La thèse analyse les conditions de variation des motivations des étudiants chinois apprenant le français. Après la description historique du développement de l’enseignement du français et de la didactique du FLE en Chine, on s’est concentré sur l’enjeu affectant le plus la qualité de l’enseignement de la langue française : la motivation des enseignés. La particularité de cette recherche est l’application des approches motivationnelles en acquisition de la troisième langue (ATL), pour la première fois dans le contexte chinois de l’enseignement du français. À la suite de l’adaptation du modèle AMTB de Gardner, 184 questions ont constitué la banque de questions pour la production aléatoire de l’enquête. On a sélectionné une université publique chinoise comme lieu de recherche empirique et organisé trois passations pour observer la variation de la motivation : au début du semestre (point de départ), avant la fin du semestre et après les vacances. Plus de 180 étudiants du département de français ont participé à cette série d’enquêtes. On a comparé deux classes de chaque promotion dont l’une a suivi le système d’évaluation continue, et l’autre non. Tout en recueillant, d’une manière quantitative dans chaque classe, les variations des réponses des étudiants au sujet de la motivation, on a montré la supériorité du système d’évaluation continue pour la motivation dans l’apprentissage du français. Ce résultat est apparu, alors qu’on a également procédé à une analyse différentielle et comparative de l’influence de facteurs motivationnels, comme le genre des étudiants, la situation familiale et géographique, le niveau d’éducation des parents, l’apprentissage précoce du français, et les rôles des étudiants dans la classe. En faisant la synthèse des réponses des étudiants les plus motivés dans chaque classe, on a retrouvé les mêmes caractéristiques communes, ce qui nous semble constituer une première réponse sur la logique interne de la variation de la motivation dans l’acquisition du français. / The thesis analyzes the circumstances of the change in the motivations of Chinese students of french. After the historical description of the development of the teaching of french and teaching french in China, we focus on the analysis the issue that affects the quality of the french language instruction: the motivation of the taught. The special feature of this research is the application of motivational approaches in acquiring the third language (ATL) for the first time in the Chinese context of the teaching of french. As a result of the adaptation of the model AMTB of Gardner, 184 questions were question Bank for the random production of the investigation. We have selected a Chinese public University as place of empirical research and three passages for monitoring the change in motivation: at the beginning of the semester (starting point), before the end of the semester and after the holidays. More than 180 students of the french department participated in this series of surveys. In the form of a quantitative comparison, summarizes the motivational influence of natural, educational and family factors such as the sexe of students, the family situation, the preparation of the french course, the role of class and the reguliar evaluation system to better understand the internal logic of the change in motivation in acquisition of french.

Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-02-21T21:35:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Pos banca Final.pdf: 10846078 bytes, checksum: 3a74cdd39783b17cdb4b6e3cc625186c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-21T21:35:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Pos banca Final.pdf: 10846078 bytes, checksum: 3a74cdd39783b17cdb4b6e3cc625186c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-29 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / The genus Anomochloa Brongn. includes a single species, A. marantoidea Brongn., known as the earliest extant grass. It is a rare species from the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest, endemic to the southern Bahia. Only two populations were discovered so far, occurring out protected areas with few individuals registered, thus, A. marantoidea is considered critically threatened with extinction. The study of this species is highly important to understand evolutionary processes within Poaceae family. The present study aimed to increase the knowledge about its geographic range, to evaluate its potential areas of occurrence and to access its genetic diversity, detecting probable genetic threats as a result of its small population size. These data are essential for the development of conservation programs. Two new populations were recently discovered and the modeled ecological niche to A. marantoidea did not diverge from the expected geographical extent, denoting high climatic restriction and reasserting its rarity. The variables Index of Tree Cover and Rainfall are the main components that influence its restricted distribution. The levels of genetic diversity within the populations accessed by molecular markers indicate that A. marantoidea exhibits capacity for favorable response in short time and a conservation plan may be efficient to maintain its current genetic diversity. This diversity is correlated to the population size, for this reason, the propagules necessary for establishing new populations in climatically suitable sites must be originated from the largest populations. Genetic structure analysis suggests recent fragmentation and low gene flow among populations showing high levels of inbreeding. In this way, we recommend human mediated gene flow between the populations in order to mitigate the risks of inbreeding depression. It is hypothesized that the genetic differences among populations are caused mostly by random drift, resulting in populations with few individuals more genetically differentiated than the large ones. This implies that a minimum number of individuals (~100) is desirable to avoid the decrease of genetic diversity in populations. / O g?nero Anomochloa Brongn. inclui uma ?nica esp?cie, A. marantoidea Brongn., reconhecidamente a mais antiga entre as gram?neas viventes. ? uma esp?cie rara, end?mica da Mata Atl?ntica do sul do estado da Bahia com apenas duas popula??es conhecidas at? pouco tempo, ambas com poucos indiv?duos e nenhuma em ?rea protegida, sendo considerada criticamente amea?ada de extin??o. O conhecimento sobre essa esp?cie ? de suma import?ncia para compreender a evolu??o dentro da fam?lia, e assim, o presente trabalho visou ampliar o conhecimento acerca da extens?o da distribui??o geogr?fica da mesma e avaliar suas ?reas potenciais de ocorr?ncia, bem como conhecer os n?veis de diversidade e amea?as gen?ticas resultantes do pequeno