本文目的在於了解婚暴社工運用優勢觀點的復元經驗及促進復元之因素，包含婚暴社工的工作逆境、復元經驗以及促進復元之因素。本研究以八位民間單位婚暴社工為對象，運用深度訪談法蒐集資料，研究結果發現如下： 一、 本研究發現婚暴社工面臨的挫折與壓力有四個來源，分別為「工作上的挫折與壓力」、「來自個案的挫折與壓力」、「媒體報導」以及「現行家暴體制」。工作上的挫折與壓力分別為：(1)與期待上的落差、(2)家暴工作的本質、(3)紀錄及行政工作；來自個案的挫折與壓力有：(1)個案改變意願不高、拒絕服務、(2)個案反覆、(3)個案質疑、威脅、重大案件、(4)精神疾患；源自現行家暴體制中的挫折與壓力有：(1)人力不足、(2)網絡合作壓力、(3)重大事件的檢討制度。 二、 本研究發現婚暴社工的復元經驗包含工作上的復元以及生活上的復元。工作上的復元包括：工作上的轉念、看待個案的方式、工作模式的改變以及對社工價值的肯定。在生活上的復元包括：正向能量提升、關係改變、教育子女方式改變以及自身的改變。 三、 促進婚暴社工復元的因素有四，分別為「個案部分」、「正式資源」、「非正式資源」以及「社工本身的因素」。個案部分包括：(1)看見個案復元、(2)個案本身的力量、(3)個案回饋；正式資源部分包括：(1)組織協助、(2)督導制度、(3)同儕部分、(4)網絡單位、(5)教育訓練；在非正式資源部分包括：(1)家人的支持、(2)朋友的支持、(3)信仰；社工本身的因素包括：(1)社工轉念、(2)社工特質、(3)社工自我覺察。 四、 本研究歸納社工學習優勢觀點及復元歷程，發現社工將學習優勢觀點視為復元的一部份，因此有「學習期」、「衝撞期」到「成長復元期」。在成長復元期時，正向能量會不斷上升，然而情緒仍會受外在事件影響，只是撫平情緒的速度加快。 五、 本研究之發現，有助於規畫如何發揮現有資源之功能，促進社工員復元。研究者據以針對婚暴社工本身及組織部分提出建議。 / The study aimed to explore the process, and facilitating factors of recovery among social workers in the field of partner abuse. The aspects addressed included the adversities social workers encountered, the recovery experiences and the facilitating factors of recovery. The investigator in depth interviewed eight social workers in NGO. The results are as follows: 1. The results indicated that social workers in the field of partner abuse may encounter four types of work related pressure and frustration : on work、from client、media coverage、and the system of domestic violence. Work related pressure and the frustration include: the gap between expectation and results, the property of domestic violence, work load of case recording and administration; the pressure and the frustration from client includ: lack of motivation for change or receiving services, clients couldn’t make up their mind, client distrust and serious event, and mental disorders. The system related pressure and frustration includ: insufficient social workers, pressure from service network, and the institution review on serious event. 2. The results indicated that social workers may have two types of recovery: work and life. The recovery on work included: reconstruction on their work and clients, changing working model, and reaffirming the value of social work. The recovery on life included: positive power increased, their relationship improved, changing the way of discipling their children and themselves. 3. There are four types of facilitating factors: client, formal resources, unformal resources, and social works. Client related factors includ: clients’ recovery, seeing the power of clients, clients’ feedbacks. Formal resources related factors includ: assistance from the organization, supervision, peer support, the service network, and training. Unformal resources related factors includ: support from family and friends, and spiritual faith. The social works related factors includ: reconstruction, the characteristics of social worker, and self awareness. 4. The process of recovery starts from the “learning stage”,” collide stage” to “growth and recovery stage”. On the growth and recovery stage, the positive energy increased, social workers’ mood would still influenced by external events, and yet could regain peace in a shorter time. 5. The above mentioned facilitating factors of recovery could be useful for planning future employee assistance program. Some suggestions are provided for social workers and NGO.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(工学) / 乙第13197号 / 論工博第4169号 / 新制||工||1701(附属図書館) / (主査)教授 西山 峰広, 教授 竹脇 出, 教授 河野 広隆 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

