Twentieth century American fiction assimilates archetypes of traditional mythologies, in particular the hero archetype, to create a contemporary mythology which relays social issues relevant to its age. This is first approached by creating a theoretical framework, which primarily consists of both Jungian theories of the collective unconscious and the model on which Joseph Campbell based his conception of the archetype in what is known as myth criticism. The theoretical framework also introduces and describes the graphic novel and its use of characterisation distinctive to post-modern fiction. The Sandman, which is the subject of this study, is then contextualised against the backdrop of the evolution of the American comic book, with its influence of folklore, mythology and visual presentation. Through an overview and analysis of The Sandman series as a whole, as well as a reading of its pivotal narrative, The Kindly Ones, this thesis explores the way in which The Sandman fulfils its purpose of integrating an archetypal hero into contemporary mythology. This is achieved by validating claims proposing the existence of a contemporary mythology through an analysis of Morpheus, The Sandman's protagonist and his unique heroic journey. The conclusion reached is that The Sandman indeed represents a contemporary mythology that contains a new form of social commentary, incorporating archetypes from traditional mythology and re-evaluating the role of the hero in this day and age. / Afrikaans and Theory of Literature / M. A. (Theory of Literature)

JESUINO, Filipe de Menezes. O delírio paranóico nos sistemas de Freud e Jung: contribuições mútuas e contrastes. 2008. 177 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2008. / Submitted by moises gomes (celtinha_malvado@hotmail.com) on 2012-01-09T13:23:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_FDMJesuino.PDF: 1435919 bytes, checksum: c6da8727bd49d90b97e333a11de701ec (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-01-12T13:39:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_FDMJesuino.PDF: 1435919 bytes, checksum: c6da8727bd49d90b97e333a11de701ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-01-12T13:39:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_dis_FDMJesuino.PDF: 1435919 bytes, checksum: c6da8727bd49d90b97e333a11de701ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-10 / This thesis was made on the purpose of demonstrate the fundamental contributions and contrasts between Freud’s and Jung’s theories on the problem of the paranoiac delusions. To persecute this goal we have chosen to discuss the developments of both theories individually and, in doing so, demonstrate the primary conceits that were associated with them and then, finally, distinguish the main contributions between the two psychological systems. Afterwards we have shown how those influences were made possible and by which means they came to be. The main contributions verified were the inspiration of Freud’s theory of libido to Jung’s own, the importance of Jung’s complexes theory to Freud and their mutual interest in the archaic inheritances verified in the delusions of the paranoiac patients. We have found that the differences in the context, and the inevitable presuppositions did not cripple a dialogue and some significant contributions between them. Notwithstanding, these contributions were made possible only by a recreation of the ideas according to the internal context of the system which, of course, is modified in the process. / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo demonstrar as contribuições mútuas e contrastes fundamentais entre as teorias de Freud e Jung quanto ao delírio paranóico. Para alcançar esse objetivo, decidimos abordar individualmente as teorias e, por essa via, demonstrar os principais conceitos associados a elas para, apenas então, distinguir as principais contribuições entre os dois sistemas psicológicos a respeito do delírio. Em seguida, elucidamos como essas influências foram possíveis e de que maneira elas se originaram. As principais contribuições verificadas foram: a influência da noção freudiana de libido para a teoria de Jung, a importância da teoria junguiana dos complexos para a Psicanálise freudiana e seu interesse mútuo sobre as heranças arcaicas verificadas nos delírios. Constatamos que as diferenças no contexto e os inevitáveis pressupostos não impediram o diálogo e algumas contribuições importantes entre os dois pontos de vista. Os aportes, entretanto, somente foram possíveis com a recriação das noções de acordo com o contexto interno de cada sistema que, decerto, também se modifica no processo em sentido amplo.

Numerous studies have attempted to measure scientists' influence by measuring the quantity of citations to their works. The problem with "citation counting," as it is called, is that it assumes that each listing of an author in a citation index is equal to another without bothering to explore the substantive uses of citations in the source article. The present study attempts to alleviate this problem by content analysis of citations in a limited sphere: reference to major philosophers of science by sociologists. In just over 100 sociology journals, citations to Thomas Kuhn, Karl Popper, Ernst Nagel, and Carl Hempel (overall, the most frequently cited philosophers of science) from 1971-1982 were randomly sampled. Each citation was classified according to the following criteria: 1) philosopher cited; 2) work cited, 3) exclusivity (whether cited with others); 4) multiplicity (number of citations by the philosopher in the same article); 5) type of article; and 6) purpose of citation. Purposes of citation included seven categories: 1) listing as relevant literature; 2) definition of a concept; 3) modification or extension of a philosopher's theory; 4) formulation of a research problem; 5) interpretation of results; 6) critical of philosopher's work; and 7) other. Analysis of these data revealed the following conclusions: 1) the major use of philosophy was the furnishing of concepts and their definitions; 2) philosophy of science played little or no role in directing research or interpreting results; 3) the use of citations differed greatly among the philosophers; 4) simple citation counting would have severely distorted the relative influences of each philosopher; and 5) the dialogue between sociology and the philosophy of science has, in the last decade, been dominated by Kuhn's theory of scientific revolutions.

