Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T14:34:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ALLANA_ALMEIDA_MORAES_PARCIAL.pdf: 797211 bytes, checksum: bd629a30616c046131afe865c323092f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T14:34:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_ALLANA_ALMEIDA_MORAES_PARCIAL.pdf: 797211 bytes, checksum: bd629a30616c046131afe865c323092f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Research in Positive Psychology highlights that human forces, such as hope, operate as shock absorbers against mental illness, being determinant for positive youth development. Therefore, the general objective of this dissertation was to explore ?hope? during adolescence. Thus, two studies, a theoretical and an empirical, were conducted in the form of articles. The theoretical article sought, from a systematic review of the literature, to contemplate a general panorama regarding the studies involving the construction of hope in adolescence, aiming to reflect about scientific productions in this area. The studies included in the review englobe the relationship of hope with others constructs, in different countries. The data found point to empirical proposals associating hope with essential virtues for good youth development, demonstrating that this is a promising area for the performance of psychology in Brazil. The empirical article aimed to identify characteristics of hope, religiosity and personality and its relation with drug use in a sample of 668 school adolescents, from 14 to 18 years old, attending to the 8th grade and 9th grade of elementary school and the 3 years of high school in Public schools in a metropolitan city in the southern region of the country. All participants answered a sociodemographic data questionnaire, the Dispositional Scale of Hope, the Duke-Durel Religious Accuracy Scale (P-DUREL), the Drug Use Screening Inventory (DUSI-R), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). It was found that higher levels of hope are associated with greater non-organizational religiosity and non-use of alcohol. Regarding personality, higher levels of hope was associated with the dimensions of the Self-directedness, Cooperativeness, and Self-Transcendence character. When assessing the final model, hope in adolescents who didn?t use alcohol was better explained by non-organizational religiosity and the personality dimentions Harm Avoidance, Novelty Seeking and Persistence. The findings reveal the importance of studies addressing protective factors for substance use during adolescence, since that period is characterized by exposure and vulnerability to offers and alcohol and other drugs use. / Pesquisas em Psicologia Positiva destacam que for?as humanas, como a esperan?a, operam como amortecedores contra doen?as mentais, sendo determinantes para o desenvolvimento juvenil positivo. Portanto, o objetivo geral desta disserta??o foi explorar o constructo ?esperan?a? no per?odo da adolesc?ncia. Para isso, foram realizados dois estudos, um te?rico e um emp?rico, apresentados na forma de artigos. O artigo te?rico buscou, a partir de uma revis?o sistem?tica da literatura, contemplar um panorama geral a respeito dos estudos envolvendo o constructo da esperan?a na adolesc?ncia, visando a refletir sobre as produ??es cient?ficas nesta ?rea. Os estudos inclu?dos na revis?o abarcaram a rela??o da esperan?a com outros diversos constructos, em diferentes pa?ses. Os dados encontrados apontam propostas emp?ricas associando a esperan?a a virtudes essenciais ao bom desenvolvimento juvenil, demonstrando que esta ? uma ?rea promissora para a atua??o da psicologia no Brasil. O artigo emp?rico teve como objetivo identificar caracter?sticas de esperan?a, religiosidade e personalidade e sua rela??o com uso de drogas em uma amostra de 668 adolescentes de escolas p?blicas de uma cidade metropolitana da regi?o sul do pa?s, com idades entre 14 e 18 anos, pertencentes ? 8? s?rie, ao 9? ano do ensino fundamental, e aos tr?s anos do ensino m?dio. Todos os participantes responderam a um question?rio de dados sociodemogr?ficos, a Escala de Esperan?a Disposicional, a Escala de Religiosidade Duke-Durel (P-DUREL), ao Invent?rio de Triagem do Uso de Drogas (DUSI-R) e ao Invent?rio de Temperamento e Car?ter (ITC-R). Verificou-se que n?veis mais altos de esperan?a se associaram a maior Religiosidade n?o Organizacional e ao n?o uso de ?lcool. Com rela??o ? personalidade, n?veis maiores de esperan?a foram associados ?s dimens?es do car?ter Autodirecionamento, Cooperatividade e Auto-transcend?ncia. A partir do modelo final, a esperan?a nos adolescentes que n?o haviam feito uso de ?lcool foi melhor explicada pela Religiosidade n?o Organizacional e pelas dimens?es da personalidade Evita??o de Danos, Busca por Novidade e Persist?ncia. A partir dos achados, detectou-se a import?ncia de estudos que tenham o objetivo de analisar os fatores protetivos ao uso de subst?ncia na adolesc?ncia, visto que neste per?odo os adolescentes encontram-se mais expostos e vulner?veis ?s ofertas e ao consumo de ?lcool e outras drogas.