本研究旨在探討以優勢觀點為基礎之社會工作實施場域中，社會工作者與情感性精神疾病個案助人關係歷程、雙向復元因素與意涵，與不同組織政策與文化對雙向復元之影響，進一步形成實務場域中助人關係與雙向復元之建議與策略。 　　本研究運用質性研究深度訪談法與詮釋現象學觀點，採立意與滾雪球抽樣，使用半結構式訪談大綱與研究者於田野之互動與觀察，再現八名受訪者（五名優勢觀點社工、三位情感性精神疾病個案）之生活經驗，回歸現象本質綜觀與探討。 　　本研究主要發現如下： 一、情感性精神疾病的重新詮釋：社會工作者正視個案憂鬱或躁狂發作而產生生理、心理與社會的排除，將疾病常態化、普同化，並經由多面向的宏觀檢視以打破原本負面框架與預設立場，包含：1.給予自殺的生命解套—給予選擇與自我決定；2.賦予反覆訴說的意義—重新詮釋生命的機會。 二、歷經「隧道」、不斷攀升—助人關係發展之歷程：歸納優勢觀點社會工作者與情感性精神疾病個案發展助人關係之歷程，可分為想像期、建立期、考驗期、合作期與復元期五大階段，形塑「穿越生命隧道之旅」般的助人關係意象，並發現差序格局文化下的助人關係連續體之特色。 三、雙向復元的實質意涵：由個案「置身死地而後生」與社會工作者「從助人意義中回觀自我」的復元經驗中，歸納「雙向復元」之實質意義與內涵，是一種助人關係與個人內、外在情境三者交互作用而成的超越狀態與主體終極目標，影響成因包含個人、人際與環境三大層面和七個項目。 四、組織政策與文化對雙向復元之影響：不同組織政策與文化之對雙向復元具有實質之影響，分析受訪社會工作者所屬的機構內部可發現「考驗」與「支持」的態樣，後者不但創造充分的人際支持與成長環境，更能促進社會工作者的復元、提升個案服務品質與績效、穩定社工流動率。 依據上述研究發現，提出以下建議： 一、情感性精神疾病個案之助人關係策略：1.增強個體權能：擱置並轉化問題、充分尊重與信任、著力優勢與能力、累積成功經驗、創造選擇性。2.善用關係影響：借重家庭的影響力、保持助人關係中的接觸與等待、建立分享與互惠的彈性關係、善用權力落差形成改變。3.導入環境資源：地緣與文化的親近性、開放的會談地點與時間、連結資源與網絡合作。 二、正視雙向復元之目標：回歸自身被忽略的正向經驗，賦予生命及工作狀態之意義，個案或社會工作者復元的同時也使對方進一步昇華和復元，像漣漪效應般能擴及旁人，間接影響家庭與社會系統，啟動整體社會文化的善循環。 三、機構推動優勢觀點模式之建議：瞭解如何有效學習並運用優勢觀點模式、適度激勵並給予充分支持、提供合理的保障與實質誘因。 四、未來研究之建議：瞭解情感性精神疾病之特性並有所應變、具備接近田野之管道並增加研究對象的多元性、學習與受訪對象共創新的復元價值。 / The study aimed to explore the process, elements and meanings of mutual recovery for social workers and the clients with mood disorder, the organizational influences on the mutual recovery, and to propose strategies for mutual recovery for social workers. The methodology adopted in this study was hermeneutic phenomenology. Using purposive/ snowball sampling, the researcher interacted, observed, and in-depth interviewed the participants using a semi-structured interview guide. Though this process, the living experiences of the eight interviewees (five strengths-based social workers and three clients with mood disorder) were represented to reveal the nature of the phenomenon of mutual recovery. The major discoveries of this study include: 1.Re-definition of mood disorder: social workers could recognize the consequence of clients being seriously excluded from the society due to their depressive or manic episode; they helped the clients to normalize their disease, as well as to break their own negative assumptions toward the disorder. The tactics that they used were such as like：a) Providing relief to suicide–personal choice and self-determination, b) giving meaning to repetitive narratives– opportunity to redefine life. 2.“Tunnel” process, continuing to rise, the process of helping relationship: the process of strength-based social workers in developing relationship with clients with mood disorder could be categorized into five stages: imagination stage, development stage, challenge stage, cooperation stage, and recovery stage. Hence, the nature of helping relationship was like “going through the life tunnel” . The characteristics of such a relationship reflected the differential association continuum among Chinese culture. 3.Essential meaning of mutual recovery: For the clients, the recovery experiences were as if being brought back to life. For the social workers, they rediscovered of themselves in the meaning of assisting others. The real meaning and essence of mutual recovery could be summed up as the interaction of within a person, internal and external environment, and in turn further shaping the transcendental force to help acquire the life goal. Moreover, those goal were affected by personal, relational and environmental factors. 