Darbe nagrinėjami asmens tapatumo ir tapatumo su šeima jausmo formavimosi ypatumai. Asmens tapatumas yra reikšmingas, nes jis nusako žmogaus vientisumą, įprasmina jo gyvenimo tikslus, padeda suvokti savo vietą pasaulyje, užtikrina buvimą pačiu savimi. Tyrimo tikslas - įvertinti vaikų namuose, savaitinėse grupėse ir pilnose šeimose augančių vaikų (5-7 m.) tapatumo su šeima jausmo formavimosi ypatumus. Atlikus tyrimą paaiškėjo, kad tapatumo su šeima jausmo formavimąsi lemia vaiko poreikis turėti tėvus. Nustatyta, kad tapatumo su šeima jausmui formuotis reikalingas emocinių ryšių suvokimas, kad „turiu kažką, ką galiu pavadinti šeima“. / The Paper analyses peculiarities of development personal identity and a feeling of person’s familial identity. Person’s identity has a great significance, because it describes personal integrity, gives sense to purposes in life, helps to perceive a place in the World and ensures your being yourself. The purpose of this research is to estimate peculiarities of development of a feeling of familial identity among children (5-7 years), growing in children’s homes, weekly groups and full families.The analysis has shown, that development of a feeling of familial identity is determined by a need of a child – to have parents. It was found, that in order to develop a feeling of familial identity, a perception of emotional relations, that “you have something you can call a family” is needed.

Analizuojama globos namuose gyvenančių paauglių adaptyvaus elgesio ugdymo(si) problema, kaip svarbi asmens pozityvų psichologinį ir socialinį prisitaikymą lemianti sąlyga. Pristatomas teoriškai pagrįstas ir praktiškai pritaikytas globos namuose gyvenančių paauglių kompleksinis adaptyvaus elgesio ugdymo(si) modelis, apimantis santykio su savimi, santykio su kitais žmonėmis, probleminių situacijų sprendimo ir prosocialaus, save įtvirtinančio elgesio socialinėse situacijose sritis. Pateikiami konstatuojamojo ir ugdomojo eksperimento statistiniai duomenys. Remiantis diagnostinio tyrimo duomenimis, lyginamuoju aspektu analizuojami paauglių iš globos namų ir pilnų šeimų adaptyvaus elgesio ypatumai bei skirtumai. Taip pat lyginami nevienodomis sąlygomis gyvenančių paauglių adaptyvaus elgesio duomenys lyties ir amžiaus aspektu. Analizuojama, kaip kinta globos namuose gyvenančių paauglių adaptyvus elgesys, taikant pedagoginio poveikio priemones. Nustatytos bei eksperimentiškai patikrintos šių paauglių adaptyvaus elgesio ugdymo(si) galimybės. Mokslinės literatūros analizės ir disertacinio tyrimo išvadų pagrindu parengtos rekomendacijos specialistams globos namuose gyvenančių paauglių adaptyviam elgesiui ugdyti(tis). / The problem of developing adaptive behavior in teenagers living in foster care homes as an important condition, determining positive psychological and social adaptation of an individual is analyzed within the thesis. A theoretically grounded and practically applied complex model of developing adaptive behavior in teenagers living in foster care homes is presented, involving the spheres of intrapersonal relations with oneself, interpersonal relations with other people, problem situation solution and pro-social behavior anchoring oneself in social situations. The statistic data of declarative and developmental experiments are presented. On the basis of the diagnostic research, peculiarities and differences of adaptive behavior in teenagers living in foster care homes and in complete families are analyzed in the comparative aspect. The data of adaptive behavior in teenagers living under different conditions are compared in the aspects of gender and age. The change of adaptive behavior in teenagers living in foster care homes is analyzed while applying measures of pedagogical impact. The prospects for developing adaptive behavior in these teenagers are determined and tested experimentally. On the ground of scientific literature analysis and the conclusions of dissertation research, recommendations were prepared for the specialists in order to develop adaptive behavior in teenagers living in foster care homes.

