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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

A HIGH-SPEED, RUGGEDIZED, MINIATURE INSTRUMENTATION RECORDER UTILIZING COMMERCIAL TECHNOLOGY

Ricker, William, Kolb, John Jr 10 1900 (has links)
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 26-29, 1992 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / Due to the vast amount of data required to be collected for design/performance analysis of operational and development systems, there has evolved a real requirement for a high-speed, large capacity, data collection/record system in a small Flight/Ruggedized package. This need is realized by several user communities and factors which include the evolution of small operational vehicles (airborne, land and UAV’s), the desire of weapons manufacturers/integrators to be independent from the vehicle during vehicle integration, and a general need for a field/airborne, reliable portable data collection system for intelligence gathering, operational performance verification and on-board data processing. In the Air Defence community, the need for a ruggedized record system was highlighted after Desert Storm, in which the operational performance of the Patriot Missile was questioned and data collection was not performed to support the performance. The Aydin Vector Division in conjunction with the prime contractor, has come up with a solution to this problem which utilizes a commercially available helical scan 8mm data storage unit. This solution provides a highly reliable record system, ruggedized for airborne and field environments and a low price in comparison with the more traditional approaches currently offered. This paper will describe the design implementation of this small ruggedized, flight worthy Data collection system deemed the ATD-800. It will also discuss the performance and limitations of implementing such a system, as well as provide several applications and solutions to different operational environments to be encountered. Additionally, the paper will conclude with several product enhancements which may benefit the flight test, operational and intelligence communities in the future.
92

Etude géochimique de l'érosion actuelle de la chaine himalayenne

Galy, Albert 11 January 1999 (has links) (PDF)
L'étude de la géochimie des particules exportées par les rivières himalayennes ainsi que la chimie des éléments dissous ont permis de préciser la quantification du couplage entre la tectonique active, caracteristique de l'Himalaya et le climat ainsi que de définir les principaux processus qui caractérisent l'érosion actuelle de la chaîne himalayenne. Les caractéristiques principales de l'érosion de la chaîne himalayenne sont: - Un important fractionnement minéralogique entre la matière en suspension et la charge de fond des rivières. Pour l'ensemble du Gange-Brahmapoutre (G-B), le transport par les MES est < 50 % de l'érosion totale qui est de 2.4 ± 0.5 10' tonnes/an pour le bassin du G-B. - La corrélation entre le taux d'érosion et l'intensité annuelle des précipitations, tant a l'échelle des larges bassins (G-B) qu'à l'intérieur de la chaîne. Le taux d'érosion de la chaîne est de 2.3 ± 0.6 mm/an pour la partie drainée par le Gange et de 3.4 ± 0.7 mm/an pour celle drainée par le Brahmapoutre alors que les écoulements spécifiques des parties himalayennes de ces fleuves sont respectivement de 1.2 et 2.1 m/an. Au Népal central,le flanc sud, soumis aux précipitations de mousson, s'érode plus de 6 fois plus vite que le flanc nord, soumis à un climat aride et sec. - Un taux maximal d'érosion physique localisée à l'endroit où la surrection tectonique, les précipitations et les glaciers sont les plus importants. C'est à l'aplomb de la rampe crustale du chevauchement himalayen (MHT) que se trouve la haute chaîne, les plus fortes précipitations et les glaciers. A cet endroit, l'érosion physique est au moins 2 fois plus élevée que dans le reste de la chaîne. - Une érosion dominée par le broyage mécanique et non l'altération et la pédogenèse. Pour l'ensemble du G-B, plus de 55% des carbonates sont érodés et transportes sous forrne particulaire et seulement 1.3% des silicates sont dissous. - La limitation de l'altération par la forte érosion physique. Le flanc sud de la haute chaîne est caractérisé par la plus faible altération et la plus forte érosion. Dans la chaîne, le couplage tectonique-altération montre un seuil au delà duquel la tectonique limite l'altération. L'altération du matériel himalayen a principalement lieu dans le bassin d'avant chaîne. - Le flux d'alcalinité liée a l'altération des silicates est de 2.7 10" mol/an ce qui représente 2.3% du flux global. Le bilan de l'altération implique une forte dominance de l'altération des carbonates et un caractère surtout sodique des silicates dissous. La consommation à long terme de CO2 atmosphérique par l'altération dans le bassin du G-B est de 6.4 1010 mol/an. - Une altération abiotique qui représente 14 Eq% de l'alcalinité. L'oxydation des sulfures des séries sédimentaires, principalement, dans la partie tibétaine de la chaîne produit 70% des sulfates dissous du G-B. Des émanations de CO, métamorphique, lié à la décarbonatation en profondeur, peuvent localement contribuer à l'altération. - Le découplage du budget du Sr dissout et celui de l'alcalinité liée aux silicates. L'altération des carbonates dans la partie aride de la chaîne est incongruente et libère une quantité importante de Sr faiblement radiogénique alors qu'une faible altération des terrains silicates anciens (> 2Ga) joue le rôle de spike de 87Sr. Ainsi le G-B (6.5 10.8 mol/an de Sr et un 87Sr/86Sr - 0.730) a un impact primordial sur le budget océanique du Sr. - La prépondérance de l'enfouissement de C organique par rapport à l'altération vis à vis du cycle du carbone. L'érosion .physique de l'orogenèse maintient des taux de sédimentation très élevés dans le bassin d'avant chaîne et le cône du Bengale. L'enfouissement et la préservation de carbone organique actuel est d'un ordre de grandeur plus élevée que la consommation de CO2 atmosphérique via l'altération. Elle représente une faible quantité (5%) de l'enfouissement global, cependant suffisante pour engendrer une perturbation dans le cycle naturel du carbone.
93

