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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Sementes transgênicas no brasil: neutralidades, dependências e emancipações tecnológicas

Araújo, Aline 18 August 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-10-28T11:19:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Araújo_.pdf: 1060885 bytes, checksum: 5a01e85cd1cd9d98230a5125feb74b58 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-28T11:19:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Araújo_.pdf: 1060885 bytes, checksum: 5a01e85cd1cd9d98230a5125feb74b58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-18 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho analisa os significados e os efeitos das estratégias de adesão ou de resistência ao uso de sementes transgênicas no Brasil. Considera, para tanto, os distintos modelos, convencionais e alternativos, de produção de sementes em curso no país e suas implicações na economia, na preservação da agrobiodiversidade e dos conhecimentos tradicionais associados, bem como na segurança alimentar e nutricional dos povos e na soberania alimentar nacional. A identificação das condições de gênese e de desenvolvimento de experiências alternativas à produção de sementes transgênicas realizou-se a partir da coleta e sistematização de dados secundários e a partir da utilização do método de estudo de caso único, aplicado à Rede de Produção de Sementes Agroecológicas BioNatur. Foram sistematizadas e analisadas, ademais, informações constantes de bases de dados do governo federal, de institutos de pesquisa agropecuários e dos sistemas de extensão rural, além da legislação em vigor. A revisão bibliográfica acerca do tema teve como principais referencias teóricos a economia ecológica, a agroecologia, a sociologia rural e a economia solidária. A partir da utilização dessas abordagens e das atividades de pesquisa realizadas, foi possível evidenciar que o modelo de produção agrícola baseado no uso de sementes transgênicas tem efeitos socioambientais e econômicos deletérios, não considerados quando da aferição do desempenho da economia agrícola nacional. De outra parte, da análise das experiências de enfrentamento ao modelo industrial de produção de sementes, foi possível depreender que, ao contrário do que afirma a ideologia dominante, a racionalidade produtiva capitalista não é a única possível ou viável para a produção de alimentos. / This paper analyzes the meanings and the effects of the adherence or resistance strategies to the use of transgenic seeds in Brazil. Therefore, it considers the different models, standard and alternative, of the seed production in course in the country and its implications to the economy, to the preservation of agricultural biodiversity and its associated traditional knowledge as well as on food and nutrition security and on the national food sovereignty. The identification of the genesis and the development conditions of the alternative experiences to the production of the transgenic seeds was held from the collection and systematization of secondary data and from the use of the single case study method, applied to the Rede de Sementes Agroecológicas Bionatur. Besides, it was analyzed and systematized informations from the federal government database, from institutes of agricultural research and from agricultural extension systems, as well as legislation in place. The literature review on the subject had as its main theoretical references the ecological economics, the agroecology, the rural sociology and the social economy. Through the application of these approaches and these research activities, it was possible to point out that the agricultural production model based on the use of transgenic seeds has deleterious effects on the environmental and on the economic system that are not considered when the measurement of the performance of the national agriculture economy. On the other hand, from the analysis of the confrontation experiences to the industrial model of seed production, it was possible to conclude that the capitalist rationality of production is not the only possible or feasible for the food production, contrary to what the dominant ideology preaches.
52

Motivações e restrições de naturezas tecnológica e organizacional para o desenvolvimento de agroindústrias de alimentos orgânicos no RS

