No description available.

Introduktion: Beteendemässiga och psykiska symptom (BPSD) är vanligt förekommande hos personer med Alzheimers sjukdom. Det påverkar den enskilde, närstående och vårdgivare negativt. Läkemedelsbehandling ska inte ses som ett förstahandsalternativ utan fokus ska istället ligga på omvårdnadsinterventioner. Syftet var att beskriva omvårdnadsinterventioner som kan lindra beteendemässiga och psykiska symptom hos personer med Alzheimers sjukdom. Metoden var litteraturstudie där tio artiklar inkluderades efter kritisk granskning. Artiklarnas innehåll analyserades och sex kategorier med omvårdnadsinterventioner bildades: musikterapi, fysisk aktivitet, ljusterapi, kognitiv rehabilitering, terapeutiska samtal samt djurterapi. Resultatet visade att det fanns omvårdnadsinterventioner som påverkade BPSD för stunden men inget som varade över tid. Slutsats: Studien visar att det finns begränsat med forskning där omvårdnadsinterventioner ger god effekt på BPSD hos personer med Alzheimers sjukdom. / Introduction: Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) are common in people with Alzheimer’s disease. This affects the individual, family members and caregivers adversely. Drug treatment should not be seen as a first choice, but the focus should instead be on nursing interventions. The aim was to describe nursing interventions that can alleviate behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with Alzheimer's disease. The method was a literature review in which ten articles after critical review were included. The contents of the articles were analyzed and six categories of nursing interventions were formed: music therapy, physical activity, light therapy, cognitive rehabilitation, therapeutic conversation and animal assisted activity. The results showed that there were nursing interventions that affected BPSD for the moment but nothing that lasted over time. Conclusion: The study shows that there is limited research in which nursing interventions gives good effect on BPSD in people with Alzheimer's disease.

Dementia is a concept that describes different conditions when memory and cognitive abilities degenerate. Approximately 140 000 persons in Sweden suffers from some kind of dementia. Many are stricken with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, BPSD. The aim of this study was to illuminate nursing staff’s experiences of caring for persons suffering from dementia and BPSD within municipal and institutional care. Four nurses, five assistant nurses and two nursing auxiliary participated in the study. Data were collected using a qualitative design via semi-structured interviews and were analyzed with content analysis and resulted in three categories: ” The experience of satisfaction and safety in the work; ”The experience of insecurity and insufficiency”; ”The experience of strength in work experience and skills”. The results showed that the staff feels secure with colleagues and with the way the group works when caring for persons suffering from dementia and BPSD. They feel a satisfaction in solving and managing with BPSD in a good way and are confident in interpreting the patient and understand the importance of appearance when caring for persons with dementia and BPSD. At the same time they have a wish and a need for supervision and education. They are of the opinion that the lack of resources, mainly too little staff, creates more situations with BPSD. In these situations they feel exposed. The results in the study are important knowledge and can be used by nurses, head of department and other job types in leading roles with the aim to increase understanding for and improve the working situation for nursing staff in the care of persons with dementia and BPSD, and within development work in dementia care.

Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 2005. / Vita. Bibliography: 108-115.

