Past research has revealed that mental health practitioners experience challenging reactions in the course of their professional interactions with traumatized clients in the clinical work setting. The demands of caring, without commensurate replenishment, deplete the practitioners' empathy and produces forms of apathy and indifference towards the suffering of others, known as compassion fatigue. This quantitative, exploratory, cross sectional study examined the predictive relationships between compassion fatigue and work attitudes in primary care physicians located in West Africa. The etiological model of compassion fatigue and constructivist self-development theory (CSDT) formed the conceptual framework for examining clinician responses to trauma-related experiences in the clinical work environment. The main research question in this study was: How well does the level of compassion fatigue in practitioners predict their work attitudes in the clinical work setting? Survey data collected from 67 primary care physicians were analyzed using a linear regression modeling procedure. Results showed that practitioners' compassion fatigue was a statistically significant predictor of their work attitudes, F(1,65) = 7.78, p < .05, R-² = .107. Results also confirmed that compassion satisfaction moderated the effect of compassion fatigue in practitioners. The data revealed that higher levels of compassion satisfaction was related to more positive levels of attitudes toward work. This study provided empirical information regarding the predictive relationships between compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and work attitudes. The results can be used to promote social change by providing health-care leaders in developing countries information that supports the need for activities, services, and support programs that enhance compassion satisfaction in physicians, to improve work attitudes. Such programs would promote further social change by improving the physicians' well-being, and mitigating the effects of compassion fatigue.

Compassion fatigue (CF), also known as secondary traumatic stress (STS), impacts critical care nurses (CCN) through exposure to pain, suffering, and loss of those for whom they provide care and results in a reduction of compassion satisfaction (CS). High incidence of CF and turnover (TO) rates at the project site were identified among CCNs. The institution's CCN TO rate was at 81% in comparison to peers in other areas at 29%–35%. The practice-focused question asked whether leadership education on CF might ameliorate CF at the project site. The purpose of the Doctor of Nursing Practice project was to reduce the incidence of CF and TO among CCN through leadership education. Watson's theory of human caring was used as a framework. Two hundred twenty-nine CCNs completed the Professional Quality of Life survey that measures CS, STS, and burnout (BO). Comparison of 28 nursing leaders' pretest scores to posttest scores indicated a statistically significant improvement (z = -4.625, p < .001) and knowledge acquisition. BO and CF taken together explained 86% (adjusted R2 = .86) of the variance in CS (F [2, 227] = 691.33, p < .001). Identifying the nursing units with the highest CF scores and providing CF education to the leadership provides a path to reduce turnover and provide needed support to CCNs, a positive social change.

Many healthcare providers are at risk of compassion fatigue and burnout from prolonged occupational stress, which can adversely affect workers, patients, and the healthcare system. This qualitative research project inquired into eight female healthcare providers’ experiences of sustaining their own wellbeing. Participants (27 to 60 years old) engaged in semi-structured interviews and participant observation of a self-care activity. Themes were found relating to the variety of self-care strategies used, challenges and supports in the work context, and the important role of authenticity in health promotion practice. Self-care strategies included: social support, pacing, taking breaks, exercise, nutrition, emotional self-care, adapting self-care routines over time, goal setting and prioritization. Supports to wellbeing included: flexible scheduling, taking personal responsibility for wellness, workplace wellness programs, and positive relationships with supervisors, colleagues, friends and family. This arts-informed research project is presented in graphic novel form to enhance its accessibility.

Many healthcare providers are at risk of compassion fatigue and burnout from prolonged occupational stress, which can adversely affect workers, patients, and the healthcare system. This qualitative research project inquired into eight female healthcare providers’ experiences of sustaining their own wellbeing. Participants (27 to 60 years old) engaged in semi-structured interviews and participant observation of a self-care activity. Themes were found relating to the variety of self-care strategies used, challenges and supports in the work context, and the important role of authenticity in health promotion practice. Self-care strategies included: social support, pacing, taking breaks, exercise, nutrition, emotional self-care, adapting self-care routines over time, goal setting and prioritization. Supports to wellbeing included: flexible scheduling, taking personal responsibility for wellness, workplace wellness programs, and positive relationships with supervisors, colleagues, friends and family. This arts-informed research project is presented in graphic novel form to enhance its accessibility.