Paiva, Ana Raisa Nunes January 2016 (has links)
No Rio Grande do Sul, grande parte da produção de alimentos orgânicos é realizada por famílias de agricultores ecologistas. Para estes produtores, a agroindustrialização familiar baseada em princípios agroecológicos, além de gerar renda promove a melhoria da qualidade de vida e a recuperação e preservação dos hábitos culturais e do meio ambiente, tendo forte papel no panorama produtivo gaúcho. Apesar da tendência de crescimento do setor ser evidenciada em vários estudos nestes últimos anos, alguns fatores limitantes ao seu desenvolvimento se apresentam, com poucos dados literários contemplando as restrições de natureza tecnológica e de gestão desses sistemas produtivos no RS. Diversas publicações focam em apenas um produto ou cadeia, mas produtores orgânicos geralmente apostam em diversificação de culturas. Por isso, uma abordagem que considerasse diferentes cadeias produtivas, como a aqui proposta, é necessária. Este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar restrições de natureza tecnológica e gerencial das agroindústrias familiares processadoras de alimentos orgânicos no RS em quatro cadeias de alimentos de interesse: Mandioca, Uva, Laticínios, Uva e Cana-de-Açúcar. Também buscou-se identificar fatores motivantes para adoção de sistemas agroecológicos de produção de alimentos. O método utilizado foi estudo de caso e o instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário semiestruturado aplicado a produtores agroecológicos da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre e da Serra Gaúcha Os resultados indicam que as motivações para produção neste sistema variam, mas são todas voltadas para sustentabilidade no campo, seja no sentido ambiental, financeiro ou salutar. As motivações não mudam entre cadeias diferentes e não foi identificada correlação com o porte do empreendimento. Em todas as cadeias estudadas produtores apontam como restrição organizacional falta de tempo para se dedicar às tarefas da atividade e dificuldades na certificação. Há convergência de restrições tecnológicas apontadas, como inadequação de maquinário, pouca oferta de insumos e matérias-primas. Apenas produtores de laticínios apontaram dificuldades quanto à padronização da produção. As diferenças entre produtores cooperativados e aqueles em processo de organização de rede de produtores, sindicatos e associações foram salientes. A possibilidade de compartilhar os custos e riscos inerentes à agroindustrialização de alimentos orgânicos influi positivamente no desenvolvimento de todas as cadeias entrevistadas. Em conclusão, este trabalho deixa evidente que existem convergências quanto a motivações e restrições dentro das cadeias agroindustriais e as melhorias das condições das agroindústrias beneficiadoras de alimentos orgânicos apenas serão realidade mediante esforço conjunto entre os diversos atores das cadeias estudadas. / In Rio Grande do Sul, a considerable portion of the oganic food production is done by families dedicated to ecological agriculture. For these producers, family based agro-industrialization hinged on agroecological principles, not only generates income; it also promotes an improvement in life quality and the recuperation and preservtion of cultural habits, as well as the environment, thus its strong role in the gaucho production scenery. Despite the sector’s growth tendency demonstrated by several studies performed in recent years, some limiting factors to its development are noted, with few literary data contemplating restrictions of technological or managerial natures from those production systems in Rio Grande do Sul. Several works published in the last few years focus on only one product or chain on products. However, organic food producers genereally rely on crops diversification. Therefore, an approach considering different production chains, as the one proposed here, is necessary. This work had as its goal to identify technological and managerial restrictions faced by Rio Grande do Sul’s family based agro-industries in four concerning organic food chains: Cassava, Dairy, Grape, and Sugar Cane products. It also sought to identify motivating factors in the adoption of agroecological food production systems. The method used was case study and the instrument for data collection was a semistructured questionnaire administered to agroecological producers from Porto Alegre’s Metropolitan Region and Serra Gaucha Results indicate that motivations for producing in this system vary, but they all turned to sustainability in rural areas, may it be in the environmental, financial, or health sense. Motivations do not change amongst different chains and no correlation was identified regarding the scale of the enterprise. In all studied chains, producers point as a managerial restriction the lack of time to dedicate to their activities’ choirs and difficulties regarding certification. There is a convergence regarding technological restrictions, such as inadequate machinery, lack of suppliers for inputs and raw materials. Only dairy producers claimed to have difficulties regarding standardization of their production. Differences between cooperativated producers and those in the process of organizing producers’ networks, syndicates and associations stood out. The possibility to share costs and risks inherent to the agroindustrialization of organic food has a positive influence in the development of all chains which were interviewed. In conclusion, this work evidences that the improvement of the conditions faced by enterprises which beneficiate organic food will only be a reality by means of conjoint efforts from the parties involved in the studied chains. In conclusion, this work evidentiates that there are convergences regarding motivations and restrictions within agrindustrial chains and improvements on the current conditions for agrindustries which process organic food will be a reality only by the joint efforts of all parts in the studied chains.
53

Pour une approche territoriale des transitions écologiques. Analyse de la transition vers l’agroécologie dans la Biovallée (1970-2015) / For a territorial approach of ecological transitions. Analysis of an on-going transition towards agroecology in Biovallée (1970-2015)

Bui, Sibylle 02 December 2015 (has links)
Les transitions agroécologiques impliquent une transformation radicale des modes de production, mais également des modes de transformation, de distribution et de consommation, du conseil agricole, des politiques publiques et de la recherche - en d’autres termes : une reconfiguration du système agri-alimentaire. Dans la vallée de la Drôme, la forte proportion d’acteurs plaçant l’agriculture biologique au coeur de leur stratégie de développement et leur collaboration dans le projet Biovallée semblent indiquer qu’une transition agroécologique est en cours et que l’échelle territoriale offre des leviers permettant de la déclencher. Cette thèse propose une analyse historique des dynamiques à l’oeuvre sur ce territoire, afin de contribuer à la compréhension des mécanismes de transition et à leur conceptualisation. En mobilisant la théorie des transitions sociotechniques et à travers une approche pragmatique et ethnographique, nous montrons qu’une reconfiguration du système agri-alimentaire territorial est en cours, et qu’elle résulte des interactions entre une configuration sociotechnique dominante et deux configurations alternatives qu’ont construites les acteurs au fil du temps, autour de deux paradigmes alternatifs à la modernisation agricole. Nous montrons comment, à travers ces interactions, les acteurs parviennent à modifier les rapports de force régissant le système agri-alimentaire, et que l’échelle territoriale leur offre des marges de manoeuvre inexistantes à une échelle plus large. Nous mettons en évidence le rôle essentiel d’une diversité d’initiatives, au sein desquelles les acteurs ont progressivement construit de nouvelles formes de coordination. Dès lors, la question est non plus de penser les transitions à partir du développement d’une innovation technique, mais de créer les conditions pour favoriser la coexistence d’une diversité d’initiatives, porteuses d’innovations sociales, et leurs interactions avec le système dominant. / Agriculture’s transition towards agrocology requires a radical transformation of production practices based on ecological principles, but it also requires radical changes within transformation, distribution and consumption practices and within advisory systems, public policies and research. In other words, it requires a profound reconfiguration of the whole agrifood system. In the Drome Valley (France), the high proportion of actors who consider organic agriculture as central in their development strategy and their involvement within the “Biovallée” project, suggest that an agroecological transition is in process and that the territorial scale might facilitate it. This thesis analyses the agricultural dynamics at the scale of this territory since the 1970s, in order to understand the transition mechanisms and to conceptualize them. Based on a framework inspired from the sustainable transition theories and on an ethnographic and pragmatic approach, it shows that a reconfiguration of the whole local agrifood system is indeed in process, and that it results from the interactions between a dominant sociotechnical configuration and two alternative ones which local actors have set up over time around two alternative paradigms. We analyze how actors succeed in changing the balance of power within the local agri-food system and how the territorial scale offers them some levers which do not exist on a larger scale. In this case, certain traditional actors and a diversity of initiatives allowed actors to progressively set up new forms of coordination, that is social or organizational innovations (rather than technological ones). Therefore the main issue shifts from thinking transitions based on the development of atechnological innovation, towards creating conditions in order to favour the coexistence of a diversity of initiatives that develop social innovations and to favour their interactions with the dominant system.
54