tamanho populacional, dados essenciais para programas que visem sua conserva??o. Duas novas popula??es foram localizadas recentemente e o nicho ecol?gico modelado n?o divergiu da distribui??o esperada, indicando uma alta restri??o clim?tica e reafirmando a raridade da esp?cie. O ?ndice de cobertura vegetal e a precipita??o foram os principais requisitos ambientais a influenciar sua distribui??o t?o restrita. Os n?veis de diversidade gen?tica nas popula??es inferidos por marcadores moleculares indicam que a esp?cie tem capacidade para responder imediatamente bem em curto prazo e que um plano de conserva??o pode ser eficiente em manter a atual diversidade espec?fica. Esta diversidade se mostrou relacionada com tamanho populacional, assim, prop?gulos para o estabelecimento de novas popula??es em s?tios climaticamente adequados devem ser obtidos das maiores popula??es. An?lises de estrutura??o gen?tica sugerem fragmenta??o recente e indicam baixo fluxo g?nico entre as popula??es conhecidas da esp?cie, com consequentes altos n?veis de endogamia, por isso ? recomendado fluxo g?nico mediado por atividade humana entre as popula??es para evitar depress?o endog?mica. ? hipotetizado que diferen?as gen?ticas entre as popula??es s?o causadas majoritariamente por deriva aleat?ria, o que tornou popula??es com menos indiv?duos mais diferenciadas geneticamente daquela com o maior n?mero. Isso implica que um n?mero m?nimo de indiv?duos (~100) ? desej?vel para evitar redu??o na diversidade gen?tica das popula??es.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:09:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 440748.pdf: 8936541 bytes, checksum: 998bbdbac4c6dc03fc3b7a20e9a2b03d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-15 / Biological invasions exponentially increased in the past century in the whole world, they became conspicuous in practically every ecosystem. By one side, invasive species may have few or none effects upon native communities. In the extreme opposite, they may cause deep structural changes, resulting in local or global species extinction. Thus, it is crucial to known patterns and process related with invasions, in order to take management decisions, when necessary, and/or to prevention new invasions. The understanding of invasion effects upon amphibian populations and communities its an urgent need. This group has been suffering with high rates of population declines and extinctions, and invasions are among the causation factors of this scene. Amphibians could be affected by a variety of non-native species, including amphibians itself. Lithobates catesbeianus, the American bullfrog, is an example of successful invasive species. The bullfrog is present in more than 40 countries throughout the world, including Brazil. The species introduction is often associated with aquaculture activities. Lithobates catesbeianus is a generalist predator; it may be a superior competitor in relation with many species at larval and adult phases; individuals could be vectors of diseases, which are lethal to many other amphibian species. In Brazil, the introduction occurred at 1935, when were imported the first specimens to initiate the first bullfrog farm. The bullfrog farming expanded in following decades, and individuals were translocated to diverse new Brazilian states. Many escapes and releases occurred, resulting in the invasive populations presence in a high number of municipalities. The goals of this thesis are: i) to characterize the current bullfrog distribution in Brazil; ii) to identify the main factors prediction the invasion spatial patterns, regarding abundance and presence of stablished populations; iii) to test for potential negative effects of bullfrog invasion upon amphibian richness; iv) to test if it bullfrog calls may promote competition in the acoustic niche. To attain these goals, besides data compilation from published studies and natural history collections (goal i), samplings were carried out in 90 waterbodies, in three Southern Atlantic Forest areas (goals i, ii and iii), and it was conduced an in situ experiment to test the effects of bullfrog advertisement calls upon a native treefrog advertisement call (goal iv). Based on data collected in field and data compiled from other studies, it was possible to diagnose that the species is present in a many higher number of localities than previous reported. The current spatial distribution patterns of L. catesbeianus abundance, in Atlantic Forest Areas, are mostly predicted by local waterbody descriptors, i.e. fine spatial scale. Spatial models and landscape descriptor also predict bullfrog abundance distribution, but are secondary factors. The same waterbody characteristics were predictors of established population presence. The waterbodies where bullfrogs were found in higher abundances did not showed lower native amphibian richness. The relationship between bullfrog postmetamorphic abundances and native amphibian richness was weak and positive. When spatial, environmental and community composition gradients were taken into account, the bullfrog-richness relationship reveled to be indirect. The bullfrog predicted gradient composition change, which in its turn predicted richness. Its possible to interpret that bullfrog is showing higher abundances in certain communities, and such communities with more bullfrog individuals are species rich. Lithobates catesbeianus showed association with common species, with wide geographical distribution, but was observed co-occurring with a variety of species, even at small abundances. During the experiment simulating an acoustic invasion, it was observed that bullfrog advertisement call may induce change in native frogs advertisement calls. Calling males of Hypsiboas albomarginatus, exposed to a sequence of bullfrog advertisement calls with five min. duration, showed alterations in note duration and frequencies of their calls. Once the advertisement call is the primary reproductive selection basis for many anurans, such change may imply in adaptative loss. The set of the results presented in this thesis, allowed a better diagnostic of Lithobates catesbeianus invasion in Brazil, indicating that its at late invasional stages. It was possible to observe that species distribution is responding to local filter, mostly waterbody features. None negative relationship with native amphibian richness was observed. Nonetheless, there is no data about communities status before invasion to make possible to assert that species loss did not occurred in the past. The results of acoustic invasion experiment are an example that invasion effects upon native species may be subtle. / Invas?es biol?gicas cresceram exponencialmente no s?culo passado em todo o planeta, tornando-se consp?cuas em quase todos os ecossistemas. Esp?cies invasoras podem ter pouca ou nenhuma consequ?ncia sobre as comunidades nativas em um extremo e, em outro, podem acarretar em profunda mudan?a estrutural, culminando com a extin??o local e/ou global de muitas esp?cies. Entender os efeitos das invas?es sobre popula??es e comunidades de anf?bios ? uma necessidade urgente. Esse grupo tem sofrido decl?nios populacionais e extin??es a altas taxas, e invas?es contribuem para esse quadro. Anf?bios s?o afetados por diversos grupos de invasores, incluindo anf?bios invasores. Lithobates catesbeianus, a r?