Objetivo: determinar la relación entre el perfil biosocial con los conocimientos y prácticas sobre la anticoncepción oral de emergencia de las usuarias de planificación familiar del Centro de Salud El Álamo en el mes de junio del año 2015. Diseño: estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo correlacional, prospectivo. Lugar: Centro de salud El Álamo. Participantes: se trabajó con 95 usuarias que acuden a consulta de planificación familiar durante el mes de junio del año 2015. Intervenciones: se realizó un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio simple, utilizándose como instrumento un cuestionario que fue recolectado mediante la técnica de la encuesta. Para el análisis descriptivo de las variables cuantitativas se estimó medidas de tendencia central y dispersión y para el análisis de variables cualitativa se estimó frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Para el análisis inferencial se estimó prueba Chi cuadrado. Resultados: en cuanto al perfil social y el perfil biológico en relación al nivel de conocimiento acerca la anticoncepción oral de emergencia, el grado de instrucción (p=0.032), el inicio de relaciones sexuales (p=0.000) y el número de parejas sexuales (p=0.002) fueron los únicos que se relacionaron de manera significativa con el nivel de conocimientos. Al respecto del perfil biológico en relación a la toma de AOE, el número de parejas sexuales (p=0.013) y el número de hijos (p=0.041) se relacionaron de manera significativa con la toma de AOE. La relación que existe entre el perfil social y la consejería previa al uso de la AOE, se evidencia mediante el grado de instrucción (p=0.009). en cuanto al perfil social y biológico en relación a la frecuencia del uso al año de la AOE, se observó que la edad (p=0.001), el grado de instrucción (p=0.000), el estado civil (p=0.003), la ocupación (p=0.002), el inicio de las relaciones sexuales (p=0.000) y el número de parejas sexuales (p=0.000) se relacionan significativamente con la frecuencia del uso de la anticoncepción oral de emergencia Conclusión: el perfil biosocial se relaciona de manera significativa con los conocimientos y prácticas sobre la anticoncepción oral de emergencia en las usuarias de planificación familiar del Centro de Salud El Álamo en el mes de junio del año 2015.

The poor disproportionately bear the burden of diminished mental health. Despite the pronounced prevalence of these iniquitous disparities, researchers lack a comprehensive understanding of their origins and also the requisite knowledge to reduce or eliminate them. Past studies have largely focused on adult precursors and trajectories of change but have largely neglected the early-life origins, timing, and consequent chains of risk associated with mental health. This dissertation examines these elements and also considers the early-life origins of mental health in a novel way by integrating sociological-based frameworks with biosocial ones. More specifically, this dissertation examines the sensitive periods and chains of risk by which mental health problems develop or persist over time and provides clues as to when and how poverty exerts its noxious effect on mental health. This dissertation employs two national datasets: the Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to assess these issues. Viewed in tandem these datasets span from approximately ages 0 to 30 and provide an especially apropos opportunity to examine the early-life origins of mental health. This dissertation found five particularly important results. First poverty experienced in infancy had lasting effects on awakening cortisol – a marker of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning. HPA dysregualtion, in turn, is thought to be related to a host of mental health disorders. Second poverty experienced in infancy had a pernicious effect on internalizing and externalizing behaviors in adolescence, net of poverty experienced at other points in time. Third, poverty experienced in adolescence was of particular importance compared to poverty exposure at other ages in shaping mental health in young adulthood. Fourth, poverty experienced during sensitive periods acted as a catalyst that set in motion a number of complex chains of risk that proliferated over time. Fifth there were meaningful gender differences in regards to both timing and chains of risk. Overall, these results underscore the need for both theoretical and empirical models that span from infancy to adulthood / text

Members of People Unlimited Inc, maintain that they are proof that physical immortality is possible, despite the death of their founder. In this dissertation, I address the paradox of immortalist lifeworlds: how can members of People Unlimited maintain that they are immortal, yet also claim that members are still susceptible to death? This dissertation is about how imagined futures make up the present for radical life extension (RLE) activists, who form part of an emergent immortalist biosocial landscape where anticipation acts as a way of recognizing the future as a model for the present. Understanding how immortalists can claim to be physically immortal in the present, yet always working toward immortality, requires consideration of the cultures and communities within the broader RLE movement, human relationships to finitude, relationships between science and religion, and biomedical imaginaries. Since little ethnographic data exists on these communities, the goal of my research is to provide a general overview of the contemporary social phenomena of immortality, with an ethnographic focus on People Unlimited and Alcor Life Extension, both in Scottsdale, Arizona, and the broader RLE community that attends the yearly Revolution Against Aging and Death Festival (RAADfest) in Las Vegas, Nevada. The dissertation argues that RLE is an emergent form of biosocial citizenship among healthy individuals, whose present biological limitations are overcome by an orientation towards the future. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Members of People Unlimited Inc, maintain that they are proof that physical immortality is possible, despite the death of their founder. In this dissertation, I address the paradox of immortalist lifeworlds: how can members of People Unlimited maintain that they are immortal, yet also claim that members are still susceptible to death? I argue that for many immortalists, anticipation acts as a way of recognizing the future as a model for the present. I explore how radical life extension activists, including immortalists, transhumanist, cryonicists, and others, create immortal futures through self-care regimens in the present. I connect their future and present by examining the promissory and hopeful discourses of modern bioeconomies, and the forms of affect used in the creation of immortal biosocial worlds.