Os sentidos do trabalho camponês na produção do tabaco e na agroecologia: possibilidades de transformação e resistência / Not informed by the author

Rosa, Marcela Pereira 23 February 2018 (has links)
Partindo da temática central do trabalho camponês, nosso foco neste estudo foi investigar quais os sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho por camponeses que produzem tabaco e diversificam sua produção para a agroecologia. Nos apoiamos no referencial teórico-metodológico da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural. Centrando-nos nas contribuições de Lev Vygotski, compreendemos que os sentidos consistem em uma formação dinâmica, variável e complexa que nos revela o que um dado conteúdo ou aspecto da realidade significa para o sujeito, variando, portanto, de acordo com a interpretação de mundo e a estrutura interna da personalidade. As estratégias metodológicas adotadas na investigação foram a realização de observações participantes e de entrevistas semiestruturadas com três famílias camponesas que participaram do Projeto de Diversificação de Áreas Cultivadas com Tabaco, no município de Rio Azul, Paraná. O projeto tinha por objetivo oferecer assistência técnica para as famílias que buscavam diversificar a produção do tabaco para outras atividades. Além das famílias, também foram entrevistados a técnica de referência das famílias no âmbito do projeto e o ex-secretário de agricultura do município. Nossa imersão em campo foi realizada em dois momentos distintos, sendo que, em ambos, acompanhamos, através da observação participante, o cotidiano de trabalho das famílias e realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise dos dados obtidos nos revela que, frente ao contexto de mudanças vivenciadas pelos camponeses no processo de diversificação agroecológica, os sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho também passaram por mudanças, apontando para uma ressignificação da experiência de trabalho para os camponeses. Um conjunto de transformações objetivas e subjetivas possibilitaram o arrefecimento dos processos de alienação do trabalho vividos na produção de tabaco, em direção a um trabalho mais autêntico e integralizador no contexto da agricultura agroecológica, aproximando os sentidos atribuídos ao trabalho de seu significado social: a satisfação das necessidades humanas e o próprio desenvolvimento do ser social. Verificamos, ainda, que o processo de atribuição de sentidos aparece ligado às vivências do sujeito, conceito que designa a unidade entre a personalidade e o meio social. Os sentidos nos revelam a dimensão ativa da apropriação do mundo pelos sujeitos e aparecem como aspecto fundamental na constituição do psiquismo humano / Starting from the central theme of peasant work, our focus in this study was to investigate the senses attributed to work by peasants who produce tobacco and diversify their production to agroecology. We rely on the theoretical-methodological framework of Historical-Cultural Psychology. Focusing on the contributions of Lev Vygotsky, we understand that the senses consist of a dynamic, variable and complex formation that reveal to us what a determined content or aspect of reality means for the subject, thus varying according to a world interpretation and internal structure of the personality. The methodological strategies adopted in the research are participant observation and semi-structured interviews with three families that participated in the Projeto de Diversificação de Áreas Cultivadas com Tabaco, in the municipality of Rio Azul, Paraná. The project was developed for the purpose of offering technical assistance for families seeking to diversify tobacco production to other activities. In addition to the families, the reference technician of the families in the project plan and the former secretary of agriculture of the municipality were also interviewed. Our immersion in the field was carried out in two different moments. In both, we followed the families\' daily routine through participatory observation and conducted semi-structured interviews. The analysis of the data reveals that, on the context of the changes experienced by the peasants in the process of agroecological diversification, the senses attributed to the work also underwent changes, pointing to a re-signification of the work experience for the peasants. A set of objective and subjective transformations allowed the decreasing of the processes of alienation of the work lived in tobacco production towards a more authentic and integrative work relating to agroecological agriculture. That brings the senses attributed to the work to its social meaning: the satisfaction of human needs and the development of the social being. We also verified that the process of attribution of senses appeared linked to the experiences of the subject, a concept that designates a unity between the personality and the social environment. The senses reveal to us the active dimension of the appropriation of the world by the subjects and appear as a fundamental aspect in the constitution of the human psyche
55

