Background. In today’s fast-paced business world, there is a notable shift from product-centric to solution-centric approaches driven by discussions around sustainability. This shift underscores the increasing demand for Product-Service systems as companies strive to adapt to evolving customer needs. Digital Twin-based approaches have emerged as a potential tool in this landscape, providing new methods for gathering customer insights. The construction industry is a crucial sector vital to economic growth, accounting for approximately 10 percent of the gross domestic product of many countries. However, it faces several challenges, including low productivity, unpredictability, and slow innovation. Objectives. The aim of this thesis is to propose a system that improves through-life support in heavy construction equipment. Additionally, the potential benefit of utilizing a Digital Twin for the development of Product-Service Systems will be suggested based on the developed system. Methods. In this thesis, the design approach was chosen to be Design Thinking to provide a structured framework that fits the uncertain and iterative process that the project demands. Furthermore, the tools and methods from Design Thinking were utilized to ensure the final solution was developed with creative support and constant concept feedback to address the user’s needs. Results. This thesis results in three potential areas of improvement in the through-life support of construction equipment, concepts that could address these, and the problem that is stopping their realization. Furthermore, a proposed solution to this problem has been developed that could enable the implementation of Digital Twins in construction equipment. Conclusions. This thesis finds that data collection issues prevent the implementation of Digital Twins in construction equipment. It also presents several potential strengths and weaknesses of Digital Twins in Product-Service System development.Additionally, it presents some future directions in Digital Twins and Product-Service Systems that need further work. / Bakgrund. I dagens snabba och skiftande affärsvärld sker en märkbar flytt från produktcentrerade till lösning-centrerade tillvägagångssätt, drivna av diskussioner kring hållbarhet. Denna förändring framhäver den ökande efterfrågan på Produkt-Tjänstesystem för företag som strävar efter att anpassa sig till det ändrande kundbehovet. Digital Tvilling-baserade tillvägagångssätt har framträtt som ett potentiellt verktyg i detta sammanhang, och erbjuder nya metoder för att samla kunskap om kunderna. Byggindustrin är en avgörande sektor för ekonomisk tillväxt och står för cirka 10 procent av många länders bruttonationalprodukt. Dock står den inför flera utmaningar som låg produktivitet, oförutsägbarhet och långsam innovation. Syfte. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att föreslå ett system som förbättrar service genom hela livscykeln för anläggningsmaskiner. Dessutom kommer de potentiella fördelarna med att använda en Digital Tvilling för utvecklingen av Produkt- Tjänstesystem att föreslås baserat på det utvecklade systemet. Metod. I detta arbete valdes designmetoden Design Thinkin för att tillhandahålla en strukturerad ram som passar den osäkra och iterativa processen som projektet kräver. Dessutom användes verktyg och metoder från Design Thinking för att säkerställa att den slutliga lösningen utvecklades med kreativt stöd och konstant konceptfeedback för att vara riktat mot användarens behov. Resultat. Examensarbetet resulterar i tre potentiella förbättringsområden inom service genom hela livscykeln för anläggningsmaskiner, koncept som kan adressera dessa och det problem som hindrar deras förverkligande. Dessutom har en föreslagen lösning på detta problem utvecklats som kan möjliggöra implementeringen av Digitala Tvillingar i anläggningsmaskiner. Slutsatser. Arbetet konstaterar att problem med datainsamling förhindrar implementeringen av Digitala Tvillingar i anläggningsmaskiner. Det presenterar också flera potentiella styrkor och svagheter hos Digitala Tvillingar i utvecklingen av Produkt-Tjänstesystem. Dessutom presenteras några områden inom Digitala Tvillingar och Produkt-Tjänstesystem som behöver ytterligare arbete.

