Forskning inom kriskommunikation tyder på att det är viktigt som företagare att hantera kriskommunikation väl, oavsett storlek på organisationen. Utsläppsskandalen VAG-koncernen orsakade hösten 2015 skakade bilvärlden. Miljoner fordon blev påverkade av skandalen utan förvarning. I dagsläget pågår fortfarande utsläppsskandalen.Syftet med studien var att beskriva och analysera hur VAG-koncernen kommunicerade under utsläppsskandalen, baserat på uttalanden som de själva gjort samt utifrån det bedöma hur koncernen hanterade krisen. Slutligen analyserades resultatet med diskussion där slutsatsenblev att VAG-koncernen överlag hanterat krisen på ett bra sätt genom att de bad om ursäkt för skandalen, tillsatte en ny ledningsgrupp, tog ansvar för situationen och försökte återställa allt så gott det gick. Det negativa var att de agerade långsamt. Rekommendationen från de teorier som använts i denna studie är att agera fort, inom 24-36 timmar efter krisens start. VAG-koncernens första uttalande kom sju dagar efter skandalens uppdagande.De teorier som vi oftast kunde koppla till VAG-koncernens uttalanden var Image Repair Theory (IRT) och Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT). Dessa teorier kopplades till alla tio uttalanden. Fem av uttalandena kopplades till strategin tillrättaläggande inom teorin IRT, vilket var den strategi som hade högst frekvens bland koncernens uttalanden. / Crisis communication is a globally central concept. Research in the area indicates that it isimportant for businesses to handle crisis communication well, regardless the size of theorganization. The emission scandal caused by the VAG-group in the autumn 2015 rattled theautomotive business. Millions of vehicles were affected by the scandal without warning. Thescandal is still going on in present time.The purpose of the study was to describe and analyze how the VAG-group communicatedduring the crisis based on the statements made by the VAG-group. Additionally, also determinehow VAG handled the crisis. Finally the result was analyzed with a discussion where theconclusion is that the VAG-group generally handles the crisis well since they apologized forthe scandal, changed the board, took responsibility for the situation and tried to restoreeverything as much as possible. The only negative aspect was their slow acting. Therecommendation from the theories used in this study is to act fast, within 24-36 hours after thestart of the crisis. For the VAG-group the first statement came seven days after the reveal of thescandal.The theories that we could connect mostly to the statements made by the VAG-group were theImage Repair Theory (IRT) and the Situational Crisis Communication (SCCT). These theoriescould be related to all ten statements. In five of the statements the strategy Corrective actionfrom IRT was connected which was the strategy with the highest frequency within thestatements by the VAG-group.

Denna studie undersöker kommunikationsstrategier hos tre online multibrand retailers (Matches Fashion, Moda Operandi och Mytheresa) verksamma inom lyxsegmentet i modeindustrin under en global pandemi. Krisen har påverkat modeindustrin omfattande och bidragit till ekonomisk instabilitet. Modeindustrin är vidare extra utsatt då den består av globala försörjningskedjor. Givet krisen blir en lojal kundbas för företag viktig för att upprätthålla lönsamheten. Detta med anledning av av den höga kostnaden som förvärv av nya kunder innebär, vilket blir särskilt kritiskt under en lågkonjunktur. Forskningsfrågorna vilka studien ämnar besvara är (i) Hur förändras företags kommunikation till kund under en kris? och (ii) Hur försöker företag upprätthålla kundlojalitet med hjälp av kommunikationsstrategier under en kris? De tre företagens kriskommunikation som återfinns i deras nyhetsbrev analyserades genom att använda det teoretiska ramverket: Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), utformat av Coombs (2007). En kvalitativ innehållsanalys genomfördes med hjälp av ett strukturerat observationsschema på urvalet om 432 nyhetsbrev. I enlighet med SCCT-teorin (Coombs 2007) påvisade resultatet att de strategier för utformning av kriskommunikation som var mest förekommande antingen var att förminska eller kompensera för krisen. Vidare kunde det utläsas från resultatet att företag genom kommunikationsstrategier försökte upprätthålla kundlojalitet med hjälp av rabattkoder, realisationer, kundservice samt redaktionellt innehåll, vilka är kategorier som framkommit ur operationalisering av kundlojalitet. / This bachelor thesis explores communication strategies of three online multi brand retailers in the luxury segment in the fashion industry; Matches Fashion, Moda Operandi and Mytheresa, during an external crisis, generated by a pandemic disease. Thus leaving the global fashion industry and supply chains with severe repercussions, contributing to a fragile financial environment for companies. Hence, retaining loyal customers is vital for sustaining profitability due to the high cost of acquiring new customers, which becomes critical during an economic recession. The research questions being examined are (i) how companies’ communication towards their customers changes during a crisis and (ii) how they try to maintain customer loyalty through communication strategies during the crisis. By using the theoretical framework Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), presented by Coombs (2007), each company’s communication through their newsletters was evaluated and analyzed. A qualitative content analysis was conducted on a sample of 432 newsletters using a structured observation schedule with predetermined categories. In accordance with the SCCT-theory (Coombs 2007), the findings showed that the most common strategies for crisis communication were to either diminish or rebuild. Attempts to maintain customer loyalty were communicated through discount codes, sales periods, customer service and editorial content which are categories generated from the operationalization. The thesis is written in Swedish.

