<p>Syftet med detta arbete är att ge byggföretaget NCC ett underlag för hur kommunerna runt Vänern och längs Göta älv planerar inför den nya dimensionerande vattennivån på + 47,4 m (RH70) som klimat- och sårbarhetsutredningen presenterat i sin rapport.</p><p>Vänerns medelvattenstånd ligger i dag på + 44,3 m (RH70). Under en 100-årsperiod är det 1% risk att den dimensionerande nivån uppkommer. Enligt klimat- och sårbarhetsutredningen är det alltså möjligt att vattennivån kan stiga med ca tre m vid ett extremfall. Detta kan medföra en rad olika konsekvenser för kommunerna runt Vänern och längs Göta älv. NCC är intresserade av att få kännedom om de åtgärder som kommunerna planerar att vidta för att skydda ny och befintlig bebyggelse mot översvämningar och skred till följd av högre vattennivåer. De är även intresserade av hur åtgärder skall finansieras samt vilken byggvolym kommunerna planerar för inför framtiden.</p><p>Det som har skett inom kommunerna hittills är att det under våren 2008 startats ett gemensamt samarbete där målet är att komma fram till en gemensam ståndpunkt gentemot staten i denna fråga. Först och främst måste en konsekvensbeskrivning tas fram för att kunna visa vilka följder en översvämning kan tänkas föra med sig för respektive kommun. Därpå skall ett bra geografisk material tas fram för att få fram höjderna på marken och därefter kunna simulera hur vattennivåerna kommer att drabba kommunerna. Utifrån detta kan en samhällsekonomisk kalkyl göras av vad skadorna förväntas bli.</p><p>Under våren 2008 beslutade även länsstyrelsen i Västra Götaland tillsammans med Vattenfall om en akut strategi för att reglera Vänerns högsta vattennivåer. Överenskommelsen innebär att Vattenfall veckovis tappar ur Vänern med hänsyn till högsta beräknade vattenstånd. Enligt beräkningar som Länsstyrelsen gjort i samråd med Vattenfall och SMHI har man kommit fram till en avtappningsstrategi där Vänerns högsta vattennivå kan minskas med upp till 40 cm.</p><p>Varje enskild kommun har även lokala åtgärdsplaner för att skydda sig mot översvämningar och skred. Det stora problemet anses i de flesta kommuner vara hur den befintliga bebyggelsen skall skyddas medan all nyproduktion i de flesta fall inte uppförs lägre än vad den dimensionerande nivån säger.</p><p>Angående finansieringsfrågan råder det delade meningar. Vissa av kommunerna anser att fastighetsägaren själv får finansiera de åtgärder som måste vidtas medan vissa kommuner anser att kostnaderna kommer bli så höga att ett statligt stöd krävs.</p> / <p>The purpose of this project is to give the construction company NCC a basis for how the municipalities around Vänern and along the river Göta plans in front of the new dimensioning water level at +47,4 m (RH70) as the climate - and vulnerability investigation presented in their report.</p><p>Vänern's average water level is today +44,3 m (RH70). During a 100-year period is it 1% risk that that the dimensioning water level arises. According to the climate - and vulnerability investigation is it therefore possible that the water level can ascend with approximately three m at an extreme case. This can mean a series of different consequences for the municipalities around Vänern and along the river Göta. NCC is interested in getting knowledge about the measures that the municipalities plan to take in order to protect newly and existing settlement against floods and landslides as a result of higher water levels. They are also interested in how the measures will be financed and what construction volume the municipalities plan to do in the future.</p><p>What the municipalities have done so far is that they during the spring 2008 has started a common cooperation where the objective is to come until a common position towards the government in this matter. The first thing to do is to make a consequence description to show what result a flood can make in each municipality. Subsequently, a reliable geographic material will be made in order to get the heights of the land and then simulate how the water levels will strike the municipalities. On the basis of this a socio-economic calculation can be done to see what damages that will be expected.</p><p>During the spring 2008 the county administration in Västra Götaland along with Vattenfall decided about an urgent strategy in order to regulate Vänern's highest water levels. The agreement means that Vattenfall weekly draws Vänern regarding the highest estimated water levels.</p><p>The county administration has in consultation with Vattenfall and the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute drawn up a drawing strategy and according to calculations the highest water level of Vänern can be decreased up to 40 cm.</p><p>Each individual municipality also has local action plans in order to protect itself against floods and landslides. The big problem in most of the municipalities is how the existing settlement will be protected while all new production in most cases is not built lower than what the dimensioning level says.</p><p>Concerning the financial matter there are different views. Some of the municipalities consider that the real-estate owner alone has to finance the measures that must be taken while some of the municipalities consider that the costs will become so great that a government subsidy is required.</p>

