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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

指數基金追蹤模型的最佳化 / A Tracking Model for Index Fund Portfolio Optimization

白惠琦 Unknown Date (has links)
指數基金係提供投資者追隨市場指數成長的投資工具,且投資者僅需考量市場風險即可,其建構方式有完全複製法、分層法、抽樣法、及最佳化法。本論文使用目標規劃模型建構指數基金,此法可歸類為最佳化法。由於模型中每種股票的投資數量設為整數變數,加上控制股票種類數量的0-1變數,因此所建構的目標規劃模型為混合型整數線性規劃問題。此問題在大尺度模型時往往無法求得其最佳解,我們研究此模型的結構提出一組縮小解集合空間的合理不等式,應用切面法加入必需的不等式後再根據本模型的對偶性質發展出有效率的啟發式演算法,最後將此模型及演算法應用在模擬台灣發行量加權股價指數。 / Index fund is an investment tool which tracks a stock-market index and thus is associated with market risk only. Its attraction to investors is low investment risk and low administrative expenses. Four different approaches to index fund construction can be classified as full replication, stratification, sampling, and optimizing respectively. In this thesis, we construct an index fund via the goal programming model with the optimizing approach. The model can be formulated as a mixed integer linear programming. The exact optimal solution can not be obtained when the model becomes large. We then develop a valid inequality and use this valid inequality to develop a cutting plane method. We also propose an efficient heuristic by adopting the dual property. Finally, an empirical study applying to the Taiwan Stock Exchange Capitalization Weighted Stock Index is given to show the efficiency of the algorithm.
42

數量目標與通貨膨脹 / Quantitative targets and inflation

梁致遠 Unknown Date (has links)
本文使用Koenker(2004)的追蹤資料分量迴歸方法分析貨幣政策當局採取官方宣告的(de jure)數量目標(Quantitative targets)與事實上的(de facto)數量目標對於通貨膨脹率之影響。我們分析50個國家在1960年到2007年間的追蹤資料。 實證結果發現數量目標對通貨膨脹的影響為負向,同時,通貨膨脹越高的國家,其負向效果影響也越大,通貨膨脹越低的國家,則其負向效果影響越小。此結果顯示貨幣政策當局想藉由採取數量目標來降低通貨膨脹率,若該國處於高通貨膨脹環境,則數量目標可以發揮較大的效果,反之,若該國處於適度通貨膨脹環境,則數量目標效果有限。
43

追蹤不同成長目標線投資組合的分析與比較 / Analysis and Comparison of Tracking Difference Growth Benchmark Portfolio

周靜慧 Unknown Date (has links)
建立追蹤成長目標線的投資組合可以建構成混合整數非線性數學規劃模型,本論文針對數學規劃模型內幾個影響追蹤目標線效果的因素加以研究,透過調整目標線成長率、內樣本觀測長度及時間參數來進行探討。考慮實務上的限制,在建立追蹤成長目標線的投資組合模型中加入交易成本及放空股票限制。最後,以台灣股票市場作為實證研究對象加以分析。實證結果顯示報酬率在20%以下、內樣本長度在30週左右追蹤誤差達到最小,此外,沒有明顯的證據顯示加入時間參數能使建立的投資組合有較小的追蹤誤差。
44

壽險商品費用收取之分析

浦中敏 Unknown Date (has links)
壽險商品在訂價時使用的假設因子很多,在不同的情況下,會有不同的變化。想要簡單的衡量商品的價格是貴或者便宜,是相當不容易的。本文僅以保戶最直覺的「費用收取」高低的觀點,利用壽險商品「費用率」對保戶「保單價值」權益影響的變化,進行分析、觀察與比較。以三個主題分別探討現在壽險市場上有關費用收取的三個實務狀況。 首先選取8家壽險公司,分析同一壽險公司銷售的平準終身壽險與投資型終身壽險之附加費用率,再觀察保戶保單價值與身故保障給付的差異。從分析報表中發現,現行壽險市場銷售的商品,投資型終身壽險的附加費用率是較低於平準終身壽險的。 第二個探討的主題,是指出有些投資型壽險商品,讓保戶自訂「目標保險費」,卻又收取高額的附加費用率,是不合理的現象。建議保戶購買此類型商品時,可以選擇訂定最低目標保費。 最後探討的是附加費用率與解約費用率的相關性,利用香港實際的保單說明,壽險公司在「相同的費用收取」前提下,降低附加費用率而升高解約費用率,對預備長期持有保單的客戶是比較有利的,並建議主管機關適度放寬解約費用率的限制。
45

