With the enormous amount of information being created digitally or converted to digital formats and made available through Digital Libraries (DLs), there is a strong demand for building tailored DL services to attend the preferences and needs of diverse targeted communities. However,construction and adaptation of such services takes significant effort when not assisted by methodologies, tools, and environments that support the complete life cycle of DL development,including requirements gathering, conceptual modeling, rapid prototyping, and code generation/reuse. With current systems, these activities are only partially supported, generally in an uncorrelated way that may lead to inconsistencies and incompleteness. Moreover, such existing approaches are not buttressed by comprehensive and formal foundations and theories. To address these issues we describe the development, implementation, and deployment of a new generic digital library generator yielding implementations of digital library services from models of DL "societies" and "scenarios". The distinct aspects of our solution are: 1) an approach based on a formal, theoretical framework; 2) use of state-of-the-art database and software engineering techniques such as domain-specific declarative languages, scenario-synthesis, and componentized and model-driven architectures; 3) analysis centered on scenario-based design and DL societal relationships; 4) automatic transformations and mappings from scenarios to workflow designs and from these to Java implementations; and 5) special attention paid to issues of simplicity of implementation, modularity, reusability, and extensibility. We demonstrate the feasibility of the approach through a number of examples. / Master of Science

Anläggningsarbeten är vägbyggen, markberedning, grundläggning och finplanering av mark. Dessa arbetsområden är ofta trånga och i de fallen behövs en effektiv logistikplanering. Vid anläggningsarbeten krävs ofta ett samspel med många inblandade parter så som husbyggen där flera aktörer är inblandade, eller som vid infrastruktur där det på arbetsplatsen krävs ett samspel mellan arbetsfordon och övriga trafikanter. Ett anläggningsbygge är flexibelt och eventuella komplikationer i arbetet är ibland svårt att förutse. Leveransplaneringen måste fungera för att produktionen ska fortgå, då är det viktigt att veta hur leveranskedjans olika delar ser ut, samt logistikens betydelse för tidplanen. För att förbättringar ska uppnås vid inköp och leveranser spelar leverantören en nyckel roll. Enligt LEAN-metoden ska det tydligt klargöras för leverantörerna hur arbetet ska gå till med leveranser samt att dessa ska hålla sin del i avtalet. Ett arbete med att införa Just In Time-leveranser minskar mängden av lagrat material på arbetsplatsen avsevärt och 5S-rutiner ger en mer säker och strukturerad arbetsplats. / Construction work is road construction, site preparation, foundation and advanced scheduling of land. These areas are often narrow and this cases requires an effective logistics planning. Ground construction is often required interaction with many involved parties such as house building where several actors are involved or in the infrastructure where the workplace requires an interaction between the work vehicles and other road users. The ground construction is flexible and possible complications of the work is sometimes difficult to anticipate. Delivery planning must work for production to proceed and it is important to know how the supply chains different parts look like, as well as the importance of logistics for the time schedule. For improvements to be achieved in purchasing, the suppliers play a key role. According to LEAN method there must clearly be made to the suppliers how the work should be proceed with deliveries and that they have to keep their part of the agreement. Just In Time deliveries reduce the amount of stored material in the workplace significantly and 5S routines provide a more secure and structured workplace.