-touro americana, ? um exemplo de esp?cie de anf?bio invasora. A r?-touro est? presente em mais de 40 pa?ses em todo o mundo, incluindo o Brasil. A introdu??o da esp?cie est? geralmente associada com as atividades de aquicultura. Lithobates catesbeianus ? uma predadora generalista, pode ser uma competidora superior a muitas esp?cies nas fases larval e adulta; indiv?duos podem ser vetores de diversas doen?as letais para muitas esp?cies de anf?bios. No Brasil, a introdu??o da r?-touro data de 1935, quando foram importados os primeiros esp?cimes para a instala??o do primeiro ran?rio do pa?s. A ranicultura cresceu nas d?cadas seguintes, e os indiv?duos foram transportados para diversos estados do pa?s, para instala??o de novos ran?rios. Aconteceram muitos escapes e libera??es na natureza, que resultaram na presen?a de popula??es invasoras da esp?cie em v?rios munic?pios. Os objetivos da presente tese s?o: i) caracterizar a distribui??o atual da r?-touro no pa?s; ii) identificar as caracter?sticas espaciais da invas?o da esp?cie na Mata Atl?ntica Sul do Brasil, quanto ? abund?ncia e presen?a de popula??es estabelecidas; iii) testar os potenciais efeitos negativos da invas?o da r?-touro sobre a riqueza de anf?bios nativa; iv) testar se ? poss?vel que a r?-touro promova competi??o no nicho ac?stico com esp?cies nativas. Para atender tais objetivos, al?m de compila??o de dados dispon?veis na literatura (objetivo i), foram realizadas amostragens em 90 corpos d ?gua, em tr?s regi?es de estudo localizadas na Mata Atl?ntica Sul do Brasil (objetivos i, ii e iii), e foi conduzido um experimento que testou os efeitos da introdu??o do som do canto de an?ncio da r?-touro sobre o canto de uma esp?cie nativa (objetivo iv). Com base nos dados coletados em campo, dados compilados de outros estudos, e registros de cole??es cient?ficas, foi poss?vel diagnosticar que a esp?cie est? presente em um n?mero muito maior de localidades do que se conhecia anteriormente. Os padr?es espaciais de distribui??o das abund?ncias de L. catesbeianus, em ?reas da Mata Atl?ntica sul, s?o preditos principalmente por caracter?sticas dos corpos d ?gua, ou seja, fina escala espacial. Modelos espaciais e paisagem tamb?m explicam essa distribui??o, mas apresentaram-se como fatores secund?rios. Caracter?sticas dos corpos d ?gua tamb?m foram as melhores preditoras da presen?a de popula??es estabelecidas. Os corpos d ?gua onde a r?-touro foi encontrada em maior abund?ncia, n?o apresentaram diminui??o da riqueza de anf?bios nativos. A rela??o entre abund?ncia de indiv?duos p?s-metam?rficos de r?-touro e riqueza de anf?bios nativos foi fraca e positiva. Quando foram considerados os gradientes espaciais, ambientais e de composi??o de comunidades, essa rela??o revelou-se como indireta. A r?-touro prediz a mudan?a do gradiente da composi??o que, por sua vez, prediz a riqueza. Pode-se interpretar que a r?-touro est? exibindo maiores abund?ncias em certas comunidades, e que essas comunidades s?o ricas em esp?cies. Lithobates catesbeianus mostrou-se associada a esp?cies comuns, de ampla distribui??o geogr?fica, mas foi observada co-ocorrendo com diversas esp?cies, ainda que em menores abund?ncias. Durante o experimento simulando a invas?o ac?stica, foi observado que o canto de an?ncio da r?-touro pode causar mudan?a no canto de an?ncio das esp?cies nativas. Machos cantores de Hypsiboas albomarginatus, expostos a uma sequ?ncia de cantos de an?ncio de L. catesbeianus com dura??o de cinco minutos, apresentaram altera??es no tempo de emiss?o e na frequ?ncia de notas de seus cantos. Para muitas esp?cies de anf?bios anuros, o canto de an?ncio ? uma das bases reprodutivas, e tais altera??es podem implicar em redu??o adaptativa. O conjunto de resultados dessa tese permitiu um melhor diagn?stico da invas?o da L. catesbeianus no Brasil, indicando que ela encontra-se em est?gios avan?ados de invas?o. Foi poss?vel observar que a distribui??o da esp?cie est? respondendo a filtros locais. Nenhuma rela??o negativa com a riqueza de esp?cies foi observada. Contudo, n?o h? dados sobre essas comunidades pr?-invas?o para que possamos afirmar que n?o ocorreu perda de esp?cies. Os resultados do experimento de invas?o ac?stica s?o um exemplo de que efeitos sobre as esp?cies nativas podem ser muito sutis.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-02-27T17:20:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - José Vitor Ferreira Alves - 2014.pdf: 3685107 bytes, checksum: fe9f9fed0534abe30c80c9eb985428e4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2015-02-27T17:20:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - José Vitor Ferreira Alves - 2014.pdf: 3685107 bytes, checksum: fe9f9fed0534abe30c80c9eb985428e4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T17:20:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - José Vitor Ferreira Alves - 2014.pdf: 3685107 bytes, checksum: fe9f9fed0534abe30c80c9eb985428e4 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-30 / Leishmaniasis is a group of diseases with distinct clinical, histopathological and immunological characteristics, caused by parasites belonging to the Leishmania genus. The serological tests used until the moment have several limitations. There are a great interest to identify immunogenic proteins of Leishmania to be tested as potential antigens for the development of techniques for the diagnosis of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). The aim of this study was to produce and purify the recombinant proteins "Leishmania activated C kinase" (rLACK); "Thiol Specific Antioxidant" (TSA), "Leishmania elongation initiation factor" (LeIF) and "Leishmania braziliensis stress inducible protein 1" (LbSTI) to evaluate the antigenicity. The recombinant proteins were produced by recombinant DNA techniques as described by Salay et al. (2007). To perform the ELISA, L.(V.) braziliensis (MHOM/BR/1975/M2903) and L.