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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
201

考慮信用及利率風險下之可轉債評價 / Pricing convertible bonds with credit risk and interest rate risk

凃宗旻 Unknown Date (has links)
可轉換公司債是給予持有者於債券存續期間內行使轉換為股票之複合式證券,除了債券性質外,內嵌的股票選擇權便屬於美式選擇權。而在本文中,針對內含美式選擇權的公司債評價是使用最小平方蒙地卡羅的數值分析,主要原因在於可轉債本身的條款彈性高,加上可轉債可能涉及之標的資產為兩個以上或狀態變數也可能具有多個維度(dimension)。此外,針對可轉債發行公司本身的信用問題,本文則採用縮減式(reduced-form)模型來處理其違約風險問題。依據A. Takahashi, T. Kobayashi, and N. Nakagawa認為採用結構式(structured-form)的缺點為參數難以校準,並列出下面兩論點認為使用縮減式的優點在於: 1. 違約事件將可能造成股價跳躍(jump)現象。 2. 在Duffie and Singleton方法下,資產隨機過程不必設定jump term,仍可設定為擴散過程(diffusion process)。 至於在利率期間結構方面,雖然Brennan and Schwartz(1980)認為實務上,考量利率的隨機性除了降低評價的效率性之外,與利率設定為常數相比,其差異不大。但針對為何差異不大的原因,本文認為利率對於純粹債券之價值影響為負向關係,而對於股票買權則是正向關係,故使得最後可轉債的影響則不明顯。然而,在目前「可轉債資產交換」等可轉債相關衍生性商品相繼推陳出新之下,使得可轉債的純粹債券與選擇權的個別要素評價也是相當重要。所以本文在利率風險的建構上將使用BGM模型來描述利率的隨機過程。
202

Cox模式有時間相依共變數下預測問題之研究

陳志豪, Chen,Chih-Hao Unknown Date (has links)
共變數的值會隨著時間而改變時,我們稱之為時間相依之共變數。時間相依之共變數往往具有重複測量的特性,也是長期資料裡最常見到的一種共變數形態;在對時間相依之共變數進行重複測量時,可以考慮每次測量的間隔時間相同或是間隔時間不同兩種情形。在間隔時間相同的情形下,我們可以忽略間隔時間所產生的效應,利用分組的Cox模式或是合併的羅吉斯迴歸模式來分析,而合併的羅吉斯迴歸是一種把資料視為“對象 時間單位”形態的分析方法;此外,分組的Cox模式和合併的羅吉斯迴歸模式也都可以用來預測存活機率。在某些條件滿足下,D’Agostino等六人在1990年已經證明出這兩個模式所得到的結果會很接近。 當間隔時間為不同時,我們可以用計數過程下的Cox模式來分析,在計數過程下的Cox模式中,資料是以“對象 區間”的形態來分析。2001年Bruijne等人則是建議把間隔時間也視為一個時間相依之共變數,並將其以B-spline函數加至模式中分析;在我們論文的實證分析裡也顯示間隔時間在延伸的Cox模式中的確是個很顯著的時間相依之共變數。延伸的Cox模式為間隔時間不同下的時間相依之共變數提供了另一個分析方法。至於在時間相依之共變數的預測方面,我們是以指數趨勢平滑法來預測其未來時間點的數值;利用預測出來的時間相依之共變數值再搭配延伸的Cox模式即可預測未來的存活機率。 / It is so called “time-dependent covariates” that the values of covariates change over time. Time-dependent covariates are measured repeatedly and often appear in the longitudinal data. Time-dependent covariates can be regularly or irregularly measured. In the regular case, we can ignore the TEL(time elapsed since last observation) effect and the grouped Cox model or the pooled logistic regression model is employed to anlalyze. The pooled logistic regression is an analytic method using the“person-period”approach. The grouped Cox model and the pooled logistic regression model also can be used to predict survival probablity. D’Agostino et al. (1990) had proved that pooled logistic regression model is asymptotically equivalent to the grouped Cox model. If time-dependent covariates are observed irregularly, Cox model under counting process may be taken into account. Before making the prediction we must turn the original data into“person-interval”form, and this data form is also suitable for the prediction of grouped Cox model in regular measurements. de Bruijne et al.(2001) first considered TEL as a time-dependent covariate and used B-spline function to model it in their proposed extended Cox model. We also show that TEL is a very significant time-dependent covariate in our paper. The extended Cox model provided an alternative for the irregularly measured time-dependent covariates. On the other hand, we use exponential smoothing with trend to predict the future value of time-dependent covariates. Using the predicted values with the extended Cox model then we can predict survival probablity.
203

山陰地方における地震波速度構造と内陸地震発生の関係 / Relation between seismic velocity structure and generation of intraplate earthquakes in the San-in district

津田, 寛大 24 May 2021 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第23362号 / 理博第4733号 / 新制||理||1679(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻 / (主査)教授 飯尾 能久, 教授 久家 慶子, 准教授 伊藤 喜宏 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM
204

考慮信用風險下新金融商品之評價分析

許家瑜, Hsu Chia Yu Unknown Date (has links)
本文之信用風險模型屬於簡約模型(Reduced Form Model)之範疇,以COX過程解釋違約過程,解釋為何企業會發生連帶倒閉的現象。在考慮信用風險後,各期所產生之現金流量變得具不確定性,因此在計算現金流量之現值時,折現因子就必須考慮信用風險溢酬,本文選用信用風險模型中的一大分支-約簡模型,將信用風險量化(包含系統風險及非系統風險),進而估計出信用價差期間結構;就如同無風險利率期間結構對固定收益商品之重要性,在估計出公司之信用價差期間結構後,即可針對該公司發行之各種商品進行評價分析。本文並以花旗所羅門美邦控股公司為例進行實證,利用公司債理論價格與市價之誤差平方和,求解違約過程之參數估計值及信用價差期間結構;接著,針對花旗所羅門美邦控股公司所發行之連動債券〝TRAGETS〞,進行評價分析並比較考慮信用風險與否是否有助於理論價格與市價之配適。
205

