本文係以抽樣調查的方式，探就現今本省國民小學，因所在地區、規模大小之不同， 是否會造成各校在教育素質有關因素 (包括設傭、教師、經費、行政領導、學生及社 區家庭六個因素) 方面的差異？進而提出改進建議，供有關教育當局參考，以促使國 民小學教育能更符合教育機會均等的原則。全文共一冊，分為五章十七節，約九萬字 。第一章結論，包括研究動機、研究目的、研究問題及重要名詞詮釋；第二章有關文 獻探討；第三章研究方法，包括研究對象、研究工具及研究步驟；第四章調查結果與 討論；第一章結論與建議。

第一章結論，敘述本研究之動機、目的與本研究中重要名詞之詮釋。第二章文獻探討 ，分別從學前教育與學業成就，及家庭社經地位與學業成就二方面，探討過去學者的 研 究結果，藉以瞭解過去研究的方向，並據以提出本研究之假設。第三章研究設計，包 括研究問題與假設、研究樣本、研究工具、實施程序、資料處理五節。第四章研究結 果，將本研究資料之變異數分析及多元階梯回歸分析結果，加以說明，用以驗證本研 究之假設。第五章為結論與建議。 本研究之目的在探討學齡兒童之家庭社經地位高低，以及其是否會接受學前教育，對 其學業成就之影響。研究結果供作我國學前教育發展、改進之參考，以期教育機會均 等理想之實現。

第一章緒論：旨在說明研究的動機與內容。 第二章民生主義教育思想：研討民生主義教育的中心思想，以其做為發展幼稚教育的 理論為依據。 第三章我國幼稚教育的概況：首論幼稚教育發展的原因，再分析現況，明膫目前幼稚 教育實際情形。 第四章當今幼稚教育若干重大問題之研討：本章乃針對當今幼稚教育方面實際的問題 ，提出討論，以做為提高幼稚教育素質所須注意之要項。 第五章我國幼稚教育的發展途徑：本立分別從立法、教育機會均等、制度之確立等方 面，提出具體建議，促使我國幼稚教育正常發展，以發揚民生主義的宏旨；俾益教育 我國民族碩壯之幼苗。

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Government and Public Administration

接受高等教育被視為實現人生夢想的重要里程，政府如何能保障具有就讀高等教育能力者，不因其經濟問題而喪失就讀機會，助學機制實為重要措施之一。而教育政策執行成效的良窳實需透過評鑑實施據以分析。有鑑於現行評鑑模式多僅強調成果，對於其理論、過程及目標等無法分析，致評鑑成效受限。是以，本研究旨在透過「理論導向評鑑模式」，檢視我國高等教育助學機制所規劃的理論、目標達成及因果關係等模式是否獲得認同。透過問卷調查及訪談法，針對大學校院1,120人進行抽樣，並採取立意取樣方式邀請學者專家、行政人員與學生代表等7位人士進行訪談。本研究獲致結論如下：（1）高等教育助學機制透過教育機會均等與教育成本分擔理論所規劃出來的目標達成模式獲得認同；（2）高等教育助學機制透過教育機會均等與教育成本分擔理論所形成出來的因果關係模式獲得認同；（3）高等教育助學機制提出的教育機會均等與教育成本分擔理論模式獲得模式驗證；（4）高等教育助學機制的執行情形存在理想高於落實的差異。最後，本研究建議高等教育助學機制推動應強化執行層面的落實，並可致力於理論導向評鑑模式架構之確立，以作為後續政策評鑑工具之用。 / Receiving higher education is considered an important milestone in the course of realizing one’s dream in life. However, how can the government protect those students who are capable of pursuing higher education from losing the opportunity due to their financial problems? The financial aid mechanism is one of its important measures. And the effectiveness of implementation of an educational policy indeed needs to be analyzed by means of evaluation. However, many of the current evaluation models focus only on the results of the implementation of a policy but fail to analyze its theories, process, and goals; consequently, the effectiveness of the evaluation is limited. Therefore, through a “theory-driven evaluation model,” this study aims to review whether the theories of the higher education financial aid mechanism in Taiwan, its goal-achieving pattern and its causal connection pattern are recognized by the subjects. Totally 1,120 college students were sampled and surveyed with a questionnaire and, by means of purposive sampling, seven people, including scholars and experts, administrative staff members and student representatives, were interviewed. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. The goal-achieving pattern formulated by our higher education financial aid mechanism, based on the theories of equality of educational opportunity and sharing of educational cost, were recognized; 2. The causal connection pattern formed by our higher education financial aid mechanism, based on the theories of equality of educational opportunity and sharing of educational cost, were recognized; 3. The theoretical models of equality of educational opportunity and sharing of educational cost proposed by the financial aid mechanism of our higher education were validated. 4. There is a discrepancy between the ideal and its practice in implementing the higher education financial aid mechanism. Finally, this study proposes that more emphasis should be put on the practical implementation of the higher education financial aid mechanism and that an effort should be made to establish a complete theory-driven evaluation model, which may serve as a policy evaluation tool for future use.