Submitted by PPG Comunica??o Social (famecos-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-13T16:45:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO_DE_BARROS_TAVARES_DIS.pdf: 989336 bytes, checksum: 41283c8d1f872a7a12027120fc21f369 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-22T19:56:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO_DE_BARROS_TAVARES_DIS.pdf: 989336 bytes, checksum: 41283c8d1f872a7a12027120fc21f369 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-22T20:06:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO_DE_BARROS_TAVARES_DIS.pdf: 989336 bytes, checksum: 41283c8d1f872a7a12027120fc21f369 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The study presents the convergence of the communication and education fields (MARTINBARBERO, 2014) to understand the dimension of a professional practice in the society. The theme is the praxis (VAZQUEZ, 1977) of Public Relationships, being delimited by the humanist reading and the educational character, on the assumption that the communication teaching can influence the actions practiced in the professional fiels. Besides this, the area can portray an union between the educational and communicational acts for the society. The main goal is to comprehend the possibilities of an educational character in the Public Relationships praxis, in the humanist perspective of the formation. The theoretical reference covers the praxiological dimension of the academic and professional field, through the Bourdieu Sociology (BOURDIEU, 1983, 1996, 1997, 2007), and considers the contributions of the humanist education, contemplated by the notions of human practice reproduction (BOURDIEU; PASSERON, 2014, the educative act (CABANAS, 1995) and the humanistic formation (FREIRE, 2013). In addition, it discusses different theoretical aspects of the Public Relationships practice: the excellence studies (GRUNIG, 2003, 2011, 2013), the political function (SIM?ES, 1995, 2001, 2009) and the critical and humanistic theory (PERUZZO, 1986, 1998, 2013). Teachers of the activity, that coordinate the Public Relationships graduation courses in Rio Grande do Sul, were consulted for being opinion leaders. The adopted methodological strategy is the hermeneutics in depth (THOMPSON, 1995) and, to achieve an interpretation and reinterpretation, contextualize the doxa by the legislation that regulates the Public Relationships. The socio-historical analysis of the communication teaching (MOURA, 2007; OLIVEIRA, 2007) is added to the Minimum Curricula from 1969 to 1984, in addition to the National Curricular Guidelines (BRASIL, 2002, 2013). For the formal discursive analysis of the statements of the course coordinators, uses the technique of Content Analysis (BARDIN, 1977). The results obtained show that the educational character of the Public Relationships praxis is directly related to its action ? the relationships can be educational acts ? and, potentialized by the humanistic reading, can promote the rethinking of the activity teaching in society. / O estudo apresenta a converg?ncia dos campos da comunica??o e da educa??o (MARTIN-BARBERO, 2014) para compreender a dimens?o de uma pr?tica profissional na sociedade. O tema ? a pr?xis (VAZQUEZ, 1977) de Rela??es P?blicas, sendo delimitado pela leitura humanista e pelo car?ter educativo, e parte do pressuposto de que o ensino da comunica??o pode configurar a atua??o profissional no campo. Al?m disso, a ?rea pode retratar um enlace entre os atos educativos e comunicacionais para a sociedade. O objetivo geral ? compreender as possibilidades de um car?ter educativo na pr?xis de Rela??es P?blicas, na perspectiva humanista da forma??o. O referencial te?rico abrange a dimens?o praxiol?gica do campo acad?mico e profissional, atrav?s da Sociologia de Bourdieu (1983, 1996, 1997, 2007), e reflete sobre as contribui??es da educa??o humanista, contemplado pelas no??es de reprodu??o da pr?tica humana (BOURDIEU; PASSERON, 2014), do ato educativo (CABANAS, 1995) e da forma??o human?stica (FREIRE, 2013). Al?m disso, discute diferentes vertentes te?ricas da pr?tica de Rela??es P?blicas: os estudos da excel?ncia (GRUNIG, 2003, 2011, 2013), a fun??o pol?tica (SIM?ES, 1995, 2001, 2009) e a teoria cr?tica e humanista (PERUZZO, 1986, 1998, 2013). Docentes da atividade, que exercem a coordena??o dos cursos de gradua??o em Rela??es P?blicas no Rio Grande do Sul, foram consultados por serem l?deres de opini?o. A estrat?gia metodol?gica adotada ? a hermen?utica em profundidade (THOMPSON, 1995) e, para atingir uma interpreta??o e reinterpreta??o, contextualiza a doxa pela legisla??o que regulamenta as Rela??es P?blicas. A an?lise s?cio-hist?rica do ensino de comunica??o (MOURA, 2007; OLIVEIRA, 2007) agrega-se aos Curr?culos M?nimos de 1969 a 1984, al?m das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (BRASIL, 2002, 2013). Para a an?lise formal discursiva dos depoimentos dos coordenadores de curso ? utilizada a t?cnica de an?lise de conte?do (BARDIN, 1977). Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o car?ter educativo da pr?xis de Rela??es P?blicas est? diretamente relacionado com a sua atua??o ? os relacionamentos podem ser atos educativos ? e, potencializado pela leitura humanista, podem promover um repensar do ensino da atividade na sociedade.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-23T14:47:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ArtemilsonAlvesDeLima_TESE.pdf: 13298718 bytes, checksum: 5a2088f1ed0bb39c2b92533e566bf9ce (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-25T13:54:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ArtemilsonAlvesDeLima_TESE.pdf: 13298718 bytes, checksum: 5a2088f1ed0bb39c2b92533e566bf9ce (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-25T13:54:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ArtemilsonAlvesDeLima_TESE.pdf: 13298718 bytes, checksum: 5a2088f1ed0bb39c2b92533e566bf9ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-06 / A contracultura ? conhecida como um fen?meno da segunda metade do s?culo XX. Suas origens remontam ao final da d?cada de 1940, com os ?uivos? da gera??o beat, cuja visibilidade come?a na d?cada de 1950. Todavia, o que se considera como sendo o estouro desse fen?meno acontece, de fato, durante os anos de 1960, tendo, como principal vitrine, o Maio de 1968 na Fran?a, com desdobramentos na segunda metade da d?cada de 1960 e durante a d?cada de 1970, em alguns pa?ses da Europa e nos EUA, com a explos?o do rock?in roll e do movimento hippie, influenciando gera??es de jovens no mundo inteiro. No Brasil, alcan?a seu auge na d?cada de 1970, com repercuss?es na d?cada de 1980. Em ambos os contextos, a contracultura valeu-se da arte e da literatura, nas quais encontrou o ambiente mais f?rtil de express?o. Esta tese versa sobre alguns aspectos do ativismo intelectual e art?stico em Natal, na d?cada de 1980, como um fen?meno que se insere no contexto da express?o contracultural. Na constru??o de seu arcabou?o te?rico, toma-se como principal refer?ncia o conceito de contracultura em Roszack (1972), para quem a contracultura foi uma forma de contestar a racionaliza??o da sociedade tecnocrata que se consolida depois da Segunda Guerra Mundial, apresentando como tra?o mais marcante a excessiva racionalidade das rela??es econ?micas e socioculturais, em todos os ?mbitos da vida, nas Sociedades Ocidentais. Tamb?m se ancora, teoricamente, nos postulados de Goffman e Joy (2007), que reconhecem o per?odo acima referenciado como o mais significativo, embora optem por analisar a contracultura como um fen?meno pr?prio da cultura, independentemente do tempo e do espa?o e deem prefer?ncia ao uso do termo ?contraculturas? para designar as in?meras experi?ncias de contesta??o e de nega??o ?s estruturas do establishment, em diversas experi?ncias hist?ricas, chegando mesmo a consider?-las como uma tradi??o de ruptura. A narrativa das express?es contraculturais na cidade de Natal, na d?cada de 1980, procura trazer ? luz algumas manifesta??es da contracultura, quem eram os sujeitos que as protagonizaram, como estes se expressavam e interagiam, enfim quais os grupos de artistas que fizeram parte dessas manifesta??es na cidade de Natal durante a d?cada de 1980. Para isso, recorreu-se ? pesquisa ivestigativa, fazendo ancoragem em parte significativa da produ??o art?stica e liter?ria de alguns desses sujeitos, tanto aqueles de representa??o individual quanto aqueles que compunham/representavam um coletivo, situados, todos eles, no circuito contracultural da cidade, no per?odo em destaque. Numa complementa??o