In dem Bericht werden Methoden und Ergebnisse experimenteller Untersuchungen an verfügbaren Ortsdosisleistungsmessgeräten in Feldern gepulster, ionisierender Strahlung beschrieben. Es zeigte sich, dass die meisten Messgeräte nur erheblich eingeschränkt für die Messung dieser Art Strahlung geeignet sind. Ionisationskammern, soweit einsetzbar, stellen das geeignetste der untersuchten Messprinzipien dar. Felder gepulster Strahlung treten bei einer Vielzahl industrieller, medizinischer und wissenschaftlicher Anwendungen auf. Die Veröffentlichung richtet sich an die in diesen Bereichen tätigen Strahlenschützer.

In this thesis, I focus on the gender analysis of a book called Women Who Run with the Wolves by Clarissa Pincola Estes. In my opinion, this book can be used both as study material and in one's personal life since it's a interpretative essayist which is in between a scientific text and fiction. In my thesis, I expand theories of Annis Pratt, Pam Morris, and Judith Fetterley. Since Estes puts a lot of focus onto the importance of archetypes I interpret them in the theoretical part and afterward, I put my full focus onto them in the analytical part of the thesis. Estes is strongly influenced by the analytical psychology of Carl Gustav Jung, because of this I focus on the subject, about which Jung's classical texts are about and which concepts can be taken subversive. At the same time, I am trying to point out in what sense was the Estés approach similar or vice versa is different from the other authors dealing with the archetypal issue. While working on the other topics mentioned above I am working on identifying other concepts, mainly feminist based theories, which influenced the discourse of the text. The main goal of this thesis is not a literary analysis of every single story, but a critical evaluation of how the author interprets the stories and what is the meaning of each archetype. While...

Bei der Publikation handelt es sich um den Abschlussbericht einer erstmals durchgeführten Befragung der Absolventen der Medizinischen Fakultät der TU Dresden zum beruflichen Verbleib und zur retrospektiven Bewertung der Studienqualität. Der vorliegende Abschlussbericht gliedert sich zunächst in eine Kurzzusammenfassung der wichtigsten Ergebnisse, dann in einen Abschnitt zur Anlage und Durchführung der Studie und in Abschnitte zu den einzelnen Themengebieten der Befragung. Im einzelnen wurden in Zusammenarbeit mit der Hochschulleitung der TU Dresden als Ziele und Themen der Absolventenbefragungen formuliert: An erster Stelle stand die Informationsgewinnung zum Verbleib der Absolventen, ihrer Berufsfelder, Einkommen, Arbeitszufriedenheit und Arbeitsmarktchancen. Die Informationsgewinnung zur retrospektiven Bewertung der Qualität der Lehre und des Studiums durch Absolventen stand an zweiter Stelle. So sollen durch die Fakultäten auch Anregungen und Verbesserungsvorschläge zur Reform von Studienprogrammen abgeleitet werden können und Vergleichsmöglichkeiten mit der Bewertung der Lehre und des Studiums durch Studenten gewonnen werden. Weitere Ziele waren Vorbereitungen für kontinuierliche Absolventenbefragungen an allen Fakultäten der TU Dresden sowie Fragebogen-Adaptionen für die Fakultäten. Schließlich wurde als langfristiges Ziel die Entwicklung eines fundierten Befragungsdesigns für Längsschnittstudien (Wiederholung der Befragungen nach mehreren Jahren mit denselben und neuen Absolventen) flächendeckend für alle Fakultäten der TU Dresden genannt. Zusätzlich zu den einzelnen Themengebieten der Befragung erfolgte eine Analyse der Bestimmungsgründe beruflichen Erfolgs. Gerade letztere Analyse führte auch zu einigen unerwarteten Ergebnissen. Gängige (hochschulpolitische) Thesen, welche Absolventen besonders erfolgreich seien, konnten nicht bestätigt werden. Andere Eigenschaften erwiesen sich als wesentlich wichtiger. Weitere Informationen zu den Dresdner Absolventenstudien finden Sie auch im Internet unter www.tu-dresden.de/phfis/lenz/fo/Absolventenstudie.html.

