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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

When Killing your Darlings Becomes Vital : Centrala avvägningar vid hantering av disruptiv innovation / When Killing your Darlings Becomes Vital

Dahlén, Marcus, Lago, Louise January 2022 (has links)
Bakgrund: Branschen för tunga kommersiella fordon har historiskt verkat i en relativt mogen kontext, där värdeerbjudandet kretsat kring inkrementella förbättringar av förbränningsmotorn. Ett ökat behov av hållbara transporter och nya framväxande teknologier gör nu inträde i branschen vilket skapar en disruptiv affärskontext som sätter sedan länge rådande affärsmodeller och strategier ur spel. För att som etablerad aktör i branschen förbli relevant krävs anpassning. Med begränsade resurser måste nya investeringar balanseras med behovet av att vårda den dagliga verksamheten. Genom att beakta centrala avvägningar kan övergången hanteras. Syfte: Denna studies syfte är att med ett explorativt förhållningssätt bidra till ökad förståelse för hur etablerade företag inom branschen för tunga kommersiella fordon hanterar en disruptiv affärskontext, genom att se till de centrala avvägningar som behöver göras för att klara av omställningen till ett disruptivt affärslandskap. Metod: Studien har antagit en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi med en fallstudiedesign. Den vetenskapliga inriktningen är realism och studien har en abduktiv forskningsansats. Datainsamling har skett genom 11 semistrukturerade intervjuer och dokumentstudier. Studiens analysmetod är tematisk analys. Slutsats: Branschen för tunga kommersiella fordon är i starten av disruptiv innovation vilket leder till en disruptiv affärskontext. Etablerade aktörer därinom behöver anpassa sig för att vidhålla dess relevans i branschen och långsiktigt överleva som företag. Vid denna anpassning finner studien att etablerade aktörer kan lära av gårdagen, planera för morgondagen och agera idag genom att se till de centrala avvägningarna: Driva eller drivas av efterfrågan, Resursallokering och portföljutformning, Modulariseringsstrategi, Företagets inblandning med externa parter, Rollen som OEM i det framtida transportekosystemet. Samtliga avvägningar påverkar etablerade aktörers förmåga att hantera en disruptiv affärskontext både positivt och negativt och måste beaktas av etablerade aktörer som anpassar sig till disruptiv innovation. / Background: The industry for heavy commercial vehicles has historically operated in a relatively mature context, where the value proposition has revolved around incremental improvements of the internal combustion engine. An increased need for sustainable transport and new emerging technology is now entering the industry, which creates a disruptive business context that puts longstanding business models and strategies out of play. In order for incumbents in the industry to remain adequate, adapting is required. With limited resources, new investments must be balanced with the need of nurturing the day-to-day operations. By taking key trade-offs into account the transition can be managed. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to contribute with an exploratory approach to a greater understanding of how established companies in the heavy commercial vehicle industry handle a disruptive business context, by looking at the key trade-offs that need to be considered to cope with the transition to a disruptive business landscape. Methodology: The study has been conducted with a qualitative research strategy and case study design. The research approach is realism, and the study has an abductive research approach. The gathering of empirical data has been conducted through 11 semi-structured interviews and document studies. The study has utilised a thematic analysis. Conclusion: The industry for heavy commercial vehicles is at the start of disruptive innovation, which leads to a disruptive business context. Incumbents need to adapt to maintain their relevance in the industry and survive as a company in the long term. With this adaptation, the study finds that incumbents can learn from yesterday, plan for tomorrow and act today by looking to the following key trade-offs: Drive or driven by demand, Resource allocation and portfolio design, Modularisation strategy, The company's involvement with external parties, The role as OEM in the future transport ecosystem. All trade-offs affect the ability of established players to handle a disruptive business context both positively and negatively and must be considered by incumbents who adapt to disruptive innovation.
42