Orientador: Luciana Bolsoni Lourenço Morandini / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T20:53:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigues_DeboraSilva_M.pdf: 3296545 bytes, checksum: 2a2ccc454f9a1df9f09173c2127af330 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: O gênero Engystomops apresenta ampla distribuição geográfica e constitui um interessante grupo de anuros para estudos cariotípicos. As populações de Engystomops encontradas na Amazônia têm sua identificação taxonômica ainda controversa. Análises genéticas e citogenéticas apoiam hipóteses que sugerem a existência de um complexo de espécies crípticas e especiação incipiente. Muitas vezes a variação citogenética observada entre diferentes populações estudadas dificultou o reconhecimento de homeologias cromossômicas entre os cariótipos. Uma caracterização cromossômica mais detalhada poderia auxiliar no possível reconhecimento de homeologias cromossômicas e, dessa forma, contribuir para o estudo dos processos envolvidos na divergência desses anuros. Já que o gene do DNAr 5S tem sido importante marcador genético e citogenético para estudos evolutivos e para a identificação e comparação de espécies em diversos grupos, no presente trabalho o DNAr 5S de Engystomops freibergi e de exemplares de Engystomops petersi de duas localidades Equatorianas (Puyo e Yasuní) foi estudado. Em todos os casos, dois tipos de DNAr 5S, facilmente diferenciados pelo tamanho e composição da sequência do seu espaçador não transcrito, foram isolados. A provável região promotora do gene do RNAr 5S (ICR) foi localizada nos dois tipos de sequências de DNAr 5S e a presença de possíveis sequências regulatórias adicionais foi discutida. No cariótipo de E. freibergi, sonda contendo a unidade repetitiva do DNAr 5S tipo I hibridou na região pericentromérica do braço curto dos cromossomos do par 3, e o DNAr 5S tipo II foi mapeado na região distal do braço longo dos cromossomos do par 6. A sonda formada somente pela região de NTS do DNAr 5S tipo I claramente detectou a região pericentromérica de 3p nos cariótipos de E. freibergi e E. petersi (Puyo) e de 5p no cariótipo de E. petersi (Yasuní), porém nenhum sinal distal ou intersticial foi observado. A sonda formada pela região de NTS do DNAr 5S tipo II detectou apenas a região distal de 6q nos três cariótipos estudados, corroborando a distribuição diferencial dos dois tipos de DNAr 5S nesses cariótipos. Tais sítios de DNAr 5S constituem novos marcadores cromossômicos, os quais permitem sugerir a homeologia entre o cromossomo 6 dos cariótipos de E. freibergi e de E. petersi, e entre o cromossomo 5 do cariótipo de E. petersi de Yasuní e o cromossomo 3 dos cariótipos de E freibergi e de E. petersi de Puyo. Já que os dois tipos de DNAr 5S encontrados em Engystomops são relacionados àqueles de Physalaemus tanto quanto à composição nucleotídica quanto à localização cromossômica, é ainda possível inferir que a origem desses dois tipos de sequências tenha antecedido a divergência evolutiva desses gêneros / Abstract: The Engystomops genus is widely distributed geographically and constitutes an interesting group for karyotypic studies. The taxonomic identifications of Amazonian populations of Engystomops is still controversial. Genetic and cytogenetic analyses suggest the existence of a complex of cryptic species and incipient speciation. The cytogenetic variations found among some populations prevent the recognition of chromosomal homeologies between the described karyotypes. A more detailed chromosomal characterization could help in the recognition of chromosome homeologies and, therefore, could contribute to the study of the processes involved in the divergence of these anurans. Since the 5S rDNA gene has been an important genetic and cytogenetic marker for evolutionary studies and even for the identification and comparison of species in diverse groups, in the present work the 5S rDNA of Engystomops freibergi and exemplars of Engystomops petersi from two Ecuadorian locations (Puyo and Yasuní) was studied. In all cases, two types of 5S rDNA, easily differed by size and compositon of their non-transcribed spacer, were isolated. A putative promoting region of the 5S rRNA gene (ICR) was recognized in the two types of 5S rDNA sequences and the presence of possible additional regulatory sequences was discussed. In the E. freibergi karyotypes, the entire type I 5S rDNA repeating unit hybridized to the pericentromeric region of 3p, whereas the entire type II 5S rDNA repeating unit mapped to the distal region of 6q, suggesting a differential localization of these sequences. The type I NTS probe clearly detected the 3p pericentromeric region in the karyotypes of E. freibergi and E. petersi from Puyo and the 5p pericentromeric region in the karyotype of E. petersi from Yasuní, but no distal or interstitial signals were observed. Interestingly, this probe also detected many centromeric regions in the three karyotypes, suggesting the presence of a satellite DNA family derived from 5S rDNA. The type II NTS probe detected only distal 6q regions in the three karyotypes, corroborating the differential distribution of the two types of 5S rDNA. Because the 5S rDNA types found in Engystomops are related to those of Physalaemus with respect to their nucleotide sequences and chromosomal locations, their origin likely preceded the evolutionary divergence of these genera. In addition, our data indicated homeology between chromosome 5 in E. petersi from Yasuní and chromosomes 3 in E. freibergi and E. petersi from Puyo. In addition, the chromosomal location of the type II 5S rDNA corroborates the hypothesis that the chromosomes 6 of E. petersi and E. freibergi are homeologous despite the great differences observed between the karyotypes of the Yasuní specimens and the others / Mestrado / Biologia Celular / Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural

This Masters Thesis deals with the concept of lean manufacturing and its implementing specifications in Czech companies. The theoretical part describes the concept of lean in detail, its history, principles and other characteristics. Furthermore this part presents the analysis related to the implementation of lean principles in small and medium sized companies in the Czech Republic. Based on this analysis, the hypothesis about the success or failure of implementation is formulated. The practical part describes the implementation of the chosen lean tool in the international operating company. On the basis of this project, the hypothesis is affirmed or denied.

The thesis is devoted to analyze the system of various types of audit in the selected company. It explains the need to perform regular internal audit in large companies. This thesis includes theoretical preconditions for successful functioning of the audit system in the company and the analysis of a particular system in a large company in the automotive industry. Based on the analysis it suggests measures that lead to more effective performance of activities related to audits and its actual implementation. The aim is to explain the differences between the various types of audits, to analyze the existing system in the selected company and propose a new solution.

