Det är viktigt att ha god språkförmåga och ett brett ordförråd för kunskapsinhämtning och kommunikation. Idag ställs det höga krav på språkförståelse, därtill förståelse av metaforer. Metaforer är en typ av figurativt språk vars tolkning inte är bokstavlig. Därtill behövs det mer kunskap om figurativt språk hos gruppen ungdomar med cochleaimplantat (CI). Syftet med examensarbetet var att undersöka metaforkunskap hos svensktalande ungdomar med CI i relation till ålder när deltagarna fick sitt första cochleaimplantat (CI1), expressivt ordförråd och pragmatisk förmåga. I studien ingick 17 svensktalande ungdomar med CI i åldern 12 – 20 år. Deltagarna rekryterades via mottagningen för hörselimplantat vid Karolinska universitetssjukhuset. Sexton deltagare hade bilaterala CI och en hade bimodal hörsel (ett CI och en hörapparat). Genomsnittlig ålder för CI1 var 15 månader. Metaforkunskap bedömdes med hjälp av en norsk metaforuppgift översatt till svenska, expressivt ordförråd med Boston namning test (BNT) och pragmatisk förmåga med ett föräldraformulär (CCC-2). Deltagarnas svarsmotiveringar av metaforuppgiften transkriberades och analyserades med en kvalitativ svarsanalys. Resultaten visade att ungdomar med CI uppvisar metaforförståelse. Dock varierar den inom gruppen avseende antalet korrekt valda svarsalternativ. Ytterligare fynd indikerar att det finns ett måttligt negativt statistiskt signifikant samband mellan ålder vid CI1 och resultatet på metaforuppgiften. Ju yngre ålder vid CI1, desto bättre resultat på metaforuppgiften. En slutsats är att det finns en stor variation gällande metaforkunskap inom gruppen ungdomar med CI. Den kvalitativa analysen visar på en hög grad av diskrepans mellan val av rätt svarsalternativ, och otillräcklig eller felaktig motivering av det aktuella svarsalternativet. Tidig ålder vid CI tycks ha en gynnsam effekt på högre språkliga förmågor som metaforkunskap. Dock behövs det fler liknande studier, i större kohorter och med hörande kontrollgrupp. / It is important to have good language skills and a broad vocabulary for knowledge acquisition and communication. Today, there are high demands on language comprehension, which includes the understanding of metaphors. Metaphors are one type of figurative language whose interpretation is not literal. Therefore, more knowledge about figurative language in the group of teenagers and young adults with cochlear implant (CI) is needed. The aim of the study was to investigate metaphor knowledge in Swedish - speaking teenagers and young adults with CI in relation to implantation age of the first CI (CI1), expressive vocabulary and pragmatic ability. The study included 17 participants with CI between the ages of 12 and 20 years. They were recruited by the Hearing Implant Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital. Sixteen participants had bilateral CI and one had bimodal hearing (one CI and one hearing aid). The average age at CI1 was 15 months. Participants' metaphor knowledge was assessed using a Norwegian metaphor task translated to Swedish, expressive vocabulary with the Boston Naming Test (BNT), and pragmatic ability with a parent questionnaire (CCC-2). The participants' motivations in the metaphor task were transcribed and analyzed using a qualitative response analysis. The results showed that young people with CI exhibits metaphor understanding. However, it varies within the group regarding the number of correctly selected responses. Further findings indicate that there is a moderate negative statistically significant relationship between age at CI1 and the results of the metaphor task. One conclusion is that there is a large variation regarding metaphor knowledge within the group of teenagers and young adults with CI. The qualitative analysis shows a high degree of discrepancy between the choice of correct answer option and insufficient or incorrect justification of the given answer. Early age at CI1 appears to have a beneficial effect on higher language abilities such as metaphor knowledge. However, further studies are needed, preferable in larger cohorts and with a hearing control group.

