La llegada del sonido 3D está imponiendo cambios en varias etapas del flujo de trabajo, desde los sistemas de captación hasta las metodologías de postproducción y las configuraciones de altavoces. Esta tesis trata varios aspectos relacionados con el audio 3D: en la parte de captación, presentamos un estudio sobre las características de los micrófonos tetraédricos y una solución para obtener las componentes Ambisonics del segundo orden usando un pequeño número de transductores del primer orden; en la parte de producción, se presenta una aplicación para la mezcla automatizada de eventos deportivos, para reducir la complexidad del multicanal en tiempo real; para la restitución del audio independiente del sistema de altavoces, en el que los niveles de salida a los altavoces son una incógnita hasta la decodificación, se propone un detector de clipping independiente del layout. Finalmente, se presentan test psico-acústicos para validar aspectos perceptivos relacionados con el audio 3D. / The advent of 3D audio is dictating changes in several stages of the audio work-flow, from recording systems and microphone configurations, to post-production methodologies and loudspeaker configurations. This thesis tackles aspects related to 3D audio arising in the various stages of production. In the recording part, we present a study on the accuracy of tetrahedral microphones and a solution for obtaining second-order Ambisonics responses from first-order transducers using a small number of sensors; in the production stage, we introduce an application for automated assisted mixing of sport events, to reduce the complexity of managing multiple audio channels in real time; a clipping detector is proposed for the rendering of layout-independent audio content to generic playback systems, where the signal levels sent to the speakers are unknown until the decoding stage; finally, psychoacoustic experiments are presented for the validation of perceptual and aesthetic aspects related to 3D audio.

<p>U disertaciji je prikazan i predložen novi metod merenja snage<br />i energije vetra koji se bazira na stohastičkoj digitalnoj mernoj<br />metodi (SDMM), umesto do sada korišćene standardne sempling<br />metode (SSM). Standard za merenje brzine vetra predstavlja<br />anemometar sa šoljicama, koji na svom izlazu daje sinusni napon<br />čija su amplituda i frekvencija linearno zavisne od brzine<br />vetra. Kako su snaga i energija vetra proporcionalne trećem<br />stepenu brzine vetra, u tu svrhu se primenjuje generalizovan<br />hardver namenjen za računanje proizvoda tri ulazna signala. Zbog<br />niskog frekvencijskog opsega ulaznog signala izvršeno je<br />značajno pojednostavljenje hardvera mernog uređaja. Teorijskom<br />analizom, simulacijom, a potom i eksperimentom potvrđena je<br />hipoteza istraživanja, da se SDMM uspešno može koristiti za<br />merenje snage i energije vetra.</p> / <p>In this dissertation а new wind power and energy measurement<br />method, based on Stochastic Digital Measurement Method (SDMM),<br />was elaborated and proposed, to replace the commonly used Standard<br />Sampling Method (SSM). The standard for wind speed measurement is<br />a cup anemometer that provides a sinusoidal voltage on its output,<br />having the amplitude and frequency linearly dependent of the wind<br />speed. Since the wind power and energy are proportional to the third<br />degree of the wind speed, the general case hardware has been designed<br />for the product calculation over three input signals. The low frequency<br />range of the input signal allows for a significant simplification of the<br />measuring instrument hardware. By theoretical analysis and<br />simulation, and consequently through an experiment the hypothesis of<br />this research was confirmed - that SDMM can be successfully used to<br />measure wind power and energy.</p>

