Die bruchmechanischen Eigenschaften von Elastomerwerkstoffen zeigen eine deutliche Abhängigkeit von der Prüfkörpergeometrie. Endscheidenden Einfluss hat die Art der Beanspruchung, die der Belastung des realen Bauteils entsprechen sollte. In dieser Arbeit wird die Methode zur Analyse des dynamischen Risswachstums von Elastomeren im simultanen Tensile- und Pure-shear-Prüfmodus beschrieben. Die Methode, basierend auf der mechanischen Aufrüstung und Weiterentwicklung eines Tear and Fatigue Analyzers, stellt den Prüfmethoden übergreifende Feststellungen zu aussagekräftigen Kennwertdaten des Bruchverhaltens von Elastomeren vor. Die Schwerpunke der Arbeit wurden in zwei Hauptthemen unterteilt, wobei zuerst eine konstruktive Modifizierung des kommerziellen TFA vorgenommen wurde und anschließend die Untersuchungen zur Beschreibung der bruchmechanischen Eigenschaften von Elastomerwerkstoffen und dynamischer Beanspruchung mittels modifiziertem TFA durchgeführt wurden. Es wurde aus den Anforderungen an die quantitative, simultane Analyse von SENT- als auch Pure-shear-Prüfkörpern eine konstruktive Modifizierung des kommerziellen TFA vorgenommen. Insbesondere die Schwerpunkte der Modifizierung wurden der Verminderung des Einflusses der Prüfkörperhalterungsfestigkeit auf die Genauigkeit der Analyse und der Untersuchung des Resonanzbereiches des TFA gewidmet. Die hier dokumentierten Ergebnisse durch den modifizierten TFA haben deutlich das unterschiedliche Bruchverhalten in der Abhängigkeit von der Prüfkörpergeometrie nachgewiesen. Es wurden umfangreiche Untersuchungen zur Charakterisierung der Rissausbreitungsgeschwindigkeiten in Elastomeren in Abhängigkeit von der Prüfkörpergeometrie als auch von der Risslänge durchgeführt, wobei festgestellt wurde, dass die bruchmechanischen Eigenschaften nicht nur von der Risslänge, sondern auch signifikant von der Kerbgeometrie abhängen. Die Ergebnisse haben weiterhin gezeigt, dass ein großer Einfluss der Herstellungsparameter der Prüfkörper unter Berücksichtigung von Kautschukbasis und Kautschukmischungsrezeptur auf die bruchmechanischen Eigenschaften besteht. Die vorgestellte Methode zur Bestimmung der dynamisch-bruchmechanischen Eigenschaften von Elastomeren stellt zusammen mit der Berücksichtigung der Herstellungsparameter einen genauen Vergleich zwischen den experimentell ermittelten Prüfwerten unabhängig von der Prüfkörpergeometrie dar. / The mechanical properties of rubber materials can be shown to be a function of the geometry of the test specimen. The main affecting parameters are the loading conditions. The present work proposes a new fracture mechanical testing concept for determination of dynamic crack propagation of rubber materials. This concept implements a method of simultaneous tensile- and pure-shear-mode testing. The present approach is based on an upgrade of the Tear and Fatigue Analyzers, on the fracture mechanics theory of dynamically loaded test specimens and on the definition of pure-shear states according to the test specimen’s geometry ratio. The main focus of this work can be divided in two parts. Firstly it is introduced the development of a method for analysis of dynamic crack propagation in filled rubber by simultaneous tensile- and pure shear mode testing. The servo-hydraulic machine with controlled temperature testing chamber is equipped with simultaneously operating two mode test equipment which represents a new fracture testing method. Secondarily the analysis of crack propagation under the dynamic loading conditions is practised with this method. It is shown how the tearing energy and the crack growth rate depend on the test specimen’s geometry ratio and crack length. It is also demonstrated that the values for tearing energies and also crack growth rates for short crack lengths in SENT- as well as in pure-shear test specimens are identical. Another important aspect is related to the different values of tearing energies and crack growth rates for cracks with short and large lengths in pure-shear test specimens. The results show the dependence of fracture behavior on manufacturing the test specimens. The new fracture mechanical testing concept offers a comparison between fracture behavior of rubber materials independent of the test specimens geometry.

This master’s thesis elaborates a design of water heating and heating system for a building of a rehabilitation center in Horný Hričov. The theoretical section describes operational efficiency of gas boilers and associated calculation methods. The experimental section covers measurements of condensing gas boiler at various temperatures of heating water conducted in university laboratory. Operational efficiency was then calculated using indirect method based on the measurement results. Subsequently, calculated values and values measured by an operational efficiency analyzer were compared. The comparison revealed minor deviations in operational efficiency values and different values of condensing heat utilization between the calculations and the analyzer results. The analytical section of the thesis consists of complex designs of two versions of the heating system and the water heating. The first design version uses condensing gas boilers as a heat source while the second version uses a water-air heat pump instead. The project section of the thesis is executed in the scope for a building permit and consists of a technical report and a design documentation.

