Kutoka elimu ya lugha tunajua kwamba kila mtu aliyenena ana ujuzi maalum - kama John Lyons alivyoeleza katika kitabu chake Language and Linguistics (1981), katika sura kuhusu lugha na utamaduni wa wasemaji. Lyons anatueleza kwamba kila mtu hushika ujuzi huo kwa njia ya kufunzwa lugha na huutumia ujuzi, huuongeza na huubadilisha kwa muda wa maisha yake yote; ni jinsi yake ya kujua mambo ya ulimwengu. Katika maelezo yafuatayo napenda kuonyesha ujuzi uliomo katika habari nilizopewa na kijana, jina lake ni Timothy Lawrence ambaye alikuwa na umri wa kumi na tatu siku zile. Ujuzi wake ni juu ya maisha yake ya kipokomo na pia ni ujuzi wa kumweleza mgeni mambo hayo - yaani ujuzi au uwezo wa kuzisimulia habari hizo. Habari zake zinatuonyesha vizuri simulizi ya maisha ya binafsi (au autobiographical narrative) ni nini, yenye ujuzi gani na jinsi gani ya kutazama maisha kwa macho ya mwenyeji kijana.

This thesis uses analytic philosophical inquiry and autobiographical narrative inquiry to identify a conception of critical thinking (CT) that is “most adaptable” for teaching History 12, and then discusses the strengths and limitations. The CT literature includes several conflicting conceptions of CT, and I use two specific types of analytic philosophical inquiry, (conceptual analysis and conceptual structure assessment), to identify which conception is “most adaptable” for teaching History 12. After considering the degree to which each conception meets the criteria developed for the “most adaptable” conception of CT, I conclude that the Critical Thinking Consortium’s (TC²) conception is the most adaptable. Of all the conceptions developed thus far, the TC² approach is unique because it is designed solely as a pedagogical model for embedding CT throughout the curriculum of each subject and grade level. In the second section of the thesis, I use autobiographical narrative inquiry to reflect on the strengths and limitations of the TC² model after using the model to teach History 12 for a year. One of the foundational principles of the TC² conception is the notion that embedding CT throughout the curriculum is a powerful way of improving understanding. I determine that this contention is accurate because students improved their knowledge of the curriculum, the epistemology of history, and the adoption of CT in their everyday lives. Furthermore, use of the TC² conception helped improve my planning and assessment practices, and initiated a positive change of my role in the classroom.

No description available.

L’imbrication de l’écriture et de la photographie sera examinée dans Les années, d’Annie Ernaux, de façon à montrer la tension au cœur du double désir de l’auteure de documenter des moments révolus et de les transmettre à autrui. Seront étudiées, d’un point de vue poétique et esthétique, la mise en œuvre des documents et les modalités d’inscription des souvenirs, lesquels sont généralement présentés sous forme d’images mémorielles. Nous verrons que ces images sont liées à un effet photographique, destiné au lecteur dans le but de partager une mémoire matérielle, intime et collective, s’étalant sur des années. Cet angle d’approche devrait permettre de relire Les années suivant une perspective critique nouvelle, et de contribuer aux recherches portant sur la narration, la trace et la mémoire dans la littérature contemporain. / The interweaving of writing and photography will be examined in Annie Ernaux’s Les années, showing the central tension of the author’s double desire to document past events and pass them on to others. The implement of documents and the engraving modes of memories are generally presented as mental images that will be studied here from a poetic and aesthetic point of view. We will see that those images are linked to a photographic effect, in order to share with the reader an intimate and collective material memory that spreads over many years. This approach would allow a rereading of Les années from a new critical perspective and a contribution to research about narrative, trace and memory in contemporary writing.