No description available.

Even though the practical experience of using coarse unbound granular materials is extensive, detailed knowledge on the mechanical and hydraulic behavior is to a large extent lacking. Regarding influence of water on mechanical properties, this is even more pronounced. The main objective of this work was to investigate the influence of water on behavior and properties of coarse granular materials. The study comprises measurements of resilient properties, soil-water characteristic curve and influence of water content on dielectric properties measured by the use of time domain reflectometry (TDR). The work described herein comprised two test series in terms of materials: firstly, a series where the grading was changed and secondly, a series where the influence of increased contents of free mica was studied. To measure resilient response, triaxial testing, using sample size of 500 mm diameter and 1000 mm height, was performed mainly using constant confining pressures. Tests were performed at incrementally varying water contents up to almost full saturation. Dielectric response and matric suction of compacted specimens were measured in a steel box at varying water content. Results from the first series indicated that the influence of water content on resilient properties depends on the material grading. The coarsest grading, containing least fines, experienced only a small reduction when brought close to saturation. Specimens with an increased amount of fines and more even distribution responded with a substantial loss of resilient modulus upon increased water content. It also appeared as water content increased, the specimens became more dilative. From the second series, generally, resilient modulus decreased with increased mica content and furthermore, elevated water contents caused reduction in stiffness. However, in relative terms, the reduction in resilient modulus caused by water decreased with increased mica content. The soil-water characteristic curves are influenced by grading coefficient and mica content; retentive capacity increases with decreased grading coefficient and increases with increased amount of mica. Volumetric water content as a function of apparent relative permittivity was fitted using a third-degree polynomial. Although, determined relationships deviated from Topp's (1980) relationship. Detailed information on the work is given in five enclosed papers. / QC 20100705

The dominant discourse in Tanzania is that home ownership is the most sustainable strategy towards solving housing problem. As a result, housing policy orientation has been towards promotion of home ownership through a land-housing linkage strategy that manifests in improvement of access to identified categories of people usually classified on resources constrained criterion. Rental housing has been observed from this study to have suffered a number of setbacks in history. Public rental housing featured prominently in the first Five-Year Development Plans (1964-69). In subsequent years and particularly with the demise of socialistic form of governance in the post 1992 era, attention has moved away from public rental housing to home-ownership strategies. Private rental housing on the other hand has never featured in the national policies until mid-2000s. This study investigates the future of public housing in Tanzania from a housing management perspective. Through interviews and direct observation in two case studies at Keko and Ubungo National Housing Corporation (NHC), it has been demonstrated that public housing in Tanzania has suffered neglect in terms of repair and maintenance for many years. The main reason as claimed was poor rent collection and low rent levels. The general finding of the study is public housing in Tanzania has been greatly influenced by employment policy changes. Public housing as construed by main actors in the study area is for public servants and largely government employees. Rental payment to the Public Housing Organization was usually through direct remittance from employees salaries by their employers. The Government in 2001 was the largest rent defaulter to NHC. Through a study on housing careers in Dar es Salaam, the study demonstrates the relationship that exists between landlords and tenants. With growing demand for accommodation, renta lsector has been shown to be the strategy that meets needs for newcomers to towns. The study also demonstrates how policy implications are influencing means of solving housing problem. The study urges public housing authorities to exploit all opportunities and in particular the social capital embedded in their tenants to help solve some of their maintenance problems. / QC 20110119

No description available.

