O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar a influência e impacto das políticas culturais no campo organizacional dos museus catarinenses, especialmente aquelas pautadas para a formação e capacitação dos agentes atuantes nesses equipamentos. Para tanto, pretende-se identificar e caracterizar as políticas culturais direcionadas aos museus e praticadas pelo governo do Estado de Santa Catarina, no período compreendido entre os anos 2011 a 2014, ocasião de implantação e execução do Programa de Capacitação Museológica (PCM). O PCM é um projeto de formação continuada em médio prazo e divide-se em sete módulos (oficinas) temáticos. Este programa, no período de sua gestação, teve o intuito de instrumentalizar os profissionais que desenvolvem trabalhos em instituições museológicas, porém ainda carecem de uma formação específica no campo da Museologia. Até o ano de 2014 foram executados seis módulos, sendo que cada um deles ofertados, paralelamente, em diferentes regiões museológicas catarinenses, e atendendo 155 museus em diferentes períodos. Fato de que a maioria dos museus catarinenses são instituições públicas vinculadas à composição administrativa do Estado ou das prefeituras municipais, cabe analisar a influência das políticas públicas no campo organizacional dos museus, assim como verificar os efeitos das capacitações do Sistema Estadual de Museus de Santa Catarina (SEM/SC), na estrutura, configuração do campo e capilaridade na execução deste tipo de projeto que são direcionados para o setor. / The present study aims to analyze the influence and impact of cultural policies on the organizational field of the museums of Santa Catarina, especially those guided to the training and qualification of the agents acting on these equipments. In order to do so, we intend to identify and characterize the cultural policies directed to museums and practiced by the government of the State of Santa Catarina, in the period from 2011 to 2014, occasion of the implementation and execution of the Programa de Capacitação Museológica (PCM). The PCM is a long-term continuing education project and is divided into seven thematic modules (workshops). This program, in the period of its gestation, had the intention of instrumentalizing the professionals who develop works in museums, but who still need a specific training in the field of museology. Until 2014, six modules were executed, each of which was offered in parallel in different regions of the state of Santa Catarina - and serving 155 museums in different periods. For the fact that most of Santa Catarina\'s museums are public institutions linked to the administrative composition of the state or municipalities, it is worth analyzing the influence of public policies on the organizational field of museums, as well as verifying the effects of the capacities of the State System of Museums of Santa Catarina (SSM/SC), in the structure, field configuration and capillarity on the execution of this type of project that are directed to the sector.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-30T13:53:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 lanarogeriadasilva.pdf: 788512 bytes, checksum: fe0c2e475d7adf4ccf8a12f595998561 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T15:57:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lanarogeriadasilva.pdf: 788512 bytes, checksum: fe0c2e475d7adf4ccf8a12f595998561 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T15:57:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lanarogeriadasilva.pdf: 788512 bytes, checksum: fe0c2e475d7adf4ccf8a12f595998561 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-23 / Este trabalho foi estimulado pela avaliação de uma política pública de formação de diretores escolares – o PROGESTÃO – e pela apropriação que a Superintendência Regional de Ensino Diamantina fez do Programa. Partiu-se da necessidade de focar nos resultados reais dessa capacitação e de propor melhorias nesse processo, tanto para a continuidade, quanto para um possível remodelamento de tal política. Os pressupostos da investigação consideram que aqueles que passassem pela capacitação assumiriam uma parcela de responsabilização, de maneira a pontuar melhorias nas escolas ligadas às funções de gestor escolar. Uma investigação ocorreu no intuito de observar esta relação, e, para tal, utilizou-se de entrevistas semiestruturadas na SRE, pois interessava saber qual o retorno do investimento feito nesses gestores. Os dados coletados evidenciaram que, não há um monitoramento desses gestores capacitados pelo PROGESTÃO, denotando certa fragilidade no processo. Para tanto, após a devida análise e reflexão, a proposição de um monitoramento, por determinado período de tempo, após o findar da capacitação oficial, ao diretor que realizar essa capacitação é a diretriz deste estudo, e que apresenta todos os envolvidos e os direcionamentos que precisam ser acionados para a continuidade da ação nos moldes da responsabilização, e no intuito de detectar melhorias e avanços em relação à gestão escolar. / This work was stimulated by the evaluation of a school principal’s formation policy – PROGESTÃO – and the appropriation of the project by the Superintendência Regional de Ensino de Diamantina (SRE). It starts from the need to focus in real results of this capacitation, and for suggesting improvements in the process, both for continuity and for a possible policy’s reshuffle. The investigation’s presuppositions consider that those who passed through the program would acquire some responsibility, being able to recommend improvements in school which are connected with school manager’s assignments. An investigation occurred in order to observe this relation, and for that, it was used semistructured interviews in SRE, because it was interesting to know which the results in response to the investment in these managers are. The collected data has demonstrated there is not any type of control of these capacitated managers by PROGESTÃO, showing weakness in the process. As a conclusion, after a due analysis and also considerations, the proposal of controlling, during a certain period of time, the capacitated principals as soon as the capacitation is finished is this study’s guideline, which presents all concerned and the directions that need to be followed to the continuity of the operation in the molds of responsibility, and in the intention to detect improvements and developments in school management.