The object of inquiry of this thesis is synthetic biology. In this thesis I ask what is this ‘thing’ that is synthetic biology (Latour, 2005) and what might it mean for synthetic biology to inhabit the world and to inhabit it well? Synthetic biology’s coming into being has been accompanied by a considerable amount of ‘hype’ and ‘hyperbole’ (Marris and Rose, 2012) – by what the philosopher Annemarie Mol (1999) would describe as a noisy ‘perspectivalism.’ My aim in this thesis is to contribute to the telling of different kinds of less-perspectival and less-technologically-deterministic stories about the development of this burgeoning approach to biological engineering. In drawing on a combination of empirical material from over 30 1-2 hour interviews with leading synthetic biologists and ethnographic materials generated from working alongside the UK’s Health and Safety Executive (the UK regulatory authority responsible for overseeing the development of synthetic biology), I aim to multiply outwards registers for understanding what synthetic biology is and what it might become. I highlight, for example, how synthetic biology is not simply a hubristic endeavour (Lewens, 2013) but is also about processes of learning and apprehension. What’s more, depending on how synthetic biology takes shape(s) in different practices, ‘time’ also becomes aleatory and freed from its modernist shackles (Serres, 2008). I use the lens of regulation as a means of addressing the question of what it might mean for synthetic biology to inhabit the world well. Synthetic biology’s regulatory provocations have been largely underexplored within STS and human geography literatures. The thesis is informed by and builds upon, theoretical notions of multiplicity (Mol, 2002) and of syncretisms (Law and Mol, 2013). The thesis contributes to a broader shift in social theory from critique towards compositionism and concludes by arguing for the development of a modest geography of novel biologies.

This dissertation examines how the nature, extent, and consequences of mass supervision shape the health outcomes of individuals living under parole and probation. It addresses gaps within the geography literature concerning systems of parole and probation, as well as offering a contribution to examinations of the health impacts associated with these pervasive forms of carceral control. Using qualitative approaches, I explore the following research questions: 1) What are the structural conditions through which mass supervision impacts individual and community health? 2) How are structural dimensions of mass supervision experienced, and how might these embodied experiences shape pathways to ill-health? 3) How might the health impacts of mass supervision relate to processes of racial formation? In answering these questions this study draws on and synthesizes literatures from carceral geographies, biosocial theory and theories of racial capitalism. Key to understanding the health impacts of supervision is an integrated analysis of both the structural and the embodied and experiential pathways. By examining the impacts of and interrelations between these pathways, this study provides important context for the development of future research into persistent health inequities and the role of carceral control in spatial, political-economic and racial processes. / Geography

Bakgrund: Självskadebeteende är ett allvarligt problem som förekommer idag. Under senare år har vårdgivare inom hälso- och sjukvården uppmärksammat en ökning av detta problem som leder till fysiska och psykiska hälsobesvär. Dessa hälsobesvär kan förekomma i form av exempelvis depression, fysiska skador och kan i värsta fall leda till självmord. En form av terapi som visat sig ge goda resultat för att komma till rätta med detta beteende är DBT, dialektisk beteendeterapi. Syfte: Att undersöka om DBT- terapeuters beskrivning av sitt arbete med dialektisk beteendeterapi stämmer överens med litteraturens beskrivning av behandlingen, och därmed uppnå en fördjupning i dialektisk beteendeterapi och självskadebeteende. Metod: En kvalitativ studie med sex stycken semistrukturerade intervjuer med DBT- terapeuter har genomförts. Analysen har utförts med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet har delats upp i två huvudkategorier: arbetsmetod samt terapeuter och andra vårdgivares bemötande av patienter. I resultatet framkommer det hur en DBT- behandling stegvis ser ut samt vikten av ett gott bemötande av patienter. Ett gott bemötande omfattar bland annat ett respektfullt och icke- dömande förhållningssätt. Konklusion: Resultaten i studien bekräftar resultaten från den tidigare forskningen. Dock krävs det mer forskning om DBT som behandlingsmetod för att kunna dra tillförlitligare och säkrare slutsatser. Genom att arbeta med behandling av självskadebeteende kan individers hälsa förbättras, vilket i sin tur även kan leda till minskning av antalet självmord och psykisk ohälsa. / Background: Self- harm behavior is a serious problem that occurs today. In recent years care providers in the health-care have noticed an increase of this problem that leads to physical and mental health- problems. These health- problems can occur, for example, in the form of depression, physical harms and can lead to suicide in worst case. A form of therapy that has been shown to give good results to manage this behavior is DBT, dialectical behavior therapy. Aim: To investigate whether DBT- therapist’s description of their work with dialectical behavior therapy is consistent with the literature’s description of the treatment, and thereby achieve a deepening in dialectical behavior therapy and self- harm behavior. Method: A qualitative research with six semi-structured interviews with DBT- therapists have been implemented. The analysis has been done using a qualitative content analysis. Results: The result has been divided into two main categories: working- method and therapist’s and other care provider’s treatment of patients. It appears in the result how a DBT- treatment looks like, step- by step, and the importance of a good treatment of patients. A good treatment includes a respectful and non- judgemental attitude. Conclusion: The results in the study confirms the results from the recent research. However, more research on DBT as a treatment is necessary, in order to make stronger and more reliable conclusions. People’s health can be improved by working with treatment of self- harm behavior, which also can lead to a reduction in the number of suicide and mental illness.

