This dissertation addresses the possibility of using the 2+1 road arrangement in the Czech Republic. Given that there is no such 2+1 segment in the Czech Republic, it was necessary to find sections with similar characteristics, evaluate and measure the rate of accidents as well as sectional velocity. The accident rate was evaluated on 72 sections and based on this research the optimal length of 2+1 arrangement road sections was determined. Digital image analysis and license plate recognition was used to evaluate the sectional velocity. Eight selected sections was subjected to the additional sectional velocity measurement, which showed improvement in passenger vehicles travel time. Traffic model microsimulations were performed after the data analysis. 2+1 arrangement roads are suitable solution for increasing travel speeds on sections where building of four-lane road is not economically viable.

The subject of my thesis is a variant I/57 in the section Semetín-Bystřička. The proposed route of communication, was part of an existing communications maintained for its full utilization. Were drawn four proposed variants of the solution, 3 variants are trying their best to use existing communication Jablůnka the village, one suggested option B that leads outside the existing road.

The subject of this thesis is the extension of an existing road I/69 in the section Jasenná - Liptál with the climbing line and to secure the transport service at bus stops along the road. The road I/69 between the villages of Liptál and Jasenná has high elevation and inconvenient directional and height parameters. The basic objective of the study is to improve and increase comfort in this section. The work is editing width arrangements and takes to account connections of tertiary roads to the road I/69. In this work were created two variants with a width arrangement 12.5 and 13.5 meters.

The subject of this final thesis is research study, which deals with new, respectively modernized route between cities Pelhřimov and Humpolec. Both of these cities are located in Pelhřimov district, Vysočina region. Route is designed in three variants: motorway, limited access road and modernization of existing road to a 2+1 configuration. Thesis is a response to new concept of motorway network, which was released by Ministry of Transportation in 2020. In this concept, there is also a plan to build new ring road, which would connect main roads in Bohemia and it would ease Prague and its surroundings from traffic.

Le vaccin pneumococcique conjugué heptavalent (VPC-7) a été homologué au Canada en 2001. Au Québec, le programme universel de vaccination a été initié en décembre 2004, avec un calendrier de 2+1, à 2, 4 et 12 mois, pour les enfants à faible risque, âgés de moins de 5 ans. Pour évaluer l’efficacité du vaccin, il faudrait pouvoir cibler les pneumonies causées par le pneumocoque parmi tous les cas identifiés de pneumonie. Cependant, l’étiologie des pneumonies est difficile à établir, notamment en pédiatrie. L’objectif de cette étude cas-témoins est d’évaluer l’efficacité du VPC-7 à prévenir la pneumonie acquise en communauté (PAC), validée selon les critères radiologiques standardisés établis par l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS), chez les enfants âgés de moins de 5 ans. Un total de 151 enfants, âgés de 2 à 59 mois et hospitalisés au CHUS pendant la période d’implantation du vaccin, soit du 1er janvier 2005 au 31 décembre 2007, pour une PAC confirmée par radiographie, ont constitué le groupe des cas. À chaque cas ont été appariés quatre témoins selon l’âge et le lieu de résidence lors de l’hospitalisation index. Les données cliniques des cas ont été obtenues à partir des dossiers électroniques des patients, les données relatives aux facteurs de confusion potentiels ont été collectées en entrevue téléphonique et les données vaccinales à partir du registre régional d’immunisation. L’efficacité vaccinale a été évaluée par régression logistique conditionnelle, en ajustant pour les facteurs de confusion les plus plausibles. L’analyse multivariée a mis en évidence plusieurs facteurs de risque de PAC comme l’asthme RC=4,6 (95% IC: 2,5-8,6; p<0,001), l’ethnie caucasienne RC=0,2 (95% IC: 0,1-0,6; p=0,003), le tabagisme secondaire RC=2,2 (95% IC: 1,3-3,6; p=0,003), l’existence d’au moins une condition médicale sous-jacente RC=3,5 (95% IC: 1,7-7,2; p=0,001) et la présence d’au moins trois enfants de moins de 5 ans dans une même famille RC=2,9 (95% IC: 1,5-5,2; p=0,001). L’efficacité du VPC-7 à prévenir la PAC chez les enfants de moins de 5 ans, avec au moins 1 dose, était de 35% (95%IC -7% à 60%; p=0,08). Chez les enfants âgés de 2 ans ou plus, l’efficacité vaccinale était de 58% (95% IC 11,1% à 80,4%; p=0,024) avec au moins 1 dose et de 68% (95% IC : 12,5% à 88,1%; p=0,026) avec 2 doses. En conclusion, les résultats confirment l’efficacité du VPC-7 à prévenir la PAC avec un nombre réduit des doses. C’est la première étude qui évalue l’efficacité du VPC-7, avec un calendrier 2+1, à prévenir la PAC identifiée sur base des critères radiologiques de l’OMS et en ajustant pour les facteurs confondants.