Probleme in Online-Auktionen / Ein Rechtsvergleich zwischen Deutschland und Taiwan / Problems with online auctions / A legal settlement between Germany and Taiwan

Lee, Shu-Ju 19 September 2006 (has links)
No description available.
94

Surveillance of Host and Pathogen Derived Metabolites Activates Intestinal Immunity

Peterson, Nicholas D. 30 June 2022 (has links)
Intestinal epithelial cells function, in part, to detect infection with pathogenic organisms and are key regulators of intestinal immune homeostasis. However, it is not fully understood how intestinal epithelial cells sense pathogen infection and coordinate the induction of protective immune defenses. Here, we define two new mechanisms of innate immune regulation in a metazoan host. First, we characterize the first bacterial pattern recognition receptor and its natural ligand in Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that the C. elegans nuclear hormone receptor NHR-86/HNF4 directly senses phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN), a metabolite produced by pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PCN binds to the ligand-binding domain of NHR-86/HNF4, a ligand-gated transcription factor, and activates innate immunity in intestinal epithelial cells. In addition, we show that C. elegans NHR-86 senses PCN, and not other phenazine metabolites, as a marker of pathogen virulence to engage protective anti-pathogen defenses. Second, we show that a phase transition of the C. elegans Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain protein (TIR-1) controls signaling by the C. elegans p38 PMK-1 MAPK pathway. Physiologic stress, both P. aeruginosa infection and sterol scarcity, induce multimerization of TIR-1 within intestinal epithelial cells. Like the mammalian homolog of TIR-1, SARM1, oligomerization and phase transition of C. elegans TIR-1 dramatically potentiate its NAD+ glycohydrolase activity. TIR-1/SARM1 multimerization and NAD+ glycohydrolase activity are required for activation of C. elegans p38 PMK-1 pathway signaling and pathogen resistance. These data uncover a mechanism by which nematodes interpret environmental conditions to prime innate immune defenses and promote survival in microbe rich environments. C. elegans animals augment these immune defenses by surveying for ligands specifically associated with toxigenic pathogens that are poised to cause disease. These findings define a new paradigm of intestinal immune control that informs the evolution of innate immunity in all metazoans.
95

Langzeitkultur von humanen Langerhanszellen / phänotypische Eigenschaften und Apoptose

