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Chronic exhaustion is a consequence of detrimental working conditions and demands, as well as inadequate coping techniques, potentially resulting in burnout. Previous research has studied occupational environment and individual factors as predictors of exhaustion. Although these differ between former East and West German states, the regional distinction regarding exhaustion has been neglected. To fill this gap, we used the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory in a representative German sample from 2014 to assess the burnout symptom exhaustion. Estimating ordinary least squares regressions, important burnout predictors were compared between the former East and West German states. Regional differences concerning occupational environments were related to the associations between individual factors, situational aspects of technostress and exhaustion. Associations between individual factors (e.g., female sex, lower working hours, age, partnership status, and household income) and exhaustion were stronger in East Germany, whereas technostress (strain of internet use, number of e-mails during leisure time, and social pressure to be constantly available) was more strongly associated with exhaustion in West Germany. Despite lower financial gratification and a higher social pressure to be constantly available in the East, West Germans were more afflicted by exhaustion. Individual factors and technostress should thus be considered when focusing on job-related mental health issues.

Politically interested individual citizens often use information and communication technology (ICT) to facilitate and augment their civic and political participation. At the local level, ICT plays an important role for communication and information sharing in order for local groups to create awareness and draw citizens into public deliberation about local issues and concerns. This research examines the interplay of individual and local group level factors in order to better understand the relationship between civic engagement and ICT, especially the internet, by using household survey data from the town of Blacksburg, Virginia and environs in 2005 and 2006. It seeks to reconcile those different levels of analysis relating to the use and impact of the internet on civic engagement in local governance. This study identifies the distinctive influences at both the individual citizen level and the group level by applying a multilevel statistical model (the Hierarchical Linear Model). First, this study found the effects of internal and external political efficacy and community collective efficacy as significant individual level influences on internet use for civic and political purposes. Second, group internet use—which includes new internet technologies—and group political discussion were revealed as key influences on citizens' perspectives on the helpfulness of the internet for civic and political purposes at the group level of analysis. Finally, in multilevel analysis, those recognized group level variables (group internet use and group political discussion and interests) led to positive agreement with the following statements: 1) the internet has helped me feel more connected with people like myself in the local area; 2) the internet has helped me feel more connected with a diversity of people in the local area; and 3) the internet has helped me become more involved in local issues that interest me when taking individual level variables into account. / Ph. D.

A l'heure actuelle, de nombreuses entreprises peuvent d'ores et déjà exercer leurs activités dans d'autres pays sans avoir besoin d'y établir une présence physique. Dans le cadre de ce travail, la principale problématique était de savoir comment préserver le recouvrement des recettes publiques (la TVA et l'impôt sur les bénéfices des sociétés) en matière de services immatériels transfrontaliers à l'ère des technologies de l'information et de la communication. Dans cette perspective, il apparaît que la question du rattachement territorial des prestations de services immatérielles est étroitement liée à une problématique d'identification et de localisation des protagonistes. Dès lors, il est nécessaire de poursuivre le développement de la synergie entre les différentes administrations de l'Etat, et de renforcer la coopération, voire la coordination, entre les administrations fiscales et les acteurs du numérique. / Currently, many companies may already operate in other countries without needing to have a physical presence. In this work, the main problem was to know how to preserve the revenue of the states (VAT and tax on corporate profits) in the context of immaterial beyond-borders services in the era of IT. In this perspective, it appears that the question of territorial connection of immaterial services is closely related to a problem of identification and location of the parties.Therefore, it is necessary to continue the cooperation and even to coordinate, first, between various authorities in France, and secondly, between tax authorities and IT providers.

