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The health risks of unsafe sexual behaviour among young people aged 15-24, the stage when sexual activity including risky sexual behaviour is likely to begin, has been receiving growing attention. Researchers are attempting to identify factors which influence young people’s sexual behaviour so that meaningful prevention and intervention programmes can be developed. Using the 2005 Zambia Sexual Behaviour Survey, this study examines the level and determinants of sexual behaviour measured according to age at first sex, age at first childbearing, and condom use at first sex, among young people in Zambia. A total sample of 2,813 young people, representing 57.16 percent females and 42.84 percent males, was chosen for the analysis. The study employed survival analysis techniques to examine the timing and determinants of first sex and first childbearing. In addition, logistic regression models were used to predict the drivers of condom use at first sex. The analysis established that age at first sex, age at first childbearing, and condom use at first sex among young people in Zambia differ by cohort, gender, urban/rural residence, marital status, educational attainment, and province of residence. The results show that more young women (69.15 percent) than young men (57.84 percent) had initiated sex aged 15-24 years; whereas 47.89 percent of young women aged 15-24 years reported having had a first birth. The level of condom use at first sex was less than a quarter for young men (23.63 percent) and young women (24.34 percent), posing serious health challenges. There was evidence that the strongest predictors of sexual debut among young men were current age, residing in Lusaka or Northern provinces, and living in a household with television; while current age and higher education were positively associated with condom use at first sex among young women. The important determinants of first childbearing were age at first sex, and educational attainment. Finally, being unmarried, with some level of education, residing in Eastern, Luapula, Lusaka or Northern provinces, and living in a household with piped water or flush toilet, were found to be critical predictors of condom use at first sex among young people. It was concluded that although Zambia has shown progress in delaying sexual debut and first childbearing, other areas such as condom use at first sex, show little change – indicating a need for renewed efforts in HIV and AIDS prevention and family planning programmes. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.

Denna uppsats kommer att behandla arbetslöshet bland unga vuxna som just nu befinner sig i ett arbetsmarknadspolitiskt program via ett specifikt företag här i Sverige. Företagets arbete syftar bland annat till att hjälpa långtidsarbetslösa till sysselsättning. Syftet med undersökningen är att utifrån informanternas upplevelse analysera vad som påverkar just deras arbetslöshet. Jag har utifrån en kvalitativ metod genomfört sex intervjuer med unga män i åldrarna 22-26 år. Materialet har sedan analyserats utifrån två sociologiska perspektiv: Symbolisk interaktionism samt Emotionssociologi. I min analys av materialet fann jag två kärnkategorier. Den första var kategorin ung och stigmatiserad, vilken genomsyrades av informanternas upplevelse att de som unga inte alltid får chansen att visa vad de går för. Men också att de som unga helt enkelt inte har hunnit skaffa sig tillräckligt med erfarenhet eller nätverk. Detta kan bero på den förlängda etableringsprocessen som även forskningen i ämnet tar upp. Den andra kärnkategorin jag fann var socialt stöd, vilken var av en betydande roll när det gäller informanternas situation som arbetslösa. Stöd visade sig nämligen höja motivationen till att ta sig ur deras arbetslöshet. Fanns det inget stöd från tillexempel familjemedlemmar tenderade detta istället att ge informanterna upplevelser av skam över sin situation och därmed även en lägre motivation för vissa av dem. Informanterna blev även färgade av hur deras närmaste omgivning såg på dem som arbetslösa, vilket också påverkade hur de upplevde att övriga samhället värderade dem. / This paper will address unemployment among young adults who now find themselves in an action program through a specific company here in Sweden, whose work, among other things, aims to help long-term unemployed into employment. The purpose of the study is based on the informants' experience analyzing what affects their particular unemployment. I have based the study on a qualitative method and conducted six interviews with young men aged 22-26 years. The material was then analyzed and based on two sociological perspectives: symbolic interactionism and emotion sociology. In my analysis of the material I found two corecategories. The first category is young and stigmatized and this category was imbued with that young people not always get the chance to show what they can do. But also because they simply have not yet acquired enough experience or networks. This may be due to the extended provisioning process that research on this subject raises. The other corecategory is social support, wich had a significant role in the informants' situation as unemployed. Support turned out to increase the motivation to get out of their unemployment. If there was no support from families, informants tended to feel ashamed about their situation and thus tended to give a lower motivation for some of them. The informants were also affected by how the people around them viewed them as unemployed, which in turn affected how they felt the rest of society valued them.

In the unique post-war and post-socialist arena several recent studies onformer Yugoslavian countries indicate that young people confronted by challengesof risk and uncertainty are turning away from the national and politicalsphere. Instead, they often seek trust and opportunities in their networks and relationshipson a personal level. This thesis explores the narratives and everydaypractices of young adults in Sarajevo regarding their friendship sociabilities. The aim is to provide an insight on how friendships are characterised, experiencedand related to the specific social and economic organisations that influencesthem. Based on fieldwork carried out in Sarajevo, Bosnia & Herzegovina myproject wants to present how young adults are reflecting and developing aspirationsin the light of their available choices and opportunities in life and how theyare using their friends in order to access various types of benefits and support. It is argued that in specific contexts friendships constitute the main social capitals and orientation points for young people. In order to explore and navigate through the different interests and agendas present in their community when it comes to personal education, career development and housing young peoplenecessarily choose to favour the reliance on their informal solidarities in form offriendships.