(L.) amazonensis (IFLA/BR/67/PH8) species were cultivated and the antigenic extracts and recombinant proteins were used as antigens. Sixty serum samples from patients with ATL assisted at Anuar Auad hospital, Goiânia, Goiás, were assayed, and from them, 45 were from patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) and 15 were from mucosal leishmaniasis (ML). To analyze the specificity of the response of total extract and the recombinant proteins, sera from patients with other pathologies were tested. The total extract of L. (L.) amazonensis, rLACK, rTSA, rLbSTI and rLeIF showed a sensitivity of 85%, 75%, 70%, 76.7% and 56.1% respectively. The specificity of total extract of L. (L.) amazonensis, rLACK, rTSA, rLbSTI, rLeIF were 72.5%, 80%, 60%, 30% and 62.5% respectively. Thus, these results showed that recombinants proteins and total extract of L. (L.) amazonensis were antigenic and the total extract of L. (L.) amazonensis and rLACK were the antigen that had the best sensibility and specificity. / As leishmanioses compreendem um grupo de doenças que apresentam características clínicas, histopatológicas e imunológicas distintas, é causada por parasitos intracelulares que pertencem ao gênero Leishmania. Os testes sorológicos utilizados até o presente, para o diagnóstico, apresentam várias limitações e por isto é de grande importância identificar proteínas imunogênicas da Leishmania, para que sejam testadas como potenciais antígenos para o desenvolvimento de técnicas para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA). O objetivo deste estudo foi produzir e purificar as proteínas recombinantes “Leishmania activated C kinase” (rLACK); “Thiol Specific Antioxidant” (TSA), “Leishmania elongation initiation factor” (LeIF) e “Leishmania braziliensis stress inducible protein 1” (LbSTI) e avaliar a sua antigenicidade. As proteínas recombinantes foram produzidas pela técnica de DNA recombinante segundo descrito por Salay et al. (2007). Para a realização do ELISA foram cultivadas as espécies L. (V.) braziliensis (MHOM/BR/1975/M2903) e L. (L.) amazonensis (IFLA/BR/67/PH8) e seus extratos antigênicos e as proteínas recombinantes produzidas foram utilizados como antígenos. Foram utilizadas 60 amostras de pacientes com LTA, atendidos no hospital Anuar Auad, Goiânia, Goiás, sendo que destas, 45 eram de pacientes com leishmaniose cutânea localizada (LCL) e 15 eram de leishmaniose mucosa (LM). Para a análise da especificidade foram utilizados o soro de pacientes com outras patologias. O extrato total de L. (L.) amazonensis, rLACK, rTSA, rLbSTI, rLeIF apresentarem sensibilidade de 85%, 75%, 70%, 76,7%, e 56,1% respectivamente. O extrato total de L. (L.) amazonensis, rLACK, rTSA, rLbSTI, rLeIF obtiveram especificidade de 72,5%, 80%, 60%, 30% e 62,5%, respectivamente. Os resultados do presente trabalho demonstraram que as proteínas recombinantes e o extrato total de L. (L.) amazonensis foram antigênicas e o extrato total de L. (L.) amazonensis e a rLACK foram os antígenos que tiveram as melhores sensibilidades e especificidades.

CAPES / The landscape should be interpreted with the objective of identify which areas are most suitable for the development of the various socioeconomic activities and as areas of environmental protection in order to contribute to sustainable development. This work aims to conduct an integrated analysis of the structural features of the landscape in an area in Rio de Janeiro State?s Coastal Atlantic Forest, evaluating the influence of different forms of land use and occupancy of lands on the conservation of biodiversity and maintenance of environmental balance in the basin of Aldeia Velha river. Through a systemic approach, was analyzed the interactive units of the landscape by instruments used in environmental monitoring programs to evaluate the effectiveness of strategies for maintenance of biodiversity in an area of great ecological relevance, covering part of the territory of Brazil?s first Biological Reserve, Biological Reserve Po?o das Antas, home of endemic and endangered species extinction, due maintly to the reduction of its habitat in lownlands areas. Was quantified the effects of negative and positive impacts in the region, regarding the effects of human activities related to the creation of Reserves and Environmental Protection Areas. Methods used were effective and the results indicated the effectiveness of the area occupied by the Biological Reserve for an increase in forest cover and for the maintenance of benthic biodiversity, as well as the priority sites for restoration and conservation of forest cover to ensure the environmental quality. Thus, it is intended to strengthen appropriate management conditions to subsidize projects that take into account the processes of occupation and nature conservation, environmental fragility and the consequences of degradation of the Atlantic Forest in the biodiversity and quality of life in the study watershed. / A paisagem deve ser interpretada com o objetivo de identificar os espa?os mais adequados para o desenvolvimento das diversas atividades socioecon?micas e as ?reas destinadas ? prote??o, de modo a contribuir com o desenvolvimento sustent?vel. Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma an?lise integrada das caracter?sticas estruturais da paisagem em uma regi?o de Mata Atl?ntica litor?nea fluminense, avaliando a influ?ncia das diferentes formas de uso/ocupa??o do solo sobre a conserva??o da biodiversidade e a manuten??o do equil?brio ambiental na bacia do rio Aldeia Velha (RJ). Atrav?s de uma abordagem sist?mica, analisou-se as unidades interativas da paisagem atrav?s de instrumentos utilizados em programas de monitoramento ambiental na avalia??o da efetividade das estrat?gias para a manuten??o da biodiversidade em uma ?rea de grande relev?ncia ecol?gica, que abrange parte do territ?rio da primeira Reserva Biol?gica do Brasil, a REBIO Po?o das Antas, abrigo de esp?cies end?micas e amea?adas de extin??o em decorr?ncia principalmente da diminui??o de seu habitat em ?reas de baixada. Foram quantificados os efeitos dos impactos negativos e positivos na ?rea de estudo, em fun??o das atividades humanas e relacionados ? cria??o de Reservas e ?reas e de prote??o ambiental. Os m?todos utilizados mostraram-se eficientes e os resultados indicaram uma relevante contribui??o da Reserva Biol?gica para um incremento na cobertura florestal e para a manuten??o da biodiversidade bent?nica na por??o do territ?rio protegido inserido na bacia. Entretanto, foram identificados locais priorit?rios para recupera??o e conserva??o da cobertura florestal, como em ?reas de mata ciliar e na zona de amortecimento da Reserva Biol?gica, essenciais para o equil?brio din?mico da bacia, caracterizada como de alta fragilidade/ susceptibilidade ? dist?rbios. Dessa forma, pretende-se fortalecer as condi??es de manejo adequadas e subsidiar projetos em que os processos de ocupa??o levem em conta conserva??o da natureza, fragilidade ambiental e conseq??ncias da degrada??o da Mata Atl?ntica sobre a biodiversidade e a qualidade de vida na bacia em estudo.

Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent of the Adult T-cell Leukemia (ATL), an aggressive lymphoproliferation of activated CD4+ T cells. The lack of a reliable small animal model to reproduce in vivo the leukemogenic process associated with HTLV-1 infection has impaired the understanding of the early stages of this process as well as the discovery of effective therapeutic approaches. Recently, improvement in the models of humanized mouse models were achieved allowing the development of a human immune system in mice. Injection of human hematopoietic stem and progenitors cells purified from cord blood into Balb/c Rag2-/-γc-/- newborns allows the de novo production of human dendritic, B and T cells. We infected humanized mice with HTLV-1 producing cell lines resulting in infection of human cells within the mice and the development of lymphomas and leukemias. This infection also results in the alteration of the T-cell development within the thymus pushing the thymocytes toward a more mature phenotype. This small animal model recapitulating in vivo the HTLV-1 infection and its associated pathogenesis gave us the opportunity to study the evolution of the clonality of the virus among human cells in different lymphoid organs. Based on these observations, preliminary results on the use of a new therapeutic approach were obtained. We finally tried to adjust the humanization protocol in order to obtain better engraftment in this model.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:49:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WallaceMBSM_DISSERT.pdf: 4013575 bytes, checksum: c1fbcb1d396d5e926198f2849acb86a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-25 / Leguminosae is the third largest family of angiosperms with about 19.325 species and 727 genera, and it is pantropically distributed. Papilionoideae is the most diverse of the three legume subfamilies, with around 13.800 species (71%), 478 genera, and 28 tribes. Papilionoid legumes include herbs, shrubs, lianas or trees with pinnate, trifoliolate, unifoliolate or simple leaves, flowers frequently papilionate with descending imbricate petal aestivation, the petals highly differentiated into standard, keel, and wings, androecium usually diplostemous, and seeds without pleurogram, with conspicuous hilum, and the embryo radicle usually curved. The current study aims to carry out a taxonomic account of the Papilionoideae from Atlantic Forest remnants in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, across the herbaria data surveys, collections of field samples and morphological analysis of the collected specimens and/or herbaria materials. Identification key, descriptions, diagnostic characters, illustrations, and geographic distribution of the 68 species and 32 genera within the following tribes Phaseoleae (11 genera/24 species), Dalbergieae (9/20), Swartzieae (3/3), Millettieae (2/4), Sophoreae (2/2), Abreae (1/1), Crotalarieae (1/3), Desmodieae (1/7), Indigofereae (1/3), and Sesbanieae (1/1). The most species-rich genera were Desmodium Desv. (7 species), Centrosema (DC.) Benth. (5), Stylosanthes Sw. (5), Aeschynomene L. (4) and Macroptilium (Benth.) Urb. (4). Concerning to the habit, the herbaceous and shrubby has predominated with 60% (41 spp.), following by the vine and lianas with 28% (19 spp.) and the woody with only 12% (8 spp.). Thirty two species and the following genera are newly recorded for the flora of Rio Grande do Norte: Chaetocalyx, Cochliasanthus, Crotalaria, Galactia, Geoffroea, Macroptilium, Rhynchosia, Swartzia, Trischidium, and Vigna / Leguminosae ? a terceira maior fam?lia de angiospermas, apresentando cerca de 19.325 esp?cies e 727 g?neros e distribui??o pantropical. Papilionoideae ? a mais diversa das tr?s subfam?lias de leguminosas, com cerca de 13.800 esp?cies (71%) subordinadas a 478 g?neros e 28 tribos. ? caracterizada pelo h?bito herb?ceo, arbustivo, lianescente ou arb?reo, folhas pinadas, trifolioladas, unifolioladas ou simples, flores frequentemente papilionadas, com as p?talas diferenciadas em estandarte, carena e alas em preflora??o imbricativa descendente ou vexilar, androceu geralmente diplost?mones e sementes sem pleurograma, com hilo bem desenvolvido e embri?o com rad?cula geralmente curvada. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar um estudo taxon?mico das Papilionoideae ocorrentes na Mata Atl?ntica do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil atrav?s do levantamento de dados de herb?rios, coletas de materiais em campo e an?lise morfol?gica dos esp?cimes coletados e/ou depositados em herb?rios. S?o apresentadas chave de identifica??o, descri??es, caracteres diagn?sticos, ilustra??es e distribui??o geogr?fica das 68 esp?cies e 32 g?neros distribu?dos nas tribos Phaseoleae (11 g?neros/24 esp?cies), Dalbergieae (9/20), Swartzieae (3/3), Millettieae (2/4), Sophoreae (2/2), Abreae (1/1), Crotalarieae (1/3), Desmodieae (1/7), Indigofereae (1/3) e Sesbanieae (1/1). Os g?neros mais representativos foram Desmodium Desv. (7 esp?cies), Centrosema (DC.) Benth. (5), Stylosanthes Sw. (5), Aeschynomene L. (4) e Macroptilium (Benth.) Urb. (4). Quanto ao h?bito, predominou o herb?ceo e arbustivo com 60% (41 spp.), seguido do trepador e lianescente com 28% (19 spp.) e o arb?reo com apenas 12% (8 spp.). Neste trabalho, 32 esp?cies e os seguintes g?neros s?o registrados pela primeira vez para a flora do Rio Grande do Norte: Chaetocalyx, Cochliasanthus, Crotalaria, Galactia, Geoffroea, Macroptilium, Rhynchosia, Swartzia, Trischidium e Vigna