L'agriculture en commun : Gagner en autonomie grâce à la coopération de proximité : Expériences d'agriculteurs français en CUMA à l'ère de l'agroécologie / Farming in common : Developping autonomy through local cooperation : Experiences of French farmers within machinery cooperatives (Cuma) in an era of agroecology

Lucas, Véronique 29 June 2018 (has links)
En France depuis 2013, des initiatives collectives d'agriculteurs sont soutenues par des politiques publiques visant à développer l'agroécologie, dont la définition inclut l'enjeu d'autonomisation des exploitations. Alors que l'agriculture est traversée par des processus d'individualisation et de déterritorialisation, le législateur a fait le pari que l'organisation collective des agriculteurs au niveau local pouvait favoriser leur autonomisation et leur engagement dans la transition agroécologique. La thèse éclaire ce paradoxe par l'analyse d'expériences d'agriculteurs organisés en Coopératives d'utilisation de matériel agricole (CUMA). Ceux-ci développent des pratiques que l'on peut qualifier d'agroécologiques afin de gagner en autonomie, en particulier vis-à-vis des marchés marqués par plus de volatilité des cours. Pour cela, ils reconfigurent leurs modes de coopération de proximité, dont l'organisation de leur CUMA. Les résultats montrent qu'ils arrivent à mettre à distance des ressources et opérateurs marchands externes, grâce à une interdépendance accrue entre pairs, qu'ils acceptent parce qu'elle leur fournit des appuis pour mieux maîtriser leur contexte d'activité. Mais ils manquent de ressources adéquates de la part des autres opérateurs du secteur agricole et alimentaire pour limiter des dépendances restantes. De même, tous les agriculteurs ne bénéficient pas également de ces coopérations approfondies, qui nécessitent des conditions appropriées. Cette thèse précise ces conditions nécessaires pour que la recherche d'autonomie et la coopération de proximité favorisent des processus de transition agroécologique de la part d'une plus large diversité d'agriculteurs. / In France since 2013, farmers' collectives initiatives are supported by specific public policies designed to develop agroecology, whose legal definition includes the objective of farm autonomy. Although agriculture is going through processes of individualization and deterritorialization, policymakers has bet that the collective organization of farmers could promote their autonomy and their agroecological transition. The thesis sheds new light on this paradox by analysis of farmers' experiences organized in farm machinery cooperatives(CUMA). These develop practices that can be described as agroecological in order to increase their autonomy, particularly in relation to markets affected by more price volatility. In so doing, they reconfigure their local modes of cooperation, including the organization of their machinery cooperative. The results show that they manage to put at distance external resources and market operators, owing to an increased interdependency with their peers, which is accepted because it allows them to better control the conditions of activity. Nevertheless, they lack appropriate resources from other operators in the agriculture and food sector to limit the remaining dependencies. Similarly, not all farmers equally benefit from such in-depth cooperation, which requires appropriate conditions. This thesis dissertation specifies the needed conditions so that the pursuit of autonomy and the local modes of cooperation can favor agroecological transition processes of a wider diversity of farmers.
56

Os movimentos nos mercados: movimentos de agroecologia em S?o Joaquim/SC. / Movements at markets: movements of agroecology in S?o Joaquim/SC.

Comunello, Felipe Jos? 03 March 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:12:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Jose Comunello.pdf: 3543947 bytes, checksum: 598646112060c1143aebc09fb212a203 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-03 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The economic institutionalization of social movements in the context of "new economic social movements," became a reality in recent years. We examine the market relationship of the agroecological apple producers of S?o Joaquim (SC) as part of this process, discussing: a) the emergence of social movement organizations in the city, which stimulated the production in clear opposition to the modernization of agriculture, b) involvement of these producers in two large circuits where they negotiate their production, agro-ecological and organic. The pathfinder of this analysis is the social networks that sustain this process and the circuits in which producers enter. We conclude that the market relations in which those producers are involved are sustained both in work with production, and work with the policy. That means working with agroecology, where the gains are uncertain and are coupled to the ideological and moral principles, the technical obstacles, the tangle of social relations and symbolic meanings. / A institucionaliza??o econ?mica dos movimentos sociais, no quadro dos novos movimentos sociais econ?micos , tornou-se realidade no per?odo recente. Analisamos as rela??es de mercado dos produtores agroecol?gicos de ma?? de S?o Joaquim (SC) como parte desse processo, discutindo: a) a emerg?ncia das organiza??es de movimentos sociais no munic?pio, que impulsionaram essa produ??o em claro sentido de contesta??o ? moderniza??o da agricultura; b) o envolvimento desses produtores em dois grandes circuitos onde negociam sua produ??o, o agroecol?gico e o org?nico. O fio condutor dessas an?lises s?o as redes de rela??es sociais que sustentam esse processo e os circuitos nos quais os produtores entram. Conclu?mos que as rela??es de mercado nas quais esses produtores se envolvem est?o amparadas tanto no trabalho com a produ??o, quanto no trabalho com a pol?tica. Isso significa trabalhar com agroecologia, onde os ganhos s?o incertos e est?o sujeitos aos princ?pios ideol?gicos e morais, aos obst?culos t?cnicos, ao emaranhado de rela??es sociais e aos significados simb?licos.
57