This diploma thesis describes the implementation of modern managing methods in a selected company. The aim of the thesis concentrates on helping with its implementation. The lean production plays a dominant role among these methods. The main aim is therefore to create the first sample workplace using modern management methods. The thesis is divided into two main parts, the theoretical one and practical one. In the theoretical part the lean production has been decribed, its individual methods and the principle of the constant improvement. The practical part analyses the present state of production management in a selected company. It further contains the proposals of possible solutions under the terms of lean production methods and as well as the own implementation of individual proposals. It is primarily the use of visualization and the 5S methods. The formation of the first sample workplace is desribed in detail which uses the Kanban system. At the end of the thesis other proposals and recommendations for increasing of company's productivity have been introduced.

In this Master´s thesis is showed the principles, methods and process with document, which is necessary for managing of testing in Testing laboratory. Benefit of this thesis is design the new system of 5S, expanding the testing portfolio and finally, description of the new system for capacity planning. This system should predicted the future problems due to insufficient capacity and this will be done automatically.

This diploma thesis deals with the modifications of workplace design and changesof the layout of the company’s production space using lean manufacturing tools. The first part of the thesis theoretically describes the terms like production process, organization of the workplaces, lean production and some methods of lean production. The practical part of the thesis describes the choosen company, analysis of the current production process and visual aids used in the production of the company. The design part contains a proposal for a new layout of the production hall, the introduction of the principles of the 5S method in the workplace and proposal for the use of visual management tools. At the end of the work, the benefits of the proposed options for the company are evaluated.

Syfte – Syftet med detta projekt att kartlägga och skapa förslag på förbättring av lagerläggningen vid torrvarulagret på företaget för att minska kostnader och öka effektiviteten. 1. Hur kan artiklar prioriteras för optimal lagerhållning? 2. Hur kan företaget upprätthålla god lagerhållning på lång sikt? 3. Hur kan en förbättrad lagerhållning bidra till företagets lönsamhet Metod – Undersökningen har baserats på kombination av personliga observationer, en dokumentstudie för att samla information gällande företagets omsättning, marginaler och svinn för de olika varugrupperna samt en enkätstudie som syftar till att samla information angående personalens syn på lagerhanteringen och vilket framtida läge som bör uppnås. Resultat – Observationerna visar att personalen inte fullt ut följer de instruktioner som finns angående var varor skall ställas på lagret. Det visar sig att på grund av mängden varor på lagret är detta inte möjligt. Observationerna visar även att många produkter som lagras inte direkt skapar värde i form av försäljning och tar upp värdefullt lagerutrymme som skulle kunna användas till andra produkter. Varor tenderar att placeras i hörnet av lagret vilket blockerar framkomligheten för två ställageplatser. Av enkätsvaren visar det sig att personalen på arbetsplatsen har delade uppfattningar om hur arbetet på lagret fungerar. Det visar sig att många i personalen håller med om att pallar ofta behöver flyttas för att komma åt bakomliggande varor. Resultatet från enkäterna visar att många medarbetare anser att varor inte ställs på rätt plats. Det visar sig att en stor del av medarbetarna inte vet att det finns nedskrivna bestämmelser om hur lagerarbetet skall skötas. Slutsatser – Produkter kan delvis prioriteras baserat på ABC-analysen men inte fullt ut enligt den teoretiska modellen. Företaget bör behålla principerna för ställagelagring eftersom denna metod anpassas bra för den typen av lager som företaget har men faller på grund av att dessa principer inte följs. Familjegruppsprincipen kan användas för att prioritera varor i större volymer på enhetliga pallar vid de angivna ställageplatserna. 5S kan hjälpa företaget att få koll på onödiga produkter på lagret genom att sortera ut och strukturera var sak på sin plats. Genom att göra detta med kontinuitet kan företaget hålla en bättre lagernivå och därmed hålla lagret under kontroll under tider då lagret blir pressat. Strukturerade rutiner och visuell styrning kan hjälpa erfarna och nya medarbetare att lätt förstå vad som behöver göras och hur detta skall genomföras. PDSA-cykeln kan användas för att kontinuerligt utveckla och förbättra processerna för lagerhållningen vid arbetsplatsen. Genom att skapa struktur, en städad arbetsplats och tydliga rutiner kan företaget skapa en bättre överblick av lagret. Denna överblick skapar möjlighet att se varugrupper eller produkter som är i riskzonen för att gå sönder eller passera utgångsdatum. Detta bidrar till att minska svinnet på arbetsplatsen vilket i sin tur leder till potentiell ekonomisk vinning under lång sikt. Långa ledtider är något företaget drabbas av på grund av den bristande framkomligheten på lagret. Med ett strukturerat lager minskar ledtider vilket ger personalen mer tid att lägga på värdeskapande aktiviteter. Onödiga rörelser för personalen är vanligt förkommande då varor flyttas och omplaceras på lagret för att komma åt andra varor. Detta agerar som ett slöseri av personalens tid. Väntan förekommer som ett resultat av den bristande framkomligheten vilket påverkar ledtider och effektiviteten på arbetsplatsen. / Purpose - The purpose of this project is to map and make suggestions for quality improvements for warehousing at the company with focus on increasing effectiveness and lowering the cost. 1.How can articles get prioritized for optimal warehousing? 2.How can the company maintain optimal warehousing in the long run? 3.How can optimized warehousing contribute to the company's profitability? Method - The study is based on a combination of personal observation, a document study used to gather information regarding the company's revenue, margins and waste for the different article groups. An inquiry was made with the purpose to gather information regarding the staff´s view of present warehouse logistics and future goals. Results - The observations show that the staff doesn't follow the guidelines regarding positioning of the articles in the warehouse. This is not possible with the amount of products in stock. The observations show that there are some products in the warehouse that do not directly contribute to the revenue of the company and therefore taking up space from products that do contribute to the revenue. Some articles are placed in the corner of the warehouse which limits access to two parts of the shelving system at the same time. The results from the inquiry show that the staff have mixed opinions regarding how well the warehouse runs. Most of the staff recognize the problem of having to move articles before reaching the wanted item. The inquiry show that a lot of the staff members does not follow the rules regarding placement of articles in the warehouse and most don't know if there are any written rules regarding this. Conclusions - Products can partially be prioritized based on the ABC-model but not to the full extent. The company should follow the principles of the shelving system since this is already implemented but is not used to the full extent. The family group principle can be used to prioritize products and sort them in different groups based on their attributes. 5S can help the company to identify unnecessary products and sort and mark everything in the warehouse. This identification leads to the possibility to lower and keep reasonable stock volume and keep control even though a big delivery is due. Structured routines and visual leadership may help both veteran and new workers in the work with the warehouse. The PDSA-cycle can be used to continuously improve and perfect processes for stock management at the store. Through designing a structure, a clean workplace and clear routines is it possible for the company to maintain a clear overview of the warehouse. This overview makes it possible to spot product groups that are in the danger zone for breaking or passing the expiration date. This will contribute to lowering the waste for the company which leads towards a potential financial gain over a longer period of time. With a more organized warehouse does the staff get more time to focus on value gaining tasks. Unnecessary movement for the staff is common due to the need to move products before work can be done. This is recognized as a waste of the staff's time and therefore a waste of resources. Waiting i common which is present due to products blocking the passage ways, this does lengthen lead times and decreases the effectiveness at the warehouse.