4.Organizational influences on mutual recovery: by analyzing the effects of organizational policies and cultures on mutual recovery, we found that “supportive surrounding” creates an environment which was better for the development of interpersonal relationship than an “challenging surrounding”. The former could help facilitate the recovery and performance of social workers, as well as decrease the turnover rate of social workers. Based on these findings, we propose: 1.Strategy for forming the helping relationship with clients with mood disorder: 1) empowering individual: letting go and transform problems into respect, trust, and focusing on advantages, capabilities, and successful experiences to create options. 2) Better utilizing the effects of interpersonal relationship: by using the influences from family, maintaining the contacts in interpersonal relationship, building mutual and flexible relationship, and using the power differentiation to facilitate changes. 3) Introducing resources from surrounding: an open location and timing that connect the clients/social workers with their surrounding and culture, and enabling the linkage of resources and networks. 2.Emphasizing mutual recovery: stressing the positive experiences that were over sighted previously and finding meaning to life and work status. The recovery of the clients and social workers will further influence their families and the whole social system, and create a benign cycle accordingly. 3.Suggestions for organizations in promoting the strength-based model: to learn the effective ways of learning and applying strengths-based models, giving adequate encouragement and support, and providing reasonable assurance and incentives. 4.Recommendations for future research: should understand the characteristics of mood disorder and know how to handle the situations, to expand the sources of participants, and to have the intention of creating the new meaning of recovery with participants.

當受虐婦女欲尋求協助時，初始多以非正式支持網絡為主要求助管道，其中，家庭支持為最具情感性與義務性之協助。援此，本研究先瞭解臺灣受虐婦女家庭支持的經驗，從而分析影響受虐婦女家庭支持的原因，並以質性研究深入訪談七位受虐婦女，運用復元觀點於此問題向度，研究結果發現如下： 一、依受虐婦女獲得的家庭支持功能類型，整理發現情緒性支持為三種功能類型中最重要的一種；資訊性支持中家人最常以「提供想法與建議」做為支持的方式，顯見婦女需要與信任的支持者討論行動策略；工具性支持則為三種功能型態中，最實質可視的協助。 二、影響家庭支持型態因素，前人研究多以負向特質描述受虐婦女，本研究從微視層面觀點發現除了兩樣被動面特質外，受虐婦女有相當多正向主動面特質；此外，受虐婦女其主要支持者的個人特質，主要為「船錨」的角色，提供婦女一種歸屬感，帶給婦女穩定與安定的力量。中介層面觀點探究家庭系統、家庭互動關係與家庭權力關係，研究發現「長輩」或「手足」為受虐婦女的主要支持者，且手足排行序會影響誰成為婦女的主要家庭支持者。此外，家中掌權者多為主要支持者，其同時會影響其他家庭成員提供支持多寡，及影響受虐婦女因應暴力的態度；在家庭權力關係中：1)「婦女為家庭位階最低者，而支持者為家庭位階最高者」，其之間的權力關係差距最大；2)「同一位階或位階接近者」，因彼此間緊密的親情情感，成為時常頻繁聯繫的家庭成員，因此亦能成為婦女的主要支持者；同時受虐婦女均自覺於原生家庭中的權力位階為最低或者相對較低。鉅視層面探討扭曲與偏頗的價值觀念會負面影響受虐婦女其家人提供支持的意願，且結果發現這些負面影響主要為婆婆的回應方式與想法；正面影響除了有正面加強作用外，亦可能扭轉婦女自身負面的傳統觀念，協助受虐婦女走出暴力情境。 三、本研究依據受虐婦女於復元統合模式之復元指標達成的數量，將受訪者劃分為完全復元型、半復元型與初學型，並發現家庭支持對受虐婦女正面影響的主要效應，為促使受虐婦女前往復元道路邁進的動力因子；同時具有舒緩受虐婦女生活壓力之負面排除的緩衝效應。 本研究深入探討臺灣受虐婦女家庭支持之功能、影響家庭支持的因素，及家庭支持促進復元的作用機制。結果顯示家庭支持的作用對於受虐婦女而言，是能夠促使其復元的重要力量之一，研究成果能夠對目前協助受虐婦女復元的工作提供參考依據，以作為臺灣受虐婦女復元之本土經驗參考。 / When abused women seek help, the main way is informal support network at first, in the meanwhile, the family support is the most emotional and responsible support. Therefore, this study discussed the experience of abused women obtained the family support in Taiwan and analyzed the causes of the influence on the family support for abused women. This study adopted Nature research to in-depth interview seven abused women and then used Recovery to analyze the problems. The research results were shown as follow. 