by Yim Fu Cheong, Terence. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-67). / abstract --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF EXHIBITS --- p.vi / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.vii / CHAPTER / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Svedala Industri AB --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Svedala Products --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Civil Engineering Sector --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Mineral Processing Sector --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Bulk Material Handling Sector --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Svedala Customers --- p.5 / Chapter 1.4 --- Svedala's Mission in China --- p.5 / Chapter 1.5 --- Methodology --- p.7 / Chapter II. --- FUTURE DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA --- p.10 / Chapter 2.1 --- Economic Situation --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2 --- Major Technology Introducing Projects --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3 --- What are the Bottlenecks? --- p.12 / Chapter 2 .4 --- Energy Projects --- p.19 / Chapter 2.5 --- Coal Mining Projects --- p.20 / Chapter 2.6 --- Transport Projects --- p.21 / Chapter 2.7 --- Other Construction Projects of Interest to Svedala --- p.24 / Chapter III. --- OPPORTUNITIES FOR SVEDALA --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1 --- Crushing & Screening Division --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2 --- Compaction Division --- p.26 / Chapter 3.3 --- Grinding Division --- p.27 / Chapter 3.4 --- Bulk Material Handling Division --- p.28 / Chapter IV. --- SUMMARIES OF INTERVIEWS AND IMPLICATIONS --- p.31 / Chapter 4.1 --- Crushing & Screening Division --- p.31 / Chapter 4.2 --- Compaction and Bulk Material Handling Division --- p.32 / Chapter V. --- STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF SVEDALA --- p.35 / Chapter 5.1 --- Crushing & Screening Division --- p.35 / Chapter 5.2 --- Compaction Division --- p.36 / Chapter 5.3 --- Grinding Division --- p.37 / Chapter 5.4 --- Bulk Material Handling Division --- p.38 / Chapter VI. --- THREATS TO SVEDALA --- p.40 / Chapter 6.1 --- Most-Favored-Nation (MFN) Trade Status --- p.40 / Chapter 6.2 --- Drastic Policy Changes --- p.41 / Chapter 6.3 --- Land Appreciation Tax --- p.42 / Chapter 6.4 --- Skyrocketing Costs of Operations --- p.43 / Chapter 6.5 --- Upward Trend of Interest Rates --- p.44 / Chapter 6.6 --- Government Regulations --- p.45 / Chapter VII. --- RECOMMENDED STRATEGY FOR SVEDALA --- p.46 / Chapter 7.1 --- Business Strategy for China --- p.46 / Chapter 7.2 --- Product Strategy --- p.46 / Chapter 7.3 --- Pricing Strategy --- p.49 / Chapter 7.4 --- Distribution Strategy --- p.49 / Chapter 7.5 --- Promotion Strategy --- p.51 / Chapter 7.6 --- Research & Development Strategy --- p.51 / Chapter 7.7 --- Human Resources Strategy --- p.52 / Chapter 7.8 --- Finance Strategy --- p.53 / Chapter VIII. --- CONCLUSION --- p.54 / APPENDICES --- p.57 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.63 / REFERENCES --- p.66

As is the case with many other manufacturers of vehicles, Volvo Construction Equipment has a constantly increasing amount of electric and electronic equipment in their articulated haulers. These are of great use in modern machines, bringing functions, and safety that were not possible before, but they also bring more cables to handle. In the case of the articulated haulers a quite thick cable harness of about 15 meters in length reaches from the driver’s cabin in the front to the components in the far back end of the vehicle. This is not only a lot of long cables to handle both during assembly and service, but the nature of signals traveling in cables is that the voltage gets weaker with distance. This phenomenon has to be accounted for by measuring devices dependent on the voltage. It has been suggested that a device referred to as an intelligent node, or ICCS-module, which communicates digitally via CAN could be installed in the back of the articulated haulers. This module would be independent of the mentioned drop in voltage. The ICCS-module will be receiving a small bundle of cables being routed from the driver’s cabin. From it cables would go out to a majority of the components in its vicinity. The components connected to the node would not need to have any other cables. This thesis is focused on the mechanical aspects of installing this ICCS-module. Having electric and electronic equipment on construction vehicles is a challenge when it comes to protecting the device from the harsh environment that is the hauler’s exterior. It will have to withstand being immersed in water for long periods of time, greatly varying temperatures, vibrations and shocks as well as being hit by projectiles. The placement as well as the design of the enclosure should be chosen with respect to both the devices length of life and how well it fulfils its intended role and achieves the expected results. To produce an enclosure and find a placement aiming to satisfy these conditions, a traditional product development process were executed. The articulated haulers as well as relevant literature were researched. Concepts were generated and evaluated by both the author and by employees at Volvo Construction Equipment until a final concept for the enclosure and placement were found. The enclosure were then designed in detail specifying the material, manufacturing techniques, controlled for thermodynamic circumstances, modelled in Catia V5 and controlled for vibrations. It was concluded that the enclosure should be able protect the ICCS-module after some more development and that the placement and cable routing results in a much shorter total cable length.

This master thesis investigates how Chinese construction equipment firms internationalize (i.e. how they enter new markets and how they are driven to exit their own). For this, the institutions of China and Brazil are comparatively analyzed, Porter’s five forces model is used to analyze the Chinese construction equipment industry, while distinct resources, capabilities and key success factors are defined and analyzed for Sany and Xuzhou Construction Machinery Group (XCMG). After careful analysis, the authors bring to light various take-off drivers, patterns and strategies of Chinese construction equipment firms when internationalizing or venturing abroad. Chinese construction equipment firms are beginning to follow their Western counterparts, focusing their efforts on product quality and extensive customer service. Warranties, parts centers, aftermarket service and strategically placed research and development facilities are becoming more greatly utilized, expanding the quality and offerings of Chinese firms, while adding to the customers perception of overall value.    These key insights expand the knowledge base associated with Chinese construction equipment firms in developing markets, while unlocking new theoretical perspectives for supplementary research.