The subject of the research is the development of a mobile application for interaction with Directum Rx for a Russian operating system. The purpose of the work is to analyze the possibilities of implementing a mobile application for interaction with Directum Rx for a Russian OS. Research methods: comparative analysis for choosing a Russian mobile operating system; comparative analysis for choosing a set of tools for developing a mobile application for a Russian mobile operating system; literature analysis to study the necessary functionality of the application, build the architecture of the mobile application, study the documentation on the development of mobile applications for the Russian mobile operating system. The result of the work is a conducted study of Russian mobile OS, an analysis of the tools for developing application software defined for a Russian mobile OS, a designed architecture of a mobile application for a specific Russian operating system and automation of the development process. Based on the results of the work, the results were implemented in the company OOO Starkov Group. / Предмет исследования является разработка мобильного приложения для взаимодействия с Directum Rx под российскую операционную систему. Цель работы – анализ возможностей реализации мобильного приложения для взаимодействия с Directum Rx под российскую ОС. Методы исследования: сравнительный анализ по выбору российской мобильной операционной системы; сравнительный анализ по выбору набора инструментов для разработки мобильного приложения под российскую мобильную операционную систему; анализ литературы для изучения необходимого функционала приложения, построения архитектуры мобильного приложения, изучения документации по разработке мобильных приложения под российскую мобильную операционную систему. Результатом работы является проведенное исследование российских мобильных ОС, проведенный анализ инструментов разработки прикладного ПО определенную под российскую мобильную ОС, спроектированная архитектура мобильного приложения под определенную российскую операционную систему и автоматизация процесса разработки. По итогам работы результаты были внедрены в компании ООО «Старков Групп».

published_or_final_version / Chinese / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF) are one of the most fascinating, but least understood ecosystems in the world, and the interest in the carbon (C) cycle of TMCFs with regard to carbon sequestration and storage practices has increased rapidly in recent years. One feature that prevails in all TMCFs is a decrease in aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and standing biomass and leaf area index (LAI) with increasing altitude, together with the stunted growth form of the trees. This thesis focuses on the input part of the TMCF C-cycle, and investigates the controlling factors on photosynthesis on a leaf, canopy, and ecosystem level in the Kosñipata valley in south east Peru, on the eastern slope of the Andes (13º11’28’’S / 71º35’24’’W). Leaf traits are known to relate to foliar C-exchange, and compared with other altitudinal transect studies of TMCFs, the studied sites had similar altitudinal trends for foliar nitrogen (N) content (though not for phosphorus) and leaf mass per area (LMA), with N content decreasing and LMA increasing with altitude. N concentrations were relatively high and LMA values relatively low, but this observed relationship was consistent with those found in global leaf trait surveys. Examining plant stoichiometry (i.e. N:P ratios), the data suggests that unlike the general hypothesis, the Kosñipata forests are not N limited, except for the study site at 2990 m a.s.l. At the 2990 m a.s.l. site, which is the focal study site of the thesis, photosynthetic parameters Vcmax (the carboxylation efficiency of the Rubisco protein) and Jmax (the electron transport efficiency) proved to be similar to those found in lowland tropical rainforest leaves when expressed on an area basis and standardised to 25 °C (55.6 ± 2.6 and 106.5 ± 5.2 mmol m-2 s-1, for Vcmax and Jmax, respectively). However, when standardised to the mean ambient TMCF temperature of 12.5 °C, both photosynthetic parameters were much lower than ambient tropical rainforest Vcmax and Jmax values. The TMCF Jmax -Vcmax relationships were steeper than found in other tropical biomes, indicating a possible adaptation to the lower light availability in TMCFs because of frequent cloud cover, or a consequence of little atmospheric evaporative demand, which is also due to the humid conditions in this forest type. Although N-Vcmax relationships were significant (P<0.05), the fit was not very strong and the relationship between nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and Vcmax indicates that TMCF species can be regarded as a different plant functional type compared with other tropical forest types. Diurnal measurements of net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs) and leaf water potential (Yleaf) showed that different TMCF species experienced non-contrasting diurnal patterns of Yleaf and gs in the dry season. The observed patterns suggest that some TMCF species can be classified as isohydric species, while others behave anisohydrically. Additionally, in situ gs was not very responsive to these to the range of experienced photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), vapour pressure deficit (VPD) or soil water content (SWC), leading to the conclusion that in the studied TMCF, drought stress does not play a role in C-uptake. When using the measured photosynthetic parameters for up-scaling C-uptake to stand scale with a Soil-Plant-Atmosphere model, simulated annual gross primary productivity (GPP) was 16.24 ±1.6 T C ha-1 yr-1, which is about half the GPP observed in neotropical lowland rainforests. Analyses of the modelled results showed that GPP in this TMCF is mostly controlled by temperature, PAR and leaf area index (LAI) and when increasing these three factors to values found in tropical lowland forest, GPP increased up to 75%. In addition, the modelled results indicate that hydraulic limitations on TMCF C-uptake are very unlikely under current climatic conditions. The modelled results also showed that increases in radiation as a result of less cloud cover do not translate to straightforward increases of GPP. The cloudy conditions of TMCFs, which reduced incident PAR in TMCFs, should therefore not be regarded simply as a negative control on TMCF GPP. Instead, the increase in fraction of diffuse radiation partially offsets the decrease in GPP following the reduction in PAR. Overall, the results of this study show that leaves of Andean TMCF forests have similar C-uptake capacity to tropical lowland rainforests when standardized to similar temperatures, but that for in situ C-uptake temperature, radiation and LAI are the key controls.