1. According to the result in this study, the emotional support is the most important among three types of the function of the family support. In the information support, the family often adopt “providing ideas and suggestions” as supports for abused women. This indicates that abused women need to discuss the action strategies with reliance supporters. The instrumental support is the most substantial and visible support among all types of the function. 2. When discussing the causes of influence of the family support states, many researchers described the situation of abused women based on negative traits. In this study, the results on the micro-level showed that abused women had not only two passive traits but also many positive traits. Besides, the main supporter of abused women played a role as “anchor”, and he/she provided the sense of belonging to abused women for the stable and peace power. On the meso-level, this study discussed the family system, family interaction and familial power relations. The results indicated that “elder” or “sibling” would be the main supporter, and “birth order” would affect the person becoming abused women’s main supporter. In addition, the power holders in a family were mostly the main supporters; moreover, they would have an influence on the support from other family members and the attitude of abused women to cope with the violence. For familial power relations: 1) “Abused women were the lowest family hierarchy; the supporters were the highest family hierarchy”. The difference of the power relation between these two hierarchies was largest. 2) “Abused women and the supporters were the same or close family hierarchy”. Because of the close kinship between them and the frequently contacting to each other, the supporters would also be the main supporters. Furthermore, abused women became conscious that their family hierarchies were the lowest or the lower hierarchy in the original family. On the macro-level, this study discussed that the distorted and biased values would be the negative influence on that if the family were willing to provide support. The results indicated that the negative influences were mostly obtained from the mother-in-law’s responses and thoughts. The positive influence would be positive reinforcement effect and could reverse the negative and traditional concepts of the abused women, and it would help abused women to leave violence situations. 3. According to the recovery target of the Unity Model of Recovery which abused women achieved, the respondents were divided into full-recovery, semi-recovery and novitiate recovery. The results indicated that the main effect of the positive influence from the family support to abused women was the power factor to promote abused women toward the recovery. The positive influence could also mitigate abused women’s life stress and be the buffer effect to obviate the negatives. This study deeply discussed the function of the family support for abused women, the causes of the influence on the family support and the mechanism for the family support promoting abused women to the recovery. The results showed that the family support was the important power for abused women to recovery. The contributions of this study are to provide the conference for the recovery work of abused women and the local experiences of the recovery of abused women in Taiwan.