Henschke, Cornelia 23 February 2001 (has links)
Die Arbeit beschreibt das phänotypische Verhalten von kultivierten Langerhanszellen, antigenpräsentierenden Zellen der Epidermis, sowie die Art und Weise ihrer Elimination. Hierfür wurden Zellkulturen von Langerhanszellen durch Migration aus normaler menschlicher Haut gewonnen. Die Langerhanszellen durchlaufen dabei die gleiche funktionelle Entwicklung, wie nach Antigenpräsentation in situ. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, die funktionellen und zellulären Eigenschaften und die Elimination von Langerhanszellen in der Zellkultur zu ermitteln. Die Anzahl viabler Zellen wurde mittels Trypanblauausschluß zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten der Kultur ermittelt. Außerdem wurden die Zellen mittels Elektronenmikroskopie und Immuncytochemie untersucht. Die Befunde zeigen, daß die Zellen in der Kultur eine Veränderung ihres Phänotyps sowie funktionelle Änderungen im Sinne einer Ausreifung zu antigenpräsentierenden, T-Zell stimulierenden Zellen erfahren. Das in-vitro-Verhalten entspricht dem von Langerhanszellen in vivo nach Kontaktsensibilisierung. Mit Hilfe von eines für Apoptose spezifischen ELISA (= Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: eine Nachweisreaktion für Antigene bzw. Antikörper mithilfe von Enzymen) und Elektronenmikroskopie wurde nachgewiesen, daß die Zellen in unseren Kulturen durch Apoptose starben. Es gibt keinen Anhaltspunkt dafür, daß sich die Zellen nicht auch in vivo apoptotisch eliminieren. Die Verlauf der Funktionsmarker weist darauf hin, daß vorwiegend die maturierten Zellen von Apoptose betroffen waren, und die Apoptose über das CD 95/CD 95 L- System gesteuert wurde. Die Versuche zeigten insgesamt, daß Langerhanszellen durch Apoptose aus der Kultur eliminiert werden. Da sich die Zellen nach Migration in vitro wie Langerhanszellen nach Antigenpräsentation in vivo verhalten, scheint die Apoptose ein biologisches Regulativ für die Elimination von funktionell ausgereiften Langerhanszellen darzustellen. / This work describes the phenotypic behavior of cultivated Langerhans-cells, epidermal cells presenting antigenes and how they are eliminated . Therefore cultures of Langerhans-cells won by migration from normal human skin were used. The migrated Langerhans-cells have the same phenotypic features as Langerhans-cells after presentation of antigenes in situ. The aim of this work was to show the functional and cellular features of Langerhans-cells in culture and the way of their elimination. The cells still alive were count at distinct times using the Trypan-blue-exclusion-method. Additionally the cells were examined by electron microscopy and immuncytochemical methods. The findings show, that the cells in culture have the same characteristics of the phenotype and change of their function in the direction of developing to antigen-presenting, T-cell-stimulating cells. The in vitro behaviour is the same as of Langerhans-cells in vivo after contact-sensitization. With the help of an elisa (=Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) specific for apoptosis ( Cell Death Detection Elisa = CDDE) and with electron microscopy was shown, that the cultivated cells died by apoptosis. There is no reference point, that the cells do not do the same in vivo. The process of the functional markers shows, that predominantly the matured cells die by apoptosis and that it was controled by the CD 95/CD 95-L -system The investigations showed, that the Langerhans-cells were eliminated by apoptosis of the culture. The cells after migration in vitro behave in the same manner as after presentation of antigen in vivo. This indicates apoptosis to be the biologic regulation for the elimination of functional matured Langerhans-cells.
96

Hipertensão arterial e disfunção autonômica induzidas por dieta hiperlipídica: papel do CART e de fatores inflamatórios em núcleos autonômicos do sistema nervoso central. / High blood pressure and autonomic dysfunction induced by high-fat diet: role of CART and inflammatory factors in central autonomic network.

