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DA S.01.09.17.pdf: 4544468 bytes, checksum: f881c3f2f09bfa7d322c33c695bfacc4 (MD5) / O artesanato se caracteriza como uma prática em que os indivíduos desenvolvem um modus operandi no seu cotidiano que origina eventos da e para a sua sobrevivência. Essas “maneiras de fazer” artesanal, oportunizam aos sujeitos sociais a constituição de uma organização, que envolvida numa rede de relações, possibilita-lhes transformar sua realidade coletivamente, constituindo uma rede de conexões que permeia o artesanato produzido pelos atores sociais participantes, numa dinâmica contínua contextualizada. O estudo dessas práticas cotidianas que permeiam um ofício de relevância local permite compreender dinâmicas específicas de determinado organizing (processo organizativo), como no caso do artesanato bordado conhecido como filé, originário do estado de Alagoas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta dissertação é compreender o processo organizativo do artesanato produzido nas redes de ação decorrentes das práticas cotidianas das artesãs de filé do bairro do Pontal da Barra, no município de Maceió, estado de Alagoas. A articulação teórica que fundamenta a presente discussão se baseia na abordagem de Michel de Certeau – sobre o cotidiano dos atores sociais envolvidos - e na de redes de ação, de Barbara Czarniawska - com a análise das inúmeras conexões existentes no contexto pesquisado. Na investigação empírica, foi utilizada como técnica de coleta de dados a observação participante e a shadowing (técnica da sombra), além de dados coletados por documentos. A pesquisa de campo ocorreu de junho a outubro de 2016, por meio da observação participante em duas lojas de artesanato localizadas no bairro e o acompanhamento de reuniões na Associação dos Artesãos do Pontal da Barra. A shadowing foi adotada por um período de seis dias corridos com a presidente da Associação. Após a coleta dos dados, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática, com categorias definidas a posteriori. Os resultados demonstraram que o organizing do artesanato estudado se desenvolve mediante a conexão de diversas redes de ação, atuando em todas as fases do processo, devido ao fato da atividade artesanal receber influências da produção de sentido desde a fase inicial, como quando da caracterização da prática como terapia, apresentando uma sociomaterialidade que se mostra marcada pela heterogeneidade da comunidade e, principalmente, pelas interferências interacionais dos indivíduos. Diante disso, seu processo organizativo ocorre por meio dessa sociomaterialidade inerente a um processo de produção que possibilita às praticantes a contraposição aos termos impostos pela sociedade, ao tempo em que as auxilia na formação da identidade de artesãs de bordado Filé do Pontal da Barra / Handcraft is characterized as a practice in which individuals develop a modus operandi in their daily life that gives rise to events from and for their survival. These ways of making crafts makes possible the constitution of an organization to social subjects, which is involved in a network of relationships, enables them to transform their reality through collective actions, constituting a network of connections that permeates the handcraft produced by the participating social actors, in a continuous dynamic that encompasses its context. The study of these daily practices that permeates a work with local relevance allows us to understand specific dynamics of certain organizing, as in the case of the embroidered handicraft known as filé, originating in the state of Alagoas. In this sense, the objective of this dissertation is to understand the organizational process of the handcraft produced in the action nets resulting from the daily practices of the filé artisans of the neighborhood of Pontal da Barra, in the municipality of Maceió, state of Alagoas. The theoretical articulation that underlies this discussion is based on Michel de Certeau`s approach - about the daily life of the involved social actors - and the action nets approach, by Barbara Czarniawska - with the analysis of the innumerable connections existing in the researched context. In the empirical investigation, participant observation and shadowing were used as data collection techniques, as well as data collected by documents. The field work was carried out from June to October 2016, during which was realized a participant observation in two handcraft stores located in the neighborhood and the attendance of meetings in the Artisans' Association of Pontal da Barra was also performed. The shadowing took place for a period of six consecutive days with the president of the Association. After the data collection, the content analysis was used in the thematic modality, with categories defined a posteriori. The results showed that the organization of the handicraft studied is developed through the connection of several action nets, acting in all phases of the process, due to the fact that the craft activity receives influences from sensemaking from the initial phase, such as when characterizing the practice as therapy, presenting a sociomateriality that is marked by the heterogeneity of the community and, mainly, by the interactional interferences of the individuals. Therefore, organizing takes place through this sociomateriality inherent in a production process that enables practitioners to oppose the terms imposed by society, while helping them to form the identity of Filé embroidery artisans from Pontal da Barra