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / A presente pesquisa intitulada AdolescÃncia, risco e proteÃÃo: um estudo narrativista-dialÃgico sobre trajetÃrias de vida trata de um estudo interessado nas histÃrias de vida de adolescentes que vivem em situaÃÃes de vulnerabilidade social, a fim de perceber o que suas narrativas revelam sobre risco e como se processa a construÃÃo social dessas significaÃÃes. Para tanto, foram entrevistados, por meio da tÃcnica de entrevista narrativa auto-biogrÃfica, cinco adolescentes, alunos da Escola de DanÃa e IntegraÃÃo Social para CrianÃa e Adolescente â Edisca, organizaÃÃo nÃo-governamental, que trabalha com uma proposta educativa centralizada na arte, junto a crianÃas e adolescentes provenientes de Ãreas em desvantagem social da cidade de Fortaleza. Para fins de anÃlise, trabalhou-se com trÃs das cinco histÃrias autobiogrÃficas. Duas perspectivas teÃricas emolduraram a abordagem adotada com essa problemÃtica: a narrativista e a dialÃgica. A primeira amparada nos estudos interessados na natureza narrativa da experiÃncia humana, tendo como expoente o psicÃlogo Jerome Bruner. A segunda fundamentada nas elaboraÃÃes teÃricas de Mikhail Bakhtin a respeito dos processos de dialogismo, polifonia e alteridade. TambÃm contribuÃram teoricamente as reflexÃes da teoria do desenvolvimento humano RedSig sobre âcircunscritoresâ e âposicionamentoâ, assim como as elaboraÃÃes da psicologia positiva a respeito de risco, proteÃÃo e resiliÃncia. Independente do estatuto ontolÃgico dos eventos e circunstÃncias que apresentam perigo ou dano aos jovens, este trabalho evita fixar o significado de ârisco socialâ, investigando, por meios narrativos e numa perspectiva dialÃgica, como adolescentes compreendem o risco no seu cotidiano e como se podem interpretar tais significados em diÃlogo com os narradores e os textos acadÃmicos sobre a temÃtica. A partir das histÃrias de vida desses trÃs adolescentes, observou-se que cada um, ao seu modo, pÃde revelar suas significaÃÃes sobre risco e proteÃÃo social, sendo possÃvel, em alguns casos, uma aproximaÃÃo com o conceito de resiliÃncia. Nessas histÃrias, escutam-se sinalizaÃÃes sobre as trajetÃrias de outros jovens, prÃximas a eles, ambientadas em situaÃÃes de risco. Na co-construÃÃo das narrativas de vida, as famÃlias aparecem em destaque. A Edisca mostra-se como uma voz que ajuda a construir um desenvolvimento saudÃvel. à comum a expectativa de um futuro feliz. A pretensÃo desta pesquisa à contribuir com os diÃlogos acadÃmicos e sociais a respeito da adolescÃncia que vive em situaÃÃo de vulnerabilidade social, como tambÃm a respeito de risco e proteÃÃo social, rompendo com estigmas sobre o destino de adolescentes de determinadas condiÃÃes, entendendo-os como protagonistas de suas âhistÃrias de vida compartilhadasâ. AlÃm de subsidiar reflexÃes Ãs instituiÃÃes e aos profissionais, em especial aos psicÃlogos, que desenvolvem aÃÃes com adolescentes, a respeito de suas construÃÃes subjetivas. / This research entitled Adolescence, risk and protective: a study on dialogic narrativist-life trajectories it is a study interested in the life stories of teens who live in situations of social vulnerability in order to understand what their narratives reveal about risk and how it handles the social construction of these meanings. For both, were interviewed using the technique of auto-biographical narrative interview, three teenagers, students of the School of Dance and Social Integration for Children and Adolescents - EDISCA, non-governmental organization that works with an educational approach centered on art together children and adolescents from socially disadvantaged areas of the city of Fortaleza. Two theoretical perspectives framed the approach taken with this problem: the narrativist and dialogic. The first supported in studies interested in the narrative nature of human experience, with the exponent of the psychologist Jerome Bruner. The second grounded in theoretical elaborations of Mikhail Bakhtin concerning the processes of dialogism, polyphony and otherness. Theoretically also contributed to the reflections of human development theory RedSig on "constraints" and "positioning" as well as the elaboration of positive psychology on risk, protection and resilience. Independent ontological status of events and circumstances that present a danger or harm to young people, this work avoids fixing the meaning of "social risk" by investigating, by means of a narrative and dialogical perspective, how teens understand the risk in their daily lives and how they can interpret such meanings in dialogue with the narrators and the scholarly literature on the topic. From the life stories of three teenagers showed that each, in their way, might reveal their meanings about risk and social protection, if possible, in some cases, an approach to the concept of resilience. In these stories, listen to signals on the paths of other young people close to them, acclimated in risky situations. In the co-construction of life narratives, families appear highlighted. The EDISCA shows up as a voice that helps build a healthy development. It is a common expectation of a happy future. The intention of this research is to contribute to the academic and social dialogues about teenager living in socially vulnerable, but also about risk and social protection, breaking stigmas about the fate of adolescents with certain conditions, understanding them as protagonists of their "life stories shared." In addition to funding considerations to institutions and professionals, especially to psychologists, to develop actions with adolescents about their subjective constructions.