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-16T17:11:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseHilarioTavaresDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1136602 bytes, checksum: c33e551f37120e471667329c4fd818bc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-19T14:21:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseHilarioTavaresDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1136602 bytes, checksum: c33e551f37120e471667329c4fd818bc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-19T14:21:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseHilarioTavaresDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1136602 bytes, checksum: c33e551f37120e471667329c4fd818bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Em diversas regi?es do pa?s foram realizados estudos da fauna de culic?deos em ?reas antropizadas de ambientes variados, urbanos, rurais e florestais. A Floresta Nacional de N?sia Floresta (FLONA-NF), localizada na regi?o Metropolitana de Natal, ? um remanescente de Mata Atl?ntica submetida a hist?ricas etapas de antropiza??o. Os fragmentos encontram-se em lenta regenera??o da mata nativa, portanto apresenta uma heterogeneidade de habitats, o que permite o desenvolvimento de esp?cies de culic?deos com variados h?bitos hematof?gicos e comportamentais, tais fatores estimularam a realiza??o do presente estudo na unidade de conserva??o. Os estudos com culic?deos permitem tamb?m avaliar o grau de altera??o ambiental em algumas regi?es. Esses insetos participam das cadeias epidemiol?gicas de doen?as com distribui??o geogr?fica extensa e ocorr?ncia em grandes grupos populacionais, tornando necess?rio o conhecimento das caracter?sticas biol?gicas das esp?cies com a finalidade de se conhecer pontos vulner?veis que facilitem o controle dos insetos vetores. Com o objetivo de realizar o primeiro levantamento de culicideos na ?rea preservada de N?sia Floresta foram realizadas coletas mensais de mosquitos adultos e imaturos por meio de quatro procedimentos metodol?gicos, coletas com armadilha Shannon, aspirador de Nasci, em brom?lias e larvitrampas entre fevereiro de 2013 e fevereiro de 2014. Foram coletados e identificados morfologicamente por meio de chaves entomol?gicas de identifica??o espec?fica, 8.299 indiv?duos, com a seguinte distribui??o: 7.677 mosquitos adultos coletados na armadilha Shannon; 397 mosquitos capturados por meio de aspirador el?trico de Nasci; 93 e 132 mosquitos imaturos em larvitrampas e brom?lias respectivamente. Entre os culic?deos foram encontrados nove g?neros com 19 esp?cies e 3 g?neros sem identifica??o da esp?cie. O presente estudo mostra-se relevante por ser o primeiro estudo realizado no local, com registro de ocorr?ncia de esp?cies no Rio Grande do Norte; pelo acr?scimo de informa??es sobre a ecologia dos culicideos e por acrescentar conhecimento sobre t?xons com import?ncia m?dica em outras regi?es do pa?s. Al?m disso, sinaliza para a import?ncia da conserva??o do fragmento florestal de mata atl?ntica e an?lises acerca da urbaniza??o das ?reas do entorno da unidade de conserva??o considerando a aproxima??o potencial de hospedeiros invertebrados, vertebrados e consequentemente a veicula??o de pat?genos com impacto na sa?de p?blica. / Studies on culicid fauna were conducted in anthropized areas of urban, rural and forest environments in different regions of Brazil. The National Forest of Nisia Floresta (FLONANF), located in the metropolitan region of Natal, is an Atlantic Forest remnant submitted to historical stages of anthropization. The fragments are in a stage of slow regeneration of native forest, exhibiting, therefore, heterogeneity of habitats, which enables the development of culicid species with varied hematophagic and behavioral habits. These factors stimulated the present study at the conservation unit. Studies of culicids also allow assessing the degree of environmental change in a number of regions. These insects participate in the epidemiological chains of diseases with extensive geographic distribution and occurrence of large population groups, requiring knowledge of the biological characteristics of species in order to determine the vulnerable points that facilitate control of vector insects. With the aim of performing the first culicid survey in the preserved area of Nisia Floresta, monthly collections of adult and immature mosquitoes were conducted by means of four methodological procedures, using a Shannon trap and Nasci aspirator in bromelias and larvitraps between February 2013 and February 2014. A total of 8,299 individuals were collected and identified morphologically using identification keys. The following distribution was obtained: 7,677 adult mosquitoes collected in the Shannon trap; 397 mosquitoes captured by the Nasci aspirator; and 93 and 132 immature mosquitoes in larvitraps and bromelias respectively. Nine genera of culicids were found with 19 species and three genera without species identification. The present study is relevant for being the first conducted at the site, with the occurrence of species in Rio Grande do Norte state; for adding knowledge about both the ecology of culicids and taxa with medical importance in other parts of the country. Furthermore, it highlights the need for conservation of the Atlantic Forest fragment and analyses regarding urbanization of areas surrounding the conservation unit, considering the potential presence of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts and consequent spread of pathogens with an impact on public health.