TITLE: Possibilities of interactive whiteboard in education ABSTRAKT: The dissertation is focused on the usage of didactic technology especially interactive whiteboards in education of mathematics in elementary and secondary schools. The theoretical part deals with particular types of whiteboards and software of different companies. It introduces the basics and possibilities in use of interactive whiteboard in education of mathematics. The dissertation also contains processed and practice-tested lessons created by ACTIV Studio software for the chosen subject of the mathematics curriculum - Sets. This effort should be a good inspiration for all pedagogues in their initial work with interactive whiteboards. KEY WORDS: Information and Communication Technologies, interactive whiteboards, ACTIV Studio, Mathematics, advanced method of education

This thesis deals with cyber bullying and teachers awareness about this socio-pathological phenomenon. The theoretical part describes the concept and forms of cyber bullying, defines and describes the consequences for the cyber bullying victim. The work is dedicated to the elementary school cyber bullying prevention and defines how parents and teachers are involved with. This work describes some projects focused on safer use of the Internet. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the topic of cyber bullying and its prevention from the perspective of educators in selected primary schools. The second objective is to determine what do teachers know about the observed phenomenon and how do they perceive its prevention. Qualitative research in empirical part of the work is based on interviews with teachers. Interviews are conducted with regard to the topics content analysis in the theoretical part of the work.

TITLE: Use of information and communication technologies in English language teaching AUTHOR: Bc. Martin Klán DEPARTMENT: Department of School & Social Education SUPERVISOR: PhDr. RNDr. Hana Voňková, PhD., PhD. ABSTRACT: Both foreign and Czech literature point out that information and communication technologies are becoming more and more integral part of education. This presented diploma thesis provides basic outline of information and communication technologies and possibilities of their use with respect to English language teaching. This thesis tries to outline effective use of ICT in English language teaching and focuses mainly on electronic communication, the Internet calling and features of blogging. The aim of the thesis is to find out pupils'attitudes towards English language teaching at Secondary Vocational School in Hořovice, their previous experience with electronic communication, their preferred and dispreferred activities during English language teaching and finally their opinion on using the Internet calling and e-mail by means of a questionnaire and data analysis. Possibility of using electronic communication and calling via the Internet in English language teaching is realized as a project.

The main goal of the thesis is to describe the development and the extent of media didactics in the Czech republic. The authors who examine media pedagogy are PhDr. Jan Mašek, Ph.D. a Mgr. Zdeněk Sloboda. The subject of the thesis is to clarify the concept of media didactics. This is important for the formation of historical development of the use of media during the teaching and for highlight the importance of media during the teaching and teaching with the use of media. Finally, the thesis try to find out the effects and the extent of tablets in the czech education system. By using quantitative questionnaire research was examined 200 teachers of primary schools, secondary schools and grammar schools. Based on the acquired data is possible to answer predetermined research questions: How widespread is the use of tablets during the teaching? What is the opinion of teachers to use tablets during the teaching? Does the use of tablets during the teaching influence the effectiveness of the teaching?