The shift from Modernism to Postmodernism had a dramatic impact on different spheres of life, especially on premarital relationships. The Song of songs has been used as basis theory in this study on premarital relationships. The study attempts to lay down guidelines for premarital relationships from the conviction that human relationships are grounded in God's love for man. The perspectives which have became evident are developed and evaluated through the meta-theory. Any study on young people in relationships must consider changes in society due to the fact that young people perform an important seismographic function. This is due to the fact that they are not only deeply affected by these changes but are also acting as indicators for the demands and challenges that changing times has on people and relationships. The lifecycle from late adolescence to early adulthood is studied. Special focus is given to different areas of development in this lifecycle as well as to different relationships young people are involved with. Qualitative interviews have been used to determine the effect of the Postmodernism and the specific lifecycle on young people in premarital relationships. A practice-orientated theoretical framework for pastoral guidance of young people in premarital relationships is drafted. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Pastoral))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.

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No description available.

No description available.

According to the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation of Canada, there is approximately 1 in every 200 individuals who is living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Many of those living with IBD also need to have an ostomy. The literature on the effects IBD and an ostomy has on adolescents and young adults lacks consensus. Therefore, the purpose of this phenomenological study was to try to understand the lived experiences of adolescents and young adults (N=6) living with IBD and an ostomy. Sociodemographic information was collected, and the participants were interviewed in person using a semi-structured interview guide. The work of van Manen (1990) was used as a guide for data collection, analysis and interpretation of this study. Analysis revealed the essence of the adolescents’ and young adults’ lived experience as being “Concealing and Revealing the Self”. Three themes communicate the essence of their lived experience: (a) Uneasy feelings, (b) “It’s hard…”, and (c) A renewed sense of self. The needs of the adolescents and young adults, along with their recommendations to health care providers, are addressed. The study findings inform nurses in the areas of practice, education and research. Practice recommendations include being cognizant that these individuals need holistic care that addresses their psychological, psychosocial and physical needs. This study forms the basis for future research to explore some of the themes in greater detail, as well as a recommendation for a longitudinal study.

Bakgrund: Att drabbas av cancer som ung vuxen innebär ett avbrott i livsprocessen och det kan upplevas som en katastrofal förändring. När en människa upplever att helheten hotas uppstår ett lidande, unga vuxna som drabbas av allvarlig sjukdom kan uppleva traumatisk kris. Det är viktigt att i ett tidigt stadium fånga upp och stötta unga vuxna med en cancerdiagnos eftersom lidandet kan lindras under sjukdomsprocessen. Individer som får social och professionellt stöd orkar engagera sig i återhämtningsprocessen och kan uppnå bättre livskvalité. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att belysa unga vuxnas behov av stöd under behandling av cancersjukdom. Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och kvalitativ innehållsanalys användes för att analysera bloggarna. Datamaterialet bestod av fem svenska bloggar publicerade på ung cancers webbsida. Resultat: Unga vuxna med en cancersjukdom upplevde att socialt stöd var värdefullt under cancerbehandling. Individerna upplevde emotionellt, informativt, praktisk och bekräftande stöd från familj och närstående samt från individer i liknande situation. Det professionella stödet uppskattades när individerna betraktades som en helhet dock visades det vara negativt när det brast i kommunikationen mellan patient och vårdgivare. Slutsats: Unga vuxna som drabbades av en cancersjukdom hade behov av både socialt och professionellt stöd för att hantera sjukdomen. / Background: To develop cancer as an adolescent or young adult means a break in a critical stage of the life process, and can be a devastating experience for the patient. When an individual feels their current existence is threatened there is an immediate crisis, followed by traumatization and suffering. This seems to be especially true for young adults. It is important to catch and support the young adults at an early stage in their cancer diagnosis because this can lead to a relief throughout the disease process. Individuals who receive social and professional support are able to engage themselves in their recovery process, and can achieve a better quality of life. Objective: The aim of this study was to highlight young adults' needs for support during treatment of cancer. Method: The study has a qualitative approach and a qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the blogs. The data consisted of five Swedish blogs published on young cancers (Ung Cancer) website. Results: Young adults with cancer felt that social support was valuable during cancer treatment. The individuals experienced emotional, informative, practical and appraisal support from family and relatives, as well as from individuals in similar situations. The professional support was appreciated when the holistic perspective of the individuals were considered. However, the support was shown to be negative when communication failed between patient and caregiver. Conclusion: Young adults who suffered from cancer were in need of both social and professional support to handle the situation mentally.