Bakgrund: I Sverige kommer antalet personer med demenssjukdom att öka och nästan 25 000 personer dör varje år till följd av sjukdomen. I samband med demenssjukdom kan beteendemässiga och psykiska symtom (BPSD) uppträda. Musik och musikterapi anses ha positiva effekter som kan bidra till att lindra oro och kan erbjudas i samband med olika behandlingar inom vården. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa musikens och musikterapins effekter hos patienter med beteendemässiga och psykiska symtom vid demens. Metod: Studien är en litteraturöversikt baserad på tio vetenskapliga artiklar, nio av kvantitativ design och en kvalitativ. Dessa hittades genom sökningar i två databaser, PubMed och PsycINFO och begränsades till publikationer mellan 2011–2018. Resultat: Resultatet sammanfattades i två teman: effekter av musik och musikterapi i grupp vid BPSD och effekter av individuell musik och musikterapi vid BPSD. Resultatet visade att individuell musik och musikterapi i grupp minskar BPSD, exempelvis vid oro och agitation. Även välbefinnandet förbättrades hos personer med demenssjukdom samt kommunikation och relation mellan patient och vårdare. Diskussion: Det övergripande resultatet i litteraturöversikten tyder på att musik och musikterapi är en metod som kan minska beteendestörningar och visar på positiva effekter under BPSD. Detta arbetssätt behövs uppmärksammas för att ge stöd åt vårdarna som idag arbetar med dessa patienter. Studiens resultat diskuteras av författarna utifrån Jeans Watsons två valda karativa omvårdnadsfaktorer i resultatdiskussionen. Watson betonar vikten av att tillfredsställa individens fysiska, psykosociala, psykologiska och andliga behov ur en holistisk helhetssyn. / Background: In Sweden, the number of people with dementia will increase and nearly 25,000 people are dying each year because of the disease. In connection with dementia, behavioural and mental symptoms (BPSD) may occur. Music is considered to have positive effects that can help relieve anxiety and can be offered in conjunction with various treatments in healthcare. Aim: The aim was to illustrate the effects of music and music therapy in patients with behavioural and mental symptoms in dementia. Method: The study is a literature review based on ten scientific articles, nine of quantitative design and one qualitative. These were found through searches in two different databases, PubMed and PsycINFO and is limited to publications between 2011-2018. Results: The result was summarized in two themes: effects of music and music therapy in group at BPSD and effects of individual music and music therapy at BPSD. The results showed that individual or group music and music therapy reduces BPSD for example, in anxiety and agitation. Well-being improved in people with dementia as well as communication and relationship between the patient and carers. Discussion: The overall outcome of the literature review suggests that music and music therapy is a method that can reduce behavioural disturbances and show positive effects under BPSD. This work method is needed to pay attention to the careers who are currently working with these patients. The result of the study is discussed by the authors based on Jeans Watson's two chosen charitable factors in the outcome discussion. Watson emphasizes the importance of satisfying the individual's physical, psychosocial, psychological and spiritual needs from a holistic view.

No description available.

A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é a demência mais prevalente entre os idosos, com manifestações como alterações cognitivas, comportamentais e funcionais. A presença de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos é frequente na demência e pode resultar em sofrimento para os pacientes e seus familiares, além de ocasionar sobrecarga para quem cuida. É comum o idoso apresentar DA associada à demência vascular, caracterizando a demência mista (DM). Assim, o objetivo geral deste estudo foi: analisar a relação entre a sobrecarga do cuidador familiar, o desempenho funcional e a presença de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos em idosos com diagnóstico médico de DA ou DM, atendidos em um Ambulatório de Geriatria e Demências de um Hospital Geral Terciário. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, não experimental, descritivo, transversal e exploratório, realizado com 96 idosos com DA ou DM e seus respectivos cuidadores familiares. Para a coleta de dados, utilizaram-se um questionário para caracterização dos idosos e de seus cuidadores, o Índice de Katz, a Escala de Lawton e Brody, o Inventário Neuropsiquiátrico (NPI) e a Escala de Sobrecarga do Cuidador. Quanto aos idosos, 68,7% eram mulheres, média de idade 80,8 anos, 50,0%, viúvos(as), 82,3%, aposentados; 56,2% com diagnóstico de DA e 43,7%, com DM; 43,7%, com CDR1 (demência leve). No desempenho para as atividades básicas de vida diária (ABVDs), 70,8% eram dependentes para uma ou mais funções e 29,2% independentes; nas atividades instrumentais de vida diária (AIVDs), 