This thesis uses analytic philosophical inquiry and autobiographical narrative inquiry to identify a conception of critical thinking (CT) that is “most adaptable” for teaching History 12, and then discusses the strengths and limitations. The CT literature includes several conflicting conceptions of CT, and I use two specific types of analytic philosophical inquiry, (conceptual analysis and conceptual structure assessment), to identify which conception is “most adaptable” for teaching History 12. After considering the degree to which each conception meets the criteria developed for the “most adaptable” conception of CT, I conclude that the Critical Thinking Consortium’s (TC²) conception is the most adaptable. Of all the conceptions developed thus far, the TC² approach is unique because it is designed solely as a pedagogical model for embedding CT throughout the curriculum of each subject and grade level. In the second section of the thesis, I use autobiographical narrative inquiry to reflect on the strengths and limitations of the TC² model after using the model to teach History 12 for a year. One of the foundational principles of the TC² conception is the notion that embedding CT throughout the curriculum is a powerful way of improving understanding. I determine that this contention is accurate because students improved their knowledge of the curriculum, the epistemology of history, and the adoption of CT in their everyday lives. Furthermore, use of the TC² conception helped improve my planning and assessment practices, and initiated a positive change of my role in the classroom. / Education, Faculty of (Okanagan) / Graduate

BESSA, Letícia Leite. Adolescência, risco e proteção: um estudo narrativista-dialógico sobre trajetórias de vida. 2010. 133 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2010. / Submitted by moises gomes (celtinha_malvado@hotmail.com) on 2012-01-23T15:25:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_LLBessa.PDF: 1295060 bytes, checksum: f9675db891911ac11e05ce4d7699044b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-01-27T15:24:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_LLBessa.PDF: 1295060 bytes, checksum: f9675db891911ac11e05ce4d7699044b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-01-27T15:24:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_LLBessa.PDF: 1295060 bytes, checksum: f9675db891911ac11e05ce4d7699044b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / This research entitled Adolescence, risk and protective: a study on dialogic narrativist-life trajectories it is a study interested in the life stories of teens who live in situations of social vulnerability in order to understand what their narratives reveal about risk and how it handles the social construction of these meanings. For both, were interviewed using the technique of auto-biographical narrative interview, three teenagers, students of the School of Dance and Social Integration for Children and Adolescents - EDISCA, non-governmental organization that works with an educational approach centered on art together children and adolescents from socially disadvantaged areas of the city of Fortaleza. Two theoretical perspectives framed the approach taken with this problem: the narrativist and dialogic. The first supported in studies interested in the narrative nature of human experience, with the exponent of the psychologist Jerome Bruner. The second grounded in theoretical elaborations of Mikhail Bakhtin concerning the processes of dialogism, polyphony and otherness. Theoretically also contributed to the reflections of human development theory RedSig on "constraints" and "positioning" as well as the elaboration of positive psychology on risk, protection and resilience. Independent ontological status of events and circumstances that present a danger or harm to young people, this work avoids fixing the meaning of "social risk" by investigating, by means of a narrative and dialogical perspective, how teens understand the risk in their daily lives and how they can interpret such meanings in dialogue with the narrators and the scholarly literature on the topic. From the life stories of three teenagers showed that each, in their way, might reveal their meanings about risk and social protection, if possible, in some cases, an approach to the concept of resilience. In these stories, listen to signals on the paths of other young people close to them, acclimated in risky situations. In the co-construction of life narratives, families appear highlighted. The EDISCA shows up as a voice that helps build a healthy development. It is a common expectation of a happy future. The intention of this research is to contribute to the academic and social dialogues about teenager living in socially vulnerable, but also about risk and social protection, breaking stigmas about the fate of adolescents with certain conditions, understanding them as protagonists of their "life stories shared." In addition to funding considerations to institutions and professionals, especially to