Kyoto University (京都大学) / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第14149号 / 工博第2983号 / 新制||工||1443(附属図書館) / 26455 / UT51-2008-N466 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市環境工学専攻 / (主査)教授 田中 仁史, 教授 竹脇 出, 准教授 西山 峰広 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当

目前國內針對精神障礙者就業相關文獻，主要著重於就業影響因素。因此，本研究以復元統合模式為架構，探究精神障礙者在職業抉擇歷程裡有哪些影響因子以及其與復元之關係。本研究為理解精神障礙者如何解讀自己曾經歷的職業抉擇歷程，採半結構訪談之方式訪談七位具有多年就業經驗的精神障礙者，研究結果如下： 1.精神障礙者職業抉擇影響因素包含： (1)個人因素：清楚身體現況、過去就業經驗、職業倦怠。 (2)家庭因素：家人促進職涯發展情況與家人阻礙職涯發展情況。 (3)非正式支持因素：朋友與宗教組織提供就業資訊與建議。 (4)工作環境因素：交通、工作穩定性、職場友善度、工作機會。 (5)正式支持因素：就業服務單位協助轉介、就業服務員之協助。 (6)社會大眾汙名化：雇主對於精神障礙者的不友善、民眾對於精神障礙者的偏見與歧視、疾病自我汙名化。 2.職業抉擇歷程與復元：從受訪者的生命故事裡得知精神障礙者的求職之路蜿蜒迂迴，呼應復元是一個來來回回的過程。而本研究發現雖然工作動機並不一定影響精神障礙者的職業選擇，但在復元過程裡是重要激發強健心理能量的來源。本研究亦看到生涯成熟度對於精神障礙者職業選擇的影響。 3.精神障礙者就業與復元：精神障礙者在參與工作的過程裡，會發展個人策略及尋求相關資源協助，從而增強工作效能。而穩定就業讓精神障礙者得以提高生涯自主性、開始關注生活品質，及具有回饋社會的能力，這都是一種復元的展現。 最後，研究者結合上述研究結果與復元統合模式，嘗試繪製出精神障礙者職業抉擇與復元統合模式之關係，並提出本研究限制與建議，提供精神障礙者、精神障礙者之家屬、服務提供者和政策制定者。 / This research has based on the unity model of recovery to explore the factors affecting career choice of people with mental disorder, as well as to illustrate the relations between these factors and one’s recovery. Departing from domestic correlational literature that mostly underlines the factors impacting employment of people with mental illness, this study aims to shed new light on this research area by employing the framework above. Thereupon, semi-structured interviews are conducted with 7 interlocutors of multi-year working experiences to establish elaborated understandings of their self-narratives on the career choice process. The findings are: 1.Factors influencing the career choice of people with mental illness are as follows: (1)Personal factor: including clear understanding of personal health condition, past employment experiences, and occupational burnout. (2)Family factor: varied conditions where family members may be encouraging or discouraging in one’s career development. (3)Informal supporting factor: such as employment information and advices from friends or religious organizations. (4)Work environment factor: including transportation convenience, job stability, workplace friendliness, and job opportunities. (5)Formal supporting factor: referral from employment service providers, assistance from employment service officers. (6)Public stigma: such as antagonistic attitudes received from employers, prejudice and discrimination from the public, and even more, self-stigma one experiencing. 2.Career choice process and recovery: From the life stories disclosed by the interlocutors, their twist-and-turn paths toward employment could clearly be seen, echoing that of the recovery “is not a perfectly linear process”. Although work motivation might not be the determining cause of their career choice, it is crucial for inciting mental strength during recovery process. Furthermore, this research has also demonstrated the influence of career maturity towards career choice of people with mental disorder. 3.Employment and recovery: During their participation in employment, people with mental illness would develop personal strategies and seek for assistance from related resources in order to thrive at work environment. Moreover, stable employment aids one’s recovery in many ways, such as promoting one’s career autonomy, instilling life qualities, and also strengthening one’s potential to give back to the society. In accordance with the findings mentioned above, this study has made an attempt to depict the relations between career choices of people with mental illness and the unity model of recovery. Lastly, research limitations along with suggestions for further research are subsequently raised, in the hope of serving as a reference for them with mental illness, their families, mental health services providers, and policy makers.