適應性績效量表之發展及其與目標導向、前瞻人格之關係 / Adaptive performance, goal orientation and proactive personality

莊如松, Chuang,Ju-Sung Unknown Date (has links)
在快速變動的環境下,員工的工作任務、職責,以及工作關係,也產生經常性的變動,工作內容及工作績效的定義變得更為複雜與動態,組織愈來愈重視員工是否能夠有效地因應環境的變化。因此,適應性績效逐漸受到重視而成為許多學者關切的議題。相對於任務性績效以及輔助性績效,適應性績效是屬於新興的概念,其指涉的內涵以及與其他重要組織變數之間的關係,仍有許多值得探討與研究的空間。 Pulakos等學者雖然發展出工作適應性量表,但該量表尚存在諸多改進的空間,特別是關於因素結構以及建構效度的檢驗。本論文的第一個子研究,即是以更為嚴謹的量表發展程序建構適應性績效量表。透過因素分析,我們發現適應性績效可以分成應變面、學習面以及關係面等三個次構面,我們也驗證了適應性績效確實有別於傳統的任務性績效與輔助性績效而成為獨立的工作績效構面。 另外,關於預測適應性績效的前置變數也仍存有研究缺口。本論文的第二個子研究,即是探討人格特質對於適應性績效的預測力。目前為止,五大人格對適應性績效的預測力並不是很理想,而且也有不太一致的結果。本研究建議,因為適應性績效強調的是員工面對工作環境變動時所展現出來的因應與學習的行為,所以應該選用更能符合適應性績效特性的人格變數,我們特別針對目標導向及前瞻人格做探討,因其都與個人的學習以及對環境因應有關。 實證結果發現,目標導向中的學習導向,對於應變面、學習面、關係面等適應性績效都具有正向的影響。迴避導向對應變面、學習面適應性績效有負向的影響。而證明導向則是對關係面適應性績效負向的影響。至於前瞻人格與適應性績效的關係則沒有獲得實證支持。另外,研究結果也發現,工作自主性對於前瞻人格與應變面適應性績效的關係具有正向的干擾效果;而任務複雜度對於迴避導向與應變面適應性績效之間的關係也同樣具有干擾效果。 / Rapid technological developments, frequent organizational changes, and intensified global competition in the market place have increased the extent of turbulence and uncertainty in the workplace. Consequently, adaptive performance, a new topic in the field of job performance, has gained attention from academics and practitioners. Unlike task performance and contextual performance, the content and nomological network of adaptive performance is still unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study is to develop the scale of the adaptive performance, and explore the relationships among adaptive performance, goal orientation and proactive personality. We found that adaptive is a three-dimensional construct (i.e. the adaptive performance in task area, the adaptive performance in learning new skills, the adaptive performance in interpersonal relations). Our empirical data verified that adaptive performance is discriminative from task performance and contextual performance. Besides, we found that Learning Orientation is positively associated with the adaptive performance in task area, the adaptive performance in learning new skills, the adaptive performance in interpersonal relations. Avoidance Orientation is negatively associated with the adaptive performance in task area and the adaptive performance in learning new skills. Prove Orientation is negatively associated with the adaptive performance in interpersonal relations. As to relationship between proactive personality and adaptive performance, we did not found empirical support. Finally, we found that job autonomy moderates the relationship between proavtive personality and the adaptive performance in task area, task complexity moderates the relationship between avoidance orientation and the adaptive performance in task area.
46