Past research has revealed that mental health practitioners experience challenging reactions in the course of their professional interactions with traumatized clients in the clinical work setting. The demands of caring, without commensurate replenishment, deplete the practitioners' empathy and produces forms of apathy and indifference towards the suffering of others, known as compassion fatigue. This quantitative, exploratory, cross sectional study examined the predictive relationships between compassion fatigue and work attitudes in primary care physicians located in West Africa. The etiological model of compassion fatigue and constructivist self-development theory (CSDT) formed the conceptual framework for examining clinician responses to trauma-related experiences in the clinical work environment. The main research question in this study was: How well does the level of compassion fatigue in practitioners predict their work attitudes in the clinical work setting? Survey data collected from 67 primary care physicians were analyzed using a linear regression modeling procedure. Results showed that practitioners' compassion fatigue was a statistically significant predictor of their work attitudes, F(1,65) = 7.78, p < .05, R² = .107. Results also confirmed that compassion satisfaction moderated the effect of compassion fatigue in practitioners. The data revealed that higher levels of compassion satisfaction was related to more positive levels of attitudes toward work. This study provided empirical information regarding the predictive relationships between compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and work attitudes. The results can be used to promote social change by providing health-care leaders in developing countries information that supports the need for activities, services, and support programs that enhance compassion satisfaction in physicians, to improve work attitudes. Such programs would promote further social change by improving the physicians' well-being, and mitigating the effects of compassion fatigue.

Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskor är genom sitt yrke utsatta för risken att drabbas av empatitrötthet, vilket innebär avsaknad av empatiskt engagemang. Den empatiska förmågan ses som en grundläggande del av omvårdnaden, men sjuksköterskor som regelbundet utsätts för situationer där det krävs ett högt empatiskt engagemang kan tillslut utveckla empatitrötthet. Det kan medföra svårigheter, som påverkar sjuksköterskans välbefinnande och förmåga att utföra arbete, och på sikt kan empatitrötthet leda till konsekvenser både för patienten, arbetsplatsen och organisationen i stort.  Syfte: Syftet var att sammanställa faktorer som har visat sig ha en koppling till empatitrötthet hos sjuksköterskor och således skulle kunna minska eller öka risken för utveckling av empatitrötthet.  Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på 10 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvantitativ ansats, samtliga studier utförda med mätinstrumentet ProQOL 5. Artikelsökning har genomförts i databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Studierna har genomgått kvalitetsgranskning och evidensgradering. Resultatet har analyserats genom deskriptiv analys. Resultat: Två huvudteman har presenterats i resultatet: Demografiska faktorer samt arbetsplatsrelaterade faktorer, varav fem demografiska faktorer och tre arbetsplatsrelaterade faktorer. I sex av studierna framgick det att sjuksköterskans utbildningsnivå kan påverka utvecklingen av såväl empatisk tillfredsställelse som empatitrötthet. I fem av studierna framgick det att stöd från chef och kollegor är en annan påverkande faktor.  Konklusion: Sjuksköterskor som känner stöd från sin chef och sina kollegor samt sjuksköterskor som vidareutbildar sig och/eller får utbildning på arbetsplatsen löper mindre risk att drabbas av empatitrötthet. Nyckelord: Empati, Empatisk tillfredsställelse, Empatitrötthet, Omvårdnad, Professionell livskvalitet, Sjuksköterska / Background: Through their profession, nurses are exposed to the risk of suffering from compassion fatigue, which means a lack of empathic commitment. The empathic ability is seen as a fundamental part of nursing, but nurses who are regularly exposed to situations where a high level of empathic commitment is required can eventually develop compassion fatigue. It can lead to difficulties which affect the nurse's well-being and ability to perform work-related tasks, and in the long run, compassion fatigue can lead to consequences for the patient, the workplace and the organization. Aim: The aim was to compile factors that have been shown to be linked to compassion fatigue in nurses and thus could reduce or increase the risk of developing compassion fatigue. Method: A literature review based on 10 scientific articles with a quantitative approach, all studies performed with the measuring instrument ProQOL 5. Article searches have been performed in the databases CINAHL and PubMed. The studies have undergone quality review and evidence grading. The result has been analyzed by descriptive analysis. Results: Two main themes have been presented in the results: demographic factors and workplace-related factors, of which five demographic factors and three workplace-related factors. In six of the studies, it was shown that the nurse's educational level can affect the development of both compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue. Five of the studies showed that support from managers and colleagues is another influencing factor. Conclusion: Nurses who feel supported by their manager and colleagues, as well as nurses who further their education and / or receive training in the workplace, are less likely to suffer from compassion fatigue. Keywords: Compassion fatigue, Compassion satisfaction, Empathy, Nurse, Nursing, Professional quality of life

