A seemingly unexplored territory in teaching computer programming is transcription labs. With transcription referring to "transcribe" in the sense of "to make an exact copy of". In transcription labs students are given the complete code and are asked to transcribe it into their own window before they are able to run it. This approach may be interesting as it forces students to engage with the material more than if they had been given a runnable program outright, while still providing a limited, and in some sense safe, learning environment. This project focuses on creating a web application for transcription labs to serve as a jump-off point into exploration of such labs.  Additionally, this thesis contains a preliminary study that aims at gauging if further exploration of transcription labs is worthwhile. The result of the preliminary study indicates that the answer to that question is yes, it is worthwhile exploring transcription labs further.

The early stage of piano students' training is one of the most important, because it is then that they establish their habits for life. Those who teach beginners need clear principles for developing a solid technical foundation and for preventing bad technical habits. One of the most difficult principles to inculcate in young students is that of tone production and quality. The primary purpose of this study is to provide a pedagogical guide to help piano teachers teach tone production to elementary-level students. To accomplish this purpose, the strategies of the twentieth-century pedagogues Josef Lhévinne, Josef Hofmann, and Heinrich Neuhaus are examined, and applied to the elementary-level piano literature. This study offers practical training suggestions to teachers of elementary piano students as well as musical examples from high-quality piano literature to accompany these suggestions.

The diploma thesis is aimed at the issue of stress load in beginner teachers and at the ways they cope with it. The theoretical part amasses and elaborates on the information available in literature and presents the results of research endeavours dealing with the topic. As a follow-up of the theoretical part, the research part constitutes the second major portion of the paper. It is carried out in the way of an explorative research which aims at the deeper examination of the topic, at providing both professional and non-professional persons with useful information, at the formulation of new hypotheses and at the directing of future research efforts in the right way. The aforementioned aim is identical with the aim of the entire thesis as well. Based on the aim, the research itself is divided into two constitutive parts, where each presents the reader with certain kinds of information. The first part uses descriptive statistics to summarize the data amassed by the quantitative method of a questionnaire survey, whereas the second part makes use of the methods of inferential statistics in order to analyse said data and draw a comparison of two different subsets of the sample involved. At the end of the diploma thesis, results of the research are presented and used to draw a conclusion about the topic,...

La pandémie de COVID-19 apporte son lot de défis à relever pour les nouvelles infirmières du Québec, dans un contexte déjà difficile pour elles. Le début de carrière étant particulièrement éprouvant, le préceptorat, qui facilite l’intégration des infirmières débutantes en les jumelant avec une collègue expérimentée en début d’emploi, a largement démontré son efficacité pour pallier le problème de rétention qui touche la relève infirmière. La pandémie de COVID-19 mérite cependant qu’on s’attarde au vécu de ces nouvelles infirmières, dans ce contexte particulier, étant donné les difficultés supplémentaires auxquelles elles doivent faire face, perturbant possiblement leur entrée dans la profession. Le but de cette étude est donc d’explorer les perceptions de nouvelles infirmières et candidates à l’exercice de la profession infirmière en médecine et en chirurgie au regard du préceptorat vécu durant la pandémie de COVID-19 dans un centre hospitalier universitaire du Québec. Pour cette étude qualitative, des entrevues semi-dirigées ont été menées auprès de sept nouvelles infirmières. Une analyse thématique a permis de mettre en lumière trois éléments qui seraient décisifs durant le préceptorat selon les nouvelles infirmières, soit la préceptrice, la structure du préceptorat et l’équipe de travail. Ces trois éléments peuvent faire une immense différence durant cette période cruciale, allant jusqu’à influencer la décision des nouvelles infirmières de poursuivre dans leur emploi ou non. Cette étude suggère la nécessité de considérer ces trois éléments au moment de planifier un programme de préceptorat, dont les modalités doivent être bien établies, claires et connues par les personnes concernées. Certaines caractéristiques sont à rechercher lors de la sélection des préceptrices, qui doit être faite de manière réfléchie, et l’impact d’une équipe accueillante et aidante ne devrait pas être négligé. / The COVID-19 pandemic brings an additional set of challenges facing new nurses in Quebec, in an already difficult context for them. Since the start of the career is particularly trying, the preceptorship, which facilitates the integration of novice nurses by pairing them with an experienced colleague at the start of their employment, has amply demonstrated its effectiveness in overcoming the retention problem among new nurses. However, more attention should be focused on the experience of these new nurses in this context of pandemic given the new difficulties that they have to face, possibly disrupting their entry into the profession. The aim of this study is therefore to explore the perceptions of new nurses and candidates to the profession of nursing in medicine and surgery units about the preceptorship experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic in a university hospital in Quebec. For this qualitative study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven new nurses. A thematic analysis brought out three decisive elements during preceptorship, for new nurses: the preceptor, the structure of the preceptorship and the work team. Those three elements can make a huge difference for nurses during this period, going as far as influencing their decision to continue in their job, or not. This study suggests the necessity to keep these concepts in mind when preparing a preceptorship program, its terms needing to be well established, clear, and made known to both the preceptor and the novice nurse. There are certain characteristics to look for when selecting preceptors, and this selection should be made with careful thought. Moreover, the importance of a welcoming and supportive team should not be overlooked.