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T17:49:20Z No. of bitstreams: 2 luciana_monteiro_birro_oliveira.pdf: 1415334 bytes, checksum: 61f135beddbe0849eb4137c96d94327e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T17:49:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 luciana_monteiro_birro_oliveira.pdf: 1415334 bytes, checksum: 61f135beddbe0849eb4137c96d94327e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-05T17:49:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 luciana_monteiro_birro_oliveira.pdf: 1415334 bytes, checksum: 61f135beddbe0849eb4137c96d94327e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-05T17:49:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 luciana_monteiro_birro_oliveira.pdf: 1415334 bytes, checksum: 61f135beddbe0849eb4137c96d94327e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A produ??o de mudas via resgate de pl?ntulas ? uma t?cnica pouco estudada e muito promissora, principalmente devido ? manuten??o da diversidade biol?gica e gen?tica das comunidades existentes no ecossistema. Neste estudo avaliou-se a sobreviv?ncia e crescimento de mudas das esp?cies Richeria grandis, Tapirira guianensis, Eremanthus crotonoides e Protium heptaphyllum, obtidas via resgate em ?reas destinadas ? supress?o da vegeta??o em remanescentes de Mata Atl?ntica. O experimento foi implantado em casa de vegeta??o com o delineamento inteiramente casualizado num esquema de parcelas subdivididas. Foram testados quatro n?veis de sombreamento (pleno sol, 30, 50 e 70% de sombra) e quatro tempos de transplantio (0, 12, 24 e 36 horas). Foram avaliadas aos 210 dias as vari?veis sobreviv?ncia, crescimento (altura, di?metro, ?rea da copa e n?mero de folhas), massa seca e massa ?mida e os teores de clorofila a, b e total. A esp?cie E. crotonoide apresentou maior sobreviv?ncia no sombreamento de 50%, o restante das esp?cies o sombreamento de 70% foi o que resultou nas maiores taxas de sobreviv?ncia. O sombreamento de 70% apresentou de maneira geral maior crescimento e n?veis de clorofila para as quatro esp?cies, sendo, portanto o mais recomendado. O transplantio das mudas de R. grandis pode ser realizado em at? 12 horas, enquanto para T. guianensis, E. crotonoides e P. heptaphyllum o mais indicado ? que seja realizado em at? 24 horas / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT Seedling production via rescue of seedlings is an understudied and very promising technique, mainly due to the maintenance of biological and genetic diversity of existing communities in the ecosystem. In this study we assessed the survival and growth of seedlings of species Richeria grandis, Tapirira guianensis, Eremanthus crotonoides and Protium heptaphyllum obtained via redemption in areas intended for removal of vegetation in remnants of Atlantic Forest. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 4x4 split plot arrangement. Four levels of shading (full sun, 30, 50 and 70% shade) and four times transplanting (0, 12, 24 and 36 hours) were tested. Were evaluated at 210 days the variables survival, growth (height, diameter, crown ?rea and number of leaves), dry weight and wet weight, and contents of chlorophyll a, b and total. The species E. crotonoide showed higher survival at 50% shading, the remaining species shading was 70% which resulted in higher survival rates. The shading of 70% was generally higher growth and chlorophyll levels for the four species, thus being the most recommended. The transplanting of seedlings of R. grandis can be accomplished within 12 hours, while for T. guianensis, E.crotonoides and P. heptaphyllum the most appropriate is to be realized within 24 hours.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-06T10:47:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 laura_araujo_garcia_santos.pdf: 2256828 bytes, checksum: c1830193f40ba15c0f686de05bafc34c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-06T10:48:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 laura_araujo_garcia_santos.pdf: 2256828 bytes, checksum: c1830193f40ba15c0f686de05bafc34c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-06T10:47:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 laura_araujo_garcia_santos.pdf: 2256828 bytes, checksum: c1830193f40ba15c0f686de05bafc34c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-06T10:48:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 laura_araujo_garcia_santos.pdf: 2256828 bytes, checksum: c1830193f40ba15c0f686de05bafc34c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-01-06T10:48:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 laura_araujo_garcia_santos.pdf: 2256828 bytes, checksum: c1830193f40ba15c0f686de05bafc34c (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a estrutura da comunidade arb?rea, diversidade, riqueza e fun??es ecol?gicas das esp?cies de um fragmento de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual. O estudo foi conduzido em uma ?rea de Reserva Legal pertencente ? empresa Anglo Ferrous Minas-Rio Minera??o S.A no munic?pio de Dom Joaquim (MG), nas coordenadas 19?00'09'' S e 43?11'38'' W e com altitude m?dia de 738m. O fragmento possui aproximadamente 105 ha e encontra-se disposto em encostas com declividades acentuadas, com pequenos cursos d??gua entre as mesmas.Foram observados sinais de impactos naturais causados pela alta intensidade dos ventos, que ocasionam quedas de ?rvores e aberturas do dossel. Para o invent?rio florestal foram alocadas trinta parcelas de 20 ? 