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar att de personliga attributen och sociala förmågor hos en människa utgör grunden för medlidande. Medlidande handlar om att vårdaren har modet att själv offra någonting för att kunna ta hand om den lidande personen. Compassion energy ger mening i att vårda andra och uppstår när sjuksköterskan möter patienten på ett omsorgsfullt sätt med intentionen att lindra lidande. Upplever sjuksköterskan mycket medlidande till patienten kan compassion fatigue uppstå, som är en bristande förmåga att vårda andra. Syfte: Att redogöra för sjuksköterskors upplevelser av medlidande i vårdandet av patienter i livets slutskede. Metod: Kvalitativ systematisk litteraturstudie med tillämpning av beskrivande syntes av 10 artiklar. Resultat: Två teman identifierades; Att utmanas i vårdandet som sjuksköterska samt Att sjuksköterska och patient skapar en relation, med sammanlagt fyra tillhörande subteman. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor upplever både positiva och negativa upplevelser av medlidande, när de vårdar patienter i livets slutskede. Sjuksköterskors upplevelser både överensstämmer och avviker med patient- och anhörigas upplevelser. En del upplevelser går emot, samtidigt som andra upplevelser speglar det lagar, styrdokument och vårdvetenskaplig forskning redogör för som god vård. De negativa upplevelserna går att se som bidragande faktorer till lidande och compassion fatigue medan de positiva upplevelserna var bidragande för vårdgemenskap och compassion energy.

No description available.

Bakgrund: Empati är ett svårdefinierat begrepp som i denna litteraturstudie diskuteras utifrån olika synsätt. Empati beskrivs vara en förväntad färdighet hos en professionell sjuksköterska såväl som det beskrivs vara ett nödvändigt redskap för att sjuksköterskan ska kunna utöva personcentrerad vård. Fenomenet beskrivs ha olika grunder utifrån vem som gör försök att kartlägga det. Syfte: Att undersöka empatins betydelse för sjuksköterskan i den kliniska verksamheten. Metod: Studien är designad som en litteraturstudie baserad på 13 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Artiklarna har granskats och sedan analyserats utifrån en manifest innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i tre huvudkategorier: Barriärer för ett empatiskt bemötande, Empatins konsekvenser för sjuksköterskan och Hur det empatiska förhållningssättet integreras i kliniska verksamheten. Konklusion: En avsaknad av empati och/eller empatiskt bemötande kan leda till att vården organiseras utifrån New Public Management som kan bli skadlig för sjuksköte / Background: Empathy is a difficult concept to define, which in this literature study is discussed from different perspectives. Empathy is described as an expected skill of a professional nurse as well as it is described as a necessary tool for the nurse to be able to provide person-centered care. The phenomenon is described differently based on who is trying to describe it. Purpose: To investigate the importance of empathy for the nurse in clinical activities. Method: The study is designed as a literature study based on 13 scientific articles with qualitative approach. The articles have been reviewed and then analyzed based on a manifest content analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in three main categories: Barriers to empathetic response, the consequences of empathy for the nurse, and how the empathetic approach is integrated into clinical activities. Conclusion: A lack of empathy and/or empathetic treatment can lead to care being organized based on New Public Management that can be detrimental to the nurse and her experience of the profession as well as the ability to provide person-centered care.

Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskans yrke är präglat av stor arbetsbelastning, ett högt tempo och många olika arbetsuppgifter som oftast ska utföras under tidspress. Andelen akuta patienter ökar samtidigt som att resurser begränsas och effekten av detta har en direkt påverkan på sjuksköterskans psykiska hälsa.   Syfte: Syftet med litteraturöversikten är att belysa faktorer som orsakar psykisk ohälsa hos sjuksköterskor inom akutsjukvården.   Metod: En litteraturöversikt bestående av 10 vetenskapliga artiklar med kvantitativ forskningsmetodik. Artikelsökningen utfördes i databaserna Cinahl och Pubmed.   Resultat: Analysen resulterade i två huvudteman som visade sig påverka sjuksköterskans hälsa; dessa är Arbetsrelaterade faktorer och Psykosociala faktorer. Subteman är arbetsmiljö, ledarskap och organisation gällande huvudtemat arbetsrelaterade faktorer, trauma och lidanden, återhämtning samt stressorer vid huvudtemat psykosociala faktorer.   Konklusion: Genom kunskap om psykisk ohälsa samt utveckling av coping-strategier med förebyggande åtgärder kan en mer hälsosam och stödjande arbetsmiljö skapas för sjuksköterskor inom akutsjukvården. / Background: The nurse´s profession is characterized by a high workload, a high tempo and many different tasks that are usually performed under enormous time pressure. The proportion of acute patients increases drastically while the resources are limited and the effect of this has a direct impact on the nurse.    Purpose: The purpose of the litterature review is to highlight factors that causes mental illness in nurses in the emergency care.   Method: The litterature review consists of 10 scientific articles with quantitative researsh methodology. The article research was done in the databases CINAHL and PubMed.   Result: The analysis resulted in two main themes that were found to affect the nurse´s health, these are work-related factors and psychosocial factors. The subthemes are working enviroment, leadership and organization to the main theme of workrelated factors. Suffering and trauma, recovery and stressors regarding the main theme psychsocial factors. Conclusion: Through knowledge about mental illness and development of coping strategies with preventive measures, a healthier and more supportive working enviroment can be created for nurses in emergency care.