necess?ria, ainda se apoia na concep??o moriniana de acontecimento-de-car?ter-modificador (MORIN, 2005), para narrar como essa experi?ncia da contracultura constituiu-se em um fen?meno que incorpora a busca de express?o de uma cultura-revolta (KRISTEVA, 2000). Al?m do mais, tamb?m adota, como centralidade te?rica, a no??o sloterdjikiana da antropot?cnica, a partir da met?fora da escalada do monte improv?vel da cultura pelo estabelecimento das tens?es verticais (SLOTERDJIK, 2013). Tomando-se, em particular, a narrativa da experi?ncia contracultural natalense, no per?odo focalizado, conclui-se, em car?ter provis?rio, que tal experi?ncia pode, com legitimidade, ser considerada como uma manifesta??o contracultural e, n?o obstante ? como tantas outras em diferentes lugares ?, faz parte de um movimento de transforma??o da cultura, que se pode situar nos marcos das teses defendidas pelos autores, isto ?, como acontecimento-de-car?ter-modificador, vez que constitui parte de uma cultura-revolta que pode ser compreendida ? luz do processo de ressubjetiva??o dos sujeitos em seu exerc?cio de ascese individual, que acaba por determinar as transforma??es na cultura. / The counterculture is known as a phenomenon of the second half of the twentieth century. Its origins date back to the late 1940s, with the "howls" of the beat generation, whose visibility began in the 1950s. But what is considered to be the overflow of this phenomenon, which takes place during the 1960s, the main showcase, the May 1968 in France, unfolding in the second half of the 1960s in the 1970s in some countries of Europe and the USA, with the explosion of rock'in roll and hippie movement, influencing generations of young people In the whole world. In Brazil, the counterculture had its culmination in the 1970s, with repercussions in the 1980s. In both contexts, the counterculture made use of art and literature, where it found the most fertile environment of expression. This thesis deals with some aspects of intellectual and artistic activism in Natal, in the 1980s, as a phenomenon that is inserted in the context of countercultural expression. I took as a main reference the concept of counterculture in Roszack (1972), for whom the counterculture was the form of contestation to the rationalization of the technocratic society that consolidates after the Second World War, whose main feature is the excessive rationality of economic and socio-cultural relations in all spheres of life in Western societies, and also in Goffman and Joy (2007), who recognize the period referred to above as the most significant; However, they choose to analyze counterculture as a culture-specific phenomenon, regardless of time and space, and use the term "countercultures" to denote the innumerable experiences of contestation and denial of establishment structures in various historical experiences. consider it a tradition of rupture. The narrative of countercultural expressions in the city of Natal in the 1980s seeks to bring to light some manifestations of the counterculture, who were the subjects, as expressed and interacted with the groups of artists who were part of the counterculture in the city of Natal during the decade 1980. To this end, research is used, making an anchorage in a significant part of the artistic and literary production of some subjects represented by the individual, as well as by the collective, located in the countercultural circuit of the city in the period in focus. It is based on Morin's conception of a character-event-modifier (Morin, 2005), to narrate how this experience of the counterculture constitutes a phenomenon that incorporates the search for expression of a culture-revolt (KRISTEVA, 2000). Also adopts as theoretical centrality the sloterdjikian notion of anthropotechnician, from the metaphor of improbable mountain climbing of the culture by the establishment of vertical tensions Sloterdjik (2013). As a narrative of the countercultural experience in the Focal Period, he tentatively concludes that such an experience can legitimately be regarded as a counter-cultural manifestation, and yet, like so many others in different places, it is part of a movement of transformation of culture, which we can situate within the framework of the theses defended by the authors, that is, as a character-event-modifier, is part of a culture-revolt that can be understood in the light of the resubjectivation process of the subjects in their exercise of individual asceticism, which ultimately determines the transformations in culture.