psychologists, to develop actions with adolescents about their subjective constructions. / A presente pesquisa intitulada Adolescência, risco e proteção: um estudo narrativista-dialógico sobre trajetórias de vida trata de um estudo interessado nas histórias de vida de adolescentes que vivem em situações de vulnerabilidade social, a fim de perceber o que suas narrativas revelam sobre risco e como se processa a construção social dessas significações. Para tanto, foram entrevistados, por meio da técnica de entrevista narrativa auto-biográfica, cinco adolescentes, alunos da Escola de Dança e Integração Social para Criança e Adolescente – Edisca, organização não-governamental, que trabalha com uma proposta educativa centralizada na arte, junto a crianças e adolescentes provenientes de áreas em desvantagem social da cidade de Fortaleza. Para fins de análise, trabalhou-se com três das cinco histórias autobiográficas. Duas perspectivas teóricas emolduraram a abordagem adotada com essa problemática: a narrativista e a dialógica. A primeira amparada nos estudos interessados na natureza narrativa da experiência humana, tendo como expoente o psicólogo Jerome Bruner. A segunda fundamentada nas elaborações teóricas de Mikhail Bakhtin a respeito dos processos de dialogismo, polifonia e alteridade. Também contribuíram teoricamente as reflexões da teoria do desenvolvimento humano RedSig sobre “circunscritores” e “posicionamento”, assim como as elaborações da psicologia positiva a respeito de risco, proteção e resiliência. Independente do estatuto ontológico dos eventos e circunstâncias que apresentam perigo ou dano aos jovens, este trabalho evita fixar o significado de “risco social”, investigando, por meios narrativos e numa perspectiva dialógica, como adolescentes compreendem o risco no seu cotidiano e como se podem interpretar tais significados em diálogo com os narradores e os textos acadêmicos sobre a temática. A partir das histórias de vida desses três adolescentes, observou-se que cada um, ao seu modo, pôde revelar suas significações sobre risco e proteção social, sendo possível, em alguns casos, uma aproximação com o conceito de resiliência. Nessas histórias, escutam-se sinalizações sobre as trajetórias de outros jovens, próximas a eles, ambientadas em situações de risco. Na co-construção das narrativas de vida, as famílias aparecem em destaque. A Edisca mostra-se como uma voz que ajuda a construir um desenvolvimento saudável. É comum a expectativa de um futuro feliz. A pretensão desta pesquisa é contribuir com os diálogos acadêmicos e sociais a respeito da adolescência que vive em situação de vulnerabilidade social, como também a respeito de risco e proteção social, rompendo com estigmas sobre o destino de adolescentes de determinadas condições, entendendo-os como protagonistas de suas “histórias de vida compartilhadas”. Além de subsidiar reflexões às instituições e aos profissionais, em especial aos psicólogos, que desenvolvem ações com adolescentes, a respeito de suas construções subjetivas.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeninaLSS_TESE.pdf: 2389924 bytes, checksum: be98cf3c8ee6fa1fe09ca9da91183afc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-30 / This thesis is a translation of work of the Brazilian doctor, Pedro da Silva Nava (1903-1984), in particular, his memoirs and chronicles, articulated with the writings of medicine history, aiming to defend that the autobiographical narratives are sources of research capable of promoting discussions on the expansion of the present at the confluence of complex and unequal society in constant changing process as the Brazilian. The theoretical and methodological support circulates around studies, proposals and thesis by Boaventura Santos about empowering past, destabilizing subjectivity, sociology of absences, cosmopolitan reason and translation work. The empirical support drawn from the literature produced by Nava were analyzed with reference this reasoning and studies that have facilitated the flow of translation among others, the studies of Antonio Candido, Arrigucci Jr., Boris Cyrulnik, Beatriz Sarlo, Ecl?a Bosi, ?talo Calvino, Jos? Willington Germano, Jos? Maria Can?ado, Lev Vygotsky, Marilena Chau?, Paul Ric?eur and Walter Benjamim, without neglecting what we consider indispensable to scientific research, the production of relevant knowledge and prudent, in view of a decent life. The initial inflections reflect the subject of the Memoirs and its education/training, to then place the Memoir subject in the literary context, scientific, historical and Brazilian poetic (1972-2010), bringing great interpreters and discussing the rationale used by the Narrator that we defend stand closer to the cosmopolitan, showing the formation of narratives whose presence insert itself beforehand to modernist verve, linked to the discursive array against the literature as domination space, disseminated in Brazil in the early twentieth century. So, it articulate with those in which the concerns adjust the construction of the social formation of