Chaar, Laiali Jurdi El 27 June 2016 (has links)
Obesidade é fator de risco para a hipertensão arterial e os mecanismos envolvidos nesta doença não são totalmente esclarecidos. Camundongos C57BL/6J e transgênicos com com deleção em neurônios e glia da via inflamatória do receptor toll-like-NF&#954;B foram submetidos à dieta hiperlipídica (HL) por 8 e 15 semanas e avaliados parâmetros metabólicos, pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, atividade do sistema nervoso autônomo, fatores inflamatórios e neuropeptídeos no hipotálamo e no tronco encefálico. Os camundongos expostos HL desenvolveram hipertensão arterial acompanhada de disfunção autonômica e aumento de CART no DMH. Os animais transgênicos quando submetidos à dieta HL desenvolveram um quadro de obesidade, porém não apresentaram hipertensão arterial e disfunção autonômica. Além disso, o grupo de animais HL aumentou o RNAm de CCL5 no hipotálamo e de CD86 no tronco-encefálico e a densidade de microglia no NTS caudal. Os resultados sugerem novos mecanismos para a hipertensão e disfunção autonômica secundárias à ingestão de dieta hiperlipídica mostrando o papel do CART o DMH e o envolvimento da via inflamatória do TLR-NF&#954;B em neurônios e glia nos mecanismos desta patologia. / Obesity is a risk factor for high blood pressure and the mechanisms involved in this disease are not fully clarified. C57BL/6J and transgenic mice with toll-like-NF&#954;B receptor inflammatory- pathway deletion in neurons and glia were fed with high-fat diet (HL) for 8 or 15 weeks and assessed metabolic parameters, blood pressure, heart rate, autonomic nervous system activity, inflammatory factors and neuropeptides in the hypothalamus and brainstem. The HL mice developed hypertension accompanied with autonomic dysfunction and increased CART in DMH. Transgenic animals when submitted to HL diet developed obesity, but not showed high blood pressure and autonomic dysfunction. In addition, HL animals had increased CCL5 mRNA in hypothalamus, CD86 mRNA in brainstem and micróglia density in caudal NTS. The results suggest new mechanisms for hypertension and autonomic dysfunction secondary to intake of high-fat diet by showing CART role in DMH and the involvement of the inflammatory pathway TLR-NF&#954;B in neurons and glia.
97

Hipertensão arterial e disfunção autonômica induzidas por dieta hiperlipídica: papel do CART e de fatores inflamatórios em núcleos autonômicos do sistema nervoso central. / High blood pressure and autonomic dysfunction induced by high-fat diet: role of CART and inflammatory factors in central autonomic network.

Laiali Jurdi El Chaar 27 June 2016 (has links)
Obesidade é fator de risco para a hipertensão arterial e os mecanismos envolvidos nesta doença não são totalmente esclarecidos. Camundongos C57BL/6J e transgênicos com com deleção em neurônios e glia da via inflamatória do receptor toll-like-NF&#954;B foram submetidos à dieta hiperlipídica (HL) por 8 e 15 semanas e avaliados parâmetros metabólicos, pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca, atividade do sistema nervoso autônomo, fatores inflamatórios e neuropeptídeos no hipotálamo e no tronco encefálico. Os camundongos expostos HL desenvolveram hipertensão arterial acompanhada de disfunção autonômica e aumento de CART no DMH. Os animais transgênicos quando submetidos à dieta HL desenvolveram um quadro de obesidade, porém não apresentaram hipertensão arterial e disfunção autonômica. Além disso, o grupo de animais HL aumentou o RNAm de CCL5 no hipotálamo e de CD86 no tronco-encefálico e a densidade de microglia no NTS caudal. Os resultados sugerem novos mecanismos para a hipertensão e disfunção autonômica secundárias à ingestão de dieta hiperlipídica mostrando o papel do CART o DMH e o envolvimento da via inflamatória do TLR-NF&#954;B em neurônios e glia nos mecanismos desta patologia. / Obesity is a risk factor for high blood pressure and the mechanisms involved in this disease are not fully clarified. C57BL/6J and transgenic mice with toll-like-NF&#954;B receptor inflammatory- pathway deletion in neurons and glia were fed with high-fat diet (HL) for 8 or 15 weeks and assessed metabolic parameters, blood pressure, heart rate, autonomic nervous system activity, inflammatory factors and neuropeptides in the hypothalamus and brainstem. The HL mice developed hypertension accompanied with autonomic dysfunction and increased CART in DMH. Transgenic animals when submitted to HL diet developed obesity, but not showed high blood pressure and autonomic dysfunction. In addition, HL animals had increased CCL5 mRNA in hypothalamus, CD86 mRNA in brainstem and micróglia density in caudal NTS. The results suggest new mechanisms for hypertension and autonomic dysfunction secondary to intake of high-fat diet by showing CART role in DMH and the involvement of the inflammatory pathway TLR-NF&#954;B in neurons and glia.
98