國中教師管教信念、管教目標與管教策略關係之研究 / A Study on the Relationship between Taiwan Middle School Teachers’ Disciplinary Ideas and Their Disciplinary Goals and Strategies

陳敏瑜, Chen,Min-Yu Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在探討國中教師管教信念、管教目標與管教策略關係之研究。乃以台灣地區(不含離島)北、中、南、東四個區域的國中教師,共686人為研究對象,採用教師管教信念量表、管教目標量表、管教策略量表等研究工具,獲取所需資料,再以描述統計、皮爾森積差相關、卡方考驗、單因子變異數分析、多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析。結果發現: 1. 當前國中教師管教信念較傾向開放;在管教目標方面,最重視品德人際目標,其次為正向發展與獨立目標,最後是成就目標;而管教策略則傾向要求較少,反應較多。 2. 女性教師的管教信念比男性教師更傾向開放,且更常使用「反應」的管教策略;而不同專業背景、不同任教年資教師在管教信念以及「要求」和「反應」的管教策略則均無顯著差異存在。不過,不同人口變項(性別、專業背景、任教年資)教師的管教目標有顯著差異存在。 3. 任教於不同學校環境變項的教師,管教信念、管教目標、管教策略間有顯著差異存在。 4. 教師管教信念越傳統,較常使用「要求」的管教策略,而教師管教信念越開放,則較常使用「反應」的管教策略。此外,教師越重視「品德人際」及「正向發展與獨立」的管教目標,較常使用「反應」的管教策略。 5. 就「要求」策略來說,管教信念及師資班的專業背景,為預測教師「要求」策略的重要變項,預測力為15.2%;就「反應」策略來說,管教信念、「品德人際」以及「正向發展與獨立」的管教目標,為預測教師「反應」策略的重要變項,預測力為23.8%。 本研究根據上述研究結果加以討論,並提出數點建議,以供後續相關實務工作及研究的參考。 關鍵詞:管教信念、管教目標、管教策略 / This study is focused on the relationship between Taiwan middle school Teachers’ disciplinary ideas and their goals and strategies. Subjects are 686 middle school teachers coming from different parts of Taiwan (not including other smaller islands).This study used the Teacher’s Discipline Idea Scale, Discipline Goal Scale and Discipline Strategy Scale as research tools to obtain the necessary data. The gathered data was interpreted with the use of descriptive statistics, Pearson’s Correlation, Chi-Square, One-way ANOVA, and Multiple Regression Analysis. Findings are as such: 1. Current middle school teachers have an open minded idea towards discipline. Regarding the disciplinary goals, our surveys showed that the most important factor was to promote “good moral conduct” ,the second was to promote “self-reliance and positive development”, and the last was to “develop a sense of accomplishment”. For the discipline strategies our results showed that , “demanding” was inclined to be fewer than the “responsive” strategy. 2. Female teachers’ idea on discipline was much more open than that of male teachers, e.g. female teachers tend to use “responsive strategies” more frequently than male teachers . There were no significant difference between teachers’ different professional background and academic years being teachers when their disciplinary strategies, such as “demand” and “responsive” were compared. However, there was a significant difference between different teachers’ demography (gender, professional background, academic tenure) with the teachers’ disciplinary goals. 3. Our result showed that teachers, who taught in different schools, displayed great differences in their disciplinary ideas, goals and strategies. 4. When a teacher’s idea on discipline is more traditional, the teacher tended to use a more “demanding” discipline strategy. While, a more open teacher, tended to have a more “responsive” discipline strategy. Teachers , who enforced much importance on “good moral conduct” and “self-reliance and positive development”, tended to use “responsive” discipline strategies. 5. The correlation analysis showed that the factors such as teachers disciplinary ideas and their academic backgrounds could explain at least 15.2% of their “demanding” disciplinary strategy. On the other hand, teachers, who emphasized “good moral conduct” disciplinary ideas could explained about 23.8% of teachers’ “responsive” strategy. From those findings, we have provided some insights and suggestions that would serves as reference for further future researches and studies. Keywords: Disciplinary Ideas, Disciplinary Goals, Disciplinary Strategies
47

