L’ouverture d’une procédure collective emporte, par principe, interdiction de payer toute créance née antérieurement au jugement d’ouverture. Si ce principe directeur du droit des entreprises en difficulté semble au premier abord péremptoire, il faut pourtant constater qu’il est assorti d’exceptions. Certains créanciers sont, en effet, en mesure de bénéficier d’un paiement immédiat au cours de la période d’observation, de telle sorte qu’ils voient leur droit au paiement maintenu. Ces dérogations à l’interdiction des paiements étonnent et suscitent l’intérêt quant à leurs finalités et bénéficiaires. En effet, si d’ordinaire le paiement s’analyse comme un mécanisme à la faveur du créancier, il semble qu’au sein d’une procédure collective son appréhension et sa fonction sont renouvelées. Le paiement peut ainsi se muer en un mécanisme réalisé en faveur du débiteur, c'est-à-dire être instrumentalisé et utilisé comme un outil encourageant la continuation de son activité. Ce n’est que dans des situations particulières et restreintes qu’il est de nouveau appréhendé comme un mécanisme au bénéfice exclusif du créancier. / The opening of a collective insolvency proceeding requires, out of principle, prohibition of payment of any debts arisen prior to the opening judgement. Even though this governing principle of bankruptcy law seems peremptory at first, one has to say that it is accompanied by exceptions. Some creditors, indeed, are able to benefit from immediate payment during the observation period, in such a way that their rights to claim are protected. Such a dispensation from the prohibition of payment evokes and arouses interest as regards its purposes and beneficiaries. Actually, although payment is generally perceived as a mechanism that favors the creditor, its comprehension and function seem like renewed within a collective insolvency proceeding. Thereby, the payment evolves into a mechanism carried out in favor of the debtor, in other words, the payment is instrumentalized and used as a tool supporting the continuation of his activity. It is only in specific and limited circumstances that the payment is once again considered as a mechanism for the exclusive benefit of the creditor.

The hierarchical B picture coding is introduced into the extension of H.264/AVC in order to improve coding performance and provide temporal scalability as well. In general, coding performance is affected by the content variation in each GOP (Group of Picture). Therefore, the ways to determine the size of sun-GOP is a critical problem for video coding. In this thesis, the adaptive GOP structure determination scheme is proposed to select the appropriate sub-GOP size with content complexity consideration. We compute the frame difference by hierarchical B picture structure and use the information to be a basis of sub-GOP decision. Hence, we can get proper combination of sub-GOP. Experimental results show the RD curves that our proposed method compares with the fixed GOP setting in the existing hierarchical B picture coding of SVC.

Magistro baigiamasis darbas skirtas apžvelgti vienai iš civilinių ginčų sprendimo procedūrai – taikinamajam tarpininkavimui. Darbe apžvelgiamas bei analizuojamas taikinamojo tarpininkavimo teisinis reglamentavimas, šios procedūros taikymo civiliniuose ginčuose pagrindiniai privalumai, trūkumai, principai, dabartinė tarpininkavimo teisinė ir praktinė aplinka. Lietuvoje taikinamojo tarpininkavimo procedūra įtvirtinta 2008 m. priėmus Lietuvos Respublikos civilinių ginčų taikinamojo tarpininkavimo įstatymą. Darbe analizuotos šio įstatymo nuostatos, kiti tarpininkavimą reglamentuojantys teisės aktai, teorija ir praktika. Analizės pagrindu pateikiamos išvados ir pasiūlymai. Darbas naudingas tuo, kad jame pateikiama civilinių ginčų taikinamojo tarpininkavimo sampratą formuojantys elementai: apžvelgiama teisės aktuose naudojama terminologija, suformuluojami taikinamojo tarpininkavimo tikslai, nustatomi pagrindiniai privalumai ir trūkumai. Remiantis šiuo darbu galima toliau tęsti tyrimus apie taikinamojo tarpininkavimo procedūros reglamentavimą, efektyvumo didinimą, Teisminės mediacijos Lietuvoje tobulinimą, platesnį tarpininkavimo taikymą civilinių ginčų sprendime. / Master's final thesis dedicated for an overview of one of the civil dispute resolution procedure - conciliatory mediation. The thesis provides an overview and analysis of the conciliatory mediation legal regulation, main advantages and disadvantages of this procedure in civil disputes, the principles of mediation, current legal and practical environment. The procedure of conciliatory mediation established in 2008 by adoption the Law of Republic of Lithuania on Conciliatory Mediation of Civil Disputes. The provisions of the law, other legislation, theory and practice are analyzed in this thesis. There are conclusions and suggestions provided according to analysis. This thesis is useful because it provides conciliatory mediation of civil disputes concept-forming elements: an overview of the terminology used in legislation, the framing of the conciliatory mediation objectives, identified main advantages and disadvantages. Following to this thesis, there are possible to continue research on the conciliatory mediation procedure regulation, efficiency, improvement of Court mediation in Lithuania and a wider application of mediation in civil disputes resolution.

