The form of the energy function (i.e. Total, Hellinger-Reissner, Hu-Washizu or Complementary energy functions) has a significant influence on FEM performance. Motivated by the ability of the force-based method to satisfy the equilibrium equation and ability of the displacement-based method to satisfy compatibility equation, this thesis proposes a mathematical framework, namely the ‘Hybrid Force-Based Method’ which employs two physical concepts; the Total and Complementary Potential Energy functions. Satisfaction of both the Total and Complementary Potential Energy function is critical to the success of the Hybrid Force-Based Method. The Hybrid Force-Based Method is constructed using these two independent energy functions in order to perform inelastic structural analyses. The method has been proposed, implemented and evaluated across the entire structure, element, section and material domains first considering each domain separately and then in combination. The equilibrium and compatibility equations are satisfied simultaneously by discretisation of these two equations, and accuracy is controlled by specifying the upper and lower bounds of the results. Outcomes following evaluation of the proposed method can be classified into the following three categories: (i) structure-level performance (see Chapter 2), (ii) material-level performance (see Chapter 3), and (iii) element level performance (see Chapter 4). The proposed Hybrid Force-Based Method is constructed by deriving the governing equations directly from the Total and Complementary Potential Energy functions, leading to two distinct variants of the hybrid approach (i) the so-called ‘augmented Hybrid Force-Based Method’, and (ii) the so-called ‘unaugmented Hybrid Force-Based Method’. A number of numerical posterior process tests were devised and used to demonstrate the performance of these two variations of the hybrid method (see Sections 2.9.4.1 and 2.9.5.1) to demonstrate those methods ability in convergence in contrast to the Large Increment Method. Due to the occurrence of numerical instabilities experienced when using various established solution algorithms in solving the fundamental equations at the material level, within implicit approach (such as the Standard Implicit Method, the Cutting Plane Method, and the Closest Point Projection Method). A new form of the constitutive equation solver is proposed in Sections 3.9, referred to as the General Implicit Method (GIM). It is shown that the GIM can be implemented both in the strain and stress domains, and is therefore appropriate for use in both the displacement- and the force-based solution family of methods. The GIM is then evaluated by comparing its predictions to those of other common solution algorithms for inelastic analysis. Performance evaluation involves the use of a new error indicator that guarantees the uniqueness and accuracy of a solution in both the stress and the strain domains. Three iso-error maps serve to emphasis the accuracy, reliability, and computational performance of the General Implicit Method as a solution method compared to those are evaluated for the defined Stress Increment Ratio. The fundamental equations at the element level are followed, based on structured fibre discretisation. The decomposition of the various degrees of freedom into deformational and rigid-body motion serve as a mechanism by which independent equilibrium equations can be determined for each element. The subsequent equation is able to involve axial force, torsion, and both in and out of plane moments while a general form of shear strain distribution is also involved. The original form of the solution at the cross section of the elements leads to novel governing equations that are based on the characteristics of the hybrid force-based approach. The numerical evaluation in Section 4.11.7.1 demonstrates the performance of the proposed method. The newly defined error indicators demonstrate the accuracy and computational performance of the method and the uniqueness of the solution in satisfying both the equilibrium and compatibility equations for Euler-Bernoulli, Timoshenko, and Reddy strain distributions across the element section. Further to the structured fibre, distributed, semi-distributed and concentrated inelastic approach elements, as a simplified form of the element are implemented and evaluated. Although performance of those original formulations is evaluated independently in in comparison with the conventional approaches, compatibility of those as an important issue is followed as well. The numerical evaluation demonstrates higher accuracy and reliability by following the proposed method, further to the higher computational performance respect to the conjugate approaches.

This Diploma thesis covers the topic of marketing strategy of the Czech company GRANO Skuteč spol. s r.o. for entering the Austrian market. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. Theoretical part is focused on the process of planning a marketing strategy a of a building construction company. The practical part deals with the particular case of planning the marketing strategy for the company GRANO Skuteč spol. s r.o. Analyzes of the macro and micro environment are used to find the best solution, which recommended at the end of the thesis.

