Yes / This study will undertake a preparatory phase summarising the body of literature on midwifery students’ knowledge, understanding and experiences of workplace bullying, and violence.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the frequency and type of bullying behaviours experienced in a Pretoria private high school in the past six months. The aim was to determine how factors such as gender, age and ethnicity influenced the frequency and type of bullying experienced. The different types of bullying behaviours were categorised into physical, indirect, verbal and cyber-bullying. A quantitative method was applied and a self-report questionnaire was administered to 367 learners ranging from ages 12 – 18 (Grade 8 to Grade 12). The results of the study indicated that indirect bullying (such as malicious gossip) was the highest form of bullying reported in the study and occurred equally throughout the grades. However a high amount of bullying in all categories was found in the grade 9 group. Females reported higher frequencies of indirect bullying than males but no differences were found with regards to gender and the other types of bullying. No differences were found between the ethnic groups and physical violence as well as cyber-bullying. Caucasians seem to experience higher frequencies in bullying behaviours when it came to indirect bullying compared to African and Asian learners. Indian learners were also more prone to experience indirect bullying than Asians. Caucasians were also more likely to experience verbal bullying than Asian learners. It was found that racial bullying might occur in the school but that it does so at a minimal level. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Psychology / unrestricted

Ce travail avait pour objectif de répondre à trois questions de recherche relatives au bullying en milieu scolaire. Dans un premier temps, la validité d’un questionnaire d’évaluation du bullying scolaire a été explorée. En second lieu, il s’agissait d’identifier si le cyber-bullying présente les mêmes caractéristiques que le bullying scolaire. Enfin, l’importance de la relation entre le bullying scolaire et le sommeil a été analysée.Des entretiens individuels ont été menés auprès de 1422 collégiens et lycéens (Filles = 47%, Garçons = 53%, âge moyen = 14,3±2,7 ans). Notre première étude montre que l’adaptation française du Bully/Victim Questionnaire révisé d’Olweus (1996) est un outil valide pour évaluer le bullying auprès d’adolescents (α= 0,75 ; χ²/ddl= 7 ; RMSEA=0,064 ; GFI=0,95 ; AGFI=0,93 ; validité de construit satisfaisante). Plus d’un adolescent sur quatre est concerné par le bullying : 18% des élèves ont un profil « victime », 9% sont « agresseurs » et 3% sont « agresseurs/victimes ». Les résultats de notre deuxième étude invitent à distinguer le cyber-bullying du bullying scolaire : les élèves impliqués dans l’une et l’autre de ces formes de bullying ne sont pas les mêmes et ils ne présentent pas les mêmes difficultés psychosociales. Notre troisième étude montre que le sommeil est associé aux profils du bullying scolaire. Les victimes se plaignent davantage de problèmes relatifs à la qualité subjective de leur sommeil ; les agresseurs ont un rythme veille/sommeil plus irrégulier que leurs camarades et présentent une quantité de sommeil plus faible. Enfin, le sommeil a un effet modérateur sur les problèmes psychosociaux rencontrés par les élèves impliqués dans le bullying scolaire.Ces résultats amènent à considérer que le bullying constitue tant une réalité scolaire qu’un problème de santé publique. Il est important de continuer d’explorer ce phénomène pour nourrir les réflexions sur les modes de prévention à mettre en place dans les établissements scolaires. / The aim of this study was to investigate bullying in schools. At first, we assessed the validity of a widespread questionnaire devoted to evaluate school-bullying. Second, we investigated the overlap between school-bullying and cyber-bullying. At least, we examined the relation between school-bullying and sleep. Individual interviews were conducted with 1422 middle- and high-school students (Girls = 47%, Boys=53%, Mean age=14.3±2.7 y.o).Results of our first study show that the French adaptation of the revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (1996) is a valid instrument for measuring bullying in adolescents (α= 0.75 ; χ²/ddl= 7 ; RMSEA=0.064 ; GFI=0.95 ; AGFI=0.93 ; construct validity). More than one adolescent in four is involved in bullying: 18% as “victim”, 9% as “bully” and 3% as “bully/victim”. Results of our second study show that cyber-bullying and bullying do not overlap: students involved in each of these forms of Bullying are not the same and they do not experienced the same psychosocial problems.Our third study shows that sleep is associated with profiles in school-bullying. Victims have higher complains related to subjective sleep quality. Bullies’ sleep/wake patterns are more irregular and their sleep duration is lower than their schoolmates. Then, there is a moderator effect of sleep on psychosocial problems related to bullying.Given the sizable proportion of adolescents involved in bullying and its significant relationship with health criterion, the issue warrants serious school and public health attention. More studies should be conducted in order to implement relevant school-based intervention programs.