Die moreel-etiese ontwikkeling van middel-adolessente in die een en twintigste eeu word deur talle faktore beïnvloed. In hierdie studie val die klem spesifiek op die invloed wat sommige tipes musiek in die middel-adolessent se lewe uitoefen. Veral gedurende adolessensie wat as ‘n tyd van onsekerheid gekenmerk word, kan die invloed van sommige musiek ‘n negatiewe uitwerking op hulle lewe uitoefen. Middel-adolessente moet gedurende hierdie lewensfase die versekering hê dat hulle hulself na hulle ouers en kerkleiers kan wend, ten einde leiding te ontvang en toegerus te word om enige negatiewe boodskappe wat in sommige musiek voorkom, te identifiseer en pro-aktief daarmee te handel. Hierdie studie is onderneem vanuit die Pinkstertradisie en spesifiek die AGS-Kerk, met die doel om die kerk se moontlike rol in die moreel-etiese toerusting van middel-adolessente te bespreek. In hierdie navorsing is beide kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe navorsingsmetodes gebruik wat getoon het dat musiek ‘n negatiewe invloed op die ontwikkeling van middel-adolessente se lewe kan uitoefen. Daar is gevind dat musiek middel-adolessente onder meer kan aanmoedig om alkohol en dwelmmiddels te misbruik, seksueel losbandig te wees, gewelddadig en rebels op te tree, by homoseksuele praktyke betrokke te raak, eiesinnig te wees en leuens te vertel. Middel-adolessente benodig hulp en volgens die Bybel het ouers en kerkleiers die verantwoordelikheid om kinders moreel-eties toe te rus. In hierdie studie is die grammaties-historiese metode van eksegese ingespan om vanuit die Efésiërsbrief riglyne neer te lê wat AGS pastore/jeugpastore kan gebruik om middel-adolessente moreel-eties toe te rus. / MA (Pastoral studies), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Die moreel-etiese ontwikkeling van middel-adolessente in die een en twintigste eeu word deur talle faktore beïnvloed. In hierdie studie val die klem spesifiek op die invloed wat sommige tipes musiek in die middel-adolessent se lewe uitoefen. Veral gedurende adolessensie wat as ‘n tyd van onsekerheid gekenmerk word, kan die invloed van sommige musiek ‘n negatiewe uitwerking op hulle lewe uitoefen. Middel-adolessente moet gedurende hierdie lewensfase die versekering hê dat hulle hulself na hulle ouers en kerkleiers kan wend, ten einde leiding te ontvang en toegerus te word om enige negatiewe boodskappe wat in sommige musiek voorkom, te identifiseer en pro-aktief daarmee te handel. Hierdie studie is onderneem vanuit die Pinkstertradisie en spesifiek die AGS-Kerk, met die doel om die kerk se moontlike rol in die moreel-etiese toerusting van middel-adolessente te bespreek. In hierdie navorsing is beide kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe navorsingsmetodes gebruik wat getoon het dat musiek ‘n negatiewe invloed op die ontwikkeling van middel-adolessente se lewe kan uitoefen. Daar is gevind dat musiek middel-adolessente onder meer kan aanmoedig om alkohol en dwelmmiddels te misbruik, seksueel losbandig te wees, gewelddadig en rebels op te tree, by homoseksuele praktyke betrokke te raak, eiesinnig te wees en leuens te vertel. Middel-adolessente benodig hulp en volgens die Bybel het ouers en kerkleiers die verantwoordelikheid om kinders moreel-eties toe te rus. In hierdie studie is die grammaties-historiese metode van eksegese ingespan om vanuit die Efésiërsbrief riglyne neer te lê wat AGS pastore/jeugpastore kan gebruik om