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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
191

Identificação de marcadores moleculares para células T reguladoras humanas com perfil CD4+CD25+ por phage display / Peptide phage display for the identification of novel molecular markers on human thymic regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells

Mundin, Georgia Sabio Porto 29 February 2008 (has links)
Há dados na literatura indicando que as células que saem do timo com o fenótipo CD4+CD25+ são desenvolvidas continuamente como uma linhagem independente e possuem um papel importante no processo de regulação da resposta imune. Essas células são chamadas células T reguladoras naturais. Várias questões sobre estas células permanecem em aberto, como por exemplo, como elas são geradas, o que é determinante na sua atividade reguladora e que marcadores específicos podem ser usados para identificá-las? Dentro deste contexto, o nosso objetivo neste trabalho foi identificar no timo e em timócitos CD4+/CD25+ humanos, novas moléculas potencialmente importantes no desenvolvimento e/ou na atividade supressora das células T reguladoras naturais. Para este objetivo, utilizamos a abordagem de phage display, com uma biblioteca de fagos de peptídeos, e timos humanos obtidos de pacientes portadores de cardiopatias congênitas, submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas realizadas no InCor. A busca dessas moléculas foi feita, separadamente, em 3 tipos de material biológico: timócitos totais, fragmento do tecido tímico e timócitos CD4+/CD25+. Antes da incubação da biblioteca de fagos com os timócitos totais e timócitos CD4+/CD25+ (separação em FACS), foi realizada uma etapa de preclearing, incubando-se a biblioteca de fagos com um pool de células mononucleares de sangue periférico (PBMC) ou timócitos CD4+/CD25-, respectivamente. Os fagos não ligantes, recuperados desta etapa, foram então incubados com as células de interesse. Para o tecido tímico não foi feita etapa de pre-clearing. Os fagos obtidos com os diferentes materiais biológicos foram recuperados em cultura de bactérias e usados em ciclos posteriores de seleção. Após três ciclos de seleção, os fagos foram seqüenciados e identificados quanto à expressão de peptídeos ligantes para timócitos totais, timo e timócitos CD4+/CD25+, e analisados em bancos de dados no BLAST. Os fagos selecionados para validação um ligante de tecido tímico: M2C e um ligante de timócitos CD4+/CD25+: R2A fazem similaridade a duas proteínas associadas ao metabolismo da Vitamina D3, molécula envolvida em imunorregulação e indução de tolerância, em diversos modelos experimentais. Porém, não há dados na literatura a respeito do seu papel em células T reg naturais. Na validação molecular desses fagos, apesar de certa variabilidade entre os diferentes ensaios, verificamos, por ELISA, que os fagos se ligam preferencialmente a 1,25 diidroxivitamina D3, forma ativa da Vitamina D3. Entretanto, nos ensaios de validação funcional, a influência da vitamina D na diferenciação dessas células não foi confirmada de forma consistente, uma vez que só tivemos aumento no número de células CD4+/CD25+, em cultura com Vitamina D, em poucos experimentos. As moléculas identificadas no presente estudo podem ter implicações relevantes no processo de diferenciação e na atividade de células T CD4+CD25+ reguladoras e serão mais investigadas na continuidade deste trabalho. / There are consistent data in literature indicating that thymic CD4+CD25+ cells play an important role in immune regulation and are continuously developed as an independent lineage in the thymus. These cells are known as natural regulatory T cells. Several questions about these cells remain unanswered, such as how they are generated, what is determinant in their regulatory function and which specific molecular markers can be used to identify them. Taking this into consideration, our aim was to identify new potentially important molecules in the development and/or supressive function of natural regulatory T cells, both in the thymus and in CD4+CD25+ thymocytes. For this, the phage display technique was employed, with a peptide phage library and thymic specimens obtained from children who underwent corrective cardiac surgery at the Heart Institute (InCor), in São Paulo. The search for these molecules was separately performed in 3 types of biological material: thymic tissue, thymocytes and CD4+CD25+ thymic cells. In the first stage, the phage peptide-library was incubated with a pool of PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells). After the incubation, phages bound to PBMC were discarded (pre-clearing). In the second stage, unbound phages were incubated with either total thymocytes or CD4+CD25+ thymic cells. The pre-clearing stage was not perfomed in the thymic tissue. The phages obtained with after incubation with the different biological materials were recovered in E. coli culture and used in additional cycles of selection. After three rounds of selection, the recovered phages from the total thymocytes, from thymic tissue and thymocytes CD4+CD25+ were sequenced and their ligands identified. Among the phages selected for validation one ligand of thymic tissue: M2C and one ligand of CD4+CD25+ thymocytes: R2A present similarity to two proteins associated to the metabolism of Vitamin D3, a molecule involved in imunoregulation and toelrance induction in several experimental models. However, there are no data in the literature concerning the possible role of this moelcule in natural regulatory T cells. In the molecular validation of theses phages, although some variability between the diffeterent assays we have verified by ELISA, that the phages present preferential binding to the 1,25 dhydroxyvitamin D3, the active form of Vitamin D3. However, in the functional validation assays, the influence of the Vitamin D3 in the differentiation of these cells could not be consistently confirmed since we could observe an increase in the number of CD4+CD25+ cells cultured with vitamin D in only a few experiments. The ligand-receptor molecules we have defined in this study may have relevant implications in the development of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in the thymus
192