Research on principals' perceptions and responses to school bullying is scarce. This study investigated the perceptions of seven middle school principals and their responses to six hypothetical vignettes depicting incidents of physical, verbal, or relational bullying. During interviews, respondents were asked to rate the seriousness of each incident and describe how they would respond. Respondents rated all the incidents, regardless of the form of bullying, as moderately serious, serious, or very serious. When asked to describe how they would respond to incidents, all responded they would take action (e.g., consequences for the instigator, interventions to change the behavior of the instigator, support for the target). State statute on bullying, school anti-bullying policies, past experience with bullying, and a belief that students deserve to feel safe were key to guiding their responses. The principals recognized that bullying occurred on their campuses but indicated that incidents were minimized as a result of their strong school anti-bullying polices and a belief that no form of bullying was to be tolerated on their campuses.

Orientador: Luciene Regina Paulino Tognetta / Banca: Maria Suzana de Stefano Menin / Banca: Telma Pileggi Vinha / Resumo: O bullying, dentre tantas situações de violência, tem gerado preocupação, em educadores, pais e, também, no Poder Público, que sancionou a Lei Antibullying (13185/2015) e que foi incorporada, mais recentemente, à LDB. Tal lei não inaugura o combate a esse tipo de violência, mas instaura a necessidade e urgência de se compreender melhor o fenômeno e os mecanismos psicológicos que o envolve, já que aponta para a urgência de se organizar práticas de prevenção e intervenção em instituições educativas, como a implantação de SAIs (Sistemas de Apoio entre Iguais), que têm sido avaliadas por diferentes investigações como mais eficazes para essa função de combater o bullying. Assim, a presente pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, teve como objetivos comparar o modo de adesão a valores morais - o respeito, a justiça e a solidariedade - entre três grupos de jovens: alunos membros de Equipes de Ajuda e alunos que não são membros de Equipes de Ajuda em escolas com a implantação deste SAI, e alunos de escolas que não tem as Equipes de Ajuda implantadas; verificar se a adesão ao valor do respeito em situações hipotéticas de bullying está mais relacionada à adesão ao valor da justiça ou da solidariedade; verificar se existe diferença nessa relação para supostas situações de respeito em que há bullying e em que não há; e, por fim, analisar se há diferenças nas respostas em relação ao gênero. Nossa amostra, escolhida por conveniência, contou com a participação de 2513 adolescentes do Fundamental... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Bullying, among so many situations of violence, has generated concern, among educators, parents and, also, in the Public Power, which sanctioned the Anti-Bullying Law (13185/2015) and was most recently incorporated into LDB. Such law does not inaugurate the fight against this type of violence, but it establishes the need and urgency to better understand the phenomenon and the psychological mechanisms that surround it, since it points to the urgency of organizing prevention and intervention practices in educational institutions, such as the implementation of SAIs (Peer Support), which have been evaluated by different investigations as an effective way of combating bullying. Thus, the present exploratory research aimed to compare the way of adhering to moral values - respect, justice and solidarity - among three groups of young people: students who are members of Help Teams and students who are not members of Help Teams in schools with the implementation of this SAI, and students from schools that do not have the Help Teams implanted; to verify if adherence to the value of respect in hypothetical situations of bullying is more related to adherence to the value of justice or solidarity; check if there is a difference in this relation to supposed situations of respect in which there is bullying and in which there is not; and, finally, to analyze if there are differences in the answers regarding the gender. Our sample, chosen for convenience, had the participation of 2513 adolesce... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Luciene Regina Paulino Tognetta / Banca: Maria Suzana de Stefano Menin / Banca: Elaine Prodócimo / Resumo: O bullying é definido como "comportamento indesejado e agressivo entre crianças e adolescentes que envolve um desequilíbrio de poder entre as partes, que se repete ao longo do tempo". Os que sofrem tais agressões mantêm-se numa posição de vitimização por impossibilidade de se desvencilhar de uma autoimagem com pouco valor. Agressor e vítima estão sempre sob os olhos de seus iguais, que testemunham os fatos. Os sistemas de apoio entre pares são grupos de alunos preparados a oferecer estratégias e saídas para os problemas que afligem a convivência diária. O conceito de Equipes de Ajuda (EA's) é baseado na ideia de grupos formados na escola, que habitualmente convivem entre si e desse modo identificam seus próprios problemas, sendo considerados como redes de apoio estáveis, que atuam de modo cooperativo e colaborativo. A atual pesquisa apresenta caráter exploratório, de natureza quantitativa, e se deu pelo desenvolvimento de dois objetivos. No primeiro, buscou-se comparar as diferenças percebidas nas crenças de autoeficácia para a ajuda em situações de bullying entre adolescentes em escolas que possuem os sistemas de apoio entre iguais implantados e em escolas que não os possuem. No segundo, a evolução nas crenças de autoeficácia para ajudar em escolas onde existem os SAI implantados em três momentos distintos, antes da implantação, um ano após e dois anos após. Fazem parte dessa amostra um total de 2.403 alunos, divididos em 1.301 alunos referentes a escolas privadas que possue... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Bullying is defined as a "undesirable and aggressive behavior among children and teenagers which involves a power imbalance between the roles, it's repeated along the time". Individuals who suffer such aggressions maintain themselves in a victimization role, because of impossibilities to unleash of a low value self-image. Author and target are always in their peers' presence, who testify the facts. The Peers Support Systems (SAI) are groups of students prepared to offer strategies and solutions for problems that grieve the daily coexistence. The concept of Help Teams, which are based on groups created at school, who acquaintance and, on this way, identify their own problems, being considered stable support networks, that acts cooperatively and collaboratively. The current research has an exploratory approach, analyzed quantitatively, and it has happened by two developed aims. At first, the identified differences of self-efficacy to help, in bullying situations among teenagers, were compared between schools with SAI implanted and schools where there is not this kind of work. At second, to compare the evolution in students' self-efficacy beliefs to help at schools where the SAI were implanted in three different moments: before the implantation, one year after and two years after the implantation. The sample counts 2403 students, from which 1301 studies at private schools where there are SAI, Help Teams (CEA). The others 1102 students are from schools where there is no implantat... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Thesis advisor: Belle Liang / While a large body of research has established high prevalence rates of discrimination (i.e., unfair treatment because of perceived or claimed membership in a particular identity group) in youth and its negative impact on both mental health and academic outcomes (Fisher, Wallace, & Fenton, 2000; Russel et al., 2012), less is known about the effects of identity-based bullying (i.e., verbal or physical assaults targeting identity(ies)). In addition, very few studies examine both everyday forms of discrimination and identity-based bullying, and even fewer assess the differing experiences of youth with intersectional identities (i.e., multiple oppressed identities; Garnett et al., 2014). Finally, no studies to date have examined the potentially protective role of teacher-student relationships for youth facing identity-based victimization.  The current study sought to examine the impact of identity-based victimization (i.e., discrimination and identity-based bullying) on mental health and academic achievement in a large and diverse sample of youth who were assessed longitudinally. To capture the complexity of the outcomes associated with identity-based victimization for youth with an oppressed gender identity, sexual orientation, and/or race, an intersectional framework was used. Finally, the present dissertation examined the role of teacher-student relationships as a potential source of protection for students facing identity-based victimization.   Results from the present study indicated that identity-based victimization is a pervasive problem that is negatively associated with mental health and academic achievement in adolescents. Findings suggested that intersectional students face a higher risk of experiencing identity-based victimization, and mental health challenges when confronted with above average discrimination. Autonomy-enhancing and positive teacher student relationships had a moderating effect on the association between identity based victimization and mental health for some youth, but not others. Implications of these findings for research, assessment, and intervention are discussed. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2018. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology.