No description available.

In this report the situation for cyclists on 2+1-roads is analysed and studied. These roads are often the old 13-meter roads that have been changed into 2+1 to increase the security. Two road sections outside Motala in Sweden has been deep studied and analysed. The different parts in the planning process show how the progress goes. To begin with the change should be within the old 13 meters but after the pilot study was circulated for comments the result became a broadening to 13,75 and 14,00 meters. These new broadth gave a wider roadside and a safer situation for cyclists. The reconstruction outside Motala is an unusual solution since broadthening of the road area rarely is done. The biggest reason to this broadthening is probably the cycle races Vätternrundan and Tjejvättern and all the practice that takes place before these events. The township of Motala wants to promote cycling in their municipality. This whish where probably an important factor during the commenting period. The rapport also analyses different control documents used in the planning process. These are VGU (Vägar och Gator Utformning) and Inriktningsdokument för 13-metersvägar inom Vägverket Region Sydöst.

<p>In this report the situation for cyclists on 2+1-roads is analysed and studied. These</p><p>roads are often the old 13-meter roads that have been changed into 2+1 to increase</p><p>the security. Two road sections outside Motala in Sweden has been deep studied</p><p>and analysed. The different parts in the planning process show how the progress</p><p>goes. To begin with the change should be within the old 13 meters but after the</p><p>pilot study was circulated for comments the result became a broadening to 13,75</p><p>and 14,00 meters. These new broadth gave a wider roadside and a safer situation</p><p>for cyclists.</p><p>The reconstruction outside Motala is an unusual solution since broadthening of</p><p>the road area rarely is done. The biggest reason to this broadthening is probably</p><p>the cycle races Vätternrundan and Tjejvättern and all the practice that takes place</p><p>before these events. The township of Motala wants to promote cycling in their</p><p>municipality. This whish where probably an important factor during the</p><p>commenting period.</p><p>The rapport also analyses different control documents used in the planning</p><p>process. These are VGU (Vägar och Gator Utformning) and Inriktningsdokument</p><p>för 13-metersvägar inom Vägverket Region Sydöst.</p>

No description available.

La découverte de nouveaux candidats susceptibles de lutter contre différentes pathologies, en l’occurrence le cancer et les maladies neurodégénératives, constitue l’un des principaux objectifs de notre groupe de recherche. Dans ce contexte, les travaux de cette thèse ont pour but principal, la conception de deux nouvelles classes d’hétérocycles de structure planes, jusqu’à ce jour, très rarement étudiées, à savoir les pyrido[2’,1’ :1,5]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyridazines et les pyrido[2’,1’ :1,5]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines. Ce manuscrit est essentiellement dédié à un travail de méthodologie décrivant les différentes voies d’accès à ces originaux précurseurs tricycliques potentiellement modulables. La réactivité de ces synthons clés est ensuite étudiée vis-à-vis de réaction de substitutions nucléophiles aromatiques et de divers procédés de fonctionnalisation palladocatalysés (Suzuki-Miyaura, Buchwald-Hartwig, activation au PyBrOP-(hétéro)arylation) pour élaborer d’intéressantes chimiothèques construite autour de ces structures inédites ouvrant ainsi de nombreuses perspectives pharmacologiques. / The discovery of new candidates to fight against various diseases, namely cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, is one of the main goals of our research group. In this context, the main purpose of this thesis, is the design of two new classes of heterocyclic planar structure, to date, rarely studied, namely pyrido[2’,1’ :1,5]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyridazines and pyrido[2’,1’ :1,5]pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines. This manuscript is essentially dedicated to a methodology work describing the different routes of access to these originals and potentially modular tricyclic precursors. The reactivity of these key synthons is then studied towards aromatic nucleophilic substitutions reactions and various palladocatalyzed methods of functionalization (Suzuki-Miyaura, Buchwald-Hartwig, activation PyBrOP-(hetero) arylation) to develop interesting libraries built around these unusual structures, thus opening numerous pharmacologicals perspectives.