Principe spirituel pour Muḥyī al-Dīn Ibn ʿArabī (1165-1240) et archétype universel pour Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961), le Féminin est au centre de cette recherche où il sera étudié sous l’angle de l’expérience mystique dont il est un médian incontournable. L’accent sera mis surtout sur le rapport entre le Féminin comme principe ou archétype et l’expérience mystique tel qu’ils s’articulent chez nos deux penseurs tant dans leur vécu personnel que sur le plan de leurs élaborations théoriques. Elle consiste, pour éviter tout anachronisme, davantage en un dialogue d’idées qu’une comparaison de la pensée du maitre soufi andalou avec celle du psychanalyste moderne suisse. C’est à ce premier niveau d’analyse, où le Féminin et le Masculin forment une androgynie primordiale, que leurs pensées se rejoignent de manière significative. Les deux penseurs reconnaissant au Féminin en particulier une fonction transcendantale qui s’accomplit à travers une prédisposition à l’établissement d’une relation avec le monde subtil de l’Esprit qui s’enracine soit dans une tradition religieuse donnée, l’islam dans le cas d’Ibn ʿArabī, ou d’une analyse thérapeutique aux allures néanmoins mystiques dans le cas de Jung. L’expérience du Féminin chez nos deux penseurs révèle un rapport différencié quant à la nature et à la forme de l’expérience spirituelle qui est son support d’expression. Leurs conceptions se distinguent aussi sur la question de Dieu (transcendant ou immanent) dont la rencontre est perçue comme la finalité vers laquelle tend la dynamique transformatrice de la personnalité qu’implique ce cheminement initiatique qu’induit la rencontre du Féminin spirituel. Avant de réaliser cette ultime et unificatrice rencontre, il faut d’abord rencontrer et entrer en relation avec ce Féminin comme figure d’une altérité intérieure et extérieure en vue de dépasser le dualisme primaire où les humains sont embourbés tant individuellement que collectivement. C’est sur ce point en particulier que l’étude montre des convergences signifiantes, qui révèlent, d’un côté, le lien transversal qu’il y a entre le soufisme et la psychologie analytique et de l’autre les aspects implicites d‘une psychologie des profondeurs nichant en arrière-plan de la mystique akbarienne. Cette ébauche de dialogue, opérée dans une approche interdisciplinaire, révèle certes des postures épistémologiques très différentes, mais aussi une convergence de vue tacite jusque-là et que la méthode de la phénoménologie herméneutique retenue pour ce travail de maitrise a éclairé d’un nouveau jour. C’est dans cet esprit qu’elle peut ouvrir de nouvelles pistes de réflexion à nos sociétés contemporaines prises avec une crise de sens et de perte de repères identitaires inquiétante. Le sous-bassement de cette crise est une vision dualiste de la femme et de l’homme, et corollairement d’une division binaire entre nature et culture, au lieu de saisir leur nécessaire et paradoxale complémentarité qui doit se réaliser en premier lieu en chaque être humain. / A spiritual principle for Muḥyī al-Dīn Ibn ʿArabī (1165-1240) and a universal archetype for Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961), the Feminine is at the center of this research, where it will be studied from the perspective of the mystical experience of which it is an inescapable mediator. The emphasis will be on the relationship between the Feminine as a principle or archetype and the mystical experience as articulated by our two thinkers in their personal experience as well as in their theoretical elaborations. It consists, to avoid any anachronism, more of a dialogue of ideas than a comparison of the thought of the Andalusian Sufi master with that of the modern Swiss psychoanalyst. It is at this first level of analysis, where the Feminine and the Masculine form a primordial androgyny that their thoughts meet in a significant way. Both thinkers in fact recognize in the Feminine a transcendental function that is fulfilled through a predisposition to establish a relationship with the subtle world of Spirit that is rooted either in a given religious tradition-Islam in the case of Ibn ʿArabī or of a therapeutic analysis with nonetheless mystical overtones in the case of Jung. The experience of the Feminine in our two thinkers reveals a differentiated relationship as to the nature and form of the spiritual experience that is its medium of expression. Their conceptions also differ on the question of God (transcendent or immanent) whose meeting is perceived as the finality towards which tends the transforming dynamics of the personality that implies this initiatory path that induces the meeting of the spiritual Feminine. Before realizing this ultimate and unifying encounter, one must first meet and relate to this Feminine figure of inner and outer otherness in order to overcome the primary dualism in which humans are mired both individually and collectively. It is on this point in particular that the study shows significant convergences, which reveal, on the one hand, the link between Sufism and analytical psychology; and on the other hand, the "deep psychological" aspects of Akbarian mysticism. This draft dialogue, carried out in an interdisciplinary approach, certainly reveals very different epistemological postures, but also a convergence of views implicit until then and which the method of hermeneutic phenomenology chosen for this master's thesis has shed new light on. It is in this spirit that it can open up new avenues of reflection for our contemporary societies caught up in a disturbing crisis of meaning and loss of identity markers. The underpinning of this crisis is a dualistic vision of woman and man, and consequently of a binary division between nature and culture, instead of grasping their necessary and paradoxical complementarity which must be realized first and foremost in each human being.