This study proposes biosocial reciprocity framework in environmental communication, which suggests the interdependent relationships between mass media, people's attitudes, and the physical environment. Biosocial reciprocity is applied to analyze the mass media's possible roles in giant panda conservation in China. The mass media's image construction of giant pandas is assessed through a content analysis of People's Daily (1995 to 2004); the conservation awareness, activities, and environment changes are assessed by a review of the country's giant panda conservation history and policies. The result suggests active interrelations among the media, Chinese attitudes toward wildlife, and the loss of wild panda population and habitat. The study urges that to positively influence the natural world, much needs to be done to improve the Chinese media's effectiveness in fostering grassroots environmental value and awareness. Biosocial reciprocity provides a practical conceptual framework for this study to sort out media-related linkages between the social and physical world of giant panda conservation.

Darbe atlikta teorinė mokslinės literatūros analizė, kuri susijusi su motyvacija ir rankų kaulų lūžių tema, bei grindžiami tyrimo rezultatai juos lyginant su mokslininkų panašaus pobūdžio tyrimo duomenimis.Iškelta hipotezė kad, ne tik reabilitacijos priemonės bet ir pačio asmens motyvacija pasveikimui lemia greitesni funkcini nepriklausomumą.Tyrimo tikslas: Nustatyti asmenų, patyrusių rankų kaulų lūžius, motyvacijos ir savarankiškumo kaitą taikant reabilitacija.Siekiant išsiaiškinti, kaip asmenys vertina veiklos atlikimą kasdienėje, darbo ir laisvalaikio srityje buvo naudojamas Kanadietiškas veiklos vertinimo testas. Įvertinti asmenų motyvaciją buvo naudotas Pasveikimo padėties valdymo klausimynas. Tiriamieji taipogi buvo apklausti naudojant anketą, kuri buvo paruošta tyrėjo. / The theoretical analysis of scientific literature related to the motivation and the topic of arm fractures was carried out and the results of the research were based comparing them with the similar research data. A hypothesis is formulated that patient’s functional independence is spurred not only by the measures of rehabilitation but also by person's own motivation to get well.The aim of the research is to define the change of motivation and independence of persons who suffered arm fractures while applying rehabilitation. In order to find out how people evaluate the performance of activity in daily life, at work and at leisure, Canadian Performance Evaluation Test has been used. Recovery Locus of Control questionnaire was given in order to evaluate people’s motivation. The respondents were also questioned using a questionnaire that was prepared by the researchers. 100 patients who suffered different types of arm fractures participated in the research. Change of biosocial skills, independence and motivation while applying rehabilitation has been analysed in the empirical part of the paper.

Childhood adversity is linked with a variety of negative outcomes including suicide attempts and personality disorders, most commonly Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). A core feature of BPD, emotion dysregulation is often reported following early childhood adversity and contributes to both suicidal ideation and attempts. One explanation for the development of emotion dysregulation within BPD, is the biosocial model, which states that there must be an interaction between childhood emotional vulnerability and parental invalidation. Recent literature suggests that this interaction may not be necessary. Thus, the current study extended previous literature by examining childhood risk factors (i.e., ACES, parental invalidation, and childhood emotional vulnerability) as individual and interactive effects in predicting both BPD and suicide directly, as well as indirectly predicting suicide through BPD. Overall, the results indicated that all three risk factors individually predicted BPD and suicide risk and that the biosocial interaction also significantly predicts BPD and suicide risk.

No description available.