O objetivo da presente dissertação é analisar a relação estabelecida entre o estabelecimento de ensino superior privado e seus alunos, principalmente quanto à qualidade do serviço educacional prestado. Por se tratar de uma relação de consumo, a prestação de serviços educacionais sem a observância do padrão de qualidade, conforme previsto na Constituição Federal, pode caracterizar vício do serviço, o que resultaria na responsabilidade do fornecedor, nos termos do Código de Defesa do Consumidor. No que concerne à aferição da qualidade do serviço prestado, entendemos que a utilização dos indicadores quantitativos provenientes das avaliações realizadas pelo Estado não é adequada, uma vez que desconsidera os elementos subjetivos envolvidos na prestação de serviços educacionais, importantes no aprendizado do aluno. Finalmente, analisa-se a participação do Estado na ocorrência do vício de qualidade, frente ao seu dever de credenciar e fiscalizar a qualidade do serviço, e em que medida o Poder Público poderia ser responsabilizado. / The objective of the present essay is to analyze the relationship between the establishment of private higher education and its students, mainly towards the quality of educational service which is offered. Because it is about a consume relationship, the educational customer service without the compliance of quality standard, as per the Federal Constitution, can characterize vicious of service, what would result in the suppliers responsibility, according to the terms of the Code of Consumer Defense. Concerning the standardization of quality of service provided, we understand that the use of quantitative indicators from evaluations performed by the State is not adequate, once that it considers the subjective elements involved on the educational customer service, important to the students learning. Finally, we analyze the participation of the State on the occurrence of vicious of quality, concerning its duty of accrediting and supervising the service quality, and at what lever the Public Power could be responsible.

A formação territorial do Brasil foi marcada por duas grandes características: a grande extensão das propriedades e a indefinição quanto aos seus limites. Se em um primeiro momento a sua aquisição se dava por concessões feitas pela Coroa Portuguesa, ou pela simples ocupação, com o passar do tempo também surgiram vendas entre os próprios particulares. Com estas características, uma questão inevitável surge já no final do século XIX na doutrina e jurisprudência brasileiras: havendo divergência entre a área tratada e a efetivamente apurada, a quem cabe a responsabilidade? O primeiro problema é o do direito aplicável: Ordenações ou Direito Subsidiário? E, neste último caso, qual seria o direito? Os Códigos Civis de 1916 e de 2002 trouxeram em seu bojo artigos tratando especificamente da questão. Contudo, permaneceram dúvidas, em especial quanto à natureza da proteção concedida às partes chave de todo o sistema. O presente trabalho pretende demonstrar, com base em subsídios históricos, que a solução tradicionalmente adotada a cisão das vendas entre ad corpus e ad mensuram é inadequada, propondo um outro modo, resgatado do passado, de se compreender o tema. / The territorial evolution of Brazil is regarded by two important characteristics: the great extension of the land properties, and the unclear definition of its limits. At first, the acquisition of land occurred by concession of the Portuguese monarchy or simply by the territorial occupation. Later on, there would be a land trade between commoners. By the end of the nineteenth century, the characteristics of the land occupation bring about an unavoidable question to the legal thinkers and court decisions: who should be responsible in case of divergence between the contracted dimensions and the found dimensions ? The first problem regards the applicable law. Portuguese \"Ordenações do Reino\" or the \"Direito Subsidiário\"? And, on the latter case, what would be the solution? The Brazilian civil codes of 1916 and 2002 brought within articles regarding the question. Nevertheless, there is still uncertainty, especially concerning the nature of the legal protection given to the parts - the key of the whole system. The aim of the present work is to demonstrate that, based on the historical facts, the solution traditionally adopted - the division of the purchasing agreements, between ad corpus and ad mensuram selling - is inappropriate. In addition, the work proposes a distinctive way of understanding the topic, based on the past.

The purpose of this thesis is to identify the influence of the doctrines of the Medieval European Ius Commune on the Scots law of moveable succession in the crucial period of its development: from the Reformation to approximately 1700. To this purpose, this research is dealing with the Scottish writings, case law and archival materials, comparing them with the relevant Civilian and Canonistic texts and treatises of Medieval and Early Modern Continental authors. This research specially concentrates on particular fields within the Scots law of succession. In some fields, such as the constitution and form of testamentary deeds and the destinations (tailzies), the Ius Commune influence was quite weak, but even there it is discernible in specific issues. The same can be said of the Scottish attitude to the agreements on future succession (pacta successoria); in this respect, as my thesis shows, Scots law used to have more in common with the Civil law than it has now. On the other hand, the influence of the Continental doctrines was much more noticeable in the fields of the evidential force of last wills and the donations mortis causa. However, beginning from the 1660s, Scottish practice in these fields diverged from the Continental models. This was due to various practical reasons. The regulation of the office of executor in Scotland in the 1500-1700, in many respects, seems to be heavily inspired by the Ius Commune regulation and by English practice of that time. In some respects, Scots practice on the office of executor followed the Ius Commune rules more closely than English practice. In summary, the influence of the Ius Commune on the Scots law of succession in this period was real, due both to the retaining of tradition of ecclesiastical jurisdiction and to the knowledge of doctrine by the judges and litigants. However, this influence was often fragmentary and not properly expressed in the litigation and writings.

