law of our country to be viewed as the future reference.

Page generated in 0.0182 seconds