控制最差風險值的投資組合最佳化模型 / Portfolio Optimization Models under WCVaR Control

楊子漪 Unknown Date (has links)
本論文提出控制最差風險值與超越指數的雙目標投資組合最佳化模型,我們同時考慮兩種風險—指數追蹤的下方偏差(downside absolute deviation) 與最差風險值(worst-case value-at-risk, WCVaR)。並提出兩種不同模型,模型A針對兩者間的規避程度分別分配其權重,結合成單一目標函數的線性規劃模型。而模型B先計算出歷史資料中的WCVaR值,再以此風險值為限制式,使建立的投資組合與被追蹤指數報酬率的下方偏差降至最低的兩階段單目標線性規劃模型。我們使用台灣股票市場的資料進行實證,用以驗證兩模型之可行性與效能差異。實證結果顯示,不論是股市處於上漲、下跌或盤整階段,本模型所建立之投資組合的表現均能有效超越被追蹤指數。
48

匯率目標區體制下匯率與利率差之波動:異質民眾預期的研究

賴祈妃 Unknown Date (has links)
早期匯率目標區之研究是在政策具有完全可信度、央行採邊界干預形式及商品價格完全調整等三個假設下所成立。Krugman (1991)在此前提下,提出實行目標區政策會使匯率波動變小,但需付出利率差波動變大代價之結論。唯後續實證上卻發現:有許多實行匯率目標區的國家,其匯率與利率差兩者波動皆變大,與上述理論結果不符。因此,往後學者便陸續將這些假設逐一放寬,以求理論模型更能切合實際的資料。本文之重點,在於將政策具有完全可信度之假設放寬;在政策不具完全可信度下,分析民眾未來匯率之預期,對目標區政策成效影響,即民眾預期對匯率與利率差兩者的影響。 本文與以往文獻相異處在於:(1)假設市場上存在異質民眾的預期,分析兩類民眾相對比例的多寡,對於匯率動態走勢與利率差走勢兩者之影響。(2)討論影響異質民眾預期之因素,如將目標區寬度、民眾對貨幣當局政策敏感度、重整規模大小及市場基要偏離的大小等,以數值模擬之方法,個別探討其對於民眾比例之影響;再藉由兩類民眾比例之變化,來觀察其對匯率動態走勢與利率差走勢兩者所造成的影響。 本文結果大致歸納如下:(1)在確定性之各種邊界干預或重整規模比例小於1之匯率目標區下,匯率具有蜜月效果,且匯率與利率差的波動具抵換關係。唯當重整規模比例大於1之目標區下,匯率波動變大而不具有蜜月效果,且匯率與利率差之波動不具抵換關係。(2)在考慮民眾有邊界干預與浮動匯率之異質預期下,匯率走勢仍具有蜜月效果,且匯率與利率差之波動皆存在抵換關係。(3)在考慮民眾有邊界干預與目標區重整之異質預期下,給定信任政府的民眾比例較多或當市場基要值在中心平價附近時,匯率走勢仍具有蜜月效果,且匯率與利率差波動具有抵換關係。唯當給定信任政府的民眾比例較少或當市場基要偏離中心平價越多時,匯率波動變大,且不具蜜月效果;此外,匯率與利率差兩者亦不具抵換關係。
49

民眾對變電所用地多目標使用認知之研究-以大安超高壓變電所為例 / The study of residents' perception of multi-use for substation-Da'an extra high voltage substation as case study