middel-adolessente moreel-eties toe te rus. / MA (Pastoral studies), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Polypharmacy, the use of five or more medications, is a public health epidemic that leads to high health care utilization and costs in older adults globally. Health care organizations and professionals have used interdisciplinary collaboration (IC) interventions to reduce polypharmacy and health care costs with little benefit. There is limited research and integration of IC with an evidence-based practice (EBP) guideline among primary care providers (PCPs) in the primary care setting. The aims of this Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project were to conduct a knowledge and needs assessment via Qualtrics survey to identify PCPs’ current knowledge, practices, and perceptions regarding IC and the American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Beers Criteria on reducing older adult polypharmacy in an urban primary care setting; and to assess PCPs’ interest in participating in IC with a pharmacist using the AGS Beers Criteria. The responses obtained from the Qualtrics survey revealed PCPs were comfortable in communicating to older adults about polypharmacy; however, PCPs with longer practice experiences displayed misconceptions due to lack of familiarity and interest in participating in IC using the AGS Beers Criteria. Overall, 70% of PCPs felt comfortable about participating in IC alone, 50% of PCPs were familiar with IC, and 60% of PCPs used the AGS Beers Criteria. Even though 60% of PCPs felt comfortable about participating in IC based on AGS Beers Criteria with a pharmacist, only 50% of PCPs were interested in participating IC with a pharmacist using AGS Beers Criteria. Barriers and recommendations are discussed further in this DNP Project paper.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(生命科学) / 甲第24329号 / 生博第488号 / 新制||生||65(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院生命科学研究科統合生命科学専攻 / (主査)教授 野田 岳志, 教授 杉田 昌彦, 教授 垣塚 彰 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy in Life Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

Šiame darbe nagrinėjamas civilinio proceso ir taikinamojo tarpininkavimo procedūros civiliniuose ginčuose santykis Lietuvoje. Pagrindinis dėmesys sutelkiamas į civilinio proceso ir taikinamojo tarpininkavimo tarpusavio santykio modelius tokius kaip: teisminio taikinamojo tarpininkavimo modelis, neteisminio taikinamojo tarpininkavimo modelis, nukreipiamojo taikinamojo tarpininkavimo modelis. Taip pat darbe lyginami civilinio proceso bei taikinamojo tarpininkavimo procedūros civiliniuose ginčuose pagrindiniai principai, ieškoma jų panašumų skirtumų, tiriama kaip principai lemia nagrinėjamų ginčų sprendimo procesų veikimą. Darbe taip pat siekiama nustatyti ar tam tikros ginčo savybės turi įtakos tam, kuris ginčo sprendimo būdas gali būti labiau tinkamas jo išsprendimui. / This thesis is analyzing relation between civil process and mediation in Lithuania. The main focus is on models of relation between civil process and mediation such as: in court mediation, out of court mediation, diverted mediation. The thesis also puts main principles of civil process and mediation in comparison, analyses similarities, differences and how the principles influence the way process works. Also this thesis researches if some particular forms of conflicts can be more suitable to specific dispute resolution methods.