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-12-11T10:18:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 476702 - Texto Completo.pdf: 850858 bytes, checksum: 2dea0414a021ac0c2425f3dc6bfce76a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-11T10:18:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 476702 - Texto Completo.pdf: 850858 bytes, checksum: 2dea0414a021ac0c2425f3dc6bfce76a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-07 / This study aims to present John Greco?s agent reliabilism. Acknowledging the difficulties faced by Goldman?s process reliabilism when it makes reliability the locus of justification, Greco attempts to fix this theory by ficusing on agent?s reliability rather than on reliability of the belief-forming processes, faculties, or dispositions they employ. In order to do so, Greco explores an ?intellectual virtue? notion introduced in contemporary epistemology by Renest Sosa in his article ?The Raft and the Pyramid?. This criterion proposed by Greco, besides being externalist, admits intuitions that are cherished by internalists and includes, therefore, responsibilist view of virtue ? therefore making it a weak externalist theory. However, while Greco tries to rescue the process reliabilism theory from its problems, the agent reliabilism criterion doesn?t seem not to be free from criticism. Our purpose is twofold: first, to understand Greco?s initial motivation to propose such a criterion instead of following process reliabilism?s directions; and secondly, to understand how agent reliabilism tries to satisfy intuitions that are important to internalism. / Este trabalho se prop?e a apresentar o confiabilismo do agente (agent reliabilism) proposto por John Greco. Vendo as dificuldades enfrentadas pela teoria do confiabilismo processual por fazer da confiabilidade do processo formador de cren?a o lugar da justifica??o, Greco tenta remediar esta teoria, avaliando a confiabilidade de agentes ao inv?s de avaliar a confiabilidade dos processos, faculdades ou disposi??es que eles empregam. Com este objetivo, Greco explora a no??o de ?virtude intelectual? introduzida na epistemologia contempor?nea por Ernest Sosa, em seu artigo ?The Raft and the Pyramid?. Este crit?rio proposto por Greco, al?m de ser externalista, acolhe intui??es que s?o caras ao internalismo e contempla, portanto, o ponto de vista do responsabilismo da virtude ? tornando-se por esta raz?o um crit?rio de car?ter externalista fraco. No entanto, embora ele tente resgatar a teoria do confiabilismo processual de seus impasses, o crit?rio do confiabilismo do agente n?o parece estar livre de cr?ticas. Procuraremos entender a motiva??o inicial de Greco ao propor um crit?rio deste tipo em vez de seguir na dire??o da teoria do confiabilismo processual, e tamb?m entender como o confiabilismo do agente tenta contemplar intui??es que s?o importantes ao internalismo.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-03-20T16:46:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MarieleIaraSoaresDeMello_TESE.pdf: 16812894 bytes, checksum: 6e77a9036a1ea3feab8abf3d2004dd63 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-03-22T11:29:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MarieleIaraSoaresDeMello_TESE.pdf: 16812894 bytes, checksum: 6e77a9036a1ea3feab8abf3d2004dd63 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-22T11:29:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarieleIaraSoaresDeMello_TESE.pdf: 16812894 bytes, checksum: 6e77a9036a1ea3feab8abf3d2004dd63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-10 / Estudos de catalisadores utilizados em rea??es para a produ??o de combust?veis alternativos, como a S?ntese de Fischer-Tropsch (SFT) e a S?ntese do Metanol via Hidrogena??o de CO2 foram realizados. O efeito da natureza qu?mica do ?xido do suporte sobre o desempenho de catalisadores de cobalto para a rea??o de Fischer-Tropsch foi investigado e uma s?rie de suportes foram sintetizados por meio de uma cobertura em monocamada da ?