The purpose of this study is to examine how the oat milk company Oatly applies crisis communication strategies and rhetorical components to maintain a good reputation and legitimacy in relation to the crisis regarding the investment firm Blackstone Growth. Creating a discrepancy between the way Oatly act and the way they present themselves; Oatly is presented as a sustainable company while Blackstone has been criticized to jeopardize environmental and human rights issues. The study provides three research questions: 1) How does Oatly apply CSR to their work and how can their sustainability work be related to the company’s crisis communication? 2) How is Oatly’s crisis communication portrayed in relation to the debated crisis regarding Blackstone Growth, based on IRT and SCCT? and 3) How does Oatly use rhetorical concepts in their crisis communication to maintain and construct their reputation? The material on which the study is based consists of press releases and sustainability reports published by Oatly as well as statements published in several articles made by the company CEO and communications manager. Based on a critical approach, the theoretical framework consists of the ideas from Corporate Social Responsibility, Image Repair Theory and Situational Crisis Communication Theory. Through a critical rhetorical analysis, the material is analyzed using the theoretical framework. The findings show that there is a correlation between Oatly’s crisis communication and their sustainability work, which is characterized by a persuasive rhetorical approach.

Vi har genomfört en innehålls- och textanalys samt retorisk analys av Furuviksparkens inlägg på Instagram och uttalanden i press och tv under schimpansincidenten 2022 i syfte att undersöka hur de använt olika strategier och retoriska medel för att upprätthålla sitt anseende och image. Med Image Repair Theory, Situational Crisis Communication Theory och retorikens appellformer har vi kunnat identifiera hur Furuvikparken använder olika strategier inom dessa teorier samt retoriska medel. I vår studie framkommer flera betydelsefulla resultat som ger insikter i hur Furuviksparken formulerade sina budskap under schimpansincidenten. En framstående observation är användingen av varierande retoriska strategier beroende på medieform. Furuviksparkens Instagram-inlägg utmärker sig genom en konsekvent ton och budskapsstruktur över tid, vilket indikerar en medveten ansträngning att bibehålla ett förtroendeingivande varumärke. Vidare visar studien på en dynamik i de retoriska strategierna över krisens förlopp. Pressutlåtanden och tv-intervjuer genomgick förändring där olika strategier som tillrättaläggande och återuppbyggnad användes i olika faser av krisen. Slutligen, vår analys pekar på en medveten användning av situational crisis communication- och image repair-strategier. Furuviksparken har strategiskt tillämpat dessa stratgier för att hantera och reparera sitt rykte under schimpansincidenten. Strategierna kan ses som ett försök att påverka uppfattningen om organisationen och skapa en positiv bild trots krisen. / We have carried out a content and text analysis as well as a rethorical analysis of Furuviksparkens posts on Instagram and statments in the press and on television during the 2022 chimpanzee incident in order to study how they used different strategies and rethorical means to maintain their reputation and image. With Image Repair Theory, Situational Crisis Communication Theory and rethorical forms of appeal, we have been able to identify how Furuviksparken uses different strategies within these theories as well as rethorical means. In our study, several significant results appear that provide insights into how Furuviksparken constructed its messages during the chimpanzee incident. A prominent observation is the use of varying rethorical strategies depending on the media form. Furuviksparkens Instagram posts are distinguished by a consistent tone and message structure over time, indicating a conscious effort to maintain a trustworthy organization. Furthermore, the study shows a dynamic in the rethorical strategies over the course of the crisis. Press statments and television interviews underwent change where different strategies such as relief and reconstruction were used in different phases of the crisis. Our analysis points to a conscious use of situational crisis communication- and image repair strategies. Furuviksparken has strategically applied these strategies to manage and repair its reputation during the incident. The strategies can be seen as an attempt to influence the perception of the organization and create a positive image during the incident.