Purpose: The lack of digital competence in the industry of construction is a fact, which can obstruct the implementation of digital tools. The goal for the study is to chart the workers at the construction site’s digital competence through semi structured interviews with participants in an extension project, Alfa.  Method: The study was done through a case study with interviews as a primary source of data. The interviews are held at the construction site of the project alfa with an SME (small and medium-sized enterprise) as the general contractor.    Findings: The digital competence regarding the use of digital tools in building construction is, just as the experience to use them, low and several difficulties can be seen on the construction site. To be able to use the digital tools that is implemented on the construction site the construction workers need to have knowledge about for instance their own role and duties, how to navigate in the tools and what benefits that can come from the use of digital tools. Good communication between design and construction is important for the use of digital tools. More collaboration and greater understanding about the demands from construction can create an easier implementation and use of the digital tools in construction.  Implications: The digital skills of professional workers are generally low. Increased competence can be achieved through more training and information opportunities for professionals to take part in. Knowledge of the digital tools' structure and functions along with basic professional skills and computer experience contributes to a simplified use of digital tools. Through standards and guidelines for the use of digital tools in production, clearer strategies can be formed within companies and projects and result in simplified software development. By involving the contractors in the early planning stage, the demands and wishes of the professional workers can be lifted and simplify the use of the tools in the production.  Limitations: Due to the delimitations made, the study becomes narrower and more specific. The limitations make the study's results more concrete and can be used as guidelines and recommendations for future projects with similar conditions.  Keywords: construction, construction communication, obstacles, construction site workers, digital competence, building construction, digitalization

<p>In the field of the construction industry, the research work has been widely focused on identifying key performance indicators and critical success factors without assessing the impact of conflict environment factors. This study focusses on the impact of post-conflict environment factors on local construction organization performance. This research presents a performance prediction model comprising the effect of post-conflict environment factors on construction organization performance. The proposed framework of this study has four stages: identify key performance indicators (KPIs), identify post-conflict environment impacting factors, determine critical success factors (CSFs), and formulate success strategy to improve performance. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and multiple linear regression (MLR) techniques are applied to analyze the data.</p> <p>The study finding indicates that there is a significant relationship between the post-conflict condition impacting factors and local construction organization performance, which is insufficiently studied in previous research work. Thus, the developed framework will benefit academic scholars and industry practitioners to analyze and evaluate challenges and opportunities caused by different external environment conditions in the post-conflict construction industry. </p>

In my diploma thesis I analyze development of residential construction in Bystrc, which gradually became part of the city agglomeration of Brno. This diploma thesis maps types of construction in different segments of history-from oldest settlement to modern times. I also deal with outline of future construction projects and future residential development in this territory. I also added my opinion to this new planned developments. I have paid special attention to construction period where panel hoses were build which had fundamental influence to this area.

This diploma thesis deals with study of the moisture-transport properties of polymer cementious ETICS mortars at different doses of redispersible polymer powder. The effect of aerate on these screeds is also investigated. The thesis also evaluates the effect of use various external surface treatments due to risk of cumulate moisture in the perimeter structure.

This diploma thesis processes the dateched multifunctional building. The supporting structure of the house is a monolithic reinforced concrete skeleton. The building is covered with a flat roof. The design focus is on the overal consistency among spatial, structural, static, fire safety, acoustic and thermal technical requirements. The graphical part of documentation has been processed in the AUTOCAD software.

