Ética em educação: novos paradigmas para o nosso tempo é o tema desse estudo. Ele se originou das inquietações oriundas da prática da pesquisadora com as escolas da Associação Congregação de Santa Catarina Província Santa Catarina. Os resultados desses estudos foram socializados com os professores, através da organização de seminários nas escolas da Associação, para debate e reflexão de questões referentes à temática em estudo. A reflexão, a partilha e o olhar histórico lançado para o carisma de Regina Protmann e a origem da Congregação ofereceram elementos importantes para aprofundamento do tema, destacando a ética em educação como um grande desafio para a contemporaneidade e um compromisso ético como exigência de fidelidade ao carisma da fundadora e da Congregação. O ato de educar é sempre um ato ético, pois é impossível fugir de decisões éticas, desde a escolha de conteúdos até o método a ser utilizado ou a forma de relacionamento com os educandos e educadores. Novos paradigmas em educação se fazem urgentes numa sociedade líquida, para que a pessoa mergulhe numa cultura de sentido de vida. Essa experiência vivida com os educadores foi importante para o embasamento da investigação que está sendo apresentada. A pesquisa teve uma abordagem qualitativa de cunho fenomenológico, hermenêutico e participante. Foram utilizadas as narrativas dos participantes, coletadas através de entrevistas semi-estuturadas, complementadas pelos relatos dos seminários. Esses dados foram sintetizados e mapeados, usando o princípio da análise do conteúdo. Os estudos de Freire, Dussel, Susin, Boff, Gibellini, Andreola, Bauman, Küng, Lévinas, Bonhoeffer, Morin, Boaventura de Souza Santos, Taille, André deram o principal suporte para a compreensão das reflexões socializadas pelos educadores, educandos e pais. Junto com os diversos autores e em confronto com a prática e o carisma da fundadora, transcorreu um diálogo interativo onde foi possível a construção de uma nova autoria. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram que a ética em educação com novos paradigmas para o nosso tempo requer um novo conjunto de práticas pedagógicas e sociais que visualizem valores e princípios comprometidos com o cuidado humano-ecológico. / Ethics in education: new paradigms for our time is the subject of this study. It started of the anxieties of research with schools of the Congregation of St. Catherine Association. The results of these studies were socialized with teachers, through workshops in schools of the Association, for debate and reflection of questions concerning subject matter in study. The reflection, the share and historic look launched to the charism of Regina Protmann and the origin of the congregation, offered important elements, pointing out the ethics in education in a great challenge, and an ethical commitment as a requirement of fidelity to the charism of the founder of the congregation. The act of educating is an ethic act, then its impossible escape of ethic decisions, from choice of contents until the method that must be used or the form of relationship with the students and educators. New paradigms in education are important for people dive in a culture of sense of life. This experience shared with educators was important to the investigation that is being showed. The research had an qualitative approach and participant. The narratives of the participants were collected through supplementaries interviews of the seminars. These data were summarized and mapped, using the principle of analyzing the content. Studies of Freire, Dussel, Susin, Boff, Gibellini, Andreola, Bauman, Küng, Lévinas, Bonhoeffer, Morin, Boaventura de Souza Santos, Taille and André gave the main support to the comprehension of the reflections socialized by educators, students and parents. Together with several authors and in confrontation with the practice and charism of the founder, passed an interactive dialogue where it was possible the construction of a new author. The results confirmed that ethic in education with new paradigms, requires a new set of educationals practices and socials that gave importance and commitment with the human care- ecological.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender de que forma o pastor fundador de uma igreja na Baixada Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, tem conseguido através de sua liderança carismática construir e manter um sistema de distribuição, redistribuição e manipulação de bens simbólicos entre seus seguidores. Observa-se essa dinâmica entre o poder, carisma e reconhecimento, tanto dentro da congregação: nas relações o pastor fundador da igreja e os demais pastores, presbíteros e membros, como fora dela: na medida em que essa igreja, que se identifica como Assembléia de Deus, não participa de nenhuma convenção ou órgãos referenciais dessa denominação. Sugere-se que, apesar de se pretender um tipo de Assembléia de Deus, essa igreja assume um ethos neopentecostal de igrejas autônomas, podendo ser identificada na terminologia nativa como uma Assembléia de Deus Renovada. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos, foi realizado um estudo de campo, com entrevistas e observação participante, e também um pequeno survey. / The research has aimed to understand how a Neopentecostal pastor, founder of a church located at Baixada Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, is able to build and keep a system of distribution, redistribution and manipulation of symbolic goods among his followers, through his charismatic leadership. This study tries to show the power dynamics between charisma and leader recognition inside the church, among the founder and the other pastors, presbyteries and members, and also outside of it, when this church self defined as an Assembly of God has no part of any convention of this denomination. We suggest that, despite defined as a kind of Assembly of God, this church assumes a Neopentecostal ethos of autonomous churches, and can be identified, using a native terminology, as Renewed Assembly of God. To reach the proposed aims, we carried out a field research with participant observation, interviews, and also a small survey.