Brazil as a national heritage through literary narrative that focuses on a historical principle that becomes the past empowering, allowing his rereading, whose converge to memory, the lifestyles, the plurality of language and Brazilian culture, formed by several people, converging into a design not of culture but multiculturalism in Brazil. The memory issue was addressed in the space-time of experiences of being that narrates, shaped by a destabilizing subjectivity that sought to order the testimony of a time, a history and society, retelling them by creative imagination, almost fictional, to make circulate his knowledge about Brazil attached to his medical knowledge, as well as other subjects in his living group and other groups with whom they maintained contact. Thus, he portrayed both tangible and intangible cultural assets of the country as a form of preservation, giving them meanings and sense. It approaches, therefore, from the perspective of sociology of absences, the expansion of the present and by the logic inherent in his narratives of self and Brazil / Consiste, este trabalho de tese, de uma tradu??o da obra do m?dico brasileiro, Pedro da Silva Nava (1903-1984), em particular, de seus escritos memorial?sticos e das cr?nicas, articulados com os de hist?ria da medicina, objetivando-se defender que as narrativas autobiogr?ficas s?o fontes de pesquisas capazes de promover discuss?es sobre a dilata??o do presente na conflu?ncia de uma sociedade desigual e complexa, em constante processo de mudan?a, como a brasileira. A fundamenta??o te?rica e metodol?gica circula no entorno dos estudos, propostas e teses de Boaventura Santos sobre passado capacitante, subjetividade desestabilizadora, sociologia das aus?ncias, raz?o cosmopolita e trabalho de tradu??o. As bases emp?ricas, extra?das da literatura produzida por Nava, foram analisadas tendo como referentes esta fundamenta??o e estudos que possibilitaram o fluir da tradu??o, entre outros, de Antonio Candido, Arrigucci Jr., Boris Cyrulnik, Beatriz Sarlo, Ecl?a Bosi, ?talo Calvino, Jos? Willington Germano, Jos? Maria Can?ado, Lev Vygotsky, Marilena Chau?, Paul Ric?eur e Walter Benjamim, sem descurar daquilo que consideramos imprescind?vel ? pesquisa cient?fica, ? produ??o de conhecimentos prudentes e pertinentes, na perspectiva de uma vida decente. As inflex?es iniciais traduzem o sujeito das Mem?rias e sua educa??o/forma??o, para, em seguida, situar as Mem?rias do sujeito no contexto liter?rio, cient?fico, hist?rico e po?tico brasileiro (1972-2010). Trazem seus principais int?rpretes, discutindo a racionalidade empregada pelo Narrador, que defendemos aproximar-se da cosmopolita, evidenciando a constitui??o de narrativas cujas presen?as inserem-se de antem?o ? verve modernista, vinculada ? matriz discursiva contr?ria ? literatura como espa?o de domina??o, disseminada no Brasil no in?cio do S?culo XX. Desse modo, articula-se ?quela na qual as preocupa??es conformam a constru??o da forma??o social do Brasil, como patrim?nio nacional, atrav?s da narrativa liter?ria com enfoque em um princ?pio hist?rico que torna o passado capacitante. Permite, assim, sua releitura, para cujas tramas convergem ? mem?ria, os modos de vida, a pluralidade da linguagem e da cultura brasileira, formada por v?rios povos, confluindo para uma concep??o, n?o de cultura, mas de multiculturalidade brasileira. A quest?o da mem?ria foi tratada no espa?otempo das experi?ncias do ser que narra, moldado por uma subjetividade desestabilizadora que buscou ordenar os testemunhos de um tempo, de uma hist?ria e de uma sociedade, recontando-os pela imagina??o criadora, quase ficcional, para fazer circular seus conhecimentos sobre o Brasil, unidos aos seus conhecimentos m?dicos, bem como aos de outros sujeitos de seu grupo de conviv?ncia e de outros grupos com os quais manteve contato. Assim, retratou bens culturais materiais e imateriais do pa?s como forma de preserva??o, atribuindo-lhes significados e sentidos. Aproxima-se, portanto, da perspectiva de sociologia das aus?ncias, pela dilata??o do presente e pelas l?gicas a ela inerentes em suas narrativas de si e do Brasil

Kutoka elimu ya lugha tunajua kwamba kila mtu aliyenena ana ujuzi maalum - kama John Lyons alivyoeleza katika kitabu chake Language and Linguistics (1981), katika sura kuhusu lugha na utamaduni wa wasemaji. Lyons anatueleza kwamba kila mtu hushika ujuzi huo kwa njia ya kufunzwa lugha na huutumia ujuzi, huuongeza na huubadilisha kwa muda wa maisha yake yote; ni jinsi yake ya kujua mambo ya ulimwengu. Katika maelezo yafuatayo napenda kuonyesha ujuzi uliomo katika habari nilizopewa na kijana, jina lake ni Timothy Lawrence ambaye alikuwa na umri wa kumi na tatu siku zile. Ujuzi wake ni juu ya maisha yake ya kipokomo na pia ni ujuzi wa kumweleza mgeni mambo hayo - yaani ujuzi au uwezo wa kuzisimulia habari hizo. Habari zake zinatuonyesha vizuri simulizi ya maisha ya binafsi (au autobiographical narrative) ni nini, yenye ujuzi gani na jinsi gani ya kutazama maisha kwa macho ya mwenyeji kijana.

No description available.