Submitted by ANELISE RIBEIRO PERES (ane.medvet@hotmail.com) on 2018-09-18T23:21:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE DOUTORADO definitivo_ANELISE.pdf: 1833795 bytes, checksum: 8953d732ef286f330a73fc84245f9111 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Neli Silvia Pereira null (nelisps@fcav.unesp.br) on 2018-09-19T16:44:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 peres_ar_dr_jabo.pdf: 1833795 bytes, checksum: 8953d732ef286f330a73fc84245f9111 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-19T16:44:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 peres_ar_dr_jabo.pdf: 1833795 bytes, checksum: 8953d732ef286f330a73fc84245f9111 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-27 / Na bovinocultura de corte, a alimentação corresponde ao maior custo associado à produção de carne. A avaliação do consumo alimentar residual (CAR) tem sido uma ferramenta importante para direcionar a seleção de bovinos de corte e otimizar economicamente esta atividade. No entanto, alguns estudos mostram uma diminuição da motilidade, do perímetro escrotal, uma menor taxa de prenhez e parto em animais eficientes para CAR. Uma estratégia para solucionar tais problemas é a suplementação ácidos graxos poliinsaturados (AGPs) que não apenas aumentam a densidade energética da dieta, mas também atuam na melhoria do desempenho reprodutivo. No entanto, o ideal é que tais características de seleção para CAR e efeito da suplementação com AGPs sejam passadas à prole, assim o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito paterno da seleção para consumo alimentar residual (CAR) e da suplementação dos touros com AGs para a PIVE, o acúmulo de lipídio embrionário e a expressão de genes. Animais classificados em baixo CAR e alto CAR foram utilizados no experimento. O delineamento experimental obedeceu a um esquema fatorial 2 x 2 (CAR x Suplementação), a análise estatística foi realizada pelo programa JPM (versão 5.0.1, SAS Institute). Após a amostragem, os animais foram separados aleatoriamente em dois grupos: com suplementação de AGs protegido e com suplementação controle (sem AGs protegido). O experimento foi composto por quatro tratamentos, o sêmen dos touros foi congelado (4 tratamentos), sendo 6 animais suplementados com AGs protegido (3 baixo CAR e 3 alto CAR) e 6 animais com suplementação controle, sem AGs (3 baixo CAR e 3 alto CAR). O sêmen foi utilizado para produção in vitro de embriões; os blastocistos foram reservados para análise da quantificação de lipídios e os blastocistos expandidos para análise da expressão gênica. A quantificação de lipídios foi avaliada utilizando o corante Sudan Black B 1% e as imagens foram analisadas pelo programa Image J (National Institutes of Health, USA). A análise de expressão gênica dos embriões foi feita pela técnica de qPCR utilizando o sistema de micro-fluídica Biomark HD (Fluidigm®, South San Francisco, CA, USA). Não houve diferença na produção in vitro de embriões oriundos de animais CAR- ou CAR+, nem entre os tratamentos suplementados com AGs. Embriões de touros CAR+ apresentaram maior conteúdo lipídico quando comparado com o grupo CAR-. Os genes que apresentaram diferença associados à dieta foram o HMOX1, SREBF1 e o GPX4. Os referentes ao perfil CAR que diferiram foram o PLAC8, PPARGC1A e o NFE2L2. Os relacionados com a interação entre dieta e CAR que apresentaram diferença foram o RPLP0, ATF4, H3F3A, HSF1, HMGCS1, SLC2A5, NANOG, REST e o GPX4. Conclui-se que a dieta e a seleção para CAR dos touros afetou a expressão gênica dos embriões produzidos in vitro utilizando o sêmen desses animais. / In beef cattle, feed corresponds to the highest cost associated with meat production. The evaluation of the selection for residual feed intake (RFI) has been an important tool to direct the selection of beef cattle and economically optimize this activity. However, some studies show a decrease in motility, scrotal perimeter, a lower pregnancy and calving rate in efficient animals for RFI. One strategy to solve such problems is polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation that not only increases the energy density of the diet, but also improves reproductive performance. However, the ideal is that these characteristics of selection for RFI and effect of the supplementation with PUFA are passed to offspring, so the aim of this work was to evaluate the paternal effect of selection for residual feed intake and supplementation of bulls with fatty acids for in vitro produced embryos (IVPE), accumulation of embryonic lipid and gene