Esta dissertação traz um panorama das representações dos idosos em peças publicitárias em vídeo, com foco em imagens que retratam indivíduos desta faixa etária usando Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs). O objetivo da pesquisa empírica foi identificar quais são os estereótipos associados à velhice mais recorrentes nas propagandas brasileiras e como o idoso é abordado: como público-alvo relevante ou apenas como personagem. O corpus da análise foi composto por 42 anúncios publicitários, veiculados entre 2011 e 2017, que mostram idosos em interação com as TICs. A metodologia escolhida foi a Análise de Conteúdo (AC), especificamente a adaptação de Rose (2003), que contempla narrativas audiovisuais. Os indicadores observados foram elencados seguindo as mediações constituintes do mapa das mediações comunicativas da cultura, de Martín-Barbero (2015). Foi identificado que o segmento de mercado que mais utiliza personagens idosos em contato com as TICs é o de tecnologia em si, com 43% do total dos anúncios da amostra. Em seguida, surgem os bancos, com 24% da amostra. O estereótipo mais recorrente, presente em 37% das peças, foi chamado pela autora de \"avós digitais\" e reforça uma percepção de que o idoso é ligado à família, transmite amabilidade e gentileza e usa a tecnologia com desenvoltura. No total, sete estereótipos foram identificados, demonstrando uma heterogeneidade de visões acerca da velhice presente no mercado publicitário. O idoso conectado presente na publicidade em vídeo brasileira tem o papel principal de transmitir determinadas mensagens ligadas à tecnologia, reforçando seus atributos e conferindo às empresas algumas características específicas, que não teriam o mesmo impacto caso fossem passadas por personagens jovens ou adultos. / This dissertation presents an overview of the representation of the elderly in Brazilian video advertising, focusing on images that portray individuals of this age group using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) devices. The aim of the empirical research was to identify which are the most recurrent old-age stereotypes in Brazilian advertisement and how the elderly individuals are approached: as a relevant target audience or just as a character. The corpus\' analysis is composed of 42 commercials, served between 2011 and 2017, that showed the elderly in interaction with ICTs devices. The chosen methodology was the Content Analysis, specifically Rose\'s adaptation (2003), which contemplates audio-visual narratives. The indicators analysed were listed following the constituent mediations of the map of culture\'s communicative mediations, by Martín-Barbero (2015). The analysis identified that the market segment that explores the most older characters in contact with ICTs devices is the technology segment itself, with 43% of the ads analysed. Banks are second, with 24% of the sample. The most recurrent stereotype, present in 37% of the pieces, was named by the author \"digital grandparents\" and reinforces a perception that the elderly is connected to the family, transmits kindness and can use technology with no difficulties. Seven stereotypes were identified, which demonstrates a heterogeneity of visions about old age present in the advertising market. The connected elderly present in Brazilian video advertising has the main role of transmitting certain messages related to technology, reinforcing their attributes and giving companies some specific characteristics that would not have the same impact if they were passed by young or adult characters.

O desenvolvimento social sustentável é um tema presente nos atuais debates acadêmicos, governamentais e na sociedade em geral. Devido à complexidade do quadro social contemporâneo, é necessária a articulação e a formação de parcerias entre o Primeiro, o Segundo e o Terceiro Setores na busca de soluções efetivas e eficientes aos problemas brasileiros. Nesse processo, a comunicação e suas tecnologias desempenham papel fundamental. A Internet, que apresenta características diferenciadas dos demais meios de comunicação, disponibiliza um espaço virtual propício à comunicação entre vários usuários, à formação de comunidades virtuais e de redes, à interação e à colaboração entre os participantes da rede, sem obstáculos como tempo, espaço, e hierarquias. As organizações devem participar de forma ativa do ciberespaço, utilizando-o para potencializar suas relações, integração e colaboração com outras instituições, contribuindo para melhores resultados organizacionais e sociais. Este trabalho visa analisar as relações comunicacionais, que ocorrem atualmente no âmbito da Internet, entre instituições do Estado, Mercado e Terceiro Setor que atuam na busca e melhorias sociais para o país, e propor uma solução no ciberespaço que promova a comunicação, a articulação e a formação de parcerias intersetoriais. A ativação do e-social, e sua apreensão por cidadãos e organizações, pode aumentar as chances de articulações e de parcerias focadas no desenvolvimento social sustentável do país. / The social development is a subject which is widely discussed in academic, governmental and civil society circles. Because of the complexity of the current social scene, the action and the formation of partnerships among the First, Second and Third Sectors become necessary, in order to find effective and efficient solutions for the Brazilian social problems. In this process, the communication and its technologies have a fundamental role. The Internet, which presents different characteristics from the other communications vehicles, creates a virtual space that is adequate for the communication among many users, the formation of virtual communities and nets, as well as the interaction and collaboration among these users, without obstacles like time, space and social hierarchies. The organizations have to participate actively in the cyberspace, using it to intensify their relationships, integration and collaboration with other institutions, thus contributing to better social and organizational results. This work aims at analyzing the communicational relationships, which take place at the moment on the Internet ambit, among public, private and non-profit organizations that act in the search of social improvements for the country, and to propose a solution in the cyberspace which promotes the communication, action and formation of intersectorial partnerships. The e-social activation and its incorporation by citizens and organizations could increase the chances of action and partnerships focused on the social development of the country.