Lietuvoje kasmet tėvų globos netenka daugybė vaikų. Globos įstaigų auklėtiniams dažnai nustatomi emocijų sutrikimai, kuriuos lemia ydinga ankstyvoji emocinė raida. Emocinių sutrikimų turintys vaikai yra atsiriboję nuo kitų vaikų. Lietuvoje specializuota pagalba tokiems vaikams labai ribota. Vaikams turintiems emocinės sferos patologiją reikalinga specializuota pagalba, intensyvi įvairių specialistų. Vienas iš prevencijos ir socialinės pagalbos būdų - dailės terapija. Šio tyrimo tikslas ištirti globos namų 3-5 metų auklėtinių emocijų raišką taikant užsiėmimuose dailės terapijos būdus. Uždaviniai: išanalizuoti mokslinę literatūrą, susijusią su darbo tema; pateikti emocinių sutrikimų turinčių 3-5 metų vaikų pedagoginę ir psichologinę charakteristiką; išryškinti dailės terapijos būdų taikymo galimybes ugdant emocinių sutrikimų turinčius 3-5 metų vaikus; išsiaiškinti vaikų globos namų darbuotoju požiūrį į dailės terapijos naudingumą. Tyrimo objektas - 3-5 metų vaikų, ugdomų globos namuose, emocijų raiška taikant dailės terapijos būdus. Tyrimo metodai: Lietuvos švietimo dokumentų, pedagoginės, psichologinės, dailės terapijos literatūros studijavimas, veiklos tyrimas: stebėjimas, dokumentų (piešinių) analizė, kokybinė duomenų analizė, pusiau struktūruotas interviu. Veiklos tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad dailės terapijos būdų taikymas vaikams turintiems emocinių sutrikimų, gali padėti geriau pažinti save ir kitus, padėti išreikšti savo jausmus (taip pat ir negatyvius), ugdo asmenybės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Lots of children in Lithuania become orphans every year. Children living in care institutions often suffer from emotional disorders which are caused by faulty early emotional development. The children facing emotional disorders are distanced from other children. Any specialized aid for such children in Lithuania is very limited. Children with emotional sphere pathology are in great need of intensive specialized help of various specialists. Art therapy is one of preventive and social ways of help to such children. The aim of this research is to investigate the expression of emotions when the art therapy is applied to 3-5 years old children living in foster home. The main objectives of the research are to analyze the academic literature related to the topic of the research, to provide with pedagogical and psychological characteristics of the 3-5 years old children with emotional disorders, highlight the possibilities of art therapy application to the children and find out the opinion about the utility of the art therapy of people working in care institutions. The object of the research is the expression of emotions when the art therapy is applied to the 3-5 years old children living in foster home. The research methods encompass the study of documents related to education in Lithuania, pedagogical and psychological literature, the analysis of literature on art therapy. The investigation includes observation, analysis of documents (drawings), qualitative data analysis and a... [to full text]

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri--Columbia, 2002. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-96). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, Faculty of Medicine, 2001. / Typescript. Bibliography: leaves 127-132.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka i vilken utsträckning ungdomar, ur personalens perspektiv, har möjlighet att vara delaktiga i sin vårdplacering. För att uppnå detta syfte har 11 individuella intervjuer med behandlingspersonal samt verksamhetschefer på HVB utförts. Med utgångspunkt i intervjumaterialet har sedan en tematisk analys genomförts. Resultaten visar att personalen arbetar för att delaktiggöra ungdomarna, dock inom vissa uppsatta ramar. Resultatet visar även att personalen motiverar ungdomarna för att få med dem ”på tåget”. Vidare framkommer det att personalen ofta verkar vara under intrycket av att de gör ungdomarna mer delaktiga än resultatet visar. Den tematiska analysen kommer även att kopplas till Arnsteins delaktighetsstege (1969) samt Shiers delaktighetsstege (2001). / The purpose of this study is to investigate to what extent young people, from the staff’s perspectives, are able to participate in their care placement. In order to reach the purpose, 11 individual interviews with treatment staff and institution managers at residential care homes have been conducted. Based on the interview material, a thematic analysis has been implemented. The results show that the staff work to involve young people, though within certain set limits. The result also shows that the staff motivates the youngsters to bring them ”on the same track". Furthermore, it appears that the staff often seems to be under the impression that they make the young people more involved than the results show. The thematic analysis will also be related to Arnstein's participation ladder (1969) and Shier's participation ladder (2001).

The transition to a care home can be a difficult experience for older people, with various changes and losses, which can impact an older person’s sense of identity. However, it is not clear how older people perceive and manage their sense of identity within a care home, particularly in the United Kingdom. This study aimed to explore how the transition to a care home impacted on the identities of care home residents, and how they addressed this impact. Findings were interpreted using the Social Identity Perspective (SIP), which postulates that people strive to maintain a positive identity. Identities are composed of a personal identity (relating to personality traits), and a social identity (relating to group membership). SIP can help to interpret the symbolic nature of interactions and experiences, although to date has been infrequently used in care home based research. This study used a case study approach with qualitative methods. Cases of three care homes were purposefully sampled within Greater Manchester. Residents, relatives, and care home staff were asked to participate. Semi-structured interviews with 18 participants (nine residents; four relatives; five staff), and approximately 260 hours of observations were conducted over one year. Data were analysed using Framework Analysis. Results revealed five overlapping themes: 1) Social comparison; 2) Frustration; 3) Independence and autonomy; 4) Personal identity vs. Care home; 5) Ageing and Changing. Overall, the transition to a care home had a negative effect on residents’ identities, due to organisational restrictions and associations with cognitively impaired older people. In order to forge a positive identity, residents without dementia aimed to distance themselves from residents with dementia, whom they perceived negatively. To achieve this distance, residents without dementia engaged in social comparison, by emphasising their comparatively superior cognitive abilities and physical independence. Symptomatic behaviours of residents with dementia also caused frustrations amongst staff and other residents. Furthermore, differing expectations of the care environment caused frustrations between residents, relatives, and staff. Most routines and restrictions made it difficult for residents to express their personalities. Although staff aimed to incorporate residents’ individuality into care, they often reported feeling restricted by a lack of staffing and resources. Additionally, residents considered the physical impact of ageing to alter their established sense of identity. However, the care home further undermined residents’ identities, particularly in relation to their independence and autonomy, which were important elements of their personal identities. Residents’ perceptions of what counted as independence changed in light of their declining physical abilities and what they were allowed to do within the care home, in order to maintain this element of their identities. Findings indicated that the care homes would benefit from more resources to organise more meaningful activities for residents. However, small changes to routines, such as allowing ‘duvet days’, also helped to support residents’ identities. Recommendations for practice include the introduction of an ‘identity champion’ to provide guidance and support on how care home staff could make identity-relevant changes.