This work is result of a study realized at the Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM), localized in central region of state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Considering the process of segregation of the healthcare service waste realized of correct and conscious way by professionals of the healthcare can contribute to the reduction of occupational accidents, aims to minimizing waste from the point of origin and increasing the quality and efficiency of services, was clarified capacitation needs for professionals in nursing of HUSM related to segregation process of these. The objective of this research was to develop a training program for nursing professionals of HUSM, from the diagnosis of the situation experienced in everyday life in relation to segregation of healthcare service waste. The research method used was characterized by a qualitative approach based on a case study involving professionals from three sectors of HUSM. It was realized a study descriptive and exploratory character, where we used the bibliographic and documentary analysis, observation participant in loco, and semi-structured interviews with professionals involved in the process. For better understanding of the topic were realized technical visits to two hospitals from RS State. The results showed that the nursing professionals interviewed in their entirety reported feeling need for capacitation referent to the segregation of the healthcare service waste. In this sense it was elaborated a proposal for capacitation and education regarding the segregation of the healthcare service waste for nursing professionals of HUSM. / Este trabalho é resultado de um estudo realizado no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria/ HUSM, situado na região central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul - RS. Considerando que o processo de segregação dos Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde (RSS) realizado de forma correta e consciente pelos profissionais da saúde pode contribuir na redução de acidentes de trabalho, visa à minimização dos resíduos desde o ponto de origem e eleva a qualidade e eficiência dos serviços prestados, foram esclarecidas as necessidades de capacitação para os profissionais de enfermagem do HUSM relacionados ao processo de segregação dos mesmos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi elaborar um programa de capacitação para os profissionais de enfermagem do HUSM, a partir do diagnóstico da situação vivenciada no dia a dia em relação ao processo de segregação dos RSS. O método de pesquisa utilizado caracterizou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa, pautada em um estudo de caso, envolvendo profissionais de três setores do HUSM. Foi realizado um estudo de caráter descritivo exploratório, onde se utilizou de análise documental e bibliográfica, observação participante in loco e entrevista semiestruturada com os profissionais envolvidos no processo. Para melhor compreensão do tema, foram realizadas visitas técnicas a dois hospitais do Estado do RS. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstraram que os profissionais de enfermagem entrevistados em sua totalidade, referiram sentir necessidade de capacitação referente à segregação de RSS. Nesse sentido foi elaborada uma proposta de capacitação e educação referente à segregação dos RSS para os profissionais de enfermagem do HUSM.

The aim of my thesis was to identify proteins involved in chemical communication and especially those that are involved in sexual signalling. Volatile chemical signals are transported with lipocalins in their beta-barrel structure to present their ligands to receptors or out of the body. Thus, I focused on the identification of these proteins in saliva and vaginal secretion of the house mouse using proteomic and transcriptomic approaches. Due to a cyclic manner of reproduction and its hormonal control, I have also focused on the role of estradiol on sperm phenotype in the laboratory mouse. We have identified an elevated sexual dimorphism in several lipocalins (i.e. 10 out of 20) in the saliva proteome where they may play a role in sexual signalling (i.e. similar to their described roles in the mouse urine). Interestingly, vaginal secretion also contains lipocalins and they rise from proestrus to estrus and remain steady during metestrus. Such variation provides evidence that they serve sexual signalling, however, due to their elevated levels during metestrus it is most likely that their ligands function as signals and not the proteins themselves. On the level of sperm phenotype, we have provided evidence, that experimental concentrations of estradiol have differential effects on sperm. This is due...