This thesis provides a systematic comparison and analysis on violent and non-violent new religious movements. The purpose of using a meta-analysis as the methodological tool for this research project is that it offers a systematic presentation and synthesis of the characteristics and findings from academic studies that exist on each new religious movement. Of importance is that each study, from the fields of sociology, social psychology and religious studies offers differing truths about each of the NRMs as they each only examine certain characteristics. As these disciplines have a high level of theories, this project utilizes a “measure driven” approach, “in which iterative searches and new computerized search techniques are used to increase the range of publications found (and thus the range of possible analyses) and to traverse time and disciplinary boundaries” (Roelfs et al 2013: 75). This analysis pools together all existing facts to provide a larger estimate of the "unknown common truths" about each movement and provide a fuller picture of the movements and their leaders. By combining studies of new religious movements that are prone to violence with studies of new religious movements that remain peaceful, this meta-analysis will increase the sample size and the power to study effects that may lead to the answer: why do some new religious movements become violent. The general consensus among the research literature has distilled three salient aggregates associated with new religious groups that have become violent: a) each group possessed an apocalyptic worldview; b) each group maintained an organizational structure predicated on charismatic leadership and authority whereby a potent connection between the charismatic leader and devotee was forged; and c) each group established firm social boundaries demarcating the separation between the group and the wider social milieu resulting in social isolation. However, though these attributes were present in and common to all the groups that became violent, they continue to remain insufficient and fail to adequately illustrate why certain new religions become violent. The most notable cases of NRMs that have been mobilized to violence that are analyzed include: the Peoples' Temple, The Order of the Solar Temple, Aum Shinrikyo, the Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments, the Branch Davidians, Rajneeshpuaram, The Church of the Lamb of God, Heaven's Gate and Scientology. These religious movements are compared and analyzed in relation to groups that have not become violent: the early Unification Church, Sikh Dharma/3HO, Chen Tao, Church Universal and Triumphant (CUT), and Concerned Christians. By analyzing fourteen individual movements that demonstrate the three central aggregates found specifically in violent movements, hopefully this meta-analysis has overcome the problem of small sample sizes, in order to better detect internal and external effects that can explain why some NRMs become violent.

Just a few years after the end of WWII, the American author Lafayette Ronald Hubbard developed the new religious movement Scientology, which has evolved over the years into one of the largest new religious movements in the world. Two decades later, an American pastor’s son named David Berg, received a revelation from God, which led to the founding of the new religious movement The Family International, formerly known as God’s Children. Over the years there have been a number of defectors that wanted to change and turn their life around. But only a few managed to gather confidence to tell the rest of the world of the circumstances and living conditions in the new religious movement that have characterized major parts of their lives. The main purpose of this study was to elucidate how former members and defectors portrayed and experienced the explicit and implicit exercise of power in two, American founded, new religious movements. In addition, the study applied the Austrian psychologist Sigmund Freud’s theories in dynamic psychology and religion, in order to interpret the former members depictions, in relation to the attitudes expressed.  The didactic relevance of this study refers to the growth and the more frequent sight of new religious movements in our society. The society, primarily in the media, but also in scientific contexts, has associates these movements with the negative loaded word sect, which has led to appearance of difficulties in the education of religion. Therefore, contributes this study, based on a neutral and a non-evaluative perspective of new religious movements, to eliminate prejudices and create tolerance among all students. What emerged along the course of the study was that the explicit control and exercise of power was established in the charismatic attribute and, above all, the power holder’s ability to convince and persuade the members was one of the major parts in the power structure. The study also illustrates how the implicit exercise of power of the Scientology constantly revolved around money and The Family International around sex relations. In conclusion, the leaders explicit and implicit exercise of power integrates with each other and has its foundation in the charismatic leadership and the ability to convince and persuade its members. The conclusion also illustrates how the members adaption and submission to its leader was an unconscious act according to Freud’s theory, concerning defense mechanism.  As a result, the leaders achieved to manage the movements without resistance and questioning, and also got expression for their own manners.