詹翔諭, Chan, Hsiang Yu Unknown Date (has links)
變電所是電力的轉換站,其功能在於降低電壓並分配電力,如變電所裝置容量不足以供應地區用電需求,則會有限電、停電的風險,但由於變電所影響周遭環境景觀與房地產價值的負面外部性,以及民眾對於公共安全與電磁場危害健康的疑慮,以致民眾多不願意變電所設置在自家附近,甚至群起抗爭反對興建變電所。而變電所用地多目標使用規劃正是為了減低傳統屋外式變電所帶來的負面外部性,改善民眾對於變電所為鄰避設施的刻板印象,以期順利推動變電所興建工程,因應日益增加的用電需求,然而民眾面對興建多目標變電所的態度與立場,仍取決於其對變電所用地多目標使用的認知。 本研究關注於民眾面對台電公司興建多目標變電所的認知與行動,以社會資本理論及社會認知理論為立論基礎,選取台電公司興建中「大安超高壓變電所多目標使用大樓」為研究案例,擇其周遭一定鄰里範圍,透過問卷調查及因素分析,萃取出民眾對於多目標變電所開發案採取行動意願的影響因素為:社會網絡、信任關係、多目標使用社會認知及反對行動等四個潛在變數,後續再利用結構方程模式驗證潛在變數之間的影響關係模式,實證結果發現社會網絡對於信任關係有正向影響,信任關係對於多目標使用社會認知亦為正向影響,而多目標使用社會認知對於反對行動則為反向的影響關係。 / The substation is the switching station of electric power, the function of which is to reduce the voltage and distribute power. If the substation capacity is insufficient for the regional power demand, there is a risk of limitation of the power supply or even power failure. However, due to the fact that a substation affects the surrounding environmental landscape and has a negative effect on real estate value, added to the fact that the public has doubts over the use of electromagnetic fields as they are harmful to public safety and health, the public are generally unwilling to agree to a substation being built near their house or even actively protest it. While the planning of multi-use for substation land is designed to reduce the negative impact of a traditional outdoor substation, improve the stereotype of the substation as a NIMBY facility to the public, and expect to smoothly promote substation construction work, to respond to the increasing demand for electric power, the attitude and standpoint of the public to the multi-use substation construction still depends on the cognition of multi-use for substation land. This study focuses on the cognition and action of the public facing the multi-use substation construction of Taipower, social capital theory and social cognitive theory as the theoretical foundation. It also uses “Da'an Extra High Voltage Multi-use Substation” of Taipower under construction as the study case, and through the adoption of a questionnaire survey within a certain neighborhood range and factor analysis, extracts the action-willing influence factors of the public to the multi-use substation development case. The four latent variables of the social network, trust relationship, social cognition of multi-use for substation land, and opposing action, and then uses the structural equation model to verify the influence relation mode of latent variables. The empirical result shows social networks have a positive influence on the trust relationship, and the trust relationship also has a positive influence on the social cognition of multi-use for substation land. However, social cognition of multi-use for substation land has a negative influence on opposing action.
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應用數量方法於解決多重目標規劃問題之研究

戚樹誠, Qi, Shu-Cheng Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在提出多重目標決策理論之分析模式,并考慮實際管理者之使用,以作為管 理決策過程的有效工具。 不論個人的、組織的問題,不可避免存在不同且彼此衝突之目標。對於單一目標,傳 統作業研究理論已提供相當完整、審密的分析,然而,對於多重目標問題,則因涉及 層面遠較複雜,理論發展至近年才漸豐富,本文便研析至今之各種學說,并嘗試引入 實際決策情境討論。 全文乃以觀念性分析邏輯配合實際操作,其內容計有: 一、決策者的價值與偏好具體化-利用屬性分析及權的量度。 二、線型多目標規劃模型 三、目標規劃模型 四、互動規劃模型 五、實際操作的探討 為使其易於為管理者接受,筆者并建議在使用時宜採行的原則,以作選擇模型之參考 ,最後并提及今後的發展方向,以展望此學科邁向更嚴謹、系統化的整套理論體系。

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