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como propósito plantear propuestas de mejora para la gestión del almacén en una empresa del sector papelero. Actualmente la empresa cuenta con tres almacenes, todos ubicados en el Callao, los cuales acopian materia prima, insumos y mercadería que están valorizados aproximadamente en 83 millones de soles y de estos alrededor de 11 millones son obsoletos. El trabajo se ha desarrollado en cuatro capítulos; en el primero de estos desarrolla la literatura del estado del arte y marco teórico, los cuales muestran el análisis y opinión de especialistas en el tema de gestión, tipos, funciones e importancia de inventarios. Asimismo, se estudia temas sobre las herramientas de calidad, filosofía de mejora continua, casos de éxito y normatividad que rige a este tema. En el segundo capítulo, se aborda todo lo concerniente a la empresa, su a historia, misión, visión, procesos y determinación de la causa raíz. El tercer capítulo se desarrollan las propuestas para mejorar la gestión de inventarios, para lo cual se usan las herramientas de clasificación de inventarios ABC, la Metodología 5’s y el techado de uno de sus almacenes. Finalmente, en el cuarto capítulo se describen las conclusiones y recomendaciones de la presente investigación. / The purpose of this research is to propose improvement work for inventory management in a company in the paper industry. Actually, the company has three warehouses, all of them located in Callao, which collect raw materials, supplies and merchandise that are valued at approximately 83 million soles and of these around 11 million are obsolete. This research has been developed in four chapters; In the first of these, develops the state of the art literature and theoretical framework, which show the analysis and opinion of specialists on the subject of management, types, functions and importance of inventories. Likewise, topics on quality tools, philosophy of continuous improvement, success stories and regulations governing this subject are studied. In the second chapter approaches all about the Company, its history, mission, vision, processes and determination of the root cause is addressed. The third chapter develops the proposals to improve inventory management, for which the ABC inventory classification tools, the 5's Methodology and the roofing of one of its warehouses are used. Finally, the fourth chapter describes the conclusions and recommendations of this investigation. / Trabajo de investigación