Esta pesquisa é um estudo etnográfico realizado em duas escolas públicas do segundo ciclo do ensino fundamental (6º a 9° anos), de duas capitais, São Paulo e Salvador. Tendo como objetivo compreender o papel do bullying no processo de construção da identidade de gênero entre as meninas, foram utilizadas as seguintes técnicas metodológicas: observação participante, conversas informais individuais e grupais com jovens de ambos os sexos e entrevistas em profundidade com garotas, na faixa etária de 11 a 15 anos. A instituição escolar constitui um espaço basilar de poder que regula, normaliza e inculca modelos de feminilidade e masculinidade e da sexualidade heterossexual. Nesse processo de aprendizado social das identidades de gênero, o grupo de pares exerce papel fundamental na reprodução e/ou ressignificação das normas, práticas e discursos relacionados à feminilidade. O bullying cumpre um importante papel como mecanismo cultural estruturado para a prescrição de formas de produção e modelagem dos sujeitos. Tomando como ponto de partida as práticas interacionais cotidianas de inclusão/exclusão social, interpreta-se o bullying entre garotas como uma forma de sociabilidade, assentada em um jogo de diferenças e oposições. As disputas cotidianas entre as meninas associam-se à regulação da sua sexualidade e conformam um processo feminilizante através do controle e da punição de condutas socialmente reprovadas. Por meio dessas interações de regulação e controle da sexualidade são coproduzidas categorias de identidade de gênero, mediante a demarcação e negociação de posições e papéis na hierarquia social / This research is an ethnographic study carried out in two public schools of the second cycle of primary education (6th to 9th grade), from two Brazilian states capitals, São Paulo and Salvador. In order to understand the role of bullying in the process of constructing gender identity among girls, the following methodological techniques were used: participant observation, individual and group informal conversations with both sexes and in-depth interviews with girls in the range age from 11 to 15 years. The school institution is a basic space of power that regulates, normalizes and inculcates models of femininity and masculinity and of heterosexual sexuality. In this process of social learning of gender identities, the peer group plays a fundamental role in the reproduction and/or re-signification of norms, practices and discourses related to femininity. Bullying plays an important role as a structured cultural mechanism for the prescription of forms of production and modeling of subjects. Taking as a starting point the daily interactional practices of social inclusion/exclusion, it is interpreted bullying among girls as a form of sociability, based on a game of differences and oppositions. The daily disputes among girls are associated with the regulation of their sexuality and conform a feminizing process through the control and punishment of socially disapproved behavior. Through these interactions of regulation and control of sexuality, categories of gender identity are co-produced by demarcating and negotiating positions and roles in the social hierarchy

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nilza Catini.pdf: 2410538 bytes, checksum: eec6fff0c1df07256e36b1d226850237 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-12-09 / This work consists on a first investigation about bullying in the context of Brazilian society starting from its manifestation at a public school in Campinas suburbs. Simultaneously, are presented manifestations of violent behaviors in the community where interviewed participants live. The study involved 41 participants, aged from 8 to 15, belonging to a Communitarian Center. Data were collected in two steps, composed by a drawing and an individual recorded interview, which was semi-structured. Participants characterized bulling from their own referential as aggressors (16%), victims (29%) and spectators. From their reports one can infer: spectators show decadence of values as solidarity and feeling of impotence; victims demonstrate anxiety and insecurity due to chance of new aggressions, disgust, feeling of impotence, self blaming and negative consequences on their self esteem; aggressors expose insensibility to the feelings of other people, discrimination and form groups that make use of violent strategies. From manifestations of violence in the community one can point out traffic and drugs use. The discussions concentrate on a criticism to the competitive and individualist ethic, which tends to stimulate manifestations of violence. In addition, analyze antagonism between competition and cooperation / O trabalho consiste numa investiga??o inicial sobre o "bullying" na realidade brasileira a partir de sua manifesta??o em uma escola p?blica da periferia de Campinas (SP). Paralelamente, apresenta manifesta??es da viol?ncia na comunidade onde os participantes residem. O estudo envolveu 41 participantes, de 8 a 15 anos de um N?cleo Comunit?rio e os dados foram coletados em duas etapas, compostas por um desenho e uma entrevista individual, semidirigida e gravada. Os participantes caracterizaram o "bullying" a partir de seu referencial enquanto agressores (16%), v?timas (29%) e espectadores. De seus relatos depreende-se: decad?ncia de valores como a solidariedade e sentimento de impot?ncia por parte dos espectadores; ansiedade e inseguran?a devido expectativa de novas agress?es, revolta, sentimento de impot?ncia, autoculpa, e reflexos negativos na auto-estima por parte das v?timas; insensibilidade pelo sentimento do outro, valores preconceituosos e forma??o de grupos que se utilizam de estrat?gias violentas por parte dos agressores. Das manifesta??es de viol?ncia na comunidade sobressaem-se as relacionadas ao tr?fico e uso de drogas. As discuss?es t?m como refer?ncia a cr?tica ? ?tica competitiva e individualista, cujos valores tendem a favorecer a manifesta??o das diversas viol?ncias. Apresentam, ainda, o contraponto entre competi??o e coopera??o

