Earlier studies have identified factors that could be a threat to an employee'swell-being, performance, and motivation during an organizational change.However, there is a lack of research on hierarchical management organizationsand a line-manager's part of how a change is delivered to employees. With theuse of self-determination theory as a basis, this study examined a top-manager'smotivation style towards their line-managers, in the context of anorganizational change, and whether the line-manager's basic psychologicalneeds are satisfied. The hypothesis for the present study expresses: A linemanager'slevel of satisfaction with its basic psychological is associated withits top-manager's motivation style orientation. The sample (N= 52) consists oftwo levels of management, top-managers, and line-managers, and this studyshows a between-subject effect, and a within-subject effect, where, based onmotivation style, the rating on experienced satisfaction and frustration aredifferent. The proposal for further research suggests taking all the differenthierarchical management levels into account during an organizational change. / Tidigare studier har identifierat faktorer som kan hota anställdasvälbefinnande, prestation och motivation under en organisationsförändring.Det saknas dock forskning inom organisationer med ett hierarkiskt ledarskapoch linjechefens roll i hur en förändring levereras till anställda. Med selfdeterminationtheory som grund undersöker denna studie en toppchefsmotivationsstil gentemot sina linjechefer, under en omorganisation, och ifallderas grundläggande psykologiska behov är uppfyllda. Hypotesen för denaktuella studien är följande: linjechefens upplevelse av att ha autonomi,samhörighet, och kompetens tillfredställt har en association med derastoppchefs motivationsstil. Urvalet (N= 52) består av två nivåer av ledning,toppchefer och linjechefer. Resultatet visar en effekt både mellan och inomgrupperna, där upplevd tillfredsställelse och frustration är olika baserat påmotivationsstil. Förslag till senare forskning föreslås att ta hänsyn till allanivåer i en hierarkisk ledning under en organisationsförändring.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Adolescent hookah pipe use is a public health concern because it poses several health, environmental, and economic risks. Self-determination theory (SDT) posits that people are motivated to engage in certain behaviours in an attempt to satisfy their basic psychological

The purpose of the present study was to assess the associations between academic commitment theory (operationalised as meaningful commitment) (Human-Vogel & Rabe, 2015), and self-determination theoretical constructs (operationalised through need support, need satisfaction, autonomous self-regulation and perceived competence) (Deci & Ryan, 2000) in predicting the academic achievement levels of South African Gr 11 and 12 learners. Data was collected on two occasions; participants initially completed a survey and I then obtained their average academic marks. Participants reported average to higher levels of measured constructs and responses on all measurements displayed a normal distribution. I used path analysis to test two hypothesised and several additional models. The results indicated that neither autonomous self-regulation nor meaningful commitment directly predicted academic achievement but that both constructs indirectly predicted academic achievement through basic psychological need satisfaction and perceived competence. Meaningful commitment, furthermore, predicted twice as much variance in need satisfaction as autonomous self-regulation, and was a significant predictor of autonomous motivation. The findings of this study provide some insight into the role of meaning in self-determination theory, as well the organising role of meaningful commitment in self-regulating behavioural choices. These findings may also help educators and policy makers to create learning environments in which learners’ need for meaning and self-determination is supported, so that they can achieve academic success. Methodologically, the present study contributes to the validation of the meaningfulness subscale and the application of self-determination theory instruments in a South African context. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Educational Psychology / PhD / Unrestricted

Teacher attrition, particularly in hard-to-staff urban schools, is a problem addressed by many researchers. Although this research often focuses on novice teachers, those with three or fewer years of experience, there is a growing body of literature that examines second stage teachers, those with between four and 20 years of experience. Like their novice colleagues, these second stage teachers are also at risk of leaving the profession, which can have negative consequences for students. While much of the research focuses on reasons why teachers leave the profession, there is a growing interest in understanding how teachers reach the decision to remain in the profession. Psychological theory and existing scholarship on the work lives of teachers provides one conceptual framework for exploring the topic of teacher retention. The theory of basic psychological needs explains that teachers, like employees in all other professions need to feel fulfillment of the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness in their professional lives. This contributes to their sense of job satisfaction, or enjoyment, which then makes it more likely for them to remain in the profession. One potential way to help second stage teachers meet these needs and experience job satisfaction is through teacher leadership roles, such as mentoring. The current exploratory study used qualitative methods to interview urban second stage teacher leaders to learn how their experiences fulfill their needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, lead to a sense of job satisfaction, and influence their decision to remain in the profession. The participants in this study all had between four and 20 years of experience and all served in a leadership role as a mentor to pre-service teachers through an urban teacher residency program. They shared details and experiences of their professional lives from their decisions to become teachers in the urban school district, through their novice stage of teaching, and into their second stage of teaching, including the decision to take on the complicated leadership role of serving as a mentor to a pre-service teacher through a yearlong residency program. The participants shared experiences which indicated fulfillment of the three basic needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. They also shared that they felt a sense of satisfaction both from their work as classroom teachers and their role as mentors. Although they experienced need fulfillment and job satisfaction, participants also shared sources of dissatisfaction, and many explained that they were contemplating leaving the profession, with some feeling that teaching is no longer a long-term career. One noteworthy finding is that participants expressed a desire for feeling like a professional, which played a large role in the career decisions they made.