本研究以復元觀點探討思覺失調症青少年的生活適應，將適應區分初發病、生病後及現況三階段，分析其(1)身、心、社會功能的轉變，以及與環境系統之互動情形；(2)影響生活適應之因素；(3)促進復元之因素；(4)復元結果。本研究採半結構訪談之方式，訪談十位思覺失調症青少年，研究結果如下： 一、思覺失調症青少年之生活適應 疾病初發階段，就罹病青少年而言，疾病因應策略分為五種：「轉移注意力」、「問題解決」、「情緒導向」、「調適」與「無法處理」，並因疾病而從學校撤退，此外，青少年對發病原因傾向自我歸因與內省。家庭系統，在缺少疾病衛教的情形下，家屬與罹病青少年一同經歷混亂與無助，但仍展現出多重求助行為。醫院系統，醫生著重病理症狀控制，缺少疾病衛教與情緒支持，然而，住院經驗並非完全負向，亦具正向影響。 生病後，就罹病青少年而言，疾病對其身、心、社會功能的影響相當廣泛，但也帶給其覺醒與成長的契機。家庭系統，家屬對青少年的互動關係與教養方式會產生正向變化，但家屬之疾病態度與因應策略卻包含正、負向。學校系統，青少年與同儕交往的深淺，易受疾病汙名影響；老師對疾病的態度與因應方式亦可區分為正、負向。復健系統，參與復健可提供罹病青少年場域的轉換，協助其疾病穩定與調適。 青少年與疾病共生的過程，會嘗試運用資源與優勢，與環境達到良好的適配；在疾病因應上發展出更多正向力量，學會使用「問題解決」策略，也從單一因應策略，發展到多重策略。此時青少年仍對未來充滿希望，並展現出他們渴望獨立自主，不讓家人擔心的成熟。 二、影響生活適應之因素 1.個人層面：人格特質與疾病因應策略。 2.家庭及非正式網絡：家人言論、支持、態度與疾病因應策略，以及同 儕互動方式。 3.正式網絡：老師關懷、給予彈性與連結輔導資源、醫護人員互動方式 與疾病衛教、精神復健機構之處遇模式、住院過程。 4.社會汙名：經驗到來自雇主或同學的歧視，影響青少年的自我評價與 疾病接納度。 三、促進復元之因素 1.正式支持：經濟因素、處境改變、參與復健、專業人員協助、穩定就 業。 2.非正式支持：網友支持、休閒娛樂。 3.復元三大基石：症狀減緩、信念與態度、家庭支持。 四、生活適應歷程中的復元 依據復元統合模式之復元指標達成的數量，本研究有五位思覺失調症青少年目前為完全復元型、四位半復元型和一位初學型，分別展現不同的內在力量，呈現出「優遊自在」、「學習與調適」與「挫折與探索」的人生，而激發其改變與成長的轉捩點為「自我覺醒」與「參與復健」。思覺失調症青少年具復元的可能性，不僅是為了克服障礙而發展因應策略，更是超越障礙與追求自主性的展現。 最後，研究者結合上述研究結果，嘗試繪製出思覺失調症青少年之復元統合模式，並提出本研究限制與建議，提供學校、心理衛生醫護人員、服務提供者、青少年病患之家屬與未來研究者參考。 / This study aimed to use perspective of recovery to explore the life adjustment of adolescents with schizophrenia and distinguish the process of life adjustment into the initial, stable and current three stages, discussed (a) the respondents’ bio-psycho-social function changes and the interaction with the environment system；(b) the related factors of life adjustment；(c) the facilitating factors of recovery, and(d)the respondents’ result of recovery. This research adopted a semi-structured interview to interview ten adolescents with schizophrenia. The study results are as follows： 一、The life adjustment of adolescents with schizophrenia In the initial stage, for the respondents, their illness coping strategies can be divided into five types：distraction, problem-focused, emotion-focused, accommodation and unable to handle, and they drop-out of school because of illness. Besides, respondents tend to self-attribution and introspection of the cause of the illness. In the family system, because of the lack of patient education situation, the family experience chaos and helplessness with the respondents either, but also show multiple help-seeking behavior. In the hospital system, doctors focus on the control of symptoms, lack of patient education and emotional support；however, the experience of hospitalization is not completely negative and it also has positive influence. In the stable stage, for the respondents, the illness has a wide range of effects on their bio-psycho-social function, but it also provided them an opportunity to awaken and grow. In the family system, the parenting style and relationship between respondents and their family have a positive change, but the attitudes toward illness and coping strategies of the family included positive and negative types.In the school system, the depth of relationship between respondents and peers are easily influenced by illness stigma, and teachers’ attitudes toward illness and coping strategies also include positive and negative types. Participate in rehabilitation can provide the respondents the conversion of the field to help them stabilize and accommodate illness. For respondents, it is a symbiotic process with illness, respondents will try to use resources and advantages to achieve a good fit with the environment and develop more strength to cope illness. They also learned to use " problem-focused " strategy and from using single strategy changed to use multi-strategies. At this moment, respondents are still hopeful for the future and long for independence, they are mature enough to not let their families worry. 二、There are four types of factors that influenced the life adjustment： 1.Personal factors：characteristics and illness coping strategies. 2.Family and informal network：speech, support, attitude and illness coping strategies from family and peer interaction. 