The purpose of this qualitative study is to gain knowledge about the attitude of preschool teachers and to understand its role in linguistic development of multilingual children.  In this study, we interview eight teachers who work in multicultural preschools. Qualitative assessment of the interviews demonstrates the use of multiple knowledge sources and working methods, which help in developing the linguistic capabilities of a multilingual child. The results also make it clear that one knowledge source is similar among all preschools teachers. Most preschool teachers bear a positive attitude towards collegiate learning as the concept of knowledge source. Experience and knowledge of colleagues have the best available and essential skills in this context. Their working methods vary due to the nature and backgrounds of children. In addition, the results highlight the need for further education of preschool teachers and support on issues related to children's language and culture.

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Little research exists on gender differences regarding prevalence or perceptions of risk associated with college students’ misuse, illegal consumption, and diversion of prescription stimulant medications. Data from Mississippi State University undergraduates (N = 1,714) were examined for gender differences in illicit behaviors and related risk perceptions. Men were more likely to report consumption and diversion, but not more likely to report misuse of their own prescription stimulants. Overall, men reported lower risk perceptions associated with consumption of others’ prescription stimulants. This finding held true for legal and health risk perceptions for those uninvolved in diversion or consumption, for health risk perceptions for those who report consumption, and for social risk perceptions for those who report diversion. Although some analyses were underpowered, results help clarify how researchers define and measure these behaviors, determine possible relationships between risk perceptions and illicit use of prescription stimulant medications, and identify potential targets for intervention.

The current study explored how fan identification and negative rival perception affect the decision to blast or support the rival in indirect competition in college football. 258 participants (M age=24.15, 51.16% female) responded after being targeted via social media, email, and in person. Fans higher in identification had a more negative rival perception, were more likely to blast the rival, and were less likely to support the rival in indirect competition. A negative rival perception increased blasting and decreased rival support. The results contribute to current literature on rivalry and fan identification and aid marketers in marketing segmentation and targeting new segments to increase viewership and attendance.

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In this master's thesis, I studied the migration of Lithuanian swimmers to the United States. This study covered the period from 1990 when Lithuania regained its independence from the Soviet Union to 2004 when it joined the European Union and opened up to the free labor market movement.  In the 20th century, sports activity grew into a global and multi-billion-dollar industry. Currently, research into the sports migration process is becoming increasingly important in the scientific discourse of sports science. However, it is still a relatively rare occurrence.  Various research and insights into this phenomenon can only be discovered in the context of professional sports such as football, basketball, hockey, rugby, and other popular sports. However, in the area of ​​non-revenue sports, migration is a relatively unexplored area. In this way, my master's study analyzing migration in swimming will be one of the first steps in further research. This master's study tried to fill the gap in the academic discourse by deepening and gaining data on the narrow field of Lithuanian swimmers. As swimming is not a commercially successful sport, the United States was the only destination to migrate for Lithuanian swimmers. Research by Bale (1991) showed that the one main reason for the migration of international student-athletes to American universities is academic sports scholarships, which provide free participation in sports and higher education. This study will help strengthen prior findings and unveil other factors and reasons affecting the migration of international students to U.S. universities. The findings of this study contributed to a deeper understanding of the situation and motivation of migrants athletes in non-revenue sports. The study results also provide insights and context for a better understanding of the reasons for migration from the small post-Soviet country. The research showed that most Lithuanian swimmers recognized better conditions to improve abroad than in Lithuania. The quality of most of their sports training conditions was poor or insufficient. The recruitment process and contacts played an essential role in establishing connections with university coaches; only after establishing relationships with coaches in America, Lithuanian swimmers opened their way to the United States.  The study utilized a qualitative case study methodology, including twelve semi-structured interviews. Eight interviews were done with swimmers who went to the United States to compete in sports and receive education, and four interviews were done with athletes who remained to develop their talents in Lithuania. All the interviews were analyzed using the thematic analysis method. This master's thesis applied world-systems theory (Wallerstein, 1974) as a framework for exploring and understanding the experiences and motivations of research participants from their experienced perspective.

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Thesis (M. Ed. (Mathematics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / The purpose of this study was to document my enactment of the five key strategies of assessment for learning in my mathematics classroom to account for learners' mathematical understanding. I used a constructivism teaching experiment methodology to explore learners' mathematical activities as they interacted in the classroom. Twenty-five learners from my Grade 10 mathematics class took part in the study. Data were gathered through classroom observations, written work samples from learners, and the teacher's reflective journal. My enactment of the five key strategies enabled learners to participate in classroom discussions, collaborate with their peers, and use self-assessment tools while engaging in classroom interactions. The major findings revealed that, through my enactment of the five key strategies, learners developed conceptual understanding, procedural fluency and strategic competence of the concepts taught. In addition, practices such as the development of lesson plans detailing how the five key strategies will be enacted in the classroom, use of comment – only feedback for grading learners’ work, creating a conducive learning environment to allow the use of peer and self-assessment allowed for a meaningful enactment of assessment for learning in my classroom. Strategies four and five, whose primary goal is to encourage learners' participation in the lesson, were critical in promoting learners' mathematical understanding.

The purpose of this study was to assess and determine the current level of knowledge that National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Strength and Conditioning Coaches (SCCs) possess regarding exertional heat stroke (EHS) prevention and recognition and to determine if SCC certification type had any effect. Major findings of this study support the view that SCCs need more preparation, education and training to increase their competency in preventing and recognizing EHS. Research found that there was no significant difference in scores on the EHS scale based on SCC certification (CSCS vs. SCCC) after accounting for experience, education or division but the CSCS certified professionals scored higher on all the factors as compared to SCCs without the CSCS.. The major key finding was that SCCs lacked essential knowledge to prevent or recognize EHS. Furthermore, the study defines relevant EHS prevention and recognition competencies that an undergraduate curriculum, graduate curriculum and professional certification providers, should include and emphasize in their preparation programs.

Administrators and coaches in universities and colleges have focused on their students' moral development since the beginning of the higher education system. Students who participate in sports activities have acknowledged that they develop many life skills, including ethical behaviors, that can translate to non-sport environments, such as the classroom. Students who participate in organized sports programs in college often acknowledge their coach as a significant source of their development, due to the amount of time athletes and coaches spend with each other. Recently, instances of cheating have become widespread throughout American higher education. In this dissertation, I seek to evaluate the role that coaches, and overall sports participation has on the development of students' ethical behaviors both within sports and outside of the sport environment. I conducted three quantitative studies to evaluate the role that coaches play in the development of ethical behaviors in sports (as measured through sportsmanship), the similarities and differences in sportsmanship between participation in varsity or club sports, and the role that sports participation has on self-reported instances of cheating. I find that coaching behaviors that instill sportsmanship behaviors are similar to behaviors identified in youth sports and that the coaching behaviors are more predictive of coaches caring that their athletes act in a sportsmanlike way within varsity athletes than club athletes. Lastly, this study also indicates that participation in recreational sports programs is related to self-reported instances of cheating. The three studies identify that sports participation influences the development of ethical behaviors within college students.