Fertilization is a unique biological event where male and female gametes fuse together to produce a new organism. Before the gametes are able to fuse, however, they must undergo a series of controlled changes. For the male gamete, capacitation and acrosome reaction (AR) must occur, which take place during the sperm migration through the female genital tract. Unfortunately, while the process of capacitation has been known for over half a century, the molecular basis and influential factors behind it are not fully understood. Although estrogens have been considered mainly female reproductive hormones, there is increasing evidence suggesting that these steroids have an important role also in regulation of male reproductive functions. Sperm come into the contact with estrogens during their formation in the male and female genital tract, indicating that the hormone may play an important role in sperm maturation. In this study, we examined the importance of three endogenous estrogens (E1 -estron, E2 - 17β estradiol, E3 - estriol) and one synthetic estrogen (EE2 - 17α ethinylestradiol) on sperm maturation during capacitation and AR. Stimulatory effect were observed with all tested estrogens on both capacitation and zona pellucida induced AR. Moreover, we have determinied that the stimulatory effect on...

There are an increasing amount of compounds in the environment that can have a negative effect on reproductive parameters in both male and female organism. There has been a worldwide decline of sperm quality during past decades and this fact lead to an increase of unnatural ways of conception through assisted reproduction techniques in the specialised centres. Natural estrogens are one of these compounds and they get into waste water after being excluded from the body by the urine. They get back into the human body from drinking water or from the food, and they can interfere with function of endogenous hormones in very low concentrations. For these reasons it is up to date to deal with the influence of these compounds on mammalian sperm. For many years, estrogens have been considered typically female sex hormones. It is now certain that they are also very important in the regulation of male reproduction. Endogenous estrogens in mammalian males are an important part of the endocrine system. Estrogens play an important role in the development of germ cells, spermatogenesis and processes leading to successful egg fertilization such as a capacitation or acrosomal reaction. Tyrosine phosphorylation is one of the essential steps for the properly ongoing process of capacitation in sperm followed by a...

Le spermatozoïde, afin d'être en mesure de féconder l'ovule, doit subir une série de modifications membranaires et biochimiques, regroupées sous le terme capacitation. De ces modifications, une augmentation de la phosphorylation en tyrosine de certaines protéines spermatiques spécifiques ainsi qu'une augmentation du Ca²⁺ intracellulaire sont observées. Il a été démontré que la phosphorylation sur résidu tyrosine associée à la capacitation des spermatozoïdes est sous le contrôle étroit du Ca²⁺, de la voie AMPc/PKA et des dérivés actifs de l'oxygène. De plus, il a été montré que la libération des réservoirs de Ca²⁺ par la thapsigargine, un inhibiteur spécifique des Ca²⁺ -ATPase du réticulum endoplasmique et sarcoplasmique (SERCA), pouvait provoquer l'augmentation de la phosphorylation en tyrosine et ce, dépendante des tyrosines kinases de la famille de src. Tous ces éléments suggèrent qu' il y a une Ca²⁺-ATPase sensible à la thapsigargine présente dans les spermatozoïdes permettant l'accumulation de Ca²⁺ dans les réservoirs et qu'au moins un membre de la famille de src dont l'activité est Ca²⁺ -dépendante est présente dans les spermatozoïdes. Dans un premier temps, j'ai identifié la Ca²⁺-ATPase SERCA2. C'est la première étude qui démontre que ce type de Ca²⁺ -ATPase est présente dans les spermatozoïdes de mammifères. La présence de SERCA2 au niveau de l'acrosome dans les spermatozoïdes humains, murins et bovins, suggère que cette Ca2+ -ATPase puisse contrôler la [Ca2+]i en accumulant le Ca²⁺ au niveau de l'acrosome. Puisque src est modulée positivement par le Ca²⁺, j'ai vérifié sa présence et son rôle dans les spermatozoïdes humains. Dans cette étude, j'ai clairement démontré que l'activité de src est Ca²⁺ dépendante et modulée positivement par la voie AMPc/PKA. De plus, la kinase src semble active tout au long de la capacitation et pourrait donc contribuer à l'augmentation de la phosphorylation associée à la capacitation. Enfin, j'ai tenté d' identifier des substrats de src par deux approches différentes. L'identification de ces protéines permettra de mieux comprendre le rôle de cette tyrosine kinase dans les fonctions Ca²⁺ -dépendantes du spermatozoïde.