Utiliza??o de pr?ticas pedag?gicas na produ??o animal: percep??o agroecol?gica

Feitosa, Rubenval Francisco de Jesus 19 September 2011 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-23T13:52:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Rubenval Francisco de Jesus Feitosa.pdf: 13455824 bytes, checksum: 95b1e24703c5e57f468f589e100bfb62 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-23T13:52:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011 - Rubenval Francisco de Jesus Feitosa.pdf: 13455824 bytes, checksum: 95b1e24703c5e57f468f589e100bfb62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-19 / This study aimed to analyze the perception of agroecology students about the use of teaching practices in animal production. The IF - Campus St. Kitts was the setting for the research with the participation of students in the third series of the Technical Course for Integrated Agricultural Secondary School, in 2010, in an interdisciplinary way, democratic and dialogical, since so- professionals is to interfere in family agriculture and other sectors of agricultural production, disseminating new technologies to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the future. In this context, the relationship between education and work, the motivational factors for the learning process, understanding and transformation of educational practice and the concepts, principles and prospects of agroecology, rural extension, agro-ecological and sustainable family farms as a reference gives theoretical support to this research. We applied the methodology and the qualitativequantitative descriptive method of data collection took place by direct observation of phenomena with the help of literature search, semi-structured forms of employment, teaching practices, lectures, semi-structured questionnaires, seminars and technical visits. In the first stage of the research project was presented to students looking to motivate them and then applied the questionnaire (attached to), to determine the profile of students. In the second stage 60 questionnaires were collected for data analysis, followed by the selection and preparation of implementation schedule of teaching practices used in animal production of relevance to learning. There was the holding of lectures, seminars, technical visits. In the third step, teaching practices were given to students in the Educational Curriculum Unit - Cattle. In the fourth stage 60 questionnaires were applied in order to complete the survey of agroecological awareness of the students, the pedagogical practices employed in animal production. The results are used for reflection, will face disconnection between the student, school and family, inefficient management, the man / nature and production with sustainability, compromising the quality of education. The results in terms of level of awareness of students on the issues already mentioned are suggestive that this work can be used as input for future redirects the politics employed in the educational process of the Campus Saint Kitts, aimed at student success / Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percep??o agroecol?gica dos alunos, quanto ao emprego das pr?ticas pedag?gicas na produ??o animal. O IFSE - Campus S?o Crist?v?o foi o cen?rio para a realiza??o da pesquisa com a participa??o dos alunos das terceiras s?ries do Curso T?cnico Integrado ao Ensino M?dio em Agropecu?ria, no ano de 2010, de forma interdisciplinar, democr?tica e dial?gica, uma vez que se formam profissionais para interferir na agricultura familiar e demais segmentos da produ??o agropecu?ria, disseminando novas tecnologias capazes de atender ?s necessidades da gera??o presente sem comprometer a futura. Neste contexto, a rela??o educa??o e trabalho; os fatores motivacionais para o processo ensino aprendizagem; a compreens?o e transforma??o da pr?tica educativa; os conceitos, princ?pios e perspectivas da agroecologia; a extens?o rural: desenvolvimento sustent?vel agroecol?gico e a agricultura familiar constituem-se como referencial te?rico que d? sustenta??o a esta pesquisa. Empregou-se a metodologia qualiquantitativa descritiva e o m?todo de coleta de dados se deu pela observa??o direta dos fen?menos com aux?lio de pesquisa bibliogr?fica, entrevista semi-estruturada, emprego de formul?rios, pr?ticas pedag?gicas, aulas te?ricas, question?rios semi-estruturados, semin?rios e visitas t?cnicas. Na primeira etapa da pesquisa, foi apresentado o projeto aos alunos procurando motiv?-los e em seguida aplicou-se o question?rio (anexo a), visando conhecer o perfil dos alunos. Na segunda etapa foram coletados 60 question?rios para an?lise dos dados, seguido da sele??o e elabora??o do cronograma de execu??o das pr?ticas pedag?gicas empregadas na produ??o animal de relev?ncia para o aprendizado. Verificou-se a realiza??o de aulas te?ricas, semin?rios, visitas t?cnicas. Na terceira etapa, foram ministradas as pr?ticas pedag?gicas para os alunos na Unidade Did?tica Pedag?gica ? Bovinocultura. Na quarta etapa foram aplicados 60 question?rios com o prop?sito de concluir o levantamento da percep??o agroecol?gica dos alunos, quanto ?s pr?ticas pedag?gicas empregadas na produ??o animal. Os resultados servem para reflex?es, face ? desarticula??o entre o aluno, a escola e a fam?lia, gest?o pouco eficiente, rela??o homem/natureza e a produ??o com sustentabilidade, comprometendo a qualidade do ensino. Os resultados em termos de n?vel de percep??o dos alunos, quanto ?s quest?es j? mencionadas, s?o sugestivos de que este trabalho pode servir de subs?dios para futuros redirecionamentos das pol?ticas empregadas no processo educativo do Campus S?o Crist?v?o, visando o sucesso do aluno
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Estrat?gias de pol?ticas p?blicas para o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar: estudo de caso no distrito de Cocais, munic?pio de Bar?o de Cocais (MG) / Public policy strategies for strengthening of family agriculture: a case study in Cocais district in the city of Bar?o de Cocais (MG)