Medellivslängden ökar och läkemedelsanvändningen blir större. Allt fler äldre har fler än fem tabletter dagligen vilket definieras som polyfarmaci. Fler läkemedel kan öka risken för biverkningar och interaktioner. Studiens syfte är därför att belysa och kartlägga polyfarmacins påverkan på den äldre patientens livskvalitet. Livskvalitet handlar om individens upplevda hälsa och hur hälsa och lidande kan påverka den enskilda människan. För att besvara syftet har en litteraturstudie valts att göras där kvalitativa och kvantitativa studier sammanfattas och diskuteras fram till en ny slutsats. I resultatet framkom fyra teman: ”Polyfamracins påverkan på livskvaliteten hos äldre patienter”, ”Hälso -och sjukvårdens tillgänglighet”, "Ekonomisk påverkan” och ”Patientens upplevelse”. Under tema ett och två framkom även två subteman vardera. I resultatet framkommer det att polyfarmacin har en påverkan på den äldre patientens livskvalitet. Men även information och kommunikation är bristande mellan patienterna och sjukvården. Studien menar därför att polyfarmacin bör minskas för att den äldre patienten ska ha en god livskvalitet. Genom att öka kommunikation och information med exempelvis läkemedelsgenomgång kan det bidra till ökad kunskap och en minskning av läkemedelsanvändningen.

Many contributors to the interdisciplinary field of conflict resolution have emphasised the impact of socio-psychological and psycho-cultural influences in maintaining and perpetuating ethnic conflicts. The review of the literature concerning Cyprus reveals that such factors have been active in the 37 years of ethnic separation between the Greek-Cypriot and the Turkish-Cypriot communities. Although strategies are available to bridge communities and offer prospects for a reconciliation and peace centre on facilitating interaction, contact and dialogue between communities at all levels, it is surprising how little has taken place between the two academic communities on the island. This is in contrast to the picture found in similar conflict cases, such as the ones in Northern Ireland and Israel-Palestine. Despite some notable efforts and collaborations currently in place, the numbers involved constitute a very small fraction of the two academic bodies. The research has aimed at establishing the role of higher education in divided societies, not only by examining theoretically and philosophically its importance as a part of a reconciliation process but also by depicting the opinion of academics from both parts of Cyprus. The research has shown that although they are optimistic about future links, they nevertheless identified major implications stemming out of the issues of ‘recognition’, nationalism, social pressure, the impact of media and the characteristics of the academic cultures in each respective community. These explain the contrast between much good-will and little real action. The analysis of findings includes a discussion of possible strategies to establish an open dialogue between the two academic communities and to facilitate collaborations.

The effect of streaming on students' academic self-concept and their perceptions of home environment and classroom climate was examined in a 3-year longitudinal study of a single cohort in Singapore. The subjects were 495 Secondary 1 (average age 13) students, who were streamed based on their Primary School Leaving Examination results taken at the end of Primary 6 (average age 12). The study was conducted with the use of a self-constructed questionnaire on four occasions at approximately 1-year intervals. The measures included the academic self-concept scale, made up of the students' confidence and students' effort subscales, the home environment scale, made up of the relationship with parents and academic support subscales, and the classroom climate scale, made up of the relationship with teachers, teachers' expectations and peer relationship subscales. The results revealed that the students' academic self-concept, and their perceptions of home environment and classroom climate largely declined from Secondary 1 to Secondary 3, and the declines were more pronounced for the higher-ability stream students than the lower ability stream students. In addition, the lower-ability stream students' academic self concept and their perception of classroom climate were more negative than those of their higher-ability stream counterparts immediately after streaming. Nonetheless, they were comparable if not more positive than those of their higher-ability stream counterparts three years after being streamed. Furthermore, regression analyses revealed that perceived teachers' expectations, relationship with teachers, relationship with parents and parental academic support were main predictors of students' academic self-concept. However, parental academic support tended to affect higher-ability stream students' academic self-concept more than that of their lower-ability stream counterparts, whilst teachers' expectations tended to affect the lower-ability stream students' confidence level more than that of their higher-ability stream counterparts.