Uppvidinge kommun vill ta fram ett uppmuntransbidrag för fasadrenovering. Avsikten är att försöka bevara husens karaktär genom metod- och materialval och rapporten inriktar sig därför på byggnadsvård och varsamhetsprincipen.    Rapporten tar fram kriterier som hjälp till kommunen för att besluta om utdelande av bidrag. Den innehåller också generell information om olika fasad- och takmaterial samt fönster. Rapporten och kommunens önskemål sammanfattas i en broschyr som kan användas som informationsspridning till intresserade fastighetsägare.   Rapporten använder sig dessutom av en enkät för att undersöka människors attityd och kunskaper kring fasader och renovering.

No description available.

Syftet med detta arbete är att ge byggföretaget NCC ett underlag för hur kommunerna runt Vänern och längs Göta älv planerar inför den nya dimensionerande vattennivån på + 47,4 m (RH70) som klimat- och sårbarhetsutredningen presenterat i sin rapport. Vänerns medelvattenstånd ligger i dag på + 44,3 m (RH70). Under en 100-årsperiod är det 1% risk att den dimensionerande nivån uppkommer. Enligt klimat- och sårbarhetsutredningen är det alltså möjligt att vattennivån kan stiga med ca tre m vid ett extremfall. Detta kan medföra en rad olika konsekvenser för kommunerna runt Vänern och längs Göta älv. NCC är intresserade av att få kännedom om de åtgärder som kommunerna planerar att vidta för att skydda ny och befintlig bebyggelse mot översvämningar och skred till följd av högre vattennivåer. De är även intresserade av hur åtgärder skall finansieras samt vilken byggvolym kommunerna planerar för inför framtiden. Det som har skett inom kommunerna hittills är att det under våren 2008 startats ett gemensamt samarbete där målet är att komma fram till en gemensam ståndpunkt gentemot staten i denna fråga. Först och främst måste en konsekvensbeskrivning tas fram för att kunna visa vilka följder en översvämning kan tänkas föra med sig för respektive kommun. Därpå skall ett bra geografisk material tas fram för att få fram höjderna på marken och därefter kunna simulera hur vattennivåerna kommer att drabba kommunerna. Utifrån detta kan en samhällsekonomisk kalkyl göras av vad skadorna förväntas bli. Under våren 2008 beslutade även länsstyrelsen i Västra Götaland tillsammans med Vattenfall om en akut strategi för att reglera Vänerns högsta vattennivåer. Överenskommelsen innebär att Vattenfall veckovis tappar ur Vänern med hänsyn till högsta beräknade vattenstånd. Enligt beräkningar som Länsstyrelsen gjort i samråd med Vattenfall och SMHI har man kommit fram till en avtappningsstrategi där Vänerns högsta vattennivå kan minskas med upp till 40 cm. Varje enskild kommun har även lokala åtgärdsplaner för att skydda sig mot översvämningar och skred. Det stora problemet anses i de flesta kommuner vara hur den befintliga bebyggelsen skall skyddas medan all nyproduktion i de flesta fall inte uppförs lägre än vad den dimensionerande nivån säger. Angående finansieringsfrågan råder det delade meningar. Vissa av kommunerna anser att fastighetsägaren själv får finansiera de åtgärder som måste vidtas medan vissa kommuner anser att kostnaderna kommer bli så höga att ett statligt stöd krävs. / The purpose of this project is to give the construction company NCC a basis for how the municipalities around Vänern and along the river Göta plans in front of the new dimensioning water level at +47,4 m (RH70) as the climate - and vulnerability investigation presented in their report. Vänern's average water level is today +44,3 m (RH70). During a 100-year period is it 1% risk that that the dimensioning water level arises. According to the climate - and vulnerability investigation is it therefore possible that the water level can ascend with approximately three m at an extreme case. This can mean a series of different consequences for the municipalities around Vänern and along the river Göta. NCC is interested in getting knowledge about the measures that the municipalities plan to take in order to protect newly and existing settlement against floods and landslides as a result of higher water levels. They are also interested in how the measures will be financed and what construction volume the municipalities plan to do in the future. What the municipalities have done so far is that they during the spring 2008 has started a common cooperation where the objective is to come until a common position towards the government in this matter. The first thing to do is to make a consequence description to show what result a flood can make in each municipality. Subsequently, a reliable geographic material will be made in order to get the heights of the land and then simulate how the water levels will strike the municipalities. On the basis of this a socio-economic calculation can be done to see what damages that will be expected. During the spring 2008 the county administration in Västra Götaland along with Vattenfall decided about an urgent strategy in order to regulate Vänern's highest water levels. The agreement means that Vattenfall weekly draws Vänern regarding the highest estimated water levels. The county administration has in consultation with Vattenfall and the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute drawn up a drawing strategy and according to calculations the highest water level of Vänern can be decreased up to 40 cm. Each individual municipality also has local action plans in order to protect itself against floods and landslides. The big problem in most of the municipalities is how the existing settlement will be protected while all new production in most cases is not built lower than what the dimensioning level says. Concerning the financial matter there are different views. Some of the municipalities consider that the real-estate owner alone has to finance the measures that must be taken while some of the municipalities consider that the costs will become so great that a government subsidy is required.