Perspective vol. 19 no. 5 (Dec 1985)

Veenkamp, Carol-Ann, Venema, Mark-Philip 31 December 1985 (has links)
No description available.
99

Perspective vol. 19 no. 5 (Dec 1985) / Perspective (Institute for Christian Studies)

Veenkamp, Carol-Ann, Venema, Mark-Philip 26 March 2013 (has links)
No description available.
100

An integrated design process for durable concrete structures at the minimum environmental cost : application with the incorporation of rice husk ash / Μία ολοκληρωμένη διαδικασία σχεδιασμού για ανθεκτικές κατασκευές σκυροδέματος με το ελάχιστο περιβαλλοντικό κόστος : εφαρμογή με την ενσωμάτωση τέφρας φλοιού ρυζιού

Τάπαλη, Τζούλια 07 May 2015 (has links)
The construction industry is the largest consumer of materials in our society. Approximately 40% of all materials used are related to this section of the industry. Equivalent is the impact of the sector’s activities to the environment in terms of non-renewable energy sources (grey energy), gas emissions (mainly CO2), solid waste, etc. With concrete being the most widely used construction material (second only to water in total volumes consumed annually by society) and cement being the essential “glue” in concrete, emphasis should be placed on investigating and enforcing appropriate ways, methodologies and policies, to make cement manufacturing and the construction industry in general a more environmental friendly sector. At the same time, by considering, at one hand the significant amount of research and breakthroughs achieved on structural materials and design, as well as the level of sophistication of the modern European Standards and structural codes, and on the other hand, the increasing cases of premature deterioration of concrete structures, particular emphasis should also be placed on safeguarding the service life of reinforced concrete structures (in addition to tackling their environmental burden). That is why it is very important to introduce the sustainable way of thinking and the concept of industrial ecology on the preliminary design stages of a structure, on the material selection process and on the service life estimation stage, in achieving a robust durable reinforced concrete (RC) structure (for a given service life) with the minimum environmental burden. Thus, the main objective of the present Thesis is to focus on identifying and quantifying a structured framework of the appropriate methodologies in formulating an Integrated Design Process (IDP) for the design of durable and sustainable structures at the minimum environmental and economical cost (without compromising issues of structural safety) and also in identifying and demonstrating ways of industrial ecology for the sustainable development of the cement and construction industry. The present Thesis contributes to the evaluation of the environmental cost of each component of concrete and to provide the best possible mix design configuration (by means of a holistic analytical software tool) in terms of low environmental cost, as well as, to assess this proposed configuration in terms of strength and durability requirements. Overall, it has to be emphasized that through the present Thesis a new indicator is proposed for design purposes: the environmental cost, which can be added to the existing strength, durability and economic cost indicators towards an integrated design optimization of concrete structures. Finally, it is concluded that the incorporation of new Supplementary Cementing Materials (SCM), as biomass ashes and especially