I de gymnasieprogram där moderna språk ingår som ett obligatoriskt ämne kan elever antingen fortsätta med språket som de läste på grundskolan eller börja om med ett nytt språk på steg ett. Denna uppsats fokuserar på dessa elevers målsättningar, attityder och målorienteringar för språkinlärning utifrån perspektiven av självbestämmande teori och målorienteringsteori. Ett urval av gymnasieelever som läser moderna språk steg 1 på en gymnasieskola i Malmö fick besvara ett frågeformulär om deras motivation för språkkursen som de går. Resultaten visar att autonoma målsättningar samt en känsla av kompetens och samhörighet är nödvändiga för hög motivation. Urvalsgruppens målorientering visar däremot att även högmotiverade elever tenderar att uppvisa kontrollerade motivationsmönster vilket tyder på att moderna språk förblir, i många elevers ögon, ett skolämne snarare än en möjlighet att utvidga sina språkliga och kulturella horisonter. Det görs flera språkdidaktiska rekommendationer för att arbeta motivationsfrämjande med elever som läser moderna språk på steg 1 på gymnasiet. Det rekommenderas bland annat att skapa betydelsefulla kommunikationssituationer eller att arbeta strategiutvecklande för att öka elevernas självupplevda effektivitet och känsla av kompetens. / In high-school programs where a second language is included as a compulsory subject, students can either continue with the language they studied in middle school or start anew with a new language at level one. This paper focuses on these students' goals, attitudes, and goal orientations in relation to language acquisition from the perspectives of self-determination theory and goal orientation theory. A selection of high-school students studying a second language at a beginner level in a high school in Malmö answered a questionnaire about their motivation for the language course they were taking. The results show that autonomous goals, as well as a sense of competence and relatedness, are essential for high motivation. However, the goal orientation of the selected group indicates that even highly motivated students tend to exhibit controlled motivation patterns, suggesting that the second language remains, in the eyes of many students, a school subject rather than an opportunity to broaden their linguistic and cultural horizons. Several didactical recommendations are made to enhance students’ motivation when studying a second language at a beginner level in high school. This includes, among other things, creating meaningful communication situations or working to help students develop learning strategies that will enhance their self-efficacy and feeling of competence.

The study substantiates common strategies and theories regarding the teaching of sight-reading. The literature study done on sight-reading at the keyboard consists of opinions and recommendations resulting from empirical findings of well-known piano pedagogues. Seven beginner courses were analysed in order to assess their presentation of a well-structured development of piano sight-reading against the opinions and recommendations of well-known piano pedagogues and authors in this field as well as the personal experience of the researcher. During this process it was discovered that insufficient attention was paid to the development of the association between a note symbol and its corresponding key on the piano. However no attention was paid to the act of playing while reading ahead. The researcher compiled additional progressive exercises for the 7 to 9 year old beginner, to address the above-mentioned discrepancies. The exercises and their individual purposes are clearly explained with instructions regarding their performance. / Hierdie studie bevestig algemene strategieë en teorieë aangaande die ontwikkeling van vaardighede om musieknotasie te lees en te speel. Die literatuur wat in hierdie studie bestudeer is, handel oor opinies en aanbevelings van vooraanstaande klavierpedagoë wat voortspruit uit die resultate van hulle empiriese navorsing. Sewe aanvangskursusse is ontleed en die aktiwiteite en metodes waarvolgens vaardighede onderrig word om musieknotasie te leer lees en speel, is gemeet aan die aanbevelings van vooraanstaande klavierpedagoë, navorsers op die gebied, asook die navorser se eie ervaring met die boeke. Gedurende die studie is daar ontdek dat daar meesal nie aandag geskenk word aan die ontwikkeling van 'n assosiasie tussen 'n toonhoogtesimbool en ooreenstemmende klawer op die klavier nie en glad nie aan die proses van vooruitlees nie. Om hierdie tekortkominge te oorkom het die navorser 'n stel aanvullende en progressiewe oefeninge saamgestel wat maklik genoeg uitvoerbaar is vir die 7- tot 9-jarige beginner. Duidelike beskrywings van die oefeninge, elkeen se spesifieke doel, en aanwysings vir effektiewe uitvoering daarvan word verskaf. / Art History, Visual Arts & Music / M.A. (Musicology)

