The Birnbaum-Saunders (BS) distribution is a positively skewed distribution and is a popular model for analyzing lifetime data. In this thesis, we first develop an improved method of estimation for the BS distribution and the corresponding inference. Compared to the maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) and the modified moment estimators (MMEs), the proposed method results in estimators with smaller bias, but having the same mean squared errors (MSEs) as these two estimators. Next, the existence and uniqueness of the MLEs of the parameters of BS distribution are discussed based on Type-I, Type-II and hybrid censored samples. In the case of five-parameter bivariate Birnbaum-Saunders (BVBS) distribution, we use the distributional relationship between the bivariate normal and BVBS distributions to propose a simple and efficient method of estimation based on Type-II censored samples. Regression analysis is commonly used in the analysis of life-test data when some covariates are involved. For this reason, we consider the regression problem based on BS and BVBS distributions and develop the associated inferential methods. One may generalize the BS distribution by using Laplace kernel in place of the normal kernel, referred to as the Laplace BS (LBS) distribution, and it is one of the generalized Birnbaum-Saunders (GBS) distributions. Since the LBS distribution has a close relationship with the Laplace distribution, it becomes necessary to first carry out a detailed study of inference for the Laplace distribution before studying the LBS distribution. Several inferential results have been developed in the literature for the Laplace distribution based on complete samples. However, research on Type-II censored samples is somewhat scarce and in fact there is no work on Type-I censoring. For this reason, we first start with MLEs of the location and scale parameters of Laplace distribution based on Type-II and Type-I censored samples. In the case of Type-II censoring, we derive the exact joint and marginal moment generating functions (MGF) of the MLEs. Then, using these expressions, we derive the exact conditional marginal and joint density functions of the MLEs and utilize them to develop exact confidence intervals (CIs) for some life parameters of interest. In the case of Type-I censoring, we first derive explicit expressions for the MLEs of the parameters, and then derive the exact conditional joint and marginal MGFs and use them to derive the exact conditional marginal and joint density functions of the MLEs. These densities are used in turn to develop marginal and joint CIs for some quantities of interest. Finally, we consider the LBS distribution and formally show the different kinds of shapes of the probability density function (PDF) and the hazard function. We then derive the MLEs of the parameters and prove that they always exist and are unique. Next, we propose the MMEs, which can be used as initial values in the numerical computation of the MLEs. We also discuss the interval estimation of parameters. / Thesis / Doctor of Science (PhD)

This item contains the agenda, minutes, and attachments for the Faculty Senate meeting on this date. There may be additional materials from the meeting available at the Faculty Center.

This item contains the agenda, minutes, and attachments for the Faculty Senate meeting on this date. There may be additional materials from the meeting available at the Faculty Center.

The mechanisms of pre-mRNA splicing regulation are poorly understood. Here we dissect how the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomal L30 protein blocks splicing of its pre-mRNA upon binding a kink-turn structure including the 5' splice site. We show that L30 binds the nascent RPL30 transcript without preventing recognition of the 5' splice site by U1 snRNP but blocking U2 snRNP association with the branch site. Interaction of the factors BBP and Mud2p with the intron, relevant for U2 snRNP recruitment, is not affected by L30. Furthermore, the functions of neither the DEAD-box protein Sub2p in the incipient spliceosome, nor of the U2 snRNP factor Cus2p on branch site recognition, are required for L30 inhibition. These findings contrast with the effects caused by binding a heterologous protein to the same region, completely blocking intron recognition. Collectively, our data suggest that L30 represses a spliceosomal rearrangement required for U2 snRNP association with the nascent RPL30 transcript.