Rice Husk Ash (RHA), offers new perspectives for decreasing the environmental cost of constructions. / Η κατασκευαστική βιομηχανία αποτελεί τον μεγαλύτερο καταναλωτή υλικών στην κοινωνία μας. Περίπου το 40% όλων των υλικών που χρησιμοποιούνται σχετίζονται με αυτόν τον τομέα της βιομηχανίας. Αντίστοιχο αντίκτυπο έχουν και οι δραστηριότητες του τομέα στο περιβάλλον σε ότι αφορά τις μη ανανεώσιμες πηγές ενέργειας («γκρίζα» ενέργεια), αέριες εκπομπές (κυρίωςCO2 ), στερεά απόβλητα, κλπ. Δεδομένου ότι το σκυρόδεμα αποτελεί το πιο ευρέως χρησιμοποιούμενο δομικό υλικό (δεύτερο μετά το νερό σε συνολικούς όγκους που καταναλώνονται ετησίως από την κοινωνία) και ότι το τσιμέντο είναι η απαραίτητη «κόλλα» στο σκυρόδεμα, έμφαση πρέπει να δοθεί στη διερεύνηση και επιβολή κατάλληλων τρόπων, μεθοδολογιών και πολιτικών για τη μετατροπή της τσιμεντοβιομηχανίας και της κατασκευαστικής βιομηχανίας σε έναν γενικά περισσότερο περιβαλλοντικά φιλικό τομέα. Ταυτόχρονα, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη από τη μια μεριά τη σημαντική ποσότητα έρευνας και τα επιτεύγματα σχετικά με τα δομικά υλικά και τον σχεδιασμό, και επιπλέον το επίπεδο της επιτήδευσης των σύγχρονων Ευρωπαϊκών Προτύπων και κατασκευαστικών κανονισμών, και από την άλλη μεριά τις αυξανόμενες περιπτώσεις της πρώιμης φθοράς των κατασκευών από σκυρόδεμα, ιδιαίτερη έμφαση θα πρέπει να δοθεί στη διασφάλιση της διάρκειας ζωής των κατασκευών οπλισμένου σκυροδέματος (σε συνδυασμό με την αντιμετώπιση της περιβαλλοντικής τους επιβάρυνσης). Για το λόγο αυτό είναι ιδιαίτερα σημαντική η εισαγωγή του βιώσιμου τρόπου σκέψης και της έννοιας της βιομηχανικής οικολογίας στα προκαταρκτικά στάδια σχεδιασμού μιας κατασκευής, κατά τη διαδικασία επιλογής υλικών και κατά το στάδιο εκτίμησης της διάρκειας ζωής, ώστε να επιτευχθεί μια εύρωστη, ανθεκτική κατασκευή οπλισμένου σκυροδέματος (για δεδομένη διάρκεια ζωής) με την ελάχιστη περιβαλλοντική επιβάρυνση. Συνεπώς, ο κύριος στόχος της παρούσας Διατριβής είναι να επικεντρωθεί στον εντοπισμό και ποσοτικοποίηση ενός δομημένου προτύπου κατάλληλων μεθοδολογιών για τον σχηματισμό μιας Ενοποιημένης Διαδικασίας Σχεδιασμού για τον σχεδιασμό ανθεκτικών και βιώσιμων κατασκευών με το ελάχιστο περιβαλλοντικό και οικονομικό κόστος (χωρίς συμβιβασμούς σε θέματα που άπτονται της κατασκευαστικής ασφάλειας) και επίσης για την αναγνώριση και επίδειξη τρόπων βιομηχανικής οικολογίας για την βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη της βιομηχανίας τσιμέντου και σκυροδέματος. Η παρούσα Διατριβή συνεισφέρει στην αξιολόγηση του περιβαλλοντικού κόστους κάθε συστατικού του σκυροδέματος αλλά και στην παροχή ενός καλύτερου δυνατού σχεδιασμού σύνθεσης σκυροδέματος (μέσω ενός ολιστικού αναλυτικού λογισμικού) υπό όρους χαμηλού περιβαλλοντικού κόστους, καθώς και στο να αξιολογήσει την προτεινόμενη σύνθεση υπό όρους αντοχής και απαιτήσεων ανθεκτικότητας. Συνολικά, πρέπει να τονισθεί ότι στη παρούσα Διατριβή προτείνεται για πρώτη φορά ένας νέος δείκτης για σκοπούς σχεδιασμού: το περιβαλλοντικό κόστος, το οποίο μπορεί να προστεθεί στους υπάρχοντες δείκτες αντοχής, ανθεκτικότητας και οικονομικού κόστους προς μια ολοκληρωμένη αριστοποίηση σχεδιασμού κατασκευών από σκυρόδεμα. Τέλος, προκύπτει το συμπέρασμα ότι η ενσωμάτωση νέων συμπληρωματικών υδραυλικών υλικών (SCM: Supplementary Cementing Materials), όπως οι τέφρες βιομάζας και ειδικά η τέφρα φλοιού ρυζιού (RHA: Rice Husk Ash), προσφέρει νέες προοπτικές για τη μείωση του περιβαλλοντικού κόστους σκυροδέματος.

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