Using the Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS) conducted in 1987/88 and 1998/99, this thesis examines two thematic areas of non-monetary returns to education in Ghana. One of the primary aims is to find the differences in the effects of education over the decade (1987/88–1998/99), using standard and non-standard econometric analysis. In addition, the later survey year serves as a robustness check on the first. The first theme examines health status; measured as illness and its duration, as well as the use of anthropometric indicators. The study finds that parental education is positively associated with child’s reported illness and its duration. Further verification of this outcome using an instrumental variable (2SLS) approach that assumes possible endogeneity of parental education supports the results relating to maternal education in both survey years. In contrast, paternal primary education tends to reduce children’s reported illness; but this is only statistically significant in GLSS 1. These outcomes, although perverse are not uncommon in developing countries, and may be the result of systematic reporting bias. The analysis also reveals inconsistent results regarding adults’ health status between the two survey years. For example, we find that illness and its duration increase with personal education in GLSS 1, but the converse is true in GLSS 4, ceteris paribus. The mixed results of this study imply that the relationship between education and health status varies across health measures, and probably over time. Hence caution should be exercised before broad conclusions are drawn and policies made regarding these two vital socioeconomic indicators (education and health). The last theme analyses fertility in both structural and reduced form functions. The structural function involves a two-stage process. The first stage estimates the effect of education on three proximate determinants of fertility - the duration of breastfeeding, contraceptive use and age at cohabitation. The second stage subsequently models the fertility function by estimating three measures: the probability of having at least one birth; the unconditional number of births; and the number of births conditional on one having occurred, using the predicted values of the proximate determinants as inputs similar to the conventional production function. The reduced form fertility model estimates the impact of women’s education on the number of live births. The findings are that (1) education increases the use of contraception, delays age at cohabitation and shortens the duration of breastfeeding, as anticipated; (2) contraception and age at cohabitation subsequently tend to reduce the overall number of live births, though we observe an ambiguous outcome regarding breastfeeding; (3) education, in a fuller and direct way, also shows a strong negative association with fertility in both surveys; and finally (4) fertility appears to have declined over the period studied. We also find a structural shift in respect of the influence of women’s education from post-primary to primary level on fertility, ceteris paribus.

Family literacy programmes have become an increasingly popular pedagogical tool utilised by policy makers to help address the literacy needs of families with low skill competencies and who are viewed as economically and socially underachieving. Taking a comparative case study approach, in this research I consider what benefits family literacy programmes have for the literacy skills of families. Drawing on Bourdieu's habitus (1993) and field (1977) and Bourdieu, Coleman (1988) and Putnam's (2000) notions of social capital, in this research I compare family literacy programmes in selected case study areas within England, Ireland and Malta. The objectives are to establish differences and similarities in policy rationale, the characteristics of delivery and learner engagement. Predominantly qualitative in nature, the research consisted of 94 semi-structured interviews with actors involved in family literacy programmes across the three areas including coordinators, practitioners, learners, ex-learners, non-participating fathers and children's teachers. Interviews were supplemented and triangulated by a range of other data sources including a number of classroom observations. Family literacy programmes across the three areas exhibited many similarities: the content of sessions; the underlying policy rationale for offering and funding programmes; the motivation of learners for attending; benefits reported by learners; and difficulties faced by practitioners. In addition, parents attending were mainly mothers. Some differences were also found, mainly between Ireland and the other two participating areas. For example, in Ireland different types of locations were used and children were not usually present. However, the main difference was not cultural, but political, between the desired policy outcomes, and the motivation of learners. The evidence suggests that, regardless of the cultural context, there is a mismatch or at least a lack of awareness between the two, with learners predominantly motivated to attend to help their children, whilst policy objectives primarily seek to address inadequate literacy levels, as part of wider social inclusion strategies.

Personal development is the cornerstone of lifelong learning and academic and professional achievement. Co-curricular activities are good learning opportunities and support people to develop. A thorough review and examination of personal development education at HKIVE is needed so that new generations of students can more effectively learn and achieve their goals, enabling them to meet the crucial challenges of the 21st century. Initially, the researcher examined course documents to identify the key areas of personal development education. Data was collected from 134 students, eight educators and six human resource practitioners so as to understand these issues deeply. The study findings indicate that personal development opportunities at HKIVE are ineffective. The College should review existing personal development training to expand learning opportunities for students. Educators are advised to adopt innovative new learning strategies to facilitate personal development. No single training programme can cover all aspects of individual development and learning should be based on personal needs and initiated by students. Furthermore, fostering good attitudes is a key factor in developing students' motivation to learn more. Peers also form an important resource to reinforce students' self-image and self-esteem within the peer group. In addition, the new method of judging competency comprises: knowledge (Stratford, 1994), performance (Summerall, Lopez, Oehlert, 2000), outcome (Proctor, 1991), attitude and self-development. Finally, assessment issues are highly controversial and may serve formative, summative or normative purposes, subject to availability of resources and staff professionalism. This study offers new personal development teaching ideas and a practical guide for educators. Moreover, this study formulates a new learning model for competency and informal learning - critical issues for the VTC in future research and development.