Health and ill health in working women – balancing work and recovery

von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica January 2008 (has links)
Work conditions within the public health care sector are physically and psychosocially demanding. This means that balancing work with recovery is essential for employees in order to avoid ill health and stay healthy. This thesis is based on four studies. Study I investigated the prevalence of upper extremity disorders (UED) in female dental personnel. Results showed that 81% reported UED. Consequently, interventions aimed at reducing these risks were called for. Study II investigated the health-related effects of two work-place interventions, physical exercise (PE) and reduced working hours (RWH). Health-improvements were more consistent in the PE group, suggesting that PE may be an appropriate intervention to reduce health-risks. However, there were no effects on recovery from work or fatigue, which may result from other factors, such as overcommitment (OC), that prolong or sustain stress-related activity. Study III showed that high OC was associated with poorer next-day recovery and increased fatigue. Also, OC was a more important predictor of lack of recovery and fatigue than were psychosocial work characteristics. This highlights the importance of considering perseverative cognitions in relation to recovery from work and fatigue, and has implications for interventions targeting work-related ill health. Study IV related lack of recovery and fatigue to cumulative biological risk, allostatic load (AL), and to individual biomarkers. Women with a profile characterized by fatigue, sleep difficulties and lack of short-term recovery had a 2.9 increased risk of AL. This was not shown in analyses of individual biomarkers. In sum, this thesis shows that recovery from work is an important factor in relation to women’s work-related health. Fatigue and recovery should be considered interrelated but distinct concepts and recovery should be assessed as an early risk factor for stress-related disease with early risk being investigated using AL rather than individual biomarkers.
193

Aspects on clinical diagnosis of dementia, with focus on biological markers / Katarina Nägga.

Nägga, Katarina, January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
194

Nitric oxide : a surrogate marker of bowel inflammation /

Reinders, Claudia I., January 2005 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
195

Nitric oxide and evaluation of different treatments in experimental colitis and inflammatory bowel disease /

Lundberg, Sofie, January 2006 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
196

Survivin expression after traumatic brain injury potential roles in neuroprotection /

Johnson, Erik Andrew. January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Florida, 2004. / Typescript. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 87 pages. Includes Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
197

Avaliação de biomarcadores bioquímicos em cascudos (Pterygoplichthys anisitsi) expostos a óleo diesel e biodiesel