Unfortunately, cyber-attacks, which are the consequence of our increasing dependence on digital technology, is a phenomenon that we have to live with today. As technology becomes more advanced and complex, so have the types of malware that are used in these cyber-attacks. Currently, targeted cyber-attacks directed at CIIs such as financial institutions and telecom companies are on the rise. A particular group of malware known as APTs, which are used for targeted attacks, are very difficult to detect and prevent due to their sophisticated and stealthy nature. These malwares are able to attack and wreak havoc (in the targeted system) within a matter of seconds; this is very worrying because traditional cyber security defence systems cannot handle these attacks. The solution, as proposed by some in the industry, is the use of BDA systems. However, whilst it appears that BDA has achieved greater success at large companies, little is known about success at smaller companies. Also, there is scarcity of research addressing how BDA is deployed for the purpose of detecting and preventing cyber-attacks on CII. This research examines and discusses the effectiveness of the use of BDA for detecting cyber-attacks and also describes how such a system is deployed. To establish the effectiveness of using a BDA, a survey by questionnaire was conducted. The target audience of the survey were large corporations that were likely to use such systems for cyber security. The research concludes that a BDA system is indeed a powerful and effective tool, and currently the best method for protecting CIIs against the range of stealthy cyber-attacks. Also, a description of how such a system is deployed is abstracted into a model of meaningful practice.

Bei der Anpassung eines Cochlea-Implantates (CI) entscheidet der Patient über die Lautstärke, mit der das CI ihm seine akustische Umwelt präsentiert. Mit der Methode der „kategorialen Lautheitsskalierung“ wurden Lautheitsurteile unilateraler CI-Träger ermittelt und ausgewertet. 26 unilateral versorgte CI-Träger beurteilten in 4 Versuchsabschnitten je einen Stimulustyp, der 169 mal mit 13 unterschiedlichen Lautstärken in festem zeitlichem Raster sequenziell dargeboten wurde. Der Sequenzaufbau stellte jeden Pegel jedem anderen möglichen Pegel als Vorgänger voran. Von jedem der Probanden wurden so 676 Lautheitsurteile erhoben und der statistischen Auswertung zugeführt. Probandenindividuell schwankten die Lautheitsurteile in Lage und Streuung. Mehrere Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit sind annähernd identisch mit denen einer Referenzgruppe von 26 Normalhörenden, die in einer Vorgängerarbeit mit dem gleichen Versuchsaufbau getestet worden waren. So wurden schmalbandige Stimuli signifikant leiser beurteilt als breitbandige. Beide Probandenkollektive zeigten eine positive Vorgängerpegelabhängigkeit sowie eine (signifikant stärkere) Vorgängerurteilsabhängigkeit. Sowohl bei den CI-Trägern als auch bei den Normalhörenden ging jede Erhöhung des Pegels um 5 dB mit einer signifikanten Erhöhung des Lautheitsurteils einher (strenge Monotonität). Die Lautheitsempfindungskurve der CI-Träger über alle Probanden und Stimuli verlief kontinuierlich unterhalb der der Normalhörenden. So wurde bei Sprachlautstärke (60–70 dB) gleiche Lautheit in der CI-Gruppe im Vergleich zur Referenzgruppe bei ca. 5 dB höheren Pegeln empfunden. Die unterschiedliche Lautheitsempfindung ist hinreichend durch die binaurale Hörsituation der Normalhörenden im Gegensatz zur monauralen der CI-Gruppe zu erklären. Es muss angenommen werden, dass die getesteten CI-Träger mit mindestens sechs Anpasssitzungen vor der Versuchsteilnahme über ausreichend Erfahrung zur Festlegung ihrer individuellen, idealen Lautstärke für den Alltagsgebrauch verfügten und diese an der Sprachlautstärke orientierten. Es bleibt Gegenstand weiterer Untersuchungen, warum unilaterale CI-Träger trotz der technischen Möglichkeit im Rahmen der Anpasssitzungen keine Kompensation des Lautheitsunterschiedes wünschen. / To investigate the overall level of loudness perception of cochlear implant (CI) users, 26 unilaterally implanted subjects (Med-El C40+ with Tempo+-processor) performed loudness scaling tasks. Four different types of