MENDES, Rejane Beatriz 29 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-18T20:27:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Rejane Beatriz Mendes.pdf: 1274294 bytes, checksum: 102209ae1b48b76fd48b58b091677b82 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-18T20:27:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Rejane Beatriz Mendes.pdf: 1274294 bytes, checksum: 102209ae1b48b76fd48b58b091677b82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / This study aims to examine how public policies for rural areas may contribute to the strengthening of family farming. It is based on case study in Cocais, a district in the city of Bar?o de Cocais (MG). The research seeks to understand the relationship of family farmers and their strategies of work and production, considering public policies for the rural sector, face the reality experienced by the families farmers of the district in question. The district is housed in a pressure environment and labor dispute with the mining sector, the main economic activity of the municipality. It was used documentary analysis methodology and literature review about the history of Cocais district, and interviews based on open guide, applied to 20 families of farmers in the district attended by technicians of EMATER-MG. Data were collected in relation to property size, age, level of education, production, income, known and acessed public policy, and agroecological practices, marketing channels. The obtained results indicated that the size of the properties allowed farmers to PRONAF access, using agroecological practices in the production units. The study revealed that farmers in the district have accessed various public policies (PRONAF, LIGHT FOR ALL, PAA, PNAE, FAMILY HEALTH PROGRAM, ATER) for rural areas. In addition, it was identified other non-agricultural activities with potential to be developed in the region, indicating the importance of pluriactivity to promote local development actions. It was also found an aging population and declining male labor in the field. Family farmers suffering even with the pressure of mining activity, have invested in production, accessed new marketing channels, such as fairs, exhibitions and institutional markets (PAA, PNAE), generating new jobs and income. This entry into new markets has also allowed the return of people to farming, as well as improving the quality of life in rural areas, confirming the important role of public policy in strengthening family farming. / O presente estudo visa analisar como as pol?ticas p?blicas para o meio rural podem contribuir para o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar. Isso ? feito com base em estudo de caso no distrito de Cocais, munic?pio de Bar?o de Cocais (MG). A pesquisa busca entender a rela??o dos agricultores familiares e sua forma de trabalho e produ??o, considerando as pol?ticas p?blicas para o setor rural, frente ? realidade vivida pelos agricultores familiares do distrito em quest?o, que est? inserido num contexto de press?o e disputa de m?o de obra com a atividade da minera??o, principal atividade econ?mica do munic?pio. Para isso, foi utilizada como metodologia an?lise documental e revis?o bibliogr?fica acerca do hist?rico do distrito de Cocais, e entrevista com base em roteiro aberto, aplicada a 20 fam?lias de agricultores do distrito atendidos pelos t?cnicos da EMATER-MG. Foram levantados dados como tamanho da propriedade, idade, grau de escolaridade, produ??o, renda, pol?ticas p?blicas conhecidas e acessadas, e pr?ticas agroecol?gicas, canais de comercializa??o. Verificou-se que o tamanho das propriedades enquadra os agricultores nos crit?rios do PRONAF, que pr?ticas agroecol?gicas s?o utilizadas nas unidades produtivas. O trabalho revelou que os agricultores do distrito de Cocais t?m acessado diversas pol?ticas p?blicas (PRONAF, LUZ PARA TODOS, PAA, PNAE, PROGRAMA DE SA?DE DA FAM?LIA, ATER) para o meio rural. Al?m disso, foram identificadas outras atividades n?o agr?colas com potencial para serem desenvolvidas na regi?o, indicando a import?ncia da pluriatividade para a promo??o de a??es de desenvolvimento local. Constatou-se ainda o envelhecimento da popula??o e a diminui??o da m?o de obra masculina no campo. Os agricultores familiares, mesmo sofrendo com a press?o da atividade mineraria, t?m investido na produ??o, acessado novos canais de comercializa??o, como feiras livres, exposi??es e mercados institucionais (PAA, PNAE), gerado novas ocupa??es e renda. Essa inser??o em novos mercados tem possibilitado ainda o retorno de pessoas para atividade agr?cola, bem como a melhoria na qualidade de vida no meio rural, confirmando o importante papel das pol?ticas p?blicas no fortalecimento da agricultura familiar.
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Desempenho de cultivares de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) em Rio Pomba, Minas Gerais, no sistema org?nico de produ??o, a partir da co-inocula??o das sementes com Rhizobium tropici e Azospirillum brasilense / Agronomic performance of organic farming bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars in Rio Pomba, state of Minas Gerais, from seeds inoculated with Rhizobium tropici and Azospirillum brasiliense