Felício, Andréia Arantes [UNESP] 31 August 2012 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-08-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:08:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 felicio_aa_me_sjrp.pdf: 1498649 bytes, checksum: 34a28588d5030bb4de185eccf70e6b9a (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Cada vez mais os níveis de contaminantes que são lançados no ambiente aumentam. Dentre os principais poluentes estão o petróleo e seus derivados, como o óleo diesel. Eles são motivo de muitas preocupações, já que apresentam grande persistência ambiental e são potencialmente mutagênicos e carcinogênicos. Além disso, o petróleo é uma forma de energia não renovável e assim, outras formas de energia renováveis vêm sendo pesquisadas, como é o caso do Biodiesel, que vem substituindo gradualmente o petróleo. Desde 2010 passou a ser obrigatória a venda em postos de combustíveis no Brasil, o óleo diesel B5, que apresenta 5% de biodiesel em sua composição. Porém, pouco se sabe sobre os efeitos deste biocombustível no ambiente. Assim, este trabalho visou verificar quais os efeitos das diferentes misturas do óleo diesel e biodiesel e o biodiesel puro (B5, B20 e B100) nos peixes Pterygoplichthys anisitsi às concentrações de 0,01 e 0,001 mL.L-1 de cada contaminante, pelos períodos de 15 e 30 dias. Após as exposições, amostras de fígado, brânquias, cérebro e sangue dos peixes foram retirados para as seguintes análises: 7-etoxi-resorufina-0-deetilase (EROD), glutationa S-transferase (GST), superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutationa peroxidase (GPx), níveis de malondialdeído (MDA), acetilcolinesterase (AChE), carboxilesterase (CbE), teste de micronúcleo (MN) e ensaio do cometa. Desta forma pudemos observar que o contaminante B100 0,001 mL.L-1 foi o que menos causou alterações nas atividades enzimáticas, sendo alteradas apenas a SOD e a CbE. Já o B5 0,001 mL.L-1 foi o que causou mais alterações nas atividades enzimáticas dos peixes, alterando a GST, SOD, CAT, GPx, os níveis de MDA e as quantidades de MN e AN (anormalidades nucleares), principalmente após 30 dias de exposição, sendo seguido... / Increasing levels of contaminants that are released into the environment have been increasing. Among the main pollutants, including petroleum and its derivatives, such as diesel oil is a major concern, since they are environmental persistent and potentially carcinogenic and mutagenic. Furthermore, oil is a non-renewable form of energy, so other forms of renewable energy have been investigated, such as Biodiesel, which is gradually replacing the oil. Since 2010, it is required to sell diesel B5, with 5% biodiesel in this composition at gas stations in Brazil. However, just a little is known about the effects of biofuel in the environment. This work aimed to verify that the effects of different blends of diesel and biodiesel and only biodiesel (B5, B20 and B100) in fish Pterygoplichthys anisitsi, in that concentrations, 0,01 and 0,001 mL.L -1 for each contaminant for 15 and 30 days. After exposure, samples of liver, gills, brain and blood were collected for the following analyzes: 7-ethoxy-resorufin-0-deetilase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT ), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CBE), micronucleus test (MN) and comet assay. Thus we found that that the contaminant B100 0,001 mL.L -1 was the one that has caused less changes in enzyme activity, changing only SOD and CbE. On the other hand, the B5 0,001 mL.L -1 caused more changes in enzyme activity of the fish, changing the GST, SOD, CAT, GPx, MDA levels and quantities of MN and AN (nuclear abnormalities), especially after 30 days of exposure, followed by B5 0,01 mL.L -1 and B20 0,001 mL.L -1 . The period of exposure that led to more changes was 15 days. These results allow us to conclude that even in mixtures, biodiesel and diesel fuel, even at low concentrations, can cause risks to aquatic biota
198

Utilizacao de liquens como bioindicadores de contaminacao atmosferica por radionuclideos naturais e metais em regiao impactada por tenorm / The use of lichens as bioindicators of atmospheric contamination by natural radionuclides and metals in a region impacted by tenorm

LEONARDO, LUCIO 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:27:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:00:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
199

Liberação de marcadores de necrose miocárdica após revascularização cirúrgica com circulação extracorpórea. Um estudo com ressonância nuclear magnética / Biomarker release after coronary artery bypass grafting without established myocardial infarction assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance with late gadolinium enhancement