上限型股權連結保本票券之評價、避險和風險控管 / Valuation, Hedge and Risk Management of Capped, Equity-linked and Principal-protected Notes

陳芬英, Chen, Fen-ying Unknown Date (has links)
本論文含蓋三篇文章,分別從評價、避險和風險控管三方面,分析上限型股權連結保本票券。 第一篇文章為上限型股權連結保本票券之設計、評價和比較。本文考量投資人保守的投資行為與設限型股權連結票券所存在的delta跳躍(delta jump)現象,延伸Brennan and Schwartz (1976)模型,提出一個能在股價波動之際,使發行的避險部位delta呈現平滑變動且兼具保本(protected principal)功用的一般化模型(general form)。相較於一般的設限型股權連結保本模型,本模型具有以下特色。第一,加入股價成長率的調整因子(adjustable factor),當景氣低靡,股價不停下跌時,正的調整因子可減緩股價下滑之勢,進而增加投資人在票券到期日時獲取更多資本利得(capital gain)的機會。同時,調整因子縮小了當期股價成長率與股價上限成長率(capped stock growth rate)之間的差距,繼而減緩delta 跳躍的幅度,降低發行者的避險成本。並且在HJM利率模型下,delta隨股價與股價波動度的變化更顯平滑(smooth)。第二,在保本率(protection rate)和參與率 (participation rate)不變之下,本模型的期初合理價格(fair price)較低,投資人能以較低的成本取得同等的投資保障。第三,若將本票券的名目面額(notional principal)視作共同基金(mutual fund)的淨值(net value),而該淨值與股價連動,則本模型即成為股權連結的保本型基金(principal-protected fund)。 第二篇文章是路徑依賴之上限型股權連結保本模型之評價和風險測量。該文是擴展Brennan and Schwartz (1976)模型發展一個路徑依賴之上限型股權連結保本模型,並且提出一個比二元數模型更精確的封閉解。此外,也對七個時間序列進行股價波動度之精確檢定,得知AR-ARCH(1)模型對上限型股權連結保本票券而言,較其它時間序列模型,更能有效估計股價之波動度。 第二篇文章是外國資產的風險管理。目前在國內金融市場上,國外金融商品很多,大都以外幣計價,因此匯率風險是投資人不可忽視的因子。本文拓展Kupiec(1999)模型,將匯率風險加入模型中,使投資人更有效進行風險管理。 / This thesis studies valuation, hedge and risk management of capped equity-linked and principal-protected notes by means of the following essays: (1) Design, Valuation and Comparison of Capped Equity-linked and Principal-protected Notes (2) Valuation and Risk Measurement of Capped Equity-linked and Principal-protected Notes with Path Dependence (3) Risk Management of Foreign Assets Capped equity-linked and principal-protected notes are similar with barrier options. There exists delta jump as stock price or growth rate reaches the barrier. But previous studies about equity-linked and principal-protected notes with a restricted growth rate of stock price never explicitly discussed how the delta jump could be solved. In my first essay, I present a new design for capped equity-linked and principal-protected notes and add an adjustable factor to growth rate of stock price in such a way that the adjustable factor narrows the gap between the current stock growth rate and the capped stock growth rate and thus really reduces the magnitude of the delta jump and hence lowers the hedging cost for brokers. Recently, the focus of previous studies about principal-protected notes has been on either the restriction on the rate of stock return or the path dependence on the underlying asset, but not both in the same context. In my second essay, I develop a model on the capped, equity-linked and principal-protected notes with path dependence. There are two issues in this article. The first issue is valuation on the capped, equity-linked and principal-protected notes with path dependence. I find a closed-form approximation using the 2nd-order Taylor approximation and the method of Vorst (1992) that has higher accuracy than binomial tree model as maturity time or volatility becomes large. The second issue is risk measurement. I use VaR model to evaluate market risk of the principal-protected notes, and employ seven univariate time series models to forecast volatility and examine the accuracy. Additionally, investors may well encounter potential loss as the prices of financial products are reduced in the secondary market. The VaR is mainly concerned with the downside risk and becomes a standard measure of financial market risk that is increasingly used by investors. But if we want to apply 〝textbook〞formulation to risk management of foreign assets, there leaves exchange rate risk out of consideration. Therefore, I extend the work by Kupiec (1999) to present VaR formula with exchange rate risk for foreign assets and then to manage market risk usefully.
206

シベリア-モンゴル-チベット寒冷地域のエネルギー水循環の変動に関する総合的研究

福嶌, 義宏, 大畑, 哲夫, 兒玉, 裕二, 石井, 吉之, 溝口, 勝, 大畑, 哲夫, 山崎, 剛, 檜山, 哲哉, 杉本, 敦子, 吉川, 賢, 窪田, 順平, 安成, 哲三, 小池, 俊雄, 塚本, 修, 石川, 裕彦, 上野, 健一 03 1900 (has links)
科学研究費補助金 研究種目:基盤研究(A)(2) 課題番号:11691124 研究代表者:福嶌 義宏 研究期間:1999-2000年度
207

炭素・窒素安定同位体比を指標とする海洋表層の生物地球化学過程の研究

才野, 敏郎 03 1900 (has links)
科学研究費補助金 研究種目:基盤研究(B)(2) 課題番号:06453006 研究代表者:才野 敏郎 研究期間:1994-1996年度

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