Louren?o, Fagner Jos? de Carvalho 18 March 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-21T11:16:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fagner Jos? de Carvalho Louren?o.pdf: 722093 bytes, checksum: 3d1733623cf87f8f9db8063b46e336ca (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-21T11:16:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fagner Jos? de Carvalho Louren?o.pdf: 722093 bytes, checksum: 3d1733623cf87f8f9db8063b46e336ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / A fild plot was carried out in Rio Pomba, MG state, dealing with beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from March to May 2015. Six cultivars were compared under organic farming from seeds inoculated or not inoculated (= control) with commercial biological products based upon N2 fixing bacteria (Rhizobium tropici) and plant growth promoting bacteria (Azospirillum brasilense). Two of the cultivars, ?Ouro Vermelho? and ?BRSMG Madrep?rola?, are recommended and have been developed for Minas Gerais bean growing regions. They are both characterized by a high grain yield potential and belong to ?vermelho? and ?carioca? groups, respectively, which are of known preference by state consumers. On the other hand the cultivars ?Bola?, ?Kaboon?, ?Constanza?, and ?Manteig?o? represent introduced genotypes producing grains considered of special types on account of tegument color, size (= mass) and / or shape differing from the most commonly planted beans in Brazil. Such differential traits have been associated to an aggregate value because of their higher prices in the organic market of Brazilian southeast large cities. The study aimed at evaluating the introduced cultivars in comparison with the regional cultivars relating agronomic performance under organic farming as well as the respective response to seed inoculation with the cited bacterial species having a potential for contributing to beans organic management system by favoring crop yields. The research concept was based on the perspective of agrobiodiversity gains in organic farming units and on the possibility to improve farmer?s family income by means of expanding foods variety offered to consumers, specially focusing on beans, a major daily component of Brazilian?s diet due to its high nutritional quality. The experiment followed a randomized block design in a six x two factorial scheme with four replicates. Results referring data on marketable grain yields pointed out the viability of beans organic farming under Rio Pomba soil and weather conditions. The special grains introduced cultivars yields were close or, in certain cases, comparable to those of the two Minas Gerais recommended cultivars. The overall average of cultivars yields, independently of seed treatments, in which co-inoculation did not differ from the control (= non treated seeds), widely surpassed regional and national mean yields reported for the bean crop. The N2 stock ready to be utilized by the plants present in the soil of the experimented plant and a possible significant contribution fron biological fixation were able to fulfill crop requirements since no inputs have been made as nitrogen fertilizers. Root nodulation otherwise indicated the relevant contribution of local soil bacterial communities already stablished in the experimental plot and responsible for beneficial interactions with the bean plants. On the basis of the average between seed treatments the highest nodulation rates in terms of total number of nodules per root dry matter linked to the cultivars ?Ouro Vermelho? and ?BRSMG Madrep?rola? which also had the higher grain yields. Statistical analysis of the agronomic attributes considered in the study demonstrated significant differences among cultivars, including: number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, and weight (= mass) of 100 grains (approx. 12% moisture). The first of such traits positively correlated with grain yield. Data also indicated that the number of grains per pod was inversely proportional to the 100 grains / mass. The last index (100 grains / mass weight) represented an estimative of the differences in grain sizes. With no exceptions, those introduced cultivars producing larger ? sized grains also revealed higher 100 grains mass values. The discarded levels of grains not reaching market standards again varied among cultivars and had influence on commercially suitable grain yields. This result leads to the need of adjusting bean organic farming in order to reduce yield losses. / Foi realizado em Rio Pomba, estado de Minas Gerais, um experimento de campo com o feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) correspondendo ? ?safra da seca` no per?odo de mar?o a maio do ano de 2015. Foram comparadas seis cultivares submetidas a sistema org?nico de produ??o, a partir de sementes co-inoculadas ou n?o (= controle) com produtos comerciais ? base de bact?rias fixadoras do nitrog?nio atmosf?rico (Rhizobium tropici) e de promotoras do crescimento vegetal (Azospirillum brasilense). Dessas seis cultivares, duas delas, ?Ouro Vermelho` e ?BRSMG Madrep?rola`, s?o recomendadas para plantio no estado e foram desenvolvidas e selecionadas para as regi?es mineiras produtoras de feij?o, sendo ambas caracterizadas pelo alto potencial de rendimento em gr?os dos grupos vermelho e carioca, respectivamente, de comprovada prefer?ncia dos consumidores de Minas Gerais. J?, as quatro outras cultivares, a saber: ?Bola`, ?Kaboon`, ?Constanza` e ?Manteig?o`, correspondem a gen?tipos introduzidos e que produzem gr?os considerados como especiais, por conta de colora??o, tamanho (massa) e/ou formato diferenciados. Tais atributos t?m sido associados a um valor agregado dessas cultivares, traduzido pelas cota??es mais elevadas de pre?os na comercializa??o em bancas e g?ndolas de produtos org?nicos encontradas em grandes metr?poles do Sudeste brasileiro. Os objetivos do estudo de Rio Pomba foram os de avaliar esses gen?tipos quanto a seu desempenho agron?mico sob manejo org?nico, al?m de suas respectivas respostas quando cultivados a partir da inocula??o, das sementes no pr?-plantio, com o cons?rcio mencionado de esp?cies bacterianas potencialmente capazes de contribuir para a viabiliza??o desse manejo, atrav?s de ganhos em produtividade. A concep??o da pesquisa fundamentou-se nas perspectivas de aumento da agrobiodiversidade em unidades de produ??o org?nica e da melhoria de renda familiar dos agricultores, por meio da diversifica??o da oferta de alimentos ? popula??o consumidora, especialmente com foco no feij?o, preponderante na dieta dos brasileiros e destacado por sua riqueza nutricional. O ensaio ficou delineado em blocos ao acaso com quatro repeti??es, constituindo um esquema fatorial 6 x 2. Os resultados obtidos, em termos de rendimento comercial das cultivares, apontaram para a viabilidade do manejo org?nico sob as condi??es edafoclim?ticas de Rio Pomba, com as cultivares de gr?os especiais introduzidas produzindo satisfatoriamente, aproximando-se ou mesmo, em alguns casos, alcan?ando valores compar?veis ?queles de cultivares recomendadas para Minas Gerais. A m?dia geral, calculada independentemente, dos tratamentos das sementes em que a co-inocula??o n?o diferiu do controle, suplantaram amplamente as m?dias regional e nacional de produ??o de feij?o por unidade de ?rea cultivada. O estoque de nitrog?nio assimil?vel presente no solo da ?rea experimental ? uma controbui??o possivelmente significativa da fixa??o biol?gica, foram suficientes para as necessidades da cultura, vez que n?o houve aporte do macronutriente na forma de aduba??o nitrogenada. A nodula??o radicular evidenciou atividade de comunidades de bact?rias j? estabelecidas no solo da ?rea experimental, respons?veis por intera??es ben?ficas com o feijoeiro. Tomando-se a m?dia entre os tratamentos de sementes (co-inocula??o e controle) os ?ndices superiores de nodula??o, com base no n?mero total de n?dulos por mat?ria seca das ra?zes, coincidiram com as cultivares mais produtivas (?Ouro Vermelho` e ?BRSMG Madrep?rola`). As an?lises estat?sticas das vari?veis fitot?cnicas consideradas no estudo revelaram diferen?as significativas entre as cultivares, incluindo: n?mero de vagens por planta, n?mero de gr?os por vagem e massa de 100 gr?os ( + ou ? 12% de umidade). A primeira delas correlacionou-se positivamente com a produtividade. Os dados indicaram, ainda, que o n?mero de gr?os por vagem ? inversamente proporcional ? massa de 100 gr?os (correla??o negativa). Este ?ltimo ?ndice representou uma estimativa das diferen?as no tamanho dos gr?os. Sem exce??es, aquelas cultivares introduzidas, caracterizadas pela produ??o de gr?os gra?dos, igualmente mostraram valores mais elevados das amostras dos 100 gr?os. Os n?veis de descarte de gr?os fora dos padr?es de mercado tamb?m variaram entre as cultivares testadas, influindo, em maior ou menor grau, no respectivo rendimento comercial, assim sinalizando para a conveni?ncia de ajustes no manejo org?nico do feijoeiro, objetivando contribuir para redu??o desse fator de perdas nas colheitas
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Os la?os da educa??o popular e da agroecologia na pr?xis da Escolinha de Agroecologia de Nova Igua?u/RJ / The sorrows of popular education and agroecology in the praxis of Little School of Agroecology New Igua?u / RJ