The thesis is concerned with methodological specifics of beginner piano teaching of students at different age levels. It attempts to give a complex view of its various aspects. The thesis is subdivided into several chapters, drawing on available psychological and methodological literature, piano course books and a questionnaire survey. The first chapter focuses on a beginner piano learner as an individual undergoing a particular stage of psychological development. It explores learners' general as well as music- specific characteristics and links these characteristics to piano playing. In addition, it describes motivational tendencies prevailing at different development stages, and other factors which can substantially influence the learning process, but have not hitherto been discussed with respect to piano teaching in greater detail although a pedagogue can more easily deal with potential problems that may arise at beginner levels when thoroughly informed. It namely discusses learning and teaching styles, hindrances to learning and learning disabilities. The second chapter is devoted to methodological specifics of teaching learners of different age groups. The third chapter then expands on the subject of beginner piano teaching specifics, comparing techniques used in beginner piano books aimed at various...

The study substantiates common strategies and theories regarding the teaching of sight-reading. The literature study done on sight-reading at the keyboard consists of opinions and recommendations resulting from empirical findings of well-known piano pedagogues. Seven beginner courses were analysed in order to assess their presentation of a well-structured development of piano sight-reading against the opinions and recommendations of well-known piano pedagogues and authors in this field as well as the personal experience of the researcher. During this process it was discovered that insufficient attention was paid to the development of the association between a note symbol and its corresponding key on the piano. However no attention was paid to the act of playing while reading ahead. The researcher compiled additional progressive exercises for the 7 to 9 year old beginner, to address the above-mentioned discrepancies. The exercises and their individual purposes are clearly explained with instructions regarding their performance. / Hierdie studie bevestig algemene strategieë en teorieë aangaande die ontwikkeling van vaardighede om musieknotasie te lees en te speel. Die literatuur wat in hierdie studie bestudeer is, handel oor opinies en aanbevelings van vooraanstaande klavierpedagoë wat voortspruit uit die resultate van hulle empiriese navorsing. Sewe aanvangskursusse is ontleed en die aktiwiteite en metodes waarvolgens vaardighede onderrig word om musieknotasie te leer lees en speel, is gemeet aan die aanbevelings van vooraanstaande klavierpedagoë, navorsers op die gebied, asook die navorser se eie ervaring met die boeke. Gedurende die studie is daar ontdek dat daar meesal nie aandag geskenk word aan die ontwikkeling van 'n assosiasie tussen 'n toonhoogtesimbool en ooreenstemmende klawer op die klavier nie en glad nie aan die proses van vooruitlees nie. Om hierdie tekortkominge te oorkom het die navorser 'n stel aanvullende en progressiewe oefeninge saamgestel wat maklik genoeg uitvoerbaar is vir die 7- tot 9-jarige beginner. Duidelike beskrywings van die oefeninge, elkeen se spesifieke doel, en aanwysings vir effektiewe uitvoering daarvan word verskaf. / Art History, Visual Arts and Music / M.A. (Musicology)

This study focuses on the contribution of induction programmes to the teaching potential of beginner teachers at primary schools in the Ilembe District. Based on convenience in terms of accessibility and purposeful sampling, four primary schools were selected with eight novice teachers (two from each selected school) and four members of the school management team (one from each selected school) acting as participants. Using individual interviewing, beginner teachers and members of school management teams narrated their perceptions on the value of induction programmes for beginner teachers in order to improve beginner teachers’ teaching competency. Findings revealed that none of the sampled schools had a formalised induction programme offered to beginner teachers. Beginner teachers felt overwhelmed and challenged with real classroom situations whereas members of the school management teams acknowledged the need for beginner teachers to be capacitated with hands-on knowledge and skills to teach effectively within the specific classroom context. / Educational Management and Leadership / M. Ed. (Educational management and Leadership)

This study focuses on the induction of novice teachers in Community Junior Secondary Schools (CJSS) in Gaborone, Botswana. The point of departure is that induction is an important factor that is essential to the success of every beginner teacher. It is the responsibility of the school management to provide comprehensive induction programmes that will support beginner teachers and retain them in the teaching profession. This problem was investigated by means of a literature study and an empirical investigation using a qualitative approach. A small sample of beginner teachers in six selected schools in Gaborone formed the sample for this study. Findings indicated that the extent to which novice teachers are given professional guidance and support in schools is not enough. It is recommended that induction programmes receive more priority in schools since the first year of teaching is the most important determiner in the teaching career of an individual. / Education management / M.Ed. (Education Management)