stimuli, two narrow band and two broad band signals (1 kHz pure tone, warble tone, CCITT speech spectrum noise and a speech signal of 1 s duration each) were presented at 13 different SPLs in 5 db steps from 30 dB to 90 dB. The stimuli were presented in free field condition in an anechoic chamber. Each stimulus type was presented 169 times. This main sequence of SPLs was designed such, that each was offered 13 times and each SPL preceded each possible other. An additional initial sequence of SPLs, unrecognized by the subject, preceded the main sequence to allow for possible adaptation. Loudness judgments were made on a 1 to 50 scale, which was subdivided into five main loudness categories. Responses had to be given within a time window of four seconds. Depending on the individual CI user, loudness judgments varied in overall level and variance. In group statistics, judgments were strictly monotonic increasing with SPL, where each step of 5 dB was accompanied by a statistically significant increase in loudness judgment. Broad band stimuli were judged significantly louder than narrow band stimuli. A positive correlation of judgments both with the preceding SPL and the preceding judgment was found. In comparison to a reference group of 26 normal hearing listeners tested in the same setup in a preliminary work, the 26 CI users exhibited surprisingly similar results except for overall loudness level, especially in the lower SPL region. Generally, stimuli were judged significantly quieter than by normal hearing listeners. To produce the same loudness perception as in normal hearing listeners, approximately 5 dB higher SPLs would be necessary. The difference in loudness perception of the two groups can possibly be attributed to binaural loudness summation in normal hearing listeners as opposed to monaural hearing in the CI group. In the course of repeated mapping sessions and by adjusting their clinical processors, CI users have the option to decide about their CI system's loudness level. Assuming that binaural normal hearing establishes the optimal loudness perception, the question remains open, why CI users do not request loudness adjustment.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:47:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 431027.pdf: 4521875 bytes, checksum: c2c0593571a05e04661ac5e3666e1cc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-24 / Esta disserta??o teve por objetivo compreender o desenvolvimento do pensamento arqueol?gico no Estado do Paran?. Considerando a historicidade da ci?ncia e os contextos de produ??o de ideias, tal estudo buscou entender os mecanismos e estrat?gias levadas a cabo por Jos? Loureiro Fernandes para promover cursos de aperfei?oamento na Universidade do Paran?, nas d?cadas de 1950 a 1970. A fim de organizar as ideias no tempo e no espa?o, a disserta??o foi dividida em quatro cap?tulos. Nos dois primeiros, de forma introdut?ria e sobre o desenvolvimento da ci?ncia paranaense, buscou-se mapear as principais informa??es no campo da arqueologia paranaense produzidas at? a d?cada de 1950, seja por viajantes e colecionadores particulares, seja por autodidatas no Museu Paranaense. A partir da constata??o de Loureiro Fernandes da destrui??o de s?tios arqueol?gicos e, havendo car?ncia de t?cnicas e teorias para uma interven??o adequada e, ainda, devido ao decl?nio das atividades do Museu, notou-se a transfer?ncia das atividades para o ?mbito da Universidade do Paran? no in?cio da d?cada de 1950. Com poucos recursos financeiros algumas pesquisas foram realizadas, acompanhadas por estudantes que tomavam contato com modelos e m?todos de escava??o. Da documenta??o analisada, observou-se o intenso empenho pol?ticopedag?gico de Loureiro Fernandes junto aos ?rg?os de fomento, e entre contatos e viagem internacionais, tomava forma mais clara seu projeto de promover cursos regulares para capacitar estudantes universit?rios interessados na pesquisa arqueol?gica. Com a cria??o do CEPA em 1956, alguns destes cursos foram analisados, como os promovidos pelo casal franc?s Joseph Emperaire e Annette Laming, Wesley Hurt, o casal norte-americano Clifford Evans e Betty Meggers, e outros professores brasileiros. Como resultado dos cursos, alunos foram capacitados para enfrentar os problemas arqueol?gicos brasileiros, teorias foram discutidas e testadas, terminologias criadas, metodologias aperfei?oadas, enfim, da mistura de vis?es de ci?ncia propiciou-se um repert?rio pr?prio, visto atualmente por muitos daqueles alunos como de suma import?ncia para o desenvolvimento da arqueologia brasileira, que naquela ?poca encontrava-se em fase quase amadora.