This master´s thesis proposes a design for a new hotel in the Giant. This master´s thesis is elaborated in the form of project documentation for construction. The building is located in the village Spindleruv Mlyn in sloping terrain. The object is designed from a two-way wall system, the porotherm, and the ceilings are designed as stacked also from the porotherm system. The building is a rectangular ground plan with a saddle roof and a dormer. Roof cover is designed from Tondach-baked bags and design is made of wooden elements. The perimeter walls of the underground floor will be made of concrete blocks of BS Klatovy. The internal staircase will be reinforced concrete. The elevator shaft across all floors will be fitted with an evacuation lift. The building will be insulated with a certified ETICS thermal insulation system.

The adsorption and coadsorption of sulfur and oxygen on the Ir(110) surface was investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The clean Ir(110) surface forms alternating (331) and (33-1) minifacets, resulting in a mesoscopically rippled surface. Upon chemisorption of sulfur or oxygen and subsequent annealing, the surface structure is changed. In the following, the results concerning sulfur and oxygen adsorption will be summarized before addressing the coadsorption system. Sulfur adsorption: At sulfur coverages of 0.1-0.2 ML, the Ir(110) surface adopts a (1x2) missing-row configuration similar to clean Au(110) and Pt(110). The sulfur-stabilized Ir(110)-(1x2) does not show any evidence for the preference of (111) faceted steps, and consequently does not form a mesoscopic fish-scale pattern. The latter was observed on the (110) surfaces of Au and Pt, and was found to be driven by the preference for (111) step facets. On Ir(110), no such preference seems to exist, since (331) step facets are frequently observed. With respect to the adsorbed sulfur, no extended islands are observed, indicating repulsive adsorbate-adsorbate interactions. At sulfur coverages near 0.5 ML, a p(2x2) structure with p2mg (glide-plane) symmetry is observed. The adsorption site and structural model derived by STM are compatible with an earlier LEED analysis of that structure: S adsorbs in threefold coordinated fcc hollow sites above the (111) facets formed by the non-missing substrate rows. At coverages higher than 0.5 ML, a c(2x4) LEED pattern with additional faint streaks in the [-110] azimuth is observed. STM reveals that the streaks are due to pairs of sulfur atoms (dimers, for brevity) in a second adsorbate layer, that can be desorbed by heating to 1100 K. A structural model is derived on the basis of the STM results, showing the dimer atoms in on-top positions over sulfur atoms of the first adsorbate layer. When the surface is completely covered by the dimers, the surface is saturated at 0.75 ML. Oxygen adsorption: In agreement with earlier reports, oxygen adsorption and subsequent annealing to 700-900 K results in an unreconstructed (1x1) surface, covered by a c(2x2)-O overlayer at 0.5 ML coverage. Coadsorption of oxygen on an S-precovered surface (S-coverage below 0.5 ML) leads to a phase separation of the adsorbates (competitive adsorption). At low coverages, oxygen forms a p(2x2)-O phase, whereas at higher O-coverages a compression into a (1x2)-O phase is observed. Postannealing the (1x2)-O phase at 900 K in vacuum leads to a reduction of the sulfur concentration, indicating sulfur oxidation. Interestingly, the p(2x2)-O phase does not seem to be reactive, according to the AES results. A possible explanation may be that the more densely packed (1x2)-O phase can be regarded as an activated structure. This is also supported by the STM results. At S-coverages above 0.5 ML, the surface is completely poisoned with respect to oxygen adsorption. Nevertheless, heating the sulfur saturated Ir(110)-c(2x4)-S structure in an oxygen atmosphere, the sulfur concentration gradually drops to zero. At intermediate stages of this oxidation process, island formation is observed by STM, but the underlying formation processes remain to be resolved.