-Al2O3 com v?rios ?xidos representativos de uma ampla gama de car?ter ?cido-b?sico de Lewis, os quais foram caracterizados por espectroscopia de UV-Vis acoplado com adsor??o de alizarina. Foi poss?vel preparar catalisadores modelos com tamanho de part?culas de Co e porosidades semelhantes, possibilitando o estudo do efeito do suporte, sem sobreposi??o de fatores de difus?o ou tamanho de part?cula. A seletividade de hidrocarbonetos C13+ mostrou depend?ncia do tipo Volcano, com um m?ximo em um car?ter ?cido-base intermedi?rio. A localiza??o das nanopart?culas (NPs) das fases ativas no interior dos canais mesoporosos e o efeito de promo??o do ZrO2 nas propriedades e no desempenho catal?tico dos catalisadores na S?ntese de Metanol via Hidrogena??o de CO2 foi estudado. Tr?s m?todos de co-precipita??o foram empregados para estudar a inser??o das NPs no interior dos mesoporos do suporte. Os m?todos utilizados, ao contr?rio do m?todo de impregna??o a volume de poro convencional, se mostraram como uma forma simples e eficaz de localizar as nanopart?culas de Cu e dos promotores ZnO e ZrO2 nos mesoporos do suporte SBA-15, bem como um efeito positivo nos catalisadores com a incorpora??o do promotor ZrO2. De forma geral, a incorpora??o de ZrO2 mostrou-se eficaz na melhoria da dispers?o e localiza??o das nanopart?culas de Cu e, portanto, maior grau de intera??o do Cu0 com os promotores ZnO e ZrO2. Efeitos de localiza??o e de promo??o do ZrO2 contribuem para a produ??o de catalisadores mais ativos e seletivos para esta rea??o. / Several studies of catalysts used in reactions for the production of energy fuels, such as Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) and Methanol Synthesis from CO2 were done. The chemical nature effect of the oxide support on the performance of Cobalt Fischer?Tropsch catalysts was investigated. A series of supports were synthesized via monolayer coverage of porous ?-Al2O3 with various representative oxides from a wide range of Lewis acid?base character, which were characterized by UV?VIS spectroscopy coupled to alizarin adsorption. It was possible to obtain model catalysts with Co particle size and porosity alike, allowing to study the effect of the support without overlapping diffusion factors or particle size. C13+ hydrocarbon selectivity showed volcano-type dependence, with a maximum of intermediate acid-base character. The the nanoparticles of Cu/ZnO/ZnO2 confinement and the promoter effect on the properties and ZrO2 was studied in the context of the catalysts performance in Methanol synthesis via Hydrogenation of CO2. Three co-precipitation methods were chosen to study the nanoparticles confinement in the mesopores. The methods used, unlike the conventional pore volume impregnation method, showed a simple and effective way to confine the Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 NPs in the mesopores of the supporting SBA-15, as well as a positive effect in catalytic converters with the ZrO2 promoter incorporation. In general, the ZrO2 incorporation was effective in improving the dispersion and confinement of Cu NPs and, therefore, a greater Cu0 interaction with ZnO and ZrO2 promoters. Effects of confinement and promotion contributed to the production of more active and selective catalysts for this reaction.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:12:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JosePHAF.pdf: 613775 bytes, checksum: 500ca085d0a5196e25de544aae9fb977 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-22 / Unfortunately, the Brazilian politics has been characterized by lack of ethics. In a few exceptions, our representatives often behave in the exercise of power as if they were there to care for their own interests and not public affairs. Despite the dissatisfaction that the situation seems to trigger to society, the electorate does not get to transform their anger into effective gesture in order to withdraw from the public setting people who can not fulfill their mandate at the polls. Instead, the re-election of bad politicians has become commonplace fact. In this study, we proposed to discuss the matter in light of traditional philosophical theories, by selecting exponents of ethical thought from the Ancient Period to the Modern. We put special emphasis on behalf of amorality in Florentine thinker's ideas, to Machiavelli s political doctrine. / Lamentavelmente, a pol?tica brasileira caracteriza-se pela falta de ?tica. Ressalvadas algumas poucas exce??es, nossos representantes costumam comportar-se no exerc?cio do poder como se ali estivessem para cuidar dos pr?prios interesses e n?o da coisa p?blica. A despeito da insatisfa??o que a situa??o parece provocar junto ? boa parte da sociedade, o eleitorado n?o consegue transformar sua indigna??o em gesto efetivo no sentido de retirar da cena p?blica pessoas que n?o sabem honrar o mandato recebido nas urnas. Pelo contr?rio, a reelei??o de maus pol?ticos tornou-se fato corriqueiro. Neste estudo, propusemo-nos a discutir o assunto ? luz das teorias filos?ficas tradicionais, selecionando expoentes do pensamento ?tico do Per?odo Antigo at? o Moderno. Dedicamos especial ?nfase, por conta do amoralismo presente nas ideias do pensador florentino, ? doutrina pol?tica de Maquiavel.