Soares, Suziane Hermes de Mendon?a 21 December 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-01-20T14:30:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Suziane Hermes de Mendon?a Soares.pdf: 1656951 bytes, checksum: 7eaaf3d54d1c43ea5a6f2b208164473a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-20T14:30:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Suziane Hermes de Mendon?a Soares.pdf: 1656951 bytes, checksum: 7eaaf3d54d1c43ea5a6f2b208164473a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-21 / This study investigated the Popular Education as cultural empowerment tool, identity and territorial cohesion, focusing on the city of Nova Igua?u, state of Rio de Janeiro, which has the Little School of Nova Igua?u Agroecology / RJ an important source of development local agriculture. This research shows how problematic the Little School of Agroecology as a product of a role of social movements and farmers using in their methodology popular education as one of the identities potential catalyst of autonomy, understanding the role of family farming and social transformation. Based on these principles, this dissertation presents to identify and analyze the methodology of popular education and rural development expressed by the territoriality to farmers. The methodology used in data collection, broke the technique "snowball" in the interviews; content analysis helped in the qualitative discussion. When you want to identify a rural territoriality in per urban area in the construction of alternatives it found a proposal that allows farmers an emancipatory praxis and sustainable, which is helping to chart the course of a rural territorial development mod / O presente estudo busca compreender a Educa??o Popular como instrumento de fortalecimento cultural, de identidade e territorial, focalizando a cidade de Nova Igua?u, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, que tem na Escolinha de Agroecologia de Nova Igua?u/RJ uma importante fonte de desenvolvimento da agricultura local. Essa pesquisa apresenta como problem?tica a Escolinha de Agroecologia como produto de um protagonismo de movimentos sociais e agricultores que utilizam em sua metodologia a educa??o popular como um catalisador de potencialidades das identidades, de autonomia, de entendimento do papel da agricultura familiar e da transforma??o social. Partindo desses princ?pios, essa disserta??o apresenta como objetivo identificar e analisar a metodologia da educa??o popular e o desenvolvimento rural expressados pela territorialidade junto aos agricultores. Como metodologia utilizada no levantamento de dados, partiu-se da t?cnica ?bola de neve? na realiza??o das entrevistas; a an?lise de conte?do auxiliou na discuss?o qualitativa. Ao pretender identificar uma territorialidade rural na regi?o periurbana na constru??o de alternativas, foi encontrada uma proposta que permite aos agricultores uma pr?xis emancipadora e sustent?vel, que vem ajudando a tra?ar os rumos de um modelo de desenvolvimento territorial rural

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