74,0% apresentaram dependência parcial. Houve associação entre os estágios da demência e o desempenho dos idosos para as ABVDs (p<0,01) e as AIVDs (p<0,01), evidenciando que quanto maior a gravidade da demência maior a dependência dos idosos. Quanto aos cuidadores, 90,6% eram mulheres, média de idade de 56 anos, 65,6%, casados(as); 79,2%, cuidadores primários, 70,8% cuidavam do pai/mãe e 64,6% moravam com o idoso. Os sintomas neuropsiquiátricos mais prevalentes entre os idosos foram apatia/indiferença (63,5%), disforia/depressão (59,4%), agitação/agressividade (50,0%) e comportamento motor aberrante (50,0%), com média de 5,0 por idoso. Identificou-se forte correlação (r=0,82) entre o escore total do NPI e o escore total do Inventário Neuropsiquiátrico Desgaste (NPI-D), ou seja, quanto maiores a frequência e a gravidade dos sintomas neuropsiquiátricos apresentados pelos idosos maior é o desgaste do cuidador (p<0,01) e forte correlação (r=0,80) entre o escore total do NPI-D e o número de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos, o que indica que quanto maior o número de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos maior é o desgaste do cuidador (p<0,01). A média de sobrecarga dos cuidadores foi de 25,2 pontos, e 48,9% deles apresentaram sobrecarga pequena. Evidenciaram-se maiores médias de sobrecarga para os que cuidavam de idosos com dependência para as ABVDs (27,2) p=0,04 e para os totalmente dependentes para as AIVDs (31,4), p=0,03. Houve moderada correlação (r=0,53) entre o escore total do NPI e o escore total na escala de sobrecarga do cuidador, mostrando que quanto maior a frequência e a gravidade dos sintomas neuropsiquiátricos maior é a sobrecarga do cuidador (p<0,01). Conhecer a relação entre as variáveis estudadas poderá subsidiar o planejamento da assistência aos idosos com demência e aos seus cuidadores familiares / Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) is the most prevalent dementia among elderly individuals with cognitive, behavioral and functional alterations. The presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in dementia and may cause distress in patients and their families and overload caregivers. It is common individuals to present AD associated with vascular dementia, characterizing mixed dementia (MD). Therefore, this study\'s general objective was: to analyze the relationship between family caregiver overload and the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms and the functional performance of elderly individuals with a medical diagnosis of AD or MD cared for in an Outpatient clinic of Geriatrics and Dementia of a Tertiary General Hospital. This non-experimental, qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and exploratory study was conducted with 96 elderly individuals with either AD or MD and their respective family caregivers. A questionnaire was used to characterize the participants and their caregivers together with Katz Index, Lawton and Brody Scale, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and the Caregiver Strain Index to collect data. A total of 68.7% of the elderly individuals were women, aged 80.8 years old on average, 50.0% were widowed, 82.3% were retired, 56.2% were diagnosed with AD and 43.7% with MD, while 43.7% presented CDR1 (mild dementia). In regard to basic activities of daily living (BADL), 70.8% depended on assistance to perform one or more tasks while 29.2% were independent. In regard to instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), 74.0% presented partial dependency. Association was found between the stage of dementia and the performance of BADL (p<0.01) and IADL (p<0.01) showing that the more severe the dementia, the greater the dependence of elderly individuals. In regard to caregivers, 90.6% were women, 56 years old on average, 65.6% were married, 79.2% were the primary caregivers, 70.8% cared for the father/mother, and 64.6% lived together with the elderly individual. The most prevalent neuropsychiatric symptoms among elderly individuals included apathy/indifference (63.5%), disphoria/depression (59.4%), agitation/aggressiveness (50.0%), and aberrant motor behavior (50.0%), with a mean of 5.0 per elderly individual. Strong correlation was identified (r=0.82) between the NPI total score and the total score obtained Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Distress (NPI-D), that is, the more frequent and severe the neuropsychiatric symptoms presented by the elderly individual, the higher the caregiver\'s distress (p<0.01). Strong correlation (r=0.80) was also found between the NPI-D total score and the number of neuropsychiatric symptoms indicating that that the higher the number of neuropsychiatric symptoms, the higher the caregiver distress (p<0.01). The average distress among caregivers was 25.2 points and 48.9% of them presented mild distress. Higher means of overload were found among those providing care to individuals requiring assistance to perform BADL (27.2) p=0.04 and for those totally depend on IADL (31.4), p=0.03. Moderate correlation was found (r=0.53) between the NPI total score and the total score obtained in the caregiver strain scale showing that the more frequent the neuropsychiatric symptoms, the higher the caregiver overload (p<0.01). Identifying the relationship among the studied variables can support the planning of care delivery to elderly individuals with dementia and their family caregivers