Le spermatozoïde doit subir une série de modifications membranaires et biochimiques, nommée capacitation, lui permettant ainsi d'acquérir son pouvoir fécondant. La phosphorylation en tyrosine de certaines protéines spermatiques, observée durant la capacitation, fait partie des modifications que doit subir le spermatozoïde pour être en mesure de féconder l'ovule. Au cours des dernières années, plusieurs tyrosine kinases, les enzymes responsables de cette phosphorylation, ont été identifiées dans les spermatozoïdes de différents mammifères. Des études réalisées par l'utilisation d'inhibiteurs de ces enzymes ont démontré que les membres de la famille des src pouvaient être, en partie, responsables de l'élévation du contenu en phosphotyrosine lors de la capacitation. Il a donc été entrepris de détecter la présence des différents membres de cette famille dans les spermatozoïdes. Au cours de l'étude pour l'identification des tyrosine kinases de la famille des src dans le spermatozoïde, des isofolmes codant pour yes, lyn, lck et hck ont été identifiés. De plus, un isofonne tronqué de hck, nomlné hck-tr, a été identifié dans les cellules germinales haploïdes de taureau. Le but de ce projet de doctorat était donc de déterminer si la protéine hck et/ou son isoforme tronqué étaient impliqués dans la capacitation, réaction de l'acrosome et l'hyperactivité; processus menant à la fécondation. La première partie du projet avait pour objectif de confirmer la présence des ARNm encodant les isoformes de hck dans les cellules germinales et déterminer si la protéine correspondante était exprimée au niveau des spermatozoïdes matures. Les résultats obtenus ont permis de confirmer la présence des messagers identifiés et de montrer la présence, par l'utilisation d'anticorps spécifiques, des deux protéines dans les différentes cellules spermatogéniques. La caractérisation de ces isoformes a par la suite été entreprise permettant ainsi la localisation de hck -tr dans le testicule et le spermatozoïde bovin. La présence d'une forme active de la kinase pleine longueur a, quant à elle, été démontrée dans le testicule ainsi que dans les spermatozoïdes épididymaires et éjaculés. La dernière partie du projet consistait en la détermination des rôles potentiels que pouvaient avoir les isoformes de hck dans les événements menant à la fécondation. Hck-tr pourrait ainsi agir comme un inhibiteur puisque sa présence a provoqué une importante diminution de l'activité enzymatique de hck. Les résultats obtenus ont aussi permis d'identifier plusieurs protéines qui interagissaient spécifiquement avec hck, hck-tr ou les deux isoformes. Bien que certaines de ces protéines soient associées à des structures présentes dans la tête du spermatozoïde, la majorité des candidats identifiés sont retrouvés au niveau du flagelle. Cette étude permettra de mieux comprendre les implications de cette tyrosine kinase dans la phosphorylation en tyrosine observée durant la capacitation, la réaction de l'acrosome et l'hyperactivation du spermatozoïde

No description available.

Suite à l’éjaculation, les spermatozoïdes ne sont pas aptes à féconder un ovocyte. Ces derniers doivent subir une maturation dans le tractus génital femelle afin d’acquérir le pouvoir fécondant soit la capacitation. Bien qu’elle fût découverte depuis plus de soixante ans, les modifications protéiques de la surface de la membrane des spermatozoïdes ne sont toujours pas complètement élucidées. Particulièrement chez le cheval et le porc, l’étude des protéines de surface des spermatozoïdes lors de la capacitation aurait un impact direct sur l’amélioration des techniques de reproduction avancées. La présente étude a pour premier objectif d’abord d’établir les meilleures conditions afin de promouvoir et caractériser la capacitation des spermatozoïdes équins et porcins en condition in vitro. Le deuxième objectif est d’optimiser un protocole d’isolement de protéines de surface des spermatozoïdes en utilisant la biotinylation. La démarche est de rendre ce processus complètement imperméable afin d’étudier seulement les protéines de surface. / After ejaculation spermatozoa must undergo a maturation to be able to fertilize an oocyte. The collective events that lead to this capability are named capacitation. Although capacitation was first discovered more than sixty years ago, the events and regulation of this maturation are still not fully understood. Also, the equine and porcine species has several reproductive issues believed to be caused by defects in sperm capacitation. Thus, the study of stallion sperm surface protein modification during capacitation could help to ameliorate advanced reproductive technologies in the horse and the pig. The aim of the first study was to establish the best in vitro conditions to promote horse sperm capacitation and to characterize the sperm using different tests. Our second objective was to optimize a surface biotinylation protocol to prevent biotin labeling of internal sperm proteins in order to study the surface membrane protein changes during capacitation.