One of mankind’s most important needs is the need for shelter. All around the world people live in lack of this basic need. Colombia is a South American country heavily burdened by civil war for many years. This has led to that many people have moved to the larger cities with large slum areas and bad living conditions. This thesis is aiming to give a solution to the problem with bad housing and it is performed in cooperation with Ankarstiftelsen. Ankarstiftelsen is a Swedish charity organisation that works with the suffering people in various places in Colombia. This thesis examines the possibility to build a house in a sandwich technique with a core of rigid plastic foam and a skin material of fibre reinforced plastic. The construction should be as easy as possible to manufacture, and the construction is also intended to be self carrying. The final proposition is to build the house using polyurethane rigid foam as the core, and a glass fibre reinforced polyester as the skin. This combination combines good mechanical behaviour with a relatively low price. Tests have been performed to evaluate the constructions ability to withstand some basic loads, with the help of computer aided engineering. The program that has been used to create a model is ProEngineer, and the application ProMechanica has been used to perform the analysis. The loads that have been tested are: gravity loads, wind loads, maintenance loads and earthquake loads.  Colombia is located in the so called Pacific Ring of Fire, where earthquakes are a bitter reality.  The Colombian building code is, as a result of this, much focused on the issue of earthquake safety. The Colombian building code has been used in order to create reliable earthquake testing models. The authors come to the conclusion that the house is possible to build with the given data. However, further investigations regarding manufacturing techniques and practical tests have to be made before the house can be built in reality.

As a result of the so called “Million Program” between the years 1965 – 1975 the design-build contract had its breakthrough in Sweden. Since then, the contract form has become increasingly common and now holds a strong position on the Swedish market. In design-build contracts it’s usual that the design and production time is overlapping. The contract form gives an opportunity to build in less time because the production can begin before the building is fully designed. These premises demands good collaboration between the contractor and the designers because they are working closer and are more dependent of each other, compared to other contract forms. The collaboration becomes even more important in large construction projects as more partners and larger organizations are involved. The purpose of this essay is to highlight both contractors and designers opinions, attitudes and perceptions of how they want to work in large construction projects performed on design-build contracts. Based on this the essay should present how the partners should work in relation to each other, to achieve improved collaboration in future projects. In addition to the literature review made to provide a background and put the study in a context, three case studies have been carried out. The studied projects are Swedbank Arena in Solna, Hotel Courtyard by Marriott in Kungsholmen and Hotel Clarion at Stockholm Arlanda airport. The case studies consist mainly of interviews with leaders in both the designer and contractor organizations in the various projects. The following are some of the conclusions summarized from the analysis made in this essay: How should the contractor and designer work to achieve better collaboration in future construction projects? Test new forms of collaboration, such as partnering with designers as a participant together with the developer and contractor Create common economic incentives Use joint project offices (collocation) to a greater extent Earmark money for learning and experience feedback Keywords: design-build contract, partnering, relationship, communication, learning, experience feedback.