Cette thèse présente les traductions des trois traités de navigation écrits en latin (et restés à ce jour inédits) par Giovanni Poleni, professeur de mathématiques, physique, astronomie, philosophie mécanique expérimentale, navigation et construction navale à l’université de Padoue : La meilleure manière de mesurer sur mer le chemin d’un vaisseau, indépendamment des observations astronomiques (1733), Dissertations latines sur les ancres portant sur La figure optimale selon laquelle les ancres peuvent être formées, De la technique la plus performante pour forger les ancres, La manière d’éprouver la force des ancres, soit leur résistance (1737), le troisième traité concerne l’amélioration de l’usage du cabestan : De Ergatae Navalis praestabiliore, facilioreque Usu, Dissertatio (1741). Ces trois traités furent primés par l’Académie Royale des Sciences de Paris (prix Rouillé de Meslay). Un corpus traduit de la correspondance latine de Poleni avec les savants européens, la traduction des programmes latins de ses cours de navigation ainsi qu’une enquête in situ à Venise, Vérone ou à Padoue furent nécessaires pour contextualiser les traités. La reconstitution grandeur nature de deux machines de navigation de Poleni : le cabestan et la machine pour mesurer la force du vent, réalisée par des étudiants de BTS Développement Réalisation Bois et des élèves de CAP Serrurerie Métallerie furent testées en mer. Le premier volume propose une biographie de Giovanni Poleni, les « appels à projets » de l’Académie Royale des Sciences de Paris (1733-1741), les traductions commentées des trois traités de Poleni ainsi que la reconstitution de ses machines. Le second tome regroupe les fac-similés des manuscrits ou des imprimés originaux de l’universitaire padouan. / This doctoral thesis presents the translation of the three shipping essays written in latin (and never translated until now) by Giovanni Poleni, professor of mathematics, physics, astronomy, mechanical and experimental philosophy, shipping and shipbuilding in the University of Padua: La meilleure manière de mesurer sur mer le chemin d’un vaisseau, indépendamment des observations astronomiques (1733), Dissertations latines sur les ancres about La figure optimale selon laquelle les ancres peuvent être formées, De la technique la plus performante pour forger les ancres, La manière d’éprouver la force des ancres, soit leur résistance (1737), the third essay relates how to improve the use of the ship's capstan: De Ergatae Navalis praestabiliore, facilioreque Usu, Dissertatio (1741).These three essays were rewarded by the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris (prize Rouillé de Meslay). A translated corpus of the Poleni's latin correspondence with the others European scholars, the translation of the latin programmes of his shipping courses and an on-site survey in Venice, Verona and Padua were required in order to contextualize the essays. The full-scale reconstruction of Poleni’s shipping machines: the capstan and the machine to measure the wind force, made by the students of BTS Development Achievement Wood and the pupils of CAP Metal Forming and Ironwork were tested in sea. The first volume provides a biography of Giovanni Poleni, the “Calls forProjects” of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris (1733-1741), the translations commented of the Poleni’s three shipping essays and the reconstruction of his shipping machines. The second one collects the manuscripts or original printouts' facsimile written by the Paduan academic.

This thesis is focused on the creation of measuring workplace for remote power supply system. This is the measuring of the workplace, engaged in the processing of measured data, the production of electrical energy made by a photovoltaic panel and wind turbines. In the theoretical part, the reader is familiar with the issue of renewable energy sources. The first chapter is about the energy of the wind. Here is described the emergence of the wind, the basic division of wind power, through the production of electrical energy to the measurement itself. The second chapter deals with the solar energy. This chapter describes the emergence of the solar energy, photoelectric effect, description of characteristic features and related evaluation of the photovoltaic panel. The reader learns the basic distribution photovoltaic panels here and their manufacturing. The third chapter is devoted to measurement methods and specifying the basic conditions for the evaluation of the operation of wind turbines and photovoltaic panel. In the fourth chapter describes the basic data on individual facilities, which have been selected for this thesis and the involvement of the measuring site. There is also included wind power JPT-100 photovoltaic panels A-130 anemometer TX20ETH, pyranometer SG420 and temperature sensor PT100. Measuring software is described in the fifth chapter. In the last chapter, contains the experimental measurements in the selected time interval and the actual evaluation.

The Ph.D. thesis deals with the evaluation of indoor thermal environment in which people are located. A great attention is paid to the thermal comfort. If a person in a given environment does not feel well, then makes mistakes. Thermal comfort is created many parameters that can be monitored and managed. These parameters include not only temperature but also other parameters such as the mean radiant temperature, operative temperature, humidity and air velocity and the draft. All these parameters can be measured. The standard ČSN EN ISO 7726 is written how and what the parameters are measured. Furthermore, this standard provides requirements for measuring equipment. There are many professional measuring devices. Unfortunately, these devices are very expensive. Therefore are within the project GACR 101/09/H050 - Research on energy- saving equipment to achieve the quality of the indoor environment at our faculty developed sensors for thermal comfort, which have showed comparable accuracy measurements as a professional , but it will be cheaper than professional. Knowledge of real parameters of the developed sensor thermal comfort environment is important, as with any other measurement devices, and also need to verified whether it has the required accuracy. In order to objectively sensors testing were developed two chambers - the testing and calibration chamber. The developed sensors were tested both in the open laboratory, and also in the test chamber. Then uncertainties measurement were calculated from the results of measurements This work deals with the evaluation of thermal comfort, the measurement of parameters of thermal environment, the evaluating the results of measurements and determining the measurement uncertainty of the sensors. In this thesis, based on these results, were recommended suitable sensors for measuring various parameters environment.

This thesis is developed as a proposal for heating for a primary school and kindergarten in the region of Brno-countryside. For the insulated building, a combination of heating and air-conditioning is proposed. The concept is designed so that the air-conditioning preheats the exterior air and the heating system warms the incoming air to a comfortable temperature. For the required thermal performance, sources of heat (for gas and pellets) and a layout solution for the boiler room is designed. Drainage of combustion products is proposed for both solutions. The project solution is per the extent of the construction permit. The theoretical part is linked with the practical part through the condensation boilers, their function and division, and drainage of combustion products. The experiment for the given topic was conducted on the drainage of combustion products. The pressure loss of the reverse knob was determined in relation to the flow rate of air in the condensation boilers as this loss is essential in assessing the drainage of combustion products.