Esta pesquisa focaliza a produção do analista austro-húngaro Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957) voltada para o tema dos cuidados na primeira infância. Ela visa, em última instância, contribuir para aprofundar o conhecimento e a discussão a respeito das ideias de Reich no universo da pesquisa acadêmica. Com esse intuito, efetuamos um trabalho de articulação (aproximações e distanciamentos) entre as formulações de Reich e as do psicanalista inglês Donald Woods Winnicott (1896-1971), uma vez que o analista inglês se dedicou intensamente ao assunto cuidados na primeira infância. De início, realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico para identificar investigações endereçadas, de alguma forma, ao pareamento entre as ideias de Reich e Winnicott. A partir do material encontrado e do estudo das abordagens de Reich e Winnicott, elegemos quatro eixos de análise: a) potencial humano; b) o ambiente: responsáveis, funções e condições; c) concepção de saúde e o saber singular e d) possíveis efeitos das falhas nos primeiros cuidados. Em termos de resultados, algumas linhas de convergência entre as ideias de Reich e Winnicott foram sugeridas. Ressaltamos, nesse domínio, uma possível aproximação entre as noções de contato substituto (Reich) e falso-self (Winnicott). Por outro lado, distanciamentos também se fizeram presentes. Por exemplo, o psicanalista inglês procurou traçar os caminhos pelos quais, com base nas falhas nos cuidados iniciais, determinada psicopatologia poderia ser gerada. Já Reich abordou o assunto com uma orientação mais geral, sempre apontando os prejuízos globais ao organismo decorrentes de falhas nos primeiros cuidados / This research focuses on the production of the Austro-Hungarian psychoanalyst Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957) with respect to the early childhood care. Primarily, it intends to help to deepen the knowledge of, and discussion on, Reichs ideas in the academic research universe. With this purpose, we conducted a work of articulation (proximities and distances) between Reichs formulations and those of the English psychoanalyst Donald Woods Winnicott (1896-1971), considering that Winnicott intensively studied the early childhood care. Initially, we conducted a bibliographic survey to identify investigations in any manner intending to establish a parallel between Reichs and Winnicotts ideas. Based on the material found and the study of Reichs and Winnicotts approaches, we elected four axes of analysis: a) human potential; b) the environment: persons responsible, functions and conditions; c) the conception of health and the singular knowledge, and d) possible effects of failures in the early childhood care. In the results, some lines of convergence between Reichs and Winnicotts ideas were suggested. In this regard, we point out a possible proximity between the notions of substitute contact (Reich) and fake self (Winnicott). On the other hand, distances were also found. For instance, Winnicott attempted to trace back the paths by which, based on such early caregiving failures, a certain psychopathology might be generated. Reich, instead, addressed the matter through a more general approach, always stressing the general harms resulting from early caregiving failures