La première partie de cette thèse est constituée d'un récit intitulé L'espoir est dans les arbres. Le protagoniste de ce récit se remémore peu à peu qu'il a été agressé alors qu'il était enfant. C'est le récit de la réappropriation de sa mémoire ainsi que des fantasmes que cette mémoire peut générer. Le héros est profondément ébranlé dans sa vie personnelle et professionnelle et commence, pour lui-même, une quête de la vérité. Il entre dans un monde symbolique à la suite d'une renaissance et déchiffre des signes qui lui sont adressés dans son univers quotidien. Son équilibre mental est menacé. À la rencontre de sa mère sur le chemin de Valleyfield, il expérimente une illumination et le secret de l'agression qu'il a vécu lui est révélé par étapes initiatiques en retournant sur les lieux de l'agression où il crie sa douleur dans les arbres. Ce récit est celui de sa quête, de ses douleurs, de ses peurs et de l'émergence de la partie de lui-même qui se terrait dans son inconscient. Il découvrira que le plus important est son présent. L'espoir est donc permis. La deuxième partie de la thèse, intitulée Le mythème de l'illumination : lumière dans les ténèbres, est articulée en trois chapitres. Le premier, "Sources sacrées du mythème de l'illumination", s'intéresse aux différentes conceptions de l'illumination dans plusieurs religions et, particulièrement, par une analyse symbolique, au mythème biblique de l'illumination de saint Paul. Le deuxième chapitre, "Les illuminations québécoises", fort de cette recherche préalable, s'intéresse à la présence d'éléments du mythème de l'Illumination dans des textes de trois auteurs québécois : Jacques Ferron, Anne Hébert et Victor-Lévy Beaulieu. Le troisième chapitre, plus personnel, "Le mythème de l'Illumination à l'oeuvre", étudie a posteriori la corrélation entre le processus d'individuation de Cari Gustav Jung avec la structuration du récit L'espoir est dans les arbres, tout en retraçant le cheminement de son écriture. La conclusion met en relief la nature profondément eschatologique de la leçon du mythème littéraire de l'Illumination.

Personality, psychological type and cognitive ability are frequently implied to be underlying causes of differences in reasoning processes, decision-making processes and general success in a job. However, there is a trend towards utilising cognitive and personality measures interchangeably in the context of selection and development, particularly as it pertains to selection based on cognitive ability and cognitive style. The general aim of this research was therefore to investigate the relationship between psychological type, as measured by the Myers-Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI), and cognitive abilities and styles as measured by the Cognitive Process Profile (CPP). Cognitive ability is discussed under the cognitive psychology paradigm. A clarification of concepts associated with cognitive psychology is provided, and the CPP model is introduced as an integrative model encompassing aspects of cognitive ability and cognitive style. Psychological type is discussed under the analytical psychology paradigm, with a focus on personality structure, dynamics and development. This is then integrated into an overview of Jung's theory of personality types and the development of the MBTI. An empirical investigation, utilising Pairwise comparisons and Chi-square statistics was conducted. The results were then integrated to enable a better understanding of the relationship between cognition and personality. Based on this, it was concluded that there is insufficient evidence to suggest that a relationship exists between cognitive styles (as defined by the CPP) and personality (as defined by the MBTI). There were however, sufficient statistically significant findings to suggest that there is some relationship between cognitive processes / competencies and personality. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

Personality, psychological type and cognitive ability are frequently implied to be underlying causes of differences in reasoning processes, decision-making processes and general success in a job. However, there is a trend towards utilising cognitive and personality measures interchangeably in the context of selection and development, particularly as it pertains to selection based on cognitive ability and cognitive style. The general aim of this research was therefore to investigate the relationship between psychological type, as measured by the Myers-Briggs Type Inventory (MBTI), and cognitive abilities and styles as measured by the Cognitive Process Profile (CPP). Cognitive ability is discussed under the cognitive psychology paradigm. A clarification of concepts associated with cognitive psychology is provided, and the CPP model is introduced as an integrative model encompassing aspects of cognitive ability and cognitive style. Psychological type is discussed under the analytical psychology paradigm, with a focus on personality structure, dynamics and development. This is then integrated into an overview of Jung's theory of personality types and the development of the MBTI. An empirical investigation, utilising Pairwise comparisons and Chi-square statistics was conducted. The results were then integrated to enable a better understanding of the relationship between cognition and personality. Based on this, it was concluded that there is insufficient evidence to suggest that a relationship exists between cognitive styles (as defined by the CPP) and personality (as defined by the MBTI). There were however, sufficient statistically significant findings to suggest that there is some relationship between cognitive processes / competencies and personality. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)