3.Formal network：Teachers provide care, flexibility and connect counseling resources. Interaction with mental health practitioners and patient education. Treatment modes from psychiatric rehabilitation agencies. Hospitalization process/experience. 4.Social stigma：Discrimination from employers or classmates influenced respondents’ self-evaluation and acceptance for illness. 三、There are three types of factors that facilitate recovery： 1.Formal support：financial issue, change for status, participate in rehabilitation, assistance from professionals, employment. 2.Informal support：net-pals support and entertainment. 3.Three cornerstones of recovery：symptom remission, faith /attitude and family support. 四、The recovery from life adjustment of adolescents with schizophrenia According to the recovery target of the unity model of recovery which adolescents with schizophrenia achieved, they were divided into three recovery stages：five are full-recovery, four are semi-recovery, one is novitiate recovery, and they also show different mental strengths respectively which presented " comfort and leisure", "learning and accommodation" and "frustration and exploration" of life. Besides, the turning points which inspired respondents to change and grow are "self-awareness" and "participation in rehabilitation". Adolescents with schizophrenia have the potential for recovery, they not only developed coping strategies to overcome obstacles, but also presented how they transcended obstacles and pursued autonomy. Finally, according to the results, the investigator came up a recovery unity model suited for the adolescents with schizophrenia, and discussed the limitations of this study and the advices for school system, mental health practitioners, service providers, the family and future researchers.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第23152号 / 工博第4796号 / 新制||工||1750(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科建築学専攻 / (主査)教授 竹脇 出, 教授 大崎 純, 教授 池田 芳樹 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

本論文採以「復元」概念，試圖瞭解原住民在經歷到生涯發展中的阻礙與創傷後，如何進行調適與重新得力的經驗。研究設計採取敘事研究法對四位布農族原住民的生涯故事進行蒐集與分析，並有四點發現：首先，原住民的生涯發展可區分為「家庭生活」與「自我實現」兩條軸線，且均呈現螺旋攀升的形式發展；其次，原住民在生涯故事中的敘說風格採以「開拓家」、「悲劇英雄」、「幸運份子」與「被犧牲者」四種建構位置的交替，並在單一生涯主題上，會隨時間與情境而有位置的改變，或因為不同的生涯主題，而同時擁有複數的位置；第三，原住民生涯故事中的創傷主題具有族群的特殊性，共包括「貧窮」、「父係社會下的角色規範」、「學校與部落價值觀的脫節」、「原漢關係的衝突」、「酗酒問題」、「家庭暴力」，以及「其他生涯議題」等七項；最後，促進原住民從生涯創傷中復元的因子，則可歸納出「個人優勢」、「人際關係」、「環境資源」與「文化與靈性」四類，而類別當中的個別復元促進因子會隨情境而被激發或發揮不同功能，且單一因子即可能觸發不同類別間因子的連鎖反應。作者根據研究結果，對原住民族助人工作提出實務上和政策上的建議。 / This research takes “Recovery” concept to describe and understand experiences of Taiwanese indigenous people who made a recovery from career barriers and traumas. Research design takes narrative research to collect and analyze four indigenous Bunun persons’ career development stories. And main findings are as follows. First, axes of indigenous persons’ career development stories could be generalized to “Family life” and “self-fulfillment” two topics, and both development forms tend to spiral upward. Second, interviewees take four narrative positions to construct self in their stories, including “Pioneer”, “Tragedy hero”, “Lucky guy” and “Scapegoat”, but these positions are often shifted because of the time or situations changes, and one person could have plural positions on different topics at the same time. Third, career traumas in stories include “Poverty”, “Role norms under the patriarchal society ”, “Values disconnection between the schools and the tribes”, “Relationship conflict between the Hans and indigenous peoples”, “Alcoholism”, “Domestic violence” and “Other issues”, the specific effects from ethic group background are appeared on all of these trauma issues. Fourth, the conducive factors to recovery from career traumas are widely distributed over “Personal strengths”, “Interpersonal relationships”, “Environmental resources” and “Culture and Spirituality” areas, each factor could be aroused or created by situations, and every single factor can leads others to make chain reaction. Base on above findings, author gives advice on policy making and practice work for indigenous people’ career development.

名古屋大学年代測定総合研究センターシンポジウム報告