När ett tillverkande företag vill öka sin marknadsandel behöver de i allmänhet öka sin produktion. För att kunna göra detta på ett kostnadseffektivt sätt är det viktigt att veta vilka faktorer som begränsar produktionssystemet, dessa benämns ofta som flaskhalsar. Ett produktionssystem är dock inte ett statiskt system vilket innebär att flaskhalsarna i ett system inte heller är statiska. De kan flytta på sig på både lång och kort sikt.   Syftet med denna fallstudie är att undersöka flaskhalsarna i ett produktionssystem och hur dessa förflyttar sig, vilka förbättringar som kan göras för att förbättra flödet i produktionssystemet. Data om produktionssystemet har samlats in med studier av databas, tidsstudie och samtal/intervjuer. Dessa data har nyttjats i en simuleringsmodell som framtagits med hjälp av FACTS-analyzer. Denna modell har studerats samt använts för att genomföra experiment. Bland annat har flermålsoptimering med SCORE metoden använts för att hitta systemets primära och sekundära flaskhalsar.   Studien visade att en station på svetsavdelningen var den huvudsakliga flaskhalsen i produktionssystemet och att den sekundära flaskhalsen i systemet låg i avdelningen efter, måleriavdelningen. Studien tog också fram en optimerad förbättrings plan för fabriken upp till 260 tillverkade båtar på ett år. / When a manufacturing company intends to increase their market share, they generally need to increase their production as well. In order to achieve this in a cost-effective manner they must be aware of which factors are limiting the production system, these factors are generally known as bottlenecks. A production system is however not a static system, this means that the bottlenecks won’t be static either. They can move both in the long term and short term.   The aim of this case study is to examine the bottlenecks in a system and their movement. As well as which improvements could be applied in order to improve the flow in the production system. Data concerning the production system has been collected through studies of internal databases, time studies and interviews. This data has been used in a simulation which has been constructed with FACTS-analyzer. The model has been studied and used for experimentation, for example, multigoal-optimization with the SCORE-method, which has been used in order to find the primary and secondary bottlenecks of the system.   The study shows that a station in the welding department was the main bottleneck in the productions system and the secondary bottleneck is in the department after, the paint shop. The study also found an optimized improvement plan for the factory up to 260 boats produced each year

The report presents a study of the operations at Rollmek AB. Rollmek is a company that manufactures various components for Panthera wheelchairs including backrests, chassis and leg rests. The thesis aims to develop various improvement proposals for the case company's painting department with regard to increasing production capacity. To achieve the goal, a simulation model has been constructed in the simulation program FACTS Analyzer, which reflects the department in question. The simulation model is based on three different variants with five different colours. For the construction of simulation models, data collected via various qualitative and quantitative research methods, including time studies, observations, and interviews. Improvement proposals that were developed were implemented in the simulation model and experimented based on the project's requirements. The study's results have led to five specific suggestions for improvement. Through the use of simulation models, data has been generated on the number of units produced and units produced/hour for the three product variations with associated color variations. With the help of these improvement suggestions, the company could implement them in production to increase its capacity to meet future demand.

The use of simulation programs in production environments is crucial due to the many advantages they offer, such as facilitating calculations of production capacity, cycle times, and optimal buffer sizes. These tools allow for the simulation of various scenarios and cost-effective testing of different strategies, making them invaluable for companies striving to improve production and performance.  The purpose of this work is to conduct a case study using FACTS Analyzer and then compare the results with another simulation software that supports 3D simulations. By conducting the same case study in both programs, we can draw conclusions about the factors companies should consider when acquiring simulation software. The data will be collected through qualitative methods such as observations and interviews, complemented by quantitative methods through experiments within the case study. The results show that FACTS Analyzer and the chosen program Plant Simulation serve different purposes but within similar areas. FACTS Analyzer offers a simple and effective 2D simulation experience that is particularly useful for students and companies planning production. On the other hand, Plant Simulation provides extensive capabilities to model everything from individual production lines to entire facilities in a clear 3D environment, making it easier for people without in-depth knowledge of the field to understand the simulations. In conclusion, the study shows that both programs can complement each other by offering unique capabilities in different domains, providing companies with a competitive advantage by optimizing their production and planning processes.

The purpose of this thesis is, in collaboration with the Swedish company Innventia, to explore the possibilities of using paper machines to create fabric-like nonwoven materials. As part of a relatively new research-area, it serves as some of the ground knowledge that is needed to drive this field forward. The research of this thesis is born from the increasing need for more environmental friendly textiles, and to find new uses for the paper production facilities and companies that are currently experiencing a decline in paper production. The materials used in the research were produced with the Finnish handsheet former and the StratEx sheet-maker made by Innventia. The research consists of the following tests: Tissue Softness Analysis, (TSA), tensile strength and bending stiffness. The tests are done with different combinations of lyocell, PLA, softwood and dissolving pulp in the tested sheets. It is also tested if the lyocell can be a meaningful substitution for PLA in combination with softwood pulp and dissolving pulp when creating the fabric-like materials. In conclusion of this research it can be said that, compared to benchmarking samples like bedding sheets, table cloths and cotton shirts, the sheets created and tested are competitive alternatives to existing materials when it comes to softness. It also became clear that the tensile strength has to be increased to make fabric-like nonwoven materials applicable on the same level as existing textiles. Even so, it is still evident that there is a potentiality in the use of paper machines in the development and creation of new fabric-like materials.