20 m (400 m?) totalizando ?rea amostral de 1,2 hectare.Nestas foram amostrados todos os indiv?duos arb?reos com circunfer?ncia ? altura do peito (CAP) > 15,7 cm, exceto lianas e indiv?duos mortos. As esp?cies amostradas foram classificadas em quatro sistemas de guildas (dispers?o, poliniza??o, toler?ncia ? desseca??o e densidade da madeira). Foram mensurados 2056 indiv?duos distribu?dos em 156 esp?cies, 104 g?neros e 46 fam?lias.A distribui??o por classes diam?tricas dos indiv?duos da comunidade arb?rea obteve uma tend?ncia de J-invertido, comportamento esperado para florestas inequi?neas. Por?m, a an?lise para algumas esp?cies isoladas n?o possu?ram esse padr?o, fato este relacionado com a ecologia populacional de cada esp?cie ou com limita??es no recrutamento.Foi verificado um alto valor de H?, o que indica uma ?rea com diversidade relativamente alta e uma fraca domin?ncia ecol?gica de esp?cies verificada tanto pelo elevado valor de J? como pela reduzida porcentagem do somat?rio das dez principais esp?cies para todos par?metros fitossociol?gicos. No fragmento tamb?m foram levantadas esp?cies que est?o inseridas na lista das esp?cies amea?adas de extin??o do IBAMA, sendo estas Euterpe edulis, Zeyheria tuberculosa, Apuleia leiocarpa, Dalbergia nigra, Melanoxylon bra?na, Syagrus macrocarpa, Ocotea odorifera e Almeidea coerulea. Na guilda de dispers?o a ?nica s?ndrome considerada significativa foi a anemoc?rica (indiv?duos foram mais frequente que o esperado nos estratos intermedi?rio e superior), o que ocorreu devido nestes locais haver uma maior a??o do vento e aus?ncia de obst?culos. A s?ndrome de dispers?o zooc?rica, predominou em todos os estratos, por?m estatisticamente n?o houve diferen?as significativas. Este resultado parece estar fortemente relacionado ao habitat dos animais, j? que s?o nessas ?reas que a fauna encontram maior prote??o contra preda??o. Para poliniza??o tamb?m foi constatado uma domin?ncia de indiv?duos polinizados por animais em todos os estratos, por?m tamb?m sem diferen?as significativas. Esse predom?nio sugere a import?ncia do papel da fauna na garantia do fluxo g?nico. J? a guilda toler?ncia a desseca??o apresentou em todos os estratos analisados diferen?as significativas entre as categorias de toler?ncia, onde indiv?duos com sementes recalcitrantes foram mais frequente que o esperado nos estrato inferior e emergente, sugerindo que no fragmento ocorreu algum dist?rbio a m?dio prazo de tempo e que este se encontra em pleno processo de sucess?o secund?ria, j? que h? indiv?duos de sementes recalcitrantes (est?gio sucessional avan?ado) jovens que substituir?o os indiv?duos situados nos estratos superiores. Corroborando com a toler?ncia ? desseca??o, a densidade da madeira apresentou um predom?nio de indiv?duos madeira pesada (est?gio sucessional mais avan?ado) no estrato inferior, evidenciando mais uma vez a substitui??o de indiv?duos de est?gio sucessional intermedi?rio. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2013. / ABSTRACT This study aimed to know the structure of the tree community, the richness, diversity and ecological functions of the species in a Seasonal Semideciduous Forest fragment. The study was conducted in a Legal Reserve area belonging to the company Anglo Ferrous Minas-Rio Minera??o S.A. in the municipality of Don Joaquim (MG), at coordinates 19? 00'09'' S and 43? 11'38'' W and average altitude of 738 m. The fragment has approximately 105 ha and is arranged on slopes with steep slopes, with small streams between them. Signs of natural impacts caused by the high intensity of the winds, which cause falling trees and canopy openings were observed. For the forest inventory were allocated thirty plots of 20 ? 20 m (400 m?) of the total sampled area of 1.2 hectare. In these, were sampled all the trees with circumference at breast height (CBH) > 15.7 centimeters, except lianas and dead individuals. Sampled species were classified into four guilds systems (dispersal, pollination, desiccation tolerance and wood density). 2056 individuals were measured, distribuite in: 156 species 104 genus and 46 families. The distribution by diameter classes of individuals of the tree community, obteined a trend of inverted-J behavior, expected for uneven aged forest. However, the analysis of some isolated species did not possess this pattern, a fact related to the population ecology of each species or the limitations in recruitment. A high value of H' was found, which indicates an area with relatively high diversity and low ecological dominance of species, verified by the high value of J' and for the small percentage of the sum of the ten major species for all phytosociological parameters. In the fragment were collected species that are also included in the list of endangered species of IBAMA, such as Euterpe edulis, Zeyheria tuberculosa, Apuleia leiocarpa, Dalbergia nigra, Melanoxylon brauna, Syagrus macrocarpa, Ocotea odorifera and Almeidea coerulea. In the dispersion guild, the only syndrome that was considered significant was the anemocoric (individuals were more frequent than expected in the intermediate and superior stratas), which occurred because these sites have a higher wind action and absence of obstacles. The zoochoric dispersion syndrome, predominated in all stratas, but statistically there were no significant differences. This result appears to be strongly related to the habitat of the animals, since these are areas that the fauna found a greater protection against predation. For pollination, have been found the predominance of individuals pollinated by animals in all strata, but also without significant differences. This predominance suggests the importance of the role of fauna in ensuring the gene flow. The guild presented desiccation tolerance in all stratas analyzed significant differences between categories of tolerance, where individuals with recalcitrant seeds were more frequent than expected in emerging and inferior strata, suggesting that in the fragment occured some disturbance in the medium and long term that this is in the process of secondary succession, since there are individuals of young recalcitrant seeds (late successional state) that will replace individuals on the superior strata. Corroborating with desiccation tolerance, the wood density showed a prevalence of individuals with heavy wood (more advanced successional stage) in the lower stratum, showing once again the replacement of individuals of intermediate successional stage.