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:12:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 400803.pdf: 947266 bytes, checksum: 5019355686e387f3f8adc71c7df5ab9c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-28 / O estudo relativo ? reconstru??o do conhecimento dos alunos sobre o fen?meno natural do ciclo da ?gua por meio de Unidade de Aprendizagem teve como ponto de partida a an?lise de documentos sobre o contexto da investiga??o referente ?s escolas da Regi?o de abrang?ncia do Munic?pio de Erechim, do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e do Brasil com consulta aos dados dispon?veis no Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais An?sio Teixeira (INEP/MEC). Essa etapa foi importante para compreender a situa??o atual da Educa??o nessa Regi?o, em especial na ?rea de Ci?ncias. Com base nessas informa??es e a partir da identifica??o dos conhecimentos pr?vios dos alunos de uma turma de 5? s?rie do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola da rede estadual de ensino, durante as aulas de Ci?ncias, a pesquisa buscou compreender de que modo ocorre o processo de reconstru??o do conhecimento desses alunos sobre o fen?meno natural do ciclo da ?gua. Foram coletadas informa??es por meio de um question?rio inicial. Ap?s, os alunos elaboraram perguntas que serviram de base para a organiza??o da Unidade de Aprendizagem. No decorrer do estudo, foram registradas no di?rio de aula as principais observa??es realizadas e, nesse per?odo, os alunos visitaram o Museu de Ci?ncias e Tecnologia da PUCRS, com a finalidade de conhecer os experimentos interativos relacionados ao ciclo da ?gua que integraram a Unidade de Aprendizagem. Na seq??ncia, foi aplicado o question?rio final para identificar o crescimento em rela??o aos conhecimentos pr?vios e para identificar as novas representa??es dos alunos sobre o tema estudado. Foi solicitado, ainda, nos question?rios inicial e final, que os alunos fizessem desenhos sobre o fen?meno estudado, cuja an?lise tamb?m integrou o trabalho. Por ?ltimo, os alunos foram entrevistados para conhecimento de suas percep??es em rela??o ?s experi?ncias vivenciadas ao longo da Unidade de Aprendizagem. Tanto os question?rios quanto as entrevistas e os registros no di?rio de aula foram analisados por meio de an?lise textual discursiva. A investiga??o permitiu concluir que ? preciso conhecer a comunidade escolar, partir dos conhecimentos pr?vios relacionandos ? teoria e ? pr?tica e oferecer atividades diversificadas que contribuam para que os alunos atribuam novos significados aos fen?menos, de modo que os conhecimentos se tornem mais complexos e cient?ficos.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:12:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 401120.pdf: 2337837 bytes, checksum: fb1d43f8c393e8c4788362199f822c3c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-03 / The current research is an attempt to evaluate how the origins of life are presented in Biology text books used by public schools in Rio Grande do Sul (the southern-most state of Brazil). An important motivation to collect that kind of information is the fact that the Brazilian Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC) spends a considerable amount of money with acquisition and distribution of books to Brazilian public schools, supporting programmes for appreciation and evaluation of currently available books on the market. Another motivation is the fact that Biology text books represent one of the factors responsible for the academic formation of students in Rio Grande do Sul on the subject of the origin of life. This qualitative study is based upon several proposals that are already in action in this country. Books were collected in public schools of Porto Alegre with more than a thousand students, keeping in mind that such books are important