<p><a>This</a> study aimed to investigate how the satisfaction and frustration of 776 undergraduate STEM majors’ basic psychological needs were related to their help seeking in a difficult course. It also identified the factor structures of adapted measures of academic help seeking and basic psychological needs. Factor analyses indicated that academic help seeking showed a 4-factor structure (adaptive, expedient, avoidant), with adaptive help seeking further distinguished based on the two sources (from the instructor/TA and from peers). Basic psychological needs exhibited an 8-factor structure, differentiated by whether each need (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) was satisfied or frustrated; relatedness satisfaction and frustration were also each differentiated by source (instructor/TA and peers). Psychological need satisfaction explained the data better than need frustration did in terms of both main effects and interaction effects. Interaction effects demonstrated that one psychological need was associated with academic help seeking through being moderated by another need or moderating a relation between another need and academic help seeking. Particularly, psychological need satisfaction showed some synergistic effects in that associations between one need satisfaction and academic help seeking were stronger when another need satisfaction was met. Implications for university educators, limitations, and directions for the future study were discussed. </p>

Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva och förstå hur lärare i företagsekonomi uppfattar elevers motivation och elevers motstånd till arbete med bokföringsprogram i undervisningen. Denna studie bygger på en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. De empiriska materialen har samlats in i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer av fem lärare i företagsekonomi, som använder bokföringsprogram i sin undervisning. Denna studie föreslår en sammanslagning av Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) och Basic Psychological Needs Theory (BPNT) i motivationen för att beskriva och förstå elevernas positiva eller negativa beteendemässiga intention till arbete med bokföringsprogram. Studien visar att lärare uppfattar att koppling till verkligheten, positiv återkoppling, tillgänglighet till bokföringsprogrammet och bokföringsprogrammets automatiska funktioner spelar en motiverande roll för eleverna i arbete med bokföringsprogrammet. Å andra sidan visar studien att lärare uppfattar att faktorer som svårigheter att komma igång med programmet, bristen på lärarnas digitala kompetens och elevernas svaga teoretiska kunskaper om bokföring utgör motståndsfaktorer för elever i arbetet. Utifrån studiens resultat kan slutsatser dras om att uppfylla elevers behov av autonomi, kompetens och samhörighet främjar upplevd nytta och upplevda användarvänlighet för bokföringsprogrammet, vilket leder till främjandet av inre motivation för arbete med det. Å andra sidan, minskning av elevers upplevda kompetens leder till att minska sin upplevda nytta och upplevda användarvänlighet för bokföringsprogrammet, vilket försvagar deras inre motivation för arbete med det.

Det finns många studier som handlar om digitalisering i den svenska skolan, särskilt i ämnet företagsekonomi. De flesta av dessa studier undersöker lärarnas perspektiv men elevernas erfarenheter ignoreras ofta. Några av dessa forskare har föreslagit att även undersöka elevernas perspektiv. Syftet med denna studie är att lyfta fram och förstå hur elever beskriver motivation och svårigheter i arbetet med bokföringsprogram i företagsekonomi. Denna studie grundar sig i en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. De empiriska materialen har samlats in i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med nio elever. Basic Psychological Needs Theory (BPNT) används för att analysera resultaten. Studien visar att koppling till framtiden, en önskan att använda modern teknik samt enkelhet är faktorer som motiverar eleverna att använda bokföringsprogram. De svårigheter de möter handlar om begränsat med tid till uppgifterna och för lite återkoppling från lärarna, vilket kan leda till att man inte riktigt förstår programmet samt behov av teoretiska kunskaper. Studiens resultat visar att läraren har en central roll när det gäller att uppfylla de grundläggande psykologiska behoven av autonomi, kompetens och samhörighet hos eleverna. Dessa behov förstärker elevernas önskan att lära och ger dem både självförtroende och nöje att använda bokföringsprogrammet, vilket i sin tur främjar inre motivation och fler färdigheter. Avsaknaden av ett av dessa tre behov riskerar att leda till att eleverna, när de möter svårigheter, kommer att bli avskräckta och mindre motiverade.