In the last couple of years there has been an immense increase in the number of unaccompa­nied refuge minors seeking asylum in Sweden. These minors share one thing in common; they have all abandoned things they hold dear in pursuit of a better life. The majority of them are placed into residential care homes, accommodations where they are aided and cared for by personnel. Unfortunately, there is a lack of research regarding how these personnel experience their work. With help of the method grounded theory and interviews, I investigate their working situation and their role in these homes. All participants agree that their primary role and task are to establish a feeling of safety amongst the minors, however, organizational aspects can hinder this process. Organizational aspects are also key factors that have to be adequate in order for the personnel to increase their professional knowledge. By including the framework resilience therapy and comparing this to my result, I put my study in a bigger context, suggesting that if the minors are capable of feeling safe, they will also develop skills that increase their wellbeing throughout their lives.

Background Malnutrition among older persons with dementia is a common issue due to the consequences of the diagnosis, such as physical hindrances or forgetting to eat. Preventative work, against malnutrition for example, is part of the work responsibility of a registered nurse (Swedish Society of Nursing (SSN, 2011).  Aim The aim was to describe how Cape Town Care home nurses work to identify and prevent malnutrition in older persons with dementia. Method A qualitative method was used with semi structured-interviews conducted with six nurses working at six different care homes in the Cape Town Area. A qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the interviews.   Result It was found that nurses work differently in their preventative work, depending on the policies of the care home. Some uses assessments for identifying malnutrition while others rely on their capacity of observation. There were no standardized aids used overall on the care homes to ensure quality of the work.   Conclusion It is important to look beyond the diagnosis of dementia in order to work according to a person-centered perspective with the residents wishes and autonomy in focus. To identify risks of malnutrition; identification is key in the preventative work. The nurses used their skills and experience, rather than standardized assessment aids, to observe changes in the residents’ behavior and outlook.

Dying is a normal life process. Palliative care is the means in which health care professionals care for individuals with either life limiting or terminal illness at or near the end of life. It is important to deliver palliative care across all health care contexts - from acute care to residential care. Nurses within the specialty of palliative care or who have had palliative care education consider all aspects of caring for individuals - physical, psychological, social, and spiritual. Quality of life (QoL) is important at all stages of life. Older persons with life limiting illness residing in long term care homes may have different factors that influence their QoL than younger persons in good health. The purpose of this study was to describe factors affecting quality of life for older persons with life limiting illness who reside in long term care (LTC) homes. It was also of interest to discover what nursing strategies are used to promote quality of life for this population. A literature review of sixteen articles was carried out. Articles which were relevant to the literature review’s aim were retrieved from CINAHL and PubMed databases. Twelve articles were retrieved from the databases and four articles were found using a manual search. A systematic process of reviewing each article, reading and re-reading them to analyze the method and results was undertaken. Deductive reasoning was used to develop themes with inspiration from the World Health Organization’s domains of quality of life. Results were categorized into categories of sociodemographic characteristics, psychological/spiritual, physical health/independence, environment, and nursing strategies. It was found that being female and married positively affected one’s quality of life. Visits from family and friends positively affected QoL. Of interest was that having a higher education negatively affected one’s quality of life. Having a lower cognitive function and more comorbidities negatively affected one’s quality of life. Living in a smaller long term care home and also long term care homes with more leisure activities positively affected one’s quality of life. Nursing strategies to positively affect quality of life in long term care homes included education of staff in palliative care by a palliative care consult team, and assessment and treatment of older persons’ pain. In conclusion, QoL must be emphasized in LTC homes since the world’s population is aging and more complex symptoms within an increase in co-morbidities require expert nursing. QoL is affected by social factors such as visits from family and friends. It is affected by nurses’ attention to pain management and their caring nature in supporting residents’ dignity. QoL is also affected by demographic characteristics which staff and managers must be aware of in order to support the resident in optimizing QoL in a LTC home. Nurses, nurse specialists and managers at LTC homes need to prioritize their work in order to positively affect QoL for older persons with life limiting illness.