The purpose of this research was to explore parenting strategies in cultural transmission of participating Muslim Moroccans immigrant parents residing in two areas of Quebec using a qualitative approach. In particular, this study highlighted the childrearing choices as the parents attempted to pass on their culture to the next generations in a cultural conflict context. Through focus group and semi-structure interviews, this study explored the participants' perceptions regarding their immigration struggles while providing an insider's view on their childrearing strategies in acculturation context. Three findings were made based on the analysed data as 1) identity ensuring cultural transmission; 2) cultural transmission strategies, and 3) culture integration strategies in sampled Muslim-Moroccan immigrant parents. The first finding of this study is that religious identity was ensured in cultural transmission in the sampled Muslim Moroccan immigrant parents living in a secular society. The religious identity was constructed through the parents’ connection and association with the Moroccan community, and their identity primacy of religion was over their ethnicity. Secondly, this study identified five strategies of cultural transmission used by the Moroccan participants to tackle the challenges from the host culture, which included cultural transmission within the family, transmitting culture values as a part of cultural transmission, ensuring their children attended Muslim schools, ensuring strong connections with the country of origin, and monitoring their children socialisation to limt the perceived threat to their cultural heritage from the host society. The third and final finding is about the biculturalism, secularization as adaptation and acculturation in culture integration strategies. The participating Muslim-Moroccan parents were attempting to face the host society challenges with limited openness and integration strategies. The culture integration strategies of the participants included their biculturalism strategies, their secularization as a form of adaptation, and their acculturation strategies. The implications of this study to future research, intervention strategies, and training or education of social workers were given at the end of this thesis. / Cette recherche, de type qualitative, a examiné comment des parents Marocains qui s’identifient majoritairement comme musulmans pratiquants et résidant dans deux régions du Québec, préservent et transmettent leurs valeurs culturelles à leurs enfants. En particulier, cette étude a mis en évidence leurs choix de stratégies d'éducation dans un contexte de conflit culturel. Les perceptions des participants ont été explorées par le biais de deux méthodes de collectes de données : des groupes de discussion ainsi que des entrevues semi-structurées. Les données de cette recherche ont identifiés trois aspects : 1) l'identité et les valeurs culturelles qu’ils souhaitent transmettent ; 2) Les stratégies de transmission culturelle, et 3) les stratégies d'intégration culturelle de ce groupe de parents Marocains. D’abord ces parents se donnent comme objectif prioritaire d’assurer la transmission de l'identité religieuse comme processus de base de la transmission culturelle. Le renforcement de l’identité religieuse auprès des enfants passe par la connexion et l'association des parents avec la communauté marocaine. Ainsi l’identité musulmane est perçue plus importante que l’appartenance ethnique. En second lieu, cette étude a mis en évidence cinq stratégies de transmission culturelle afin de relever les défis de conflits avec la culture d'accueil. Ces stratégies comprenaient des modes de transmission au sein même de la famille ; la transmission des valeurs en tant que partie intégrante de la transmission culturelle ; la fréquentation d’écoles musulmanes ; le maintien de liens étroits avec le pays d'origine ; et enfin,des méthodes qui contrôlent la socialisation de leurs enfants avec l’environnement externe, étant donné que ces parents perçoivent certaines valeurs et pratiques de la société d'accueil comme potentiellement menaçante. La troisième constatation de cette étude porte sur le biculturalisme et la sécularisation comme stratégies d’adaptation culturelle. En effet, les parents participants ont tenté de faire face aux défis d’adaptation à la société d'accueil par le biais de certaines stratégies d'ouverture et d'intégration, quoique relativement limitées. Enfin en guise de conclusion, des implications pour les recherches futures, les stratégies d'intervention ainsi que pour la formation ou l'éducation des travailleurs sociaux ont été identifiées

The purpose of this research was to explore the life of single-mothers raising boys. The focus of this research was to provide information of life experiences for women who raised sons by themselves. The study also showed effects of divorce on single-mothers, pointed out experiences specific to raising boys, and looked at the issue of support. The study involved interviewing divorced single-mothers with standard, open-ended questions about raising boys. The questions discussed such issues as their relationships with their sons, and what types of support, if any, they had while they raised their sons. Participants included single-mothers who had not remarried, who were college graduates and whose language of communication was English. The interviews were then recorded and transcribed. The findings indicate that support to the mother does matter. The majority of the mothers interviewed had support for themselves and for their child. In most of the cases where support was offered, the primary figure was another female. In two-thirds of the cases, the other adult support figure was the grandmother. In one other case, it was the mother's daughter. Much of the literature states that outcomes on the lives of boys raised by single divorced mothers should be heavily impacted by problems in their lives (Amato & Keith, 1991). The 6 boys of the mothers interviewed here were not. While 4 of the mothers also had girls, certain issues were specific to raising boys. While 3 of the boys were young, 3 were over the age of 18 and their lives had not followed the prevailing research. This study indicated that for this particular group of single-mothers, support from others, determination and hard work on the part of the mothers, have made a difference in the lives of their sons. By providing support to the mother, support was made available to the son.

The paper analyzes the most current family changes in modern Turkish society, occurring during the last 35 years. The author identifies the trends of Turkish family development, revealing changes of family structure, socio-gender relations between its members and traditional family values. The paper provides the analysis of developments of marriage and divorce, socio-gender roles and responsibilities, family planning and gender issues in childrearing and education. / Работа посвящена анализу наиболее актуальных изменений, происходящих в современной турецкой семье в последние 35 лет. Автор выявляет тенденции развития турецкой семьи, раскрывая изменения в структуре турецкой семьи, в социогендерном положении ее членов и семейных традициях и ценностях. В работе представлен анализ изменений, произошедших в заключении брака и бракоразводном процессе, в распределении гендерных ролей и обязанностей в семье, в планировании семьи и гендерных аспектах воспитания и образования детей.

No description available.