School music ensembles have the potential to provide a space where students can develop a strong sense of belonging and relatedness. A sense of belonging and relatedness has been shown to be an important factor in helping students avoid social isolation and its attendant issues of poor academic performance, lack of motivation, and behavioral problems. Particularly within a music education context, however, little is known about how fulfilling the need for belonging and relatedness might have a positive impact in the music classroom. In order to address this research gap, I used self-determination theory to test the hypothetical links among students’ perception of teacher support for relatedness, perceived relatedness satisfaction, general prosocial behavior, and music practice quantity and quality. I surveyed a sample of 749 high school band students about their perceptions of the band classroom and their band-related behaviors. Path analysis was then used to test the hypothetical model. As hypothesized, the findings of this study indicate a strong relationship between relatedness support and relatedness satisfaction. Results also show that relatedness support—through relatedness satisfaction—predicted certain general prosocial behaviors (compliant and public) and music practice quality. Also, relatedness need fulfillment was negatively associated with music practice quantity. These results indicate that teacher support for relatedness in band may play an important role in promoting other positive outcomes such as increased prosocial behavior and higher-quality music practice. This study also shows continued evidence for the viability of using self-determination theory to understand the motivational processes at work in the music classroom.

A major dilemma that is being addressed in the current project is the discrepancies between healthcare system's expectations for a rapid and successful rehabilitation process and patients after having a stroke ability to meet these expectations while striving to adapt to the calamitous event in their life. Emphasizing a more biomedical approach and under implementation of psychosocial approaches, poor acknowledging of patients' basic psychological needs lead to poor motivation, therapeutic disengagement and may lead to a rehabilitation failure. To cope with this gap in the process of stroke rehabilitation, an educational program aiming for occupational therapists working with patients after having a stroke in their acute and post-acute rehabilitation phases was constructed. The program guides practitioners for effective communication with their patients, building a needs-supportive environment and addressing their patients' basic psychological needs in light of the selfdetermination theory, theories of adaptation from occupational therapy perspectives and considering occupational justice and the ICF model. A clinical reasoning, step-by-step problem solving is introduced using adaptation of known models and innovated models for interventions that were created for this purpose. Program delivery through a series of 4-webinar modules is illustrated with their learning objectives, assignments and discussions. The program evaluation and implementation are expected to be the initiator of a change in the health and rehabilitation climate and in Israel.

The study’s purpose was to explore a team’s perception of transition within the clubexperienced by both players and coaches, investigate influences of the clubs transition onbasic needs satisfaction as perceived by players as well as coaches and lastly conduct a shortterm intervention aimed at facilitating players’ adaptation to the clubs transition. The study isbased on three theories: the Athletic Career Transitional Model, Self Determination theoryand the holistic ecological approach. The study’s participants all represented a club in thesouth of Sweden and consisted of a total of 23 players at the age of 15-17 (M= 15,96, SD=0,64), the club manager, coaches and parents. The study was a mixed method interventionstudy (questionnaire, semi-structured interviews and an intervention consisting of educationalsessions and an implementation phase).The study revealed that the club is still facilitating with remnants of its transition despiteover-looking it. The study found the targeted club to predominantly demand elite investmentfrom players, experience barriers regarding individual differences and communication withinthe club and resources in the form of popular, well-educated coaches. The clubs transition wasfound to influence all basic needs in some way, the change in management brought positivevalues with autonomy supportive measures and coaches. Increased elite investment anddeficient communication within the club also influenced basic needs. Results from theintervention are presented as well as implications with a basis in the theories used. / Studiens syfte var att undersöka ett lags uppfattning om hur klubbens övergång upplevs avbåde spelare och tränare, undersöka påverkan av klubbövergången på grundläggandepsykologiska behov som upplevs av spelare samt tränare och slutligen göra en kortsiktigintervention i syfte att underlätta spelares anpassning till klubbövergången. Studien baseras påtre teorier: the Athletic Career Transitional Model, Självbestämmande-teorin och detholistiska ekologiska synsättet. Studiens deltagare representerade en klubb i södra Sverige ochbestod av totalt 23 spelare åldern 15-17 (M = 15,96, SD = 0,64), klubbens manager, tränareoch föräldrar. Studien var en mixed method interventionsstudie (enkät, semi-struktureradeintervjuer och en intervention bestående av utbildningstillfällen samt en implementeringsfas).Resultatet visade att klubben fortfarande handskas med resterna av sin övergång trots att deförbiser det. Studien fann att klubben främst kräver elitsatsning från spelare, erfar hinder när detgäller individuella skillnader samt kommunikation inom klubben och resurser i form av omtyckta,välutbildade tränare. Dessutom fanns klubbövergången påverka alla grundläggande behov på någotsätt, förändringen i ledningen förde positiva värderingar med sig med autonomistödjande åtgärderoch tränare. Ökad elitsatsning påverkar och bristfällig kommunikation inom klubben påverkadeockså grundläggande behov. Resultat från interventionen samt implikationer med en grund i deteorier som används presenteras slutligen.