A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é a demência mais prevalente entre os idosos, com manifestações como alterações cognitivas, comportamentais e funcionais. A presença de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos é frequente na demência e pode resultar em sofrimento para os pacientes e seus familiares, além de ocasionar sobrecarga para quem cuida. É comum o idoso apresentar DA associada à demência vascular, caracterizando a demência mista (DM). Assim, o objetivo geral deste estudo foi: analisar a relação entre a sobrecarga do cuidador familiar, o desempenho funcional e a presença de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos em idosos com diagnóstico médico de DA ou DM, atendidos em um Ambulatório de Geriatria e Demências de um Hospital Geral Terciário. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, não experimental, descritivo, transversal e exploratório, realizado com 96 idosos com DA ou DM e seus respectivos cuidadores familiares. Para a coleta de dados, utilizaram-se um questionário para caracterização dos idosos e de seus cuidadores, o Índice de Katz, a Escala de Lawton e Brody, o Inventário Neuropsiquiátrico (NPI) e a Escala de Sobrecarga do Cuidador. Quanto aos idosos, 68,7% eram mulheres, média de idade 80,8 anos, 50,0%, viúvos(as), 82,3%, aposentados; 56,2% com diagnóstico de DA e 43,7%, com DM; 43,7%, com CDR1 (demência leve). No desempenho para as atividades básicas de vida diária (ABVDs), 70,8% eram dependentes para uma ou mais funções e 29,2% independentes; nas atividades instrumentais de vida diária (AIVDs), 74,0% apresentaram dependência parcial. Houve associação entre os estágios da demência e o desempenho dos idosos para as ABVDs (p<0,01) e as AIVDs (p<0,01), evidenciando que quanto maior a gravidade da demência maior a dependência dos idosos. Quanto aos cuidadores, 90,6% eram mulheres, média de idade de 56 anos, 65,6%, casados(as); 79,2%, cuidadores primários, 70,8% cuidavam do pai/mãe e 64,6% moravam com o idoso. Os sintomas neuropsiquiátricos mais prevalentes entre os idosos foram apatia/indiferença (63,5%), disforia/depressão (59,4%), agitação/agressividade (50,0%) e comportamento motor aberrante (50,0%), com média de 5,0 por idoso. Identificou-se forte correlação (r=0,82) entre o escore total do NPI e o escore total do Inventário Neuropsiquiátrico Desgaste (NPI-D), ou seja, quanto maiores a frequência e a gravidade dos sintomas neuropsiquiátricos apresentados pelos idosos maior é o desgaste do cuidador (p<0,01) e forte correlação (r=0,80) entre o escore total do NPI-D e o número de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos, o que indica que quanto maior o número de sintomas neuropsiquiátricos maior é o desgaste do cuidador (p<0,01). A média de sobrecarga dos cuidadores foi de 25,2 pontos, e 48,9% deles apresentaram sobrecarga pequena. Evidenciaram-se maiores médias de sobrecarga para os que cuidavam de idosos com dependência para as ABVDs (27,2) p=0,04 e para os totalmente dependentes para as AIVDs (31,4), p=0,03. Houve moderada correlação (r=0,53) entre o escore total do NPI e o escore total na escala de sobrecarga do cuidador, mostrando que quanto maior a frequência e a gravidade dos sintomas neuropsiquiátricos maior é a sobrecarga do cuidador (p<0,01). Conhecer a relação entre as variáveis estudadas poderá subsidiar o planejamento da assistência aos idosos com demência e aos seus cuidadores familiares / Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) is the most prevalent dementia among elderly individuals with cognitive, behavioral and functional alterations. The presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms are common in dementia and may cause distress in patients and their families and overload caregivers. It is common individuals to present AD associated with vascular dementia, characterizing mixed dementia (MD). Therefore, this study\'s general objective was: to analyze the relationship between family caregiver overload and the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms and the functional performance of elderly individuals with a medical diagnosis of AD or MD cared for in an Outpatient clinic of Geriatrics and Dementia of a Tertiary General Hospital. This non-experimental, qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and exploratory study was conducted with 96 elderly individuals with either AD or MD and their respective family caregivers. A questionnaire was used to characterize the participants and their caregivers together with Katz Index, Lawton and Brody Scale, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and the Caregiver Strain Index to collect data. A