RESIDENTIAL LEASE ABSTRACT This thesis aims to provide complex analysis of a legal institute of residential lease based on current legal framework (in particular Act No. 89/2012 Sb.) in comparison with the previous legal framework (in particular Act No. 40/1964 Sb., in the version effective on 31 December 2013) while considering the historical context of older legal frameworks of residential lease and the milestones in the development of civil law on our territory. The thesis is structured into 3 chapters which are further divided into subchapters, sections and subsections. The first chapter is devoted to the development of legal framework of residential lease on our territory (except for Roman law framework) until 1989. The beginning of the first chapter outlines the Roman law together with the medieval Koldín's Code. Subsequently are described general characteristics within the historical context of the key Civil Codes which were in force in the specific period on our territory including the General Civil Code (Imperial Patent No. 946/1811 Sb. z. s.), the Civil Code of 1950 (Act No. 141/1950 Sb.) and the Civil Code of 1964 (Act No. 40/1964 Sb.). The legal frameworks of residential lease, or personal use, which were included in the mentioned codes, are elaborated on in more detail in this chapter together...

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Originally presented as the author's Thesis (doctoral)--Universität zu Köln, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (D. Jur.)--York University, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 377-399). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ59160.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Leipzig, 2001/2002.

The topic of this thesis is legal transplants in China since 1978. The first part is devoted to a presentation of contextual elements of Chinese Law, with a critical discussion of various theories of legal transplants, including the most recent Chinese scholarship on this topic. The second part contrasts the influence, on the Chinese legal reforms, of the continental (or civilian) legal tradition with that of the common law. To this end, the author uses a study of the reception of the bona fide principle and of the fairness principle in The Contract Law of the People's Republic of China, with a discussion of the future Chinese Civil Code. The common law's influence, in the same law, is then presented with a focus on the doctrines of anticipatory breach and indirect agency. In the end, the author explains why the civilian legal tradition will remain the dominant, but not exclusive, model on Chinese legal reforms.

This thesis investigates the history and phenomenon of legal pluralism in Indonesia. The need to explore this topic has been urged by the revival there of Islamic law and adat law, the two greatest non-state normative orderings, in the last two decades. At the same time the ideal of modernity in Indonesia has been characterized by a state-driven effort in the post-colonial era to make the institution of law an inseparable part of national development. The result has been a conception of law as a homogenous system in which the ideology of legal positivism represents the basic tool for lawmaking. This, however, has led to an impasse, seeing that pluralism and multiculturalism are in fact self-evident phenomena in the society. The state has been obliged, therefore, to accommodate these non-state normative orderings. / The discussion of Indonesian legal pluralism in this thesis focuses on understanding the state's attitude and behavior towards the three largest legal traditions currently operative in the society, i.e., adat law, Islamic law and civil law. Socio-political factors are shown to have much influenced the relations between state and non-state laws. The state's strategy of accommodation of legal pluralism has in fact largely depended on the extent to which those legal traditions have been able to conform to national ideology. Certain "national legal postulates" have functioned as a yardstick by which the country's legislative and judicial institutions have measured the extent of their accommodation of legal pluralism, although they have had little choice but to do so. / Influenced by Masaji Chiba's theory of "three levels of law" (i.e., official law, unofficial law and legal postulates), this thesis analyzes two aspects of legal pluralism in Indonesia: the political and "conflictual" domains of legal pluralism. The analysis is thus generally based on the state policy of legal pluralism reflected in the legal and political strategies confronting the issue of unofficial laws as well as the conflicts arising from such situations. The first aspect is addressed by looking at a number of statutes and regulations promulgated specifically to deal with Islamic law and adat law, while the second is analyzed in terms of actual cases of private interpersonal law arising from conflict between state and non-state legal traditions, as reflected in legislation and court decisions. From a discussion of these two aspects, the thesis concludes that, although the form of the relations between official and unofficial laws may have changed in conjunction with the socio-political situation of the country, the logic behind legal pluralism has in fact never altered, i.e., to use law as a tool of state modernism. Thus conflicts arising from the encounter between different legal traditions will usually be resolved by means of "national legal postulates," making the unofficial laws more susceptible to the state's domination of legal interpretation and resolution.