Fernando Teiichi Costa Oikawa 22 August 2017 (has links)
Introdução: O diagnóstico infarto do miocárdio (IAM) Tipo 5 é bastante complexo, especialmente após o surgimento de ensaios com a troponina de alta sensibilidade. Objetivo: Mensurar a liberação de biomarcadores de necrose miocárdica após cirurgia de revascularização (RM) utilizando a circulação extracorpórea (CEC) na ausência de novo realce tardio pelo gadolínio (RTG). Métodos: Neste estudo, avaliamos pacientes com doença arterial coronária estável, multiarterial, função do ventrículo esquerdo preservada, biomarcadores cardíacos basais normais e indicação formal para a cirurgia de revascularização eletiva com CEC. Eletrocardiograma, coleta de amostras de sangue para a mensuração de troponina e CKMB, e ressonância magnética cardíaca (RMC) com realce tardio pelo gadolíneo (RTG) foram efetuadas antes e após o procedimento. O diagnóstico de IM foi definido como acima de 10 vezes o percentil 99 URL, para troponina e CK-MB, respectivamente, e novo RTG pela RMC. Resultados: De 75 pacientes selecionados para RM com CEC, 69 foram analisados; destes, 54 não apresentaram RTG (IAM tipo 5 na RMC). 39 pacientes eram do sexo masculino (72,2%), com idade média de 61,3 (±8,3) anos. A pontuação média do SYNTAX Score foi de 28 (±10). Após a cirurgia, 54 (100%) pacientes tiveram um pico de troponina acima do percentil 99; destes, em 52 (96%) este pico foi maior do que 10 vezes o percentil 99. Por outro lado, 54 (100%) pacientes alcançaram pico de CK-MB acima do limite do percentil 99 e em apenas 13 (24%) foi maior do que 10 vezes o percentil 99. A troponina apresentou mediana do pico de 3,15 (2,0 - 4,9) ng/mL, 78,75x superior ao percentil 99. Conclusão: Nesta amostra estudada, a CKMB, diferentemente da troponina, teve níveis de liberação dentro dos padrões recomendados pelas diretrizes e coincidiu com ausência de realce na RMC. Estes dados permitem sugerir um maior ponto de corte de troponina para o diagnóstico do IAM relacionado ao procedimento / Background: The diagnosis of periprocedural myocardial infarction is complex, especially after the emergence of high-sensitive markers of myocardial necrosis. Methods: In this prospective study, patients with stable multivessel coronary disease, preserved left ventricular function, normal baseline cardiac biomarkers, and formal indication for elective on-pump coronary bypass surgery (ONCAB) were evaluated. Electrocardiograms, cardiac biomarkers CKMB and troponin I (cTnI), and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with late gadolinium enhancement were performed before and after procedures. Myocardial infarction (MI) was defined as more than ten times the upper reference limit of the 99th percentile for cTnI and for CKMB and by the findings of new late gadolinium enhancement on CMR. We assessed the release of cardiac biomarkers in patients with no evidence of myocardial infarction on CMR. Results: From 75 patients referred to ONCAB, 69 were analyzed in this study. From these, 54 patients did not have evidence of MI on CMR. This group had 39 men (72.2%), mean age of 61.3 (± 8.3) years and a mean SYNTAX Score of 28 (± 10). After CABG, all 54 (100%) patients had a peak cTnI above the 99th percentile, and 52 (96%) had an elevation 10 times higher than the 99th percentile. Regarding CKMB, 54 (100%) patients had a peak CKMB above the 99th percentile limit, and only 13 (24%) had an elevation greater than 10 times the 99th percentile. The median value of cTnI peak was 3.15 (2.0 to 4.9) ng/mL. This represented 78.75 times the 99th percentile. Conclusion: In this sample, CKMB, unlike cTnI, had levels of release within the standards recommended by the guidelines and coincided with lack of enhancement in CMR. These data suggest a higher troponin cutoff point for the diagnosis of MI related to the procedure
200

"Valor preditivo da trombomodulina sérica em pacientes com claudicação intermitente e com isquemia crítica de membros inferiores" / Predictive value of the plasmatic levels of thrombomodulin in patients with intermittent claudication and critical ischemia in the lower limbs

Michel Nasser 28 March 2006 (has links)
A Trombomodulina é um marcador endotelial da doença aterosclerótica, e seu uso como preditor da doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP) deve ser comprovada. Avaliou-se 41 pacientes com claudicação intermitente e 40 com isquemia crítica. A Trombomodulina plasmática (TMp) foi quantificada em todos os pacientes, através de método imunoenzimático (ELISA). As hipóteses de normalidade e de homogeneidade de variância foram provadas, respectivamente, pelos testes de Shapiro-Wilk e de Levene. A comparação da TMp entre ambos os grupos foi realizada empregando-se o teste t de Student. A utilização de pacientes com Claudicação Intermitente e com Isquemia Crítica é interessante como modelo de estudo e deve ser empregado para avaliar diferentes marcadores de prognóstico da DAOP. Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante nos níveis de TMp nos grupos, não permitindo utilizar-se a TMp para avaliar o prognóstico da doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP) / Thrombomodulin (TM) is an endothelial marker of arterosclerotic disease and its use as a predictor of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) must be proven. Forty-one patients having intermittent claudication and forty having critical ischemia were evaluated. Plasmatic Thrombomodulin (TMp) was quantified in all patients using the immunoenzymatic method (ELISA). The hypotheses of normality and variance homogeneity were proven, respectively, using the Wilk-Shapiro and Levene Tests. The comparison of the TMp between both groups was carried out using the Student-T Test. The utilization of patients with Intermittent Claudication and Critical Ischemia is interesting as a study model and should be used to evaluate different prognostic markers of PAD. No statistically significant difference was observed in the TMp levels between the groups, thus not permitting the use of TMp to evaluate the prognostics of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)

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