An outgroup can be defined as that which is perceived as different or dissimilar from oneself. The Interspecies Model of Prejudice (TIMP) predicts that negativity to human outgroups align with animal negativity. Human-centered and anti-egalitarian beliefs have shown to correlate with outgroup rejection. Experiencing a close relationship to nature has, on the other hand, been linked to outgroup acceptance. The aim of this study was to investigate the valuation of animal charismatic appeal overall, and as a function of outgroup acceptance - rejection. An online survey collected data on animal image ratings, attitude instruments, psychosocial and demographic factors from 231 high school senior students in the greater Stockholm area. Images of human-similar (anthropomorphic highcharismaticmammals) versus human-dissimilar (feral low-charismatic insects) animals were used to, respectively, predict the attitudes anthropocentrism, ethnocentrism and nature relatedness. Overall, mammals were rated significantly more positively than insects. The findings also suggest support for TIMP. It may be inferred that animal charismatic appeal is linked to individual differences in outgroup cognitions. Anthropocentrism and ethnocentrism associated negatively with general animal liking, and were predicted by insect negativity once significant covariates adjusted the models. Nature relatedness correlated positively with animal liking and was predicted by insect positivity. Our valuation of animal charisma may, thus, be linked to our appraisal of their more or less human-like qualities. Our valuations are proposed as underlied by identification mechanismsthat may guide our varying tendencies to divide the world into ‘us and them’. The findings could be informative of psychological factors involved in intergroup behaviors and environmental concerns.

The Liturgical Life and Related Carmelite Sisters' Practice after 1989 This thesis analyzes liturgical praxis and related habitual practice of two existing communities of Carmelite Nuns in Czech Republic. The purpose of this study is to. It is divided in five chapters. First two chapters concern the history of Carmelite Order and the attitude of Carmelites towards liturgy. In the third chapter the author summarizes the life of Carmelites nuns in the years 1950 − 1989 (during the communist era) and its impact on the communities nowadays. The fourth chapter offers a brief overview on various liturgical traditions which might have influenced the development of Carmelite liturgy. In the light of the those preliminary survey, the last chapter analyzes the typical daily liturgical schedule of a Carmelite nun and attempts to discern the origin of its components.

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No / Leadership has proved impossible to define, despite decades of research and a huge number of publications. This article explores managers’ accounts of leadership, and shows that they find it difficult to talk about the topic, offering brief definitions but very little narrative. That which was said/sayable provides insights into what was unsaid/ unsayable. Queer theory facilitates exploration of that which is difficult to talk about, and applying it to the managers’ talk allows articulation of their lay theory of leadership. This is that leaders evoke a homoerotic desire in followers such that followers are seduced into achieving organizational goals. The leader’s body, however, is absent from the scene of seduction, so organizational heteronormativity remains unchallenged. The article concludes by arguing that queer and critical leadership theorists together could turn leadership into a reverse discourse and towards a politics of pleasure at work.

Wenn man das zu einiger Bekanntheit gelangte Wort Heinz Steinerts, demgemäß die Protestantismusthese Webers „zwar hübsch, aber historisch falsch“ sei (Steinert, 2010), schon deshalb außer Acht lassen will, weil bereits ein Falsifizierungsanspruch der schwachbegrifflichen und komparativen Methode Webers entgegensteht, dann verlangt die Frage nach der Aktualität Webers dennoch ungemindert nach Antwort.