total of 68.7% of the elderly individuals were women, aged 80.8 years old on average, 50.0% were widowed, 82.3% were retired, 56.2% were diagnosed with AD and 43.7% with MD, while 43.7% presented CDR1 (mild dementia). In regard to basic activities of daily living (BADL), 70.8% depended on assistance to perform one or more tasks while 29.2% were independent. In regard to instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), 74.0% presented partial dependency. Association was found between the stage of dementia and the performance of BADL (p<0.01) and IADL (p<0.01) showing that the more severe the dementia, the greater the dependence of elderly individuals. In regard to caregivers, 90.6% were women, 56 years old on average, 65.6% were married, 79.2% were the primary caregivers, 70.8% cared for the father/mother, and 64.6% lived together with the elderly individual. The most prevalent neuropsychiatric symptoms among elderly individuals included apathy/indifference (63.5%), disphoria/depression (59.4%), agitation/aggressiveness (50.0%), and aberrant motor behavior (50.0%), with a mean of 5.0 per elderly individual. Strong correlation was identified (r=0.82) between the NPI total score and the total score obtained Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Distress (NPI-D), that is, the more frequent and severe the neuropsychiatric symptoms presented by the elderly individual, the higher the caregiver\'s distress (p<0.01). Strong correlation (r=0.80) was also found between the NPI-D total score and the number of neuropsychiatric symptoms indicating that that the higher the number of neuropsychiatric symptoms, the higher the caregiver distress (p<0.01). The average distress among caregivers was 25.2 points and 48.9% of them presented mild distress. Higher means of overload were found among those providing care to individuals requiring assistance to perform BADL (27.2) p=0.04 and for those totally depend on IADL (31.4), p=0.03. Moderate correlation was found (r=0.53) between the NPI total score and the total score obtained in the caregiver strain scale showing that the more frequent the neuropsychiatric symptoms, the higher the caregiver overload (p<0.01). Identifying the relationship among the studied variables can support the planning of care delivery to elderly individuals with dementia and their family caregivers

Abstract Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is the second commonest cause of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in patients &lt;65 years. Its most frequent clinical subtype is behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) characterized by behavioral change and executive deficits. FTLD also encompasses two variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) characterized by language deficits. The majority of familial FTLD cases are linked to the C9ORF72 expansion mutation. As both cognitive and behavioral changes are core diagnostic features of FTLD, neuropsychological assessment is vital. However, neuropsychological literature is inconclusive regarding the most functional measures for detecting FTLD. Current knowledge on the cognitive profile of patients with the C9ORF72 expansion is scarce. The aims of this thesis were threefold: (1) to identify the cognitive measures that optimally serve the differential diagnosis of FTLD, (2) to characterize the neuropsychological profile of C9ORF72 expansion; and (3) to examine the utility of the Modified Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI-mod) in differentiating FTLD, AD, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The participants comprised FTLD, AD, and MCI patients diagnosed in the University Hospitals of Oulu and Kuopio. The patients underwent a detailed neuropsychological assessment including the CERAD neuropsychological battery (CERAD-NB) and the FBI-mod. While bvFTD was characterized by verbal fluency, working memory, and verbal comprehension deficits relative to AD, AD was associated with greater episodic memory impairments. The poorer delayed recall in AD was further evident on the memory tests of the CERAD-NB; however, its overall utility in the differentiation between FTLD and AD was limited. The C9ORF72 expansion carriers showed more severe executive deficits than non-carriers. The C9ORF72 expansion may further be associated with slowly progressing FTLD. On the FBI-mod, bvFTD was linked to amplified behavioral symptoms relative to AD, MCI, and PPA. Findings highlight the importance of incorporating a broad cognitive battery in the neuropsychological evaluation of FTLD. Though the clinical phenotype of C9ORF72 expansion appears broad, executive impairment likely is a core feature of bvFTD patients with the expansion. The use of the FBI-mod is recommended as a structured measure for behavioral symptoms of bvFTD. / Tiivistelmä Otsa-ohimolohkorappeumat on Alzheimerin taudin (AT) jälkeen yleisin työikäisten dementiaa aiheuttava sairausryhmä. Sen yleisin alamuoto on otsalohkodementia, jonka ensioireita ovat käyttäytymisen muutokset ja toiminnanohjauksen ongelmat. Sairausryhmään kuuluu myös kaksi kielellisin oirein ilmenevää alatyyppiä. C9ORF72-toistojaksomutaation on todettu selittävän suurimman osan perinnöllisistä tapauksista. Kognitiivisten ja käyttäytymiseen liittyvien muutosten arvioiminen on keskeinen osa taudin diagnostiikkaa. Tutkimustiedon perusteella on epäselvää, mitkä neuropsykologiset menetelmät soveltuvat parhaiten otsa-ohimolohkorappeumien tunnistamiseen. Tieto C9ORF72-mutaation kantajien kognitiivisesta profiilista on niukkaa. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli löytää neuropsykologisia menetelmiä, joista on hyötyä otsa-ohimolohkorappeumien erotusdiagnostiikassa ja selvittää C9ORF72-mutaation kantajien neuropsykologisia erityispiirteitä. Lisäksi haluttiin tutkia käytösoireita kartoittavan FBI-mod -läheiskyselyn hyödyllisyyttä otsa-ohimolohkorappeumien, AT:n ja lievän kognitiivisen heikentymän (MCI) erottamisessa. Aineisto koostui Oulun ja Kuopion yliopistosairaaloissa diagnosoiduista otsa-ohimolohkorappeuma-, AT- ja MCI-potilaista, joille oli tehty CERAD-tehtäväsarja, laaja neuropsykologinen tutkimus sekä FBI-mod. Otsalohkodementiaa sairastavat suoriutuivat AT-potilaita heikommin sanasujuvuutta, työmuistia ja kielellistä käsityskykyä arvioivissa tehtävissä, kun taas tapahtumamuisti oli heikompi AT:a sairastavilla. Myös CERAD-tehtäväsarjassa AT-potilaat suoriutuivat heikommin viivästetyn mieleenpalautuksen tehtävissä, mutta kokonaisuutena tehtäväsarjan kyky erotella otsa-ohimolohkorappeumaa ja AT:a sairastavat oli rajallinen. C9ORF72-mutaation kantajilla toiminnanohjauksen ongelmat olivat vaikeampia kuin ei-kantajilla. Lisäksi havaittiin, että C9ORF72-mutaatioon liittyvä sairaus voi edetä hyvin hitaasti. FBI-mod erotteli hyvin otsalohkodementiaa sairastavat AT- ja MCI-potilaista sekä otsa-ohimolohkorappeumien kielellistä muotoa sairastavista. Tulokset korostavat laajan neuropsykologisen tutkimuksen merkitystä otsa-ohimolohkorappeumien diagnostiikassa. Vaikka C9ORF72-mutaation kliininen kuva on vaihteleva, ovat toiminnanohjauksen ongelmat keskeinen osa taudinkuvaa. FBI-mod -kyselyn käyttö on suositeltavaa otsalohkodementiaan liittyvien käytösoireiden strukturoidussa arvioinnissa.

Bakgrund: Studier har visat att demenssjukdom inte tillhörde det normala åldrandet utan berodde på skador i hjärnan. Demenssjukdomarna påverkade minnet, humöret samt kommunikationsförmåga. Oro, ångest och andra beteendesymtom har förorsakats av sjukdomen. Ångestdämpande och sedativa läkemedel mot symtomen var en vanlig behandling. Tidigare forskning visade att det fanns andra behandlingsmetoder att tillgå. Syfte: Att belysa aktiviteter som minskade negativa symtom och ökade välbefinnandet hos personer med demenssjukdom. Metod: En litteraturstudie av vetenskapliga artiklar genomfördes. Vid granskning framkom olika aktiviteter vilka indelades i en kategori, underkategorier samt effekterna av valda aktiviteter. Resultat: Visade att med olika aktiviteter lindrades negativa symtom och ökade välmåendet samt minskade användandet av sedativa läkemedel. Metoddiskussion: De metoder och strategier som har beskrivits i litteraturen, vilka motsvarade studiens syfte gjorde det möjligt att använda metoden. Resultatdiskussion: Studien visade att det inte fanns några effektiva farmakologiska behandlingar för demenssjukdomar. Det fanns dock olika icke-farmakologiska metoder i kombination med en personcentrerad vård som visade sig haft positiv effekter på beteendemässiga psykiska symtom.Slutsats: Samtliga personer med demenssjukdom hade beteendemässiga psykiska symtom och behövde lindrande åtgärder. Ytterligare forskning sågs som nödvändig inom området för demenssjukdomar. / Background: Studies have shown that dementia did not belong to normal aging but was due to damages to the brain. Dementia affects memory, mood and the ability to communicate. Uneasiness, anxiety and other behavioral symptoms are caused by the disease. Treatment was directed at the symptoms and it was common with anxiety-reducing and sedative drugs. Previous research showed that there were other treatment methods available. Purpose: To elucidate activities and strategies to relieve symptoms and increased wellbeing of people with dementia, as well as the effects of the aforementioned. Method: A qualitative literature review of scientific articles was made. After reviewing different activities emerged that were categorized into headings, subheadings and shown effects. Result: Different activities relieved negative symptoms and increased wellbeing as well as reduced usage of sedative pharmaceuticals. Method discussion: Searches showed that previous research existed. Result discussion: The study showed that there were no effective pharmacological treatments of dementia. The need for non-pharmacological methods in combination with person-centered care existed. Conclusion: People with dementia were showing behavioral mental symptoms and in need of relieving activities. Further research is necessary in the field. / <p>Datum för godkännande: 2019-11-05</p>