Policy Tools for the Decarbonisation of Urban Freight Transport in Brazil

Mandana, Raghav Somayya January 2021 (has links)
There has been an increase in the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the last 3 decades. A large share of these emissions is produced by the transport sector. In 2010 alone, global transport accounted for 7 GtCO2 eq and approximately 23% of total energy-related CO2 emissions. In order for the decarbonisation of the transport sector, one of the most important strategies is to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuel consumption can be reduced by rolling out more battery electric vehicles (BEVs) on public roads. This is one of the methods by which the concept of electromobility is promoted. In order to increase the share of EVs, many countries have implemented different policies that promote the electrification of the transport sector. With respect to freight transport, electric commercial vans are one of the feasible choices.  This Master thesis involves a quantitative study which focus on the “total cost of ownership” (TCO) of light commercial vehicles (LCVs). Two diesel vans currently used in Curitiba, Brazil were selected - the Sprinter van by Mercedes-Benz and the Master van by Renault. In addition, their electric counterparts were also chosen; in conjunction, a sensitivity analysis with respect to fuel prices and annual distance driven was conducted. The results showed that the TCO of the electric LCVs is around 1.6 to 1.7 times higher than their diesel versions. As far as the two van model types were concerned, the Mercedes-Benz Sprinter had a higher TCO than the Renault Master over the chosen vehicle lifetime for both the diesel and electric versions, with the difference around 7.5% for the diesel versions and approximately 13% for the electric versions.  Based on the results of the TCO study, possible economic policies and fiscal instruments were recommended with regards to light commercial freight transport for Curitiba. / Det har skett en ökning av koldioxidutsläppen (CO2) under de senaste 3 decennierna. En stor del av dessa utsläpp produceras av transportsektorn. Bara 2010 svarade, global transport för 7 GtCO2 ekvivalenter och cirka 23% av de totala energirelaterade koldioxidutsläppen. För att avkolning av transportsektorn är en av de viktigaste strategierna att minska användningen av fossila bränslen. Fossil bränsleförbrukning kan minskas genom att rulla ut fler elektriska fordon (EF) på allmänna vägar när det gäller transportsektorn i allmänhet. Detta är en av metoderna som begreppet elektromobilitet främjas. För att öka andelen elbilar har många länder genomfört olika policyer som främjar elektrifiering av transportsektorn. När det gäller godstransport, är elektriska kommersiella lastbilar och skåpbilar två av de möjliga valen.  Detta examensarbete involverar en kvantitativ studie som fokuserar på “totala ägandekostnaderna” (TÄK) för lätta nyttofordon. Två dieselbilar som för närvarande används i Curitiba, Brasilien valdes - Sprinter-skåpbilen från Mercedes-Benz och Master-skåpbilen av Renault. Dessutom valdes deras elektriska motsvarigheter; i samband med detta genomfördes en känslighetsanalys avseende bränslepriser och årlig körd distans. Resultaten visade att T för elektriska LCV är cirka 1.6 till 1.7 gånger högre än deras dieselversioner. När det gäller de två typerna av skåpbilar hade Mercedes-Benz Sprinter en högre TCO än Renault Master under den valda fordonstiden för både diesel - och elektriska versioner, med skillnaden cirka 7.5% för dieselversionerna och cirka 13% för de elektriska versionerna.  Baserat på resultaten av TCO-studien rekommenderades möjlig ekonomisk politik och finanspolitiska instrument när det gäller lätt kommersiell godstransport för Curitiba.
43

Advanced Control Strategies for Diesel Engine Thermal Management and Class 8 Truck Platooning

John Foster (9179864) 29 July 2020 (has links)
<div> <div> <div> <p>Commercial vehicles in the United States account for a significant fraction of greenhouse gas emissions and NOx emissions. The objectives of this work are reduction in commercial vehicle NOx emissions through enhanced aftertreatment thermal management via diesel engine variable valve actuation and the reduction of commercial vehicle fuel consumption/GHG emissions by enabling more effective class 8 truck platooning. </p> <p><br></p><p>First, a novel diesel engine aftertreatment thermal management strategy is proposed which utilizes a 2-stroke breathing variable value actuation strategy to increase the mass flow rate of exhaust gas. Experiments showed that when allowed to operate with modestly higher engine-out emissions, temperatures comparable to baseline could be achieved with a 1.75x exhaust mass flow rate, which could be beneficial for heating the SCR catalyst in a cold-start scenario. </p> <p><br></p><p>Second, a methodology is presented for characterizing aerodynamic drag coefficients of platooning trucks using experimental track-test data, which allowed for the development of high-fidelity platoon simulations and thereby enabled rapid development of advanced platoon controllers. Single truck and platoon drag coefficients were calculated for late model year Peterbilt 579’s based on experimental data collected during J1321 fuel economy tests for a two-truck platoon at 65 mph with a 55’ truck gap. Results show drag coefficients of 0.53, 0.50, and 0.45 for a single truck, a platoon front truck, and a platoon rear truck, respectively. </p> <p><br></p><p>Finally, a PID-based platoon controller is presented for maximizing fuel savings and gap control on hilly terrain using a dynamically-variable platoon gap. The controller was vetted in simulation and demonstrated on a vehicle in closed-course functionality testing. Simulations show that the controller is capable of 6-9% rear truck fuel savings on a heavily-graded route compared to a production-intent platoon controller, while increasing control over the truck gap to discourage other vehicles from cutting in. </p></div></div></div>

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