expression. Animals classified under low RFI and high RFI were used in the experiment. The experimental design was based on a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (RFI x Supplementation), the statistical analysis was performed by the JPM program (version 5.0.1, SAS Institute). The animals were randomly divided into two groups: with protected fatty acids supplementation and with control supplementation (without protected fatty acids). The experiment was composed of four treatments, the semen of the bulls was frozen (4 treatments), 6 animals were supplemented with protected fatty acids (3 low RFI and 3 high RFI) and 6 animals with control supplementation, without protected fatty acids (3 low RFI and 3 high RFI). The semen was used for IVPE; blastocysts were reserved for analysis of lipid quantification and expanded blastocysts for analysis of gene expression. The quantification of lipids was evaluated using the Sudan Black B 1% dye and the images were analyzed by program Image J (National Institutes of Health, USA). The gene expression analysis of the embryos was done by the qPCR technique using the Biomark HD microfluidic system (Fluidigm®, South San Francisco, CA, USA). There was no difference in the in vitro production of embryos from RFI- or RFI+ animals, there was also no difference between treatments (supplementation). Embryos from RFI+ bulls presented higher intracytoplasmic lipid content than embryos from RFI- bulls. The genes that showed differences associated with the diet were HMOX1, SREBF1 and GPX4. The RFI associated genes that differed were PLAC8, PPARGC1A and NFE2L2. Those related to the interaction between diet and RFI that presented difference were RPLP0, ATF4, H3F3A, HSF1, HMGCS1, SLC2A5, NANOG, REST and GPX4. In conclusion, the diet and the selection for RFI of the bulls affected the gene expression of the embryos produced in vitro using the semen of these animals.

La confrontation des difficultés de l’entreprise aux droits des salariés conduit à s’interroger sur la coexistence et l’articulation de disciplines à vocations différentes. Face aux difficultés économiques de l’entreprise, les conflits d’intérêts peuvent atteindre leur paroxysme. Il revient alors au droit d’utiliser des critères objectifs, acceptés par l’ensemble des parties prenantes, afin de dégager des solutions permettant le maintien de l’activité et de l’emploi.L’analyse de la prise en compte des droits des salariés lorsque l’entreprise rencontre des difficultés économiques, faite sous le prisme de la stakeholder’s theory, aboutit à l’insatisfaction. Entre justice sociale et efficacité économique une recherche d’équilibre s’impose. Pourtant, aussi bien la loi que les apports jurisprudentiels n’y contribuent guère. Des pans entiers du droit du travail et du droit des entreprises en difficulté s’ignorent. L’absence de normes communes entre les matières stérilise la recherche de solutions de compromis. Par suite, aussi bien dans le cadre de la prévention des difficultés de l’entreprise, qu’au titre du traitement judiciaire de celles-ci, ou encore au niveau de la reprise de l’entreprise en difficulté, le conflit aboutit à un équilibre précaire et insatisfaisant. Les droits des salariés sont pris en compte de manière irrégulière, saccadée, et parfois, injustifiée. / Confronting the difficulties of companies with the rights of workers entails discussing the co-existence and the articulation of subject areas whose purposes are different. When a firm encounters economic difficulties, conflicts of interest can become paroxystic. Thus it is the Law which will be resorted to so as to provide objective criteria acceptable by all stakeholders in order to shape solutions which will ensure the preservation of both the activity and jobs. Assessing workers’ rights at a time when a company encounters economic difficulties through the prism of the stakeholders’ theory regularly leads to dissatisfaction. It is essential to balance social justice with economic efficiency. Yet neither the law nor any contributions of the court really help to do so. Large segments of labour law and of bankruptcy law are incompatible. The lack of common standards between both subject matters makes finding compromise solutions impossible. Thus the conflict leads to a precarious and unsatisfactory equilibrium, whether it be in matters of prevention of difficulties for a firm, of their judiciary treatment or of the takeover of the company in difficulty. Workers’ rights are taken into account in a fashion which can be irregular, erratic and at times unjustified.