sources for the propagation of ideas of the respective authors. The choices made by those schools serve as a basis for many others in Rio Grande do Sul. This way we intend to check if the guidelines of the "Par?metros Curriculares Nacionais" (PCN, National Curricular Parameters) and the "Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educa??o" (LDB, Education Directives and Bases Law) are observed in the text books, regarding the subject of the approach for the origin of life and about building the model that might represent it better. This study is a first attempt to build a more solid proposal for works about text book related problems. That this research might be helpful for teachers, since it is intended to provide information to help in the choice of approach for the current subject and its implications, as well as about the choice for didactic resources to be used / A presente pesquisa busca analisar a forma como as origens da vida s?o abordadas nos livros did?ticos de Biologia do Ensino M?dio, nas escolas p?blicas ga?chas. Essa busca por informa??es ? referendada pelo fato de o Minist?rio da Educa??o e Cultura (MEC) gastar grandes somas de dinheiro com a aquisi??o e distribui??o de livros ?s escolas p?blicas brasileiras, mantendo programas de valoriza??o e avalia??o dos livros hoje dispon?veis no mercado, bem como, em ?ltima an?lise, ser o livro did?tico de Biologia um dos fatores respons?veis pela forma??o cient?fica, sobre a origem da vida, dos educandos em todo o territ?rio ga?cho. Essa an?lise qualitativa tem como base v?rias propostas j? em a??o no nosso pa?s. O material de an?lise se baseia na coleta em escolas p?blicas ga?chas que possuem mais de mil alunos, do livro utilizado para esse fim, sabendo que este ? fonte de grande dissemina??o da id?ia do(s) autor(es) ali adotado(s), na regi?o de Porto Alegre, que serve de base a muitas escolas em nosso Estado. Assim se pretende verificar se os direcionamentos dos Par?metros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) e a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educa??o (LDB), no que tange ? abordagem da origem da vida e da constru??o do modelo que melhor poderia represent?-lo, s?o observados nos livros-texto utilizados. Essa an?lise ? uma primeira tentativa de construir uma proposta mais s?lida no encaminhamento dos trabalhos referentes ? problem?tica do livro did?tico. Esta pesquisa pode auxiliar os professores, de maneira que eles possam ter mais subs?dios na escolha e proposta de trabalho quanto ao tema e suas implica??es, na escolha do material did?tico a ser utilizado

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:12:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 401955.pdf: 1832763 bytes, checksum: e5aefe2b7b6d88960f5f3a2fd7b7cb80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-26 / O ensino de Ci?ncias tem como uma de suas fun??es a constru??o de uma nova linguagem que possibilite a amplia??o da leitura do mundo. A apropria??o deste tipo de linguagem requer uma constante impregna??o, al?m de abordagens din?micas que permitam aos alunos desenvolverem seus saberes de maneira l?gica e cr?tica. O uso das hist?rias em quadrinhos pode possibilitar o desenvolvimento do conhecimento cient?fico devido ao seu car?ter singular de express?o que desperta a criatividade e a imagina??o. O objetivo desta disserta??o foi analisar a interpreta??o que alunos da sexta s?rie do Ensino Fundamental fazem a partir dos quadrinhos, al?m de investigar a sua utiliza??o como instrumento did?tico. Para isso, foram coletadas interpreta??es dos alunos sobre tirinhas do N?quel N?usea. Tamb?m foi desenvolvido um trabalho de pesquisa que teve como ponto de partida tirinhas que os pr?prios alunos levaram para a aula. A pesquisa apresenta uma abordagem natural?stica-construtiva, e as informa??es foram analisadas por meio da An?lise Textual Discursiva (MORAES; GALIAZZI, 2007). As hist?rias em quadrinhos demonstraram ser uma importante ferramenta que aproxima a vida escolar com o cotidiano dos alunos, o que pode facilitar a verifica??o dos conhecimentos pr?vios. A utiliza??o dos quadrinhos nas aulas de Ci?ncias n?o pretende ser uma metodologia ?nica, tratando-se apenas de mais uma op??o para a alfabetiza??o cient?fica.