O bullying pode ser considerado um tipo de violência cujas ações podem causar danos graves aos envolvidos, seja enquanto vítimas ou agressores, ou mesmo de maneira indireta, como espectadores/testemunha. Porém, a fim de mediar os conflitos existentes, pode-se construir um processo emancipatório, no qual o sujeito se torne capaz de gerir suas decisões, em se envolver ou não com o esse tipo de violência na escola, apoiado no conhecimento de sua realidade. Buscando ações de redução e de prevenção do bullying, o Programa de Intervenção Educação em Saúde Antibullying (PIESA) foi executado em uma escola estadual do interior paulista com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de sua implementação realizada por uma enfermeira. Método: estudo quase-experimento (antes e depois), utilizando como sujeito 260 estudantes na faixa etária dos 10 aos 17 anos de idade, do 6º ao 9º ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública do interior paulista. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de abril de 2012 a setembro de 2013. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística, obtendo-se a razão de prevalência com o intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95% e comparação dos períodos pré e pós intervenção. Os programas utilizados nas análises foram SPSS 22 e R 3.0.2. Em todos os testes adotados, foi utilizado o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Constatou-se que houve mudança de comportamento entre os estudantes envolvidos direta ou indiretamente com o bullying após a execução do PIESA (p=0,001), e, os dados apontaram um decréscimo da prevalência de vítimas e de agressores após a intervenção, bem como das situações que permeavam o fenômeno. \"Pôr apelido\" e ser \"zoado\" foram as manifestações mais relatadas, tanto por vítimas, quanto por agressores e, de igual forma, a frequência dessas perpetrações diminuíram na segunda etapa da investigação. Observou-se ainda a prevalência maior de vítimas do sexo feminino (55,6%) e, quanto ao sexo dos agressores, os percentuais foram semelhantes: 49,0% eram meninas e 51,0% eram meninos. Conclusão: Os resultados dessa investigação apontaram que o programa de intervenção pode ser implementado por um enfermeiro. Para tanto, deve-se reavaliá-lo periodicamente para que, caso surjam novas possibilidades de conflitos e, até mesmo, novas formas de manifestação, a comunidade escolar seja capaz de detectar e intervir rapidamente, evitando que um novo ciclo de violência se inicie / Bullying can be considered a kind of violence whose actions can cause serious damage to those involved, either as victims or perpetrators, or even indirectly, as spectators / witness. However, in order to mediate existing conflicts, it can construct an emancipatory process, in which the subject becomes able to manage their decisions, to engage or not with this kind of violence at school, supported by the knowledge of his reality. Seeking actions to reduce and prevent bullying, the Education Program Intervention in Health Antibullying (PIESA) was executed in a public school in São Paulo State, Brazil, in order to assess the effects of its implementation carried out by a nurse. Method: quasi-experimental study (before and after) using as subjects 260 students aged from 10 to 17 years old, from 6th to 9th year of high school from a public school in São Paulo State, Brazil,. Data collection occurred from April 2012 to September 2013. Data were analyzed statistically, yielding a prevalence ratio with confidence interval (CI) of 95% and comparison of pre- and post-intervention. The programs used in the analysis were SPSS 22 and R 3.0.2. In all tests adopted, we used the 5% significance level. Results: It was found that there was a change of behavior among students involved directly or indirectly with bullying after running the PIESA (p = 0.001), and the data showed a decrease in the prevalence of victims and aggressors after the intervention, as well as of the situations which permeated the phenomenon. \"Putting nickname\" and being \"mocked\" were the most frequently reported events, both by victims and by aggressors and, equally, the frequency of these perpetration decreased in the second stage of the investigation. It was also observed a higher prevalence of female victims. Conclusion: The results of this research show that the intervention program can be implemented by a nurse. For this, one must reevaluate it periodically so that, in case of new potential for conflicts and even new forms of manifestation, the school community is able to detect and intervene quickly, preventing a new cycle of violence begins