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-17T13:08:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CrislaneDeSouzaSantos_TESE.pdf: 859033 bytes, checksum: 6c4933c54ee1e77f0ea6be3839fc13c1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-18T14:28:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CrislaneDeSouzaSantos_TESE.pdf: 859033 bytes, checksum: 6c4933c54ee1e77f0ea6be3839fc13c1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-18T14:28:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CrislaneDeSouzaSantos_TESE.pdf: 859033 bytes, checksum: 6c4933c54ee1e77f0ea6be3839fc13c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A evid?ncia observacional da expans?o acelerada do Universo tem sido a principal raz?o para uma revis?o da evolu??o cosmol?gica como previsto pela Relatividade Geral (RG). Atualmente existe duas principais abordagens para resolver este problema: pela introdu??o nas equa??es de Einstein de um termo o qual representa um novo tipo de fluido (a chamada energia escura) possuindo caracter?sticas ex?ticas ou pela modifica??o da teoria de gravita??o. Nesta tese n?s focamos na segunda abordagem, particularmente, as teorias conhecidas como teorias f(R) de gravidade as quais t?m recebido muita aten??o nos ?ltimos anos. Neste contexto, a equa??o de Raychaudhuri permite examinar a estrutura do espa?o-tempo como um todo sem solu??es espec?ficas das equa??es de Einstein, desempenhando assim um papel central para a compreens?o da atra??o gravitacional em Astrof?sica e Cosmologia. Na teoria da Relatividade Geral sem uma constante cosmol?gica, uma contribui??o n?o-positiva da geometria do espa?o-tempo a equa??o de Raychaudhuri ? usualmente interpretada como a manifesta??o do car?ter atrativo da gravidade. Neste caso, condi??es de energia espec?ficas - de fato a condi??o de energia forte - deve ser assumida, a fim de garantir o car?cter atrativo. No contexto das teorias f(R) de gravidade, no entanto, mesmo assumindo as condi??es de energia usuais pode-se ter uma contribui??o positiva para a equa??o de Raychaudhuri. Al?m de nos fornecer uma maneira simples de explicar a observada expans?o acelerada do Universo, este fato abre a possibilidade de um car?ter repulsivo deste tipo de gravidade. Nesta tese n?s abordamos o car?cter atrativo/n?o-atrativo da gravidade f(R) ? luz da equa??o de Raychaudhuri e fazemos uso da condi??o de energia forte, juntamente com estimativas recentes dos par?metros cosmogr?ficos, para colocar limites em uma classe paradigm?tica de teorias f(R) de gravidade. / The observational evidence of the accelerated expansion of the Universe has been the main reason for a revision of the cosmological evolution as predicted by General Relativity (GR). Currently there are two main approaches to solving this problem: by introducing in the Einstein?s equations a term which represent a new kind of fluid (the so-called dark energy possessing exotic features) or by the modification of the gravitation theory. In this thesis we focus on the second approach, particularly the theories know as f(R) theories of gravity, which have received many attention in the last years. In this framework, the Raychaudhuri equation makes possible to examine the whole of spacetime structures without specific solutions of Einstein?s equations, playing so a central role to the understanding of gravitational attraction in Astrophysics and Cosmology. In the general relativity theory of gravity without a cosmological constant, a non-positive contribution from the spacetime to Raychaudhuri?s equation is usually interpreted as manifestation of the attractive character of gravity. In this case, particular energy conditions - indeed the strong energy condition - must be assumed in order to guarantee this attractive character. In the context of f(R) theories of gravity however, even assuming the usual energy conditions we may have a positive contribution to Raychaudhuri?s equation. Besides giving us a simple way to explain the observed accelerated expansion of the Universe, this fact opens the possibility of a repulsive character of this kind of gravity. In this thesis we address the attractive/non-attractive character of f(R) theories of gravity at the light of Raychaudhuri?s equation and make use of the strong energy condition, jointly with recent estimated values for the cosmographic parameters, in order to put bounds on a paradigmatic class of f(R) theories of gravity.