Att beskriva upplevelser hos närstående till person med demens i tidig ålder (före 65 år ) En litteraturstudie. Christer Norman och Peter Forsberg Bakgrund: Demens i tidig ålder (Early Onset Dementia) är en sjukdom som inte uppmärksammats så mycket varken i forskningen eller i samhället till skillnad från den mer vanligt förekommande åldersdemensen. Att vara närstående till person med Early Onset Dementia innebär dels en stor emotionell belastning i form av förlustkänslor och oro inför framtiden, och dels att man försummar sina egna behov när man blir tvungen att ta på sig rollen som informell vårdare. Syfte: Att beskriva upplevelser hos närstående till person med demens i tidig ålder (före 65 år) Metod: Vi valde att genomföra en litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats för att ta del av och fördjupa oss i närståendes upplevelser. Nio vetenskapliga artiklar låg till grund för studien. Resultat: Två huvudkategorier gick att urskilja, emotionellt lidande och behov av stöd. De närstående upplevde ett behov av personcentrerad information och kunskap om sjukdomen för att kunna hantera situationen och rollen som informell vårdare. Familjens intressen stod i fokus eftersom rollerna och relationerna ofta förändrades när diagnosen Early Onset Dementia fastställdes. Ett tydligt resultat av studien var att närstående upplevde att både allmänheten men också sjukvården och sociala myndigheter hade för lite kunskap om sjukdomen och dess påverkan på familjer. Slutsats: De närstående upplevde stora brister i information och stöd från samhället och att detta ledde till onödigt emotionellt lidande. Närstående till personer med Early Onset Dementia är en bortglömd grupp och det behövs mer forskning kring dessa personers upplevelser och vilket stöd de behöver. Nyckelord: Demens, ungt insättande, Familj, Vårdgivare, Makar och Erfarenhet.

This research examines the development of the EU higher education policy under the theoretical lenses of historical institutionalism. Starting from the assumption that institutions matter, this thesis follows the evolution of higher education policy in the EU premises from its emergence in the early 1970s to date. Unfolding in four phases, this case study focuses on the institutional parameters of the policy and the polity context in order to explain the critical factors that shaped the policy outcomes and the scope of higher education. In a story development full of unanticipated consequences and normative building, this thesis critically examines the relation between the levels of governance to assess their impact on the policy outcome. The main finding is that higher education has been developed as a `market-supporting' policy. The human capital role of higher education has been the main attribute identified in the EU level. As such, higher education gradually evolved from being a policy field aimed at battling unemployment to becoming one of the driving forces behind the knowledge driven society. At the same time higher education moved from the doldrums of EU competence and activity to the centre of policy action to become a policy example of applying the new modes of EU governance. In between the formal EU settings and the Bologna process, institutions and actors have withheld the idea that academic and professional mobility, recognition, comparability are the main areas for the future European workforce.

Esta investigación se trata de estudiar las contribuciones de las series juveniles de televisión para la formación de la identidad del adolescente. Para esto analizamos la serie española Compañeros, presentada por la cadena privada Antena 3 en el año 2000, después que identificamos que esta serie específica era la favorita de 62 de 100 adolescentes investigados entre 15 y 17 años en Barcelona. El marco teórico se basa en la Psicología; Comunicación Social; Antropología; la Semiología, los Análisis del Discurso, Recepción Activa y ha recurrido a investigaciones recientes sobre el tema.Adicionamos también lecturas e investigaciones sobre Género, porque había que considerar los resultados ya encontrados en investigaciones anteriores a respecto.Las principales conclusiones del trabajo son que las series juveniles de televisión aportan informaciones y contribuyen para la formación de opiniones y actuación social de los adolescentes, que el adolescente remite su interpretación personal como punto de referencia. Pese a que haya coincidencia en la mayoría hay diferencias marcadas en las minorías y interpretaciones individuales. / This thesis investigates the contributions of the juvenile series of television to the development of the identity of teenagers. The theory bases on Psychology, Sociology, Anthropology, Social Communication and also the most recents researches on Active Reception. The research analyses the Spanish juvenile television serial: Compañeros, because that was the favourite program of 100 teenagers (investigated) between 15 to 17 years old in the year of 2000. The teenagers were heard by Group Discussions and by written interviews. They analysed the teenager universe represented on the television program and also compared their own universe with the represented one. They also analysed the characters and commented their identification with themThe conclusions were that the juvenile series of television do contribute with information, formation of opinions, and decisions and actitudes of the teenagers. Although, the reception is critical and personal, but there are some coincidences on the differences of gender.