<p>As buildings have almost come to a saturation point in most developed countries, the management and maintenance of existing buildings have become the major problem of the field. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is the underlying technology to solve this problem. It is a 3D semantic representation of building construction and facilities that contributes to not only the design phase but also the construction and maintenance phases, such as life-cycle management and building energy performance measurement. This study aims at the processes of creating as-built BIM models, which are constructed after the design phase. Point cloud, a set of points in 3D space, is an intermediate product of as-built BIM models that is often acquired by 3D laser scanning and photogrammetry. A raw point cloud typically requires further procedures, e.g. registration, segmentation, classification, etc. In terms of segmentation and classification, machine learning methodologies are trending due to the enhanced speed of computation. However, supervised machine learning methodologies require labelling the training point clouds in advance, which is time-consuming and often leads to inevitable errors. And due to the complexity and uncertainty of real-world environments, the attributes of one point vary from the attributes of others. These situations make it difficult to analyze how one single attribute contributes to the result of segmentation and classification. This study developed a method of producing point clouds from a fast-generating 3D virtual indoor environment using procedural modeling. This research focused on two attributes of simulated point clouds, point density and the level of random errors. According to Silverman (1986), point density is associated with the point features around each output raster cell. The number of points within a neighborhood divided the area of the neighborhood is the point density. However, in this study, there was a little different. The point density was defined as the number of points on a surface divided by the surface area. And the unit is points per square meters (pts/m²). This research compared the performances of a machine learning segmentation and classification algorithm on ten different point cloud datasets. The mean loss and accuracy of segmentation and classification were analyzed and evaluated to show how the point density and level of random errors affect the performance of the segmentation and classification models. Moreover, the real-world point cloud data were used as additional data to evaluate the applicability of produced models.</p>

<p>Post-disaster temporary housing has been a significant challenge for the emergency management group and industries for many years. According to reports by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), housing in states and territories is ranked as the second to last proficient in 32 core capabilities for preparedness.The number of temporary housing required in a geographic area is influenced by a variety of factors, including social issues, financial concerns, labor workforce availability, and climate conditions. Acknowledging and creating a balance between these interconnected needs is considered as one of the main challenges that need to be addressed. Post-disaster temporary housing is a multi-objective process, thus reaching the optimized model relies on how different elements and objectives interact, sometimes even conflicting, with each other. This makes decision making in post-disaster construction more restricted and challenging, which has caused ineffective management in post-disaster housing reconstruction.</p> <p>Few researches have studied the use of Artificial Intelligence modeling to reduce the time and cost of post-disaster sheltering. However, there is a lack of research and knowledge gap regarding the selection and the magnitude of effect of different factors of the most optimized type of Temporary Housing Units (THU) in a post-disaster event.</p> The proposed framework in this research uses supervised machine learing to maximize certain design aspects of and minimize some of the difficulties to better support creating temporary houses in post-disaster situations. The outcome in this study is the classification type of the THU, more particularly, classifying THUs based on whether they are built on-site or off-site. In order to collect primary data for creating the model and evaluating the magnitude of effect for each factor in the process, a set of surveys were distributed between the key players and policymakers who play a role in providing temporary housing to people affected by natural disasters in the United States. The outcome of this framework benefits from tacit knowledge of the experts in the field to show the challenges and issues in the subject. The result of this study is a data-based multi-objective decision-making tool for selecting the THU type. Using this tool, policymakers who are in charge of selecting and allocating post-disaster accommodations can select the THU type most responsive to the local needs and characteristics of the affected people in each natural disaster.

The subject of the diploma thesis is the elaboration of the technological project of the multifunctional building DASS in Martin. It is a two-storey building that will serve for the needs of DASS company. The diploma thesis assesses the building as a whole and focuses on selected technological processes. The work consists of the technical report, study of the implementation of the main technological stages of the main building, technological regulations for monolithic reinforced concrete horizontal structures and for vegetation flat roof, design of main construction machines and mechanisms, design and assessment of lifting mechanism and control-test plans for structures from technological regulations. Furthermore, a time and financial plan is developed. Than staff balance and a schedule of selected technological processes of the main building is processed. At the same time a construction site project, a health and safety plan, a noise study and LEED 2009 CORE & SHELL are prepared for the construction of a multifunctional building. The work is further supplemented by a specialization focused on the analysis of the contribution of green roofs on energy efficiency of buildings.