Radio access technologies evolving fast, mobile operators have to handle an increasing amount of base stations and frequency bands for their network to continue to function. This is a costly venture for mobile network operators that continuously have to keep up to date with never-ending advancements in technologies, as base stations are costly to build and to maintain. It is therefore necessary for these companies to investigate when to close down base stations that are not necessary anymore. With the upcoming release of 5G, it is expected that 3G is going to be less and less used—as of 2018, it is already less used than 4G in developed countries.This thesis analyses the corporate data of a mobile operator, Telenor Sweden, in order to make clear which metrics are important to take into account as regards to deciding whether or not to close down a base station. It provides methods and models to help a mobile operator to take such a decision. It focuses on UMTS (3G) base stations, even though the results can be generalized for other technologies as well.It evaluates the economic feasibility of closing a base station, with regards to how many users are still connecting to it. More importantly, it explains for what reasons users’ devices switch to 3G, and investigates what can be done to avoid switching from 4G to 3G, so as to make it easier to close down a 3G site. It provides eventually a model to help to know when closing a site, given the traffic data of the operator. / Radioåtkomstteknologier utvecklas snabbt, mobiloperatörer måste hantera en ökande mängd basstationer och frekvensband för att deras nätverk fortsätter att fungera. Detta är ett dyrt satsning för mobilnätoperatörer som kontinuerligt måste hålla sig uppdaterade med oändliga tekniska framsteg, eftersom basstationerna är kostsamma att bygga och underhålla. Det är därför nödvändigt för dessa företag att undersöka när man ska stänga basstationer som inte längre är nödvändiga. Med den kommande utgåvan av 5G förväntas 3G att bli mindre och mindre används. Från och med 2018 används den redan mindre än 4G i industriländer. Denna avhandling analyserar företagsdata från en mobiloperatör, Telenor, för att klargöra vilka mätvärden som är viktiga att ta hänsyn till när det gäller att avgöra om en basstation ska stängas eller inte. Det ger metoder och modeller för att hjälpa en mobiloperatör att fatta ett sådant beslut. Den fokuserar på UMTS (3G) basstationer, även om resultaten kan generaliseras för annan teknik också. Det utvärderar den ekonomiska möjligheten att stänga en basstation, med tanke på hur många användare som fortfarande ansluter till den. Viktigare är det att det förklaras av vilka anledningar användarens enheter växlar till 3G och undersöker vad som kan göras för att undvika att växla från 4G till 3G, så att det blir lättare att stänga en 3G-basstation. Det ger så småningom en modell som hjälper till att veta när man stänger en webbplats, med tanke på operatörens trafikdata.

No / Avoiding collision among contending customer premise equipments (CPEs) attempting to associate with a base station (BS) in a wireless regional area network (WRAN) is a challenging issue. The collision probability is highly dependent upon the size of the initial contention window and the number of contending CPEs. To reduce the collision probability among CPEs in order to start the ranging process in an IEEE 802.22 network, the BS needs to adjust the initial contention window size. This paper provides an analytical framework to estimate the ranging request collision probability depending upon the size of the initial contention window and the number of CPEs attempting to join the IEEE WRAN cell. The accuracy of the estimated curve is analyzed for various numbers of contention CPEs on the basis of the relative errors. The numerical results confirm that the approximation works reasonably well for finding the ranging request collision probability for any number of contention CPEs at a particular value of initial contention window size. Moreover, this approximation provides the threshold size for a contention window to start the initial ranging process for any number of CPEs in an IEEE 802.22 network. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

This thesis deals with basic methods of root mean square and peak value measurement of a digital acoustic signal, algotithms to measure audio programme loudness and true-peak audio level according to recommendation ITU-R BS.1770-1 and digital systems for control of signal dynamic range. It shows achieved results of root mean square and peak value measurement and results of implementation of dynamic processor with general piecewise linear non-decreasing static curve and algorithms according to recommendation ITU-R BS.1770-1.

I present and discuss the results of calculations ofelectronic structures of perfect and defective CaF2 and BaF2 crystals. These are based on the ab initio Hartree-Fock method with electron correlation corrections and ondensity-functional theory calculations with different exchange-correlation functionals, including hybrid exchange techniques.The defective systems include F centers, M centers, O-V dipoles, Hydrogen impurities and H centers.