This research is divided into three major parts. In part I, the critical supersaturations required for the homogeneous nucleation of 2,2,2-trifluorothanol (TFE) vapor have been measured over a temperature range (266-296 K) using an upward thermal diffusion cloud chamber (DCC). The measured supersaturations are in agreement with the predictions of both the classical and the scaled theory of nucleation. Moreover, the condensation of supersaturated TFE vapor on laser-vaporized magnesium nanoparticles has been studied under different experimental conditions, such as the supersaturation, the pressure and the electric field. In part II, the laser vaporization controlled condensation (LVCC) technique was used to prepare Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles in the vapor phase using designed targets of compressed Au and Ag micron-sized powder mixtures of selected composition. The results showed that the optical properties of these nanoparticles could be tuned depending on the alloy composition and the laser wavelength. Different intermetallic nanoparticles (FeAl and NiAl) from the vapor phase has also been prepared, using the same approach.In this work, the fraction of the charged particles generated during the laser vaporization process was used to prepare a new class of nanoparticle assemblies in the LVCC chamber under the influence of an electric field. The results showed that the electric field required to induce the formation of these nanoassemblies is material and field dependent. By coupling the LVCC chamber with the differential mobility analyzer, size-selected nanoparticles have been prepared in the vapor phase. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-visible spectroscopy. In part III, new methods were developed to prepare nanoparticle-polymer composites from the vapor phase. In the first method, the LVCC method was used to prepare a carbonaceous cross-linked resin, with different nanoparticles (Ni, Pt and FeAl) embedded inside. In the second method, free radical-thermally initiated polymerization was used to polymerize a monomer vapor of styrene on the surfaces of activated Ni nanoparticles.

Thesis title: Reduction of body weight and body composition based on diet and movement regime Object of the thesis: Investigate whether it is possible by changing diet, adding the movement activities, to achieve weight loss and changes in body composition. The research was conducted on a sample of seven people who were selected only on the basis of his personal interest in this issue and who wanted to reach just a weight loss. The age range of this research group is 21 to 51 years. Method of the thesis: To obtain the data was during the research measuring physical parameters used bioelectrical impedance analysis. Another fact was control detection of current diet and movement regime of examined persons. The research survey was conducted anonymously, nowhere does not appear the names of participating persons. Results of the thesis: Our first task was to confirm that all probands achieve due to modified diet on the basis of model diet regime and participation on physical activities a reduction in body weight. Then it was followed by another task, which we should confirm that the proposed regime's treatment causes weight loss of 4 kg or more. The first question on the basis of the results was confirmed in part only because the weight reduction achieved 5 out of 7 probands. Similarly, the second task...

Since the mid 90's computer communication has become more and more common in cars and other auto mobiles. CAN based networks with sensors transmitting small data packets are utilized in the automotive industry to operate and supervise vehicles' functionality. To ease communication several higher layer protocols for CAN based networks have been developed. In some applications it is necessary to exchange information between networks using different protocols, and by connecting the two networks to a gateway, the information is translated and forwarded and intercommunication is enabled. This master thesis is conducted at Torqeedo GmbH, Munich. Theme of the thesis was “Designing and Development of a Data Logging and Monitoring Tool”. Term “data logging” refers to the gathering or collection of specific data over a period of time. Monitoring means evaluate the data we are logging. Tools for data logging and monitoring are used in variant application these days. In medical, in-vehicle data logging and environment monitoring. This data could be voltage, current temperature, Time stump, heartbeat of the patient, vehicle fuel level etc. To capture and log data various communication channels used. Such channel varies from simple data cable to satellite link. There are variant protocols used for different communication channels. For our DBHS logging and monitoring tool we are using CANopen protocol. Main goal of this thesis is to develop a tool which can make debugging easy and log connection box data so we can use logged data later on for offline data analysis and simulation purposes.

Este trabalho tem como fulcro o desenvolvimento de um gerador de analisadores sintáticos do tipo top-down para gramáticas LL(1) com entrada gráfica da gramática, bem como uma comparação do mesmo com outros geradores em uso no mercado. Como resultado foi obtido um gerador totalmente funcional, e foi mostrado como ele é superior aos outros analisadores. São descritos detalhes da implementação e foi elaborado um manual de uso do sistema implementado em Java independente de ambientes de programação. / This thesis has as its main goal the development a parser generator using top-down syntax analysis for LL(1) grammars. Its input is a graph grammar. A comparison with available parser generators is also presented. As a result a fully executable generator, and the fact that it is superior to the other generators was demonstrated. This work contains details of the implementation, and presents a users manual of the system, which was implemented in Java. The system is independent of programming environments.