<p>Abstract</p><p>Headline To communicate the environment, “Rarely a paper on the wall”, a study about communication strategies when it comes to internalize a policy in two secondary schools.</p><p>Number of pages 42 (61 including enclosures)</p><p>Author Fanny Persson</p><p>Tutor Peder Hård af Segerstad</p><p>Course Media and communication C</p><p>Period Autumn 2007/spring 2008</p><p>University Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University</p><p>Purpose/aim The purpose of this work was to see what channels of communication are to prefer when working with secondary school pupils, more concrete when speaking about the environment, about the profile of the school and democracy among the pupils.</p><p>Material/method I am going to visit two secondary schools in the middle of Sweden, one that has an environment certification, and the other one is a regular secondary school. To answer these questions I am going to interview totally four teachers, two from each school, and 12 pupils from each school divided into two groups per school.</p><p>Main results One of the main results was that the pupils prefer to mix the tutoring for a better way to learn. Another result was that they see their teachers as paragons and that it is more important what the teachers do than what they say.</p><p>Keywords Environment, Communication, Environment Certifikation, Secondary school, Karl Weick, Communication theory, Understanding, Internalize, Identification, Profile</p>

The current period of rapid technological change, particularly in the area of mediated communication, has combined with new philosophies of education and market forces to bring upheaval to the realm of higher education. Technical capabilities exceed our knowledge of whether expenditures on hardware and software lead to corresponding gains in student learning. Educators do not yet possess sophisticated assessments of what we may be gaining or losing as we widen the scope of distributed learning. The purpose of this study was not to draw sweeping conclusions with respect to the costs or benefits of technology in education. The researcher focused on a single issue involved in educational quality: assessing the ability of a student to complete a course. Previous research in this area indicates that attrition rates are often higher in distributed learning environments. Educators and students may benefit from a reliable instrument to identify those students who may encounter difficulty in these learning situations. This study is aligned with research focused on the individual engaged in seeking information, assisted or hindered by the capabilities of the computer information systems that create and provide access to information. Specifically, the study focused on the indicators of completion for students enrolled in video conferencing and Web-based courses. In the final version, the Distributed Learning Survey encompassed thirteen indicators of completion. The results of this study of 396 students indicated that the Distributed Learning Survey represented a reliable and valid instrument for identifying at-risk students in video conferencing and Web-based courses where the student population is similar to the study participants. Educational level, GPA, credit hours taken in the semester, study environment, motivation, computer confidence, and the number of previous distributed learning courses accounted for most of the predictive power in the discriminant function based on student scores from the survey.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engieering and Computer Science, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. Engineering copy is in leaves. / Bibliography: p. 156-157. / by Daniel Uri Friedman. / Ph.D.

A expressão convergência midiática aparece com frequência na produção acadêmica e na imprensa. Alguns esforços conceituais sobre o termo consideram apenas aspectos técnicos, entendendo o fenômeno somente como a reunião de diversas mídias em um único ambiente ou dispositivo, sem abordar questões sociais e culturais. Por outro lado, outras argumentações abordam o envolvimento dos indivíduos na constituição da convergência, sem privilegiar a análise do elemento tecnológico. A partir dessa diversidade de posicionamentos, através de um movimento teórico-epistemológico estuda-se a convergência entre a televisão e a web a partir de uma crítica sobre a abrangência do conceito para superar seu enfoque tecnicista, porém sem desconsiderá-lo, além de estudar também os níveis social e cultural. O conceito é desdobrado em categorias analíticas, que são interdependentes. Em cada uma são discutidas transformações no processo de convergência nos níveis técnico, social e cultural. Verifica-se na produção teórica a predominância do entendimento sobre convergência como um processo essencialmente tecnológico, que ainda subestima questões sociais e culturais diante do desenvolvimento de novos modelos de comunicação baseados em processos mais flexíveis de produção, circulação e consumo de conteúdos midiáticos. / Media convergence is an expression that appears frequently in academic research and in the press. Some conceptual efforts about the term only consider technical aspects, understanding the phenomenon only as the combination of diverse media in a single environment or device, without addressing social and cultural issues. On the other hand, further arguments regarding the involvement of individuals in the constitution of convergence, without probing the analysis of the technological element. From this diversity of positions, this research makes a theoretical and epistemological movement to study the convergence between television and the web from a criticism of the scope of the concept to overcome your technician focus, but not disregard it, and also studing the social and cultural levels. The concept is dismembered in analytical categories, which are interdependent. In each of these categories transformations are discussed in the convergence process at technical, social and cultural levels. In theoretical production there is the prevalence of an understanding that convergence is an essentially technological process. This understanding underestimates social and cultural issues facing the development of new communication models based on more flexible processes of production, circulation and consumption of media content.

This research analyzes the crisis communications tactics employed by the National Football League at key points during the concussion crisis in relation to strategies recommended by models based on image restoration theory and situational crisis communications theory. The discrepancies between the NFL's tactics and recommended situational tactics, viewed in light of the financial and market increases for the league over the duration of the crisis, show the need for an additional component in accepted crisis communications models. Cultural ingrainment is posited as a component to be added to present models as a mitigating factor of organizational harm in cases of strong attribution of organizational responsibility. This addition of cultural ingrainment provides an explanation for the possibility of so-called “invincible brands.”

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