Volvo Construction Equipment is considering applying modular design to their organisation in order to constrain the growing intangible information and parts assortment within the company, and as well to enable a rearrangement of production, sales and logistics in the near future of organisational growth and industrial footprint. Hence the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the opportunities and threats of implementing modular design to Volvo Construction Equipment. The analysis is scoped on the generic aspects of modularity and the organisational weaknesses within Volvo CE towards implementing a new organisational structure, product design and production with modular design. Modularity enables the company to move towards decupling the constraints of tangible sales and provides an opportunity to offer Product Service Systems as a Total Solution for each individual customer. By implementing the authors common knowledge and education within engineering revolving tangible and intangible products and services alongside with innovation, together with informal interviews of stakeholders, the results of the thesis was reached. The analysis of the results was reached by implementing Design Research Methodology to the structure of the thesis, research method and interviews made. There is a distinct opportunity for Volvo CE to implement modular design since the informational flows, innovation, research and development is enhanced by a correct modular design. Although there is a distinct risk in changing a well-established product design, development process and organisational structure, the opportunities to create a product service system strategy and to re harvest and recycle value within the company with modularity outweigh the risk. Incomprehension of how to optimize a modular design may amplify the reasons why Volvo CE is considering revising their products and organisation with modularity, thus the authors recommend implementing a generic and specific education in modularity within Volvo CE to ensure a shared language of modularity and enhance traceability of the development within the company. In order to enhance the organisational velocity around development, the authors also recommend a new computer environment which enables the different disciplines of engineering and marketing to modularise the product, services and processes while keeping the comprehension of the subject close to hand. This enables the organisational structure to change and improve towards modular deployment and to further accelerate Volvo CE’s growth, market share and revenue. / Volvo Construction Equipment överväger att tillämpa en modulär design till sin organisation i syfte att begränsa den växande immateriella information och det växande sortiment av delar inom företaget som finns idag. Volvo ser även till möjligheterna med modulär design för att möjliggöra en omflyttning av produktion, försäljning och logistik inom den närmaste framtiden för organisatorisk tillväxt och för att minska det industriella fotavtrycket. Därav syftet med denna uppsats; att undersöka möjligheter och hot för att genomföra modulär design i Volvo Construction Equipment. Analysen är fokuserad på generiska aspekter på modularitet och organisatoriska svagheter inom Volvo CE mot att genomföra en ny organisationsstruktur, produktdesign och produktion med modulär design. Modularitet möjliggör för företaget att gå mot att minska begränsningen av materiell försäljning och ger en möjlighet att erbjuda system med Product och Service lösningar som en helhetslösning för varje enskild kund. Genom att implementera författarnas gemensamma kunskap och utbildning inom teknik roterande kring materiella och immateriella produkter samt tjänster tillsammans med innovation, och med informella intervjuer av intressenter, har resultaten i denna avhandling uppnåtts. Analysen av resultaten uppnåddes genom att implementera metodiken Design Research Methodology till strukturen, forskningsmetod och gjorda intervjuer i avhandlingen. Det finns en tydlig möjlighet för Volvo CE att genomföra modulär design eftersom de informativa flöden, innovation, forskning och utveckling förstärks av en korrekt modulär design. Även om det finns en klar risk i att ändra en väletablerad produkts design, utveckling process och organisations struktur, är möjligheterna i att skapa en produkt strategi med servicesystem och att återvinna återvinna värde i företaget med modularitet väl värt risken. Oförståelse för hur man optimerar en modulär design kan innebära ytterligare risker och förklarar varför Volvo CE överväger revidera sina produkter och organisation med en ny design, och då kanske en modulär struktur. Detta har lett till att författarna rekommenderar att genomföra en allmän och specifik utbildning i modularitet inom Volvo CE för att säkerställa ett gemensamt språk för modularitet och öka spårbarheten av utvecklingen inom företaget. För att öka den organisatoriska hastigheten kring utveckling, rekommenderar författarna också en ny datormiljö som gör att de olika disciplinerna i teknik och marknadsföring ligger närmre till hands för att modularisera produkter, tjänster och processer samtidigt som förståelsen av ämnet blir enklare att uppnå. Detta maximerar effektiviteten i den organisatoriska strukturen för att förändra och förbättra mot en modulär utbyggnad och att ytterligare påskynda Volvo CE : s tillväxt , marknadsandelar och intäkter

In my diploma thesis I document the construction of administrative, commercial and warehouse building in Olomouc. In particular, I deal with selected parts of the construction and technological preparation of the facility. I deal more closely with the technological regulations for the assembly of reinforced concrete skeleton and sheeting. My diploma thesis includes building site design, set of machinery, control and test plans, budget, schedules, personnel and machine deployment, variation of sheet metal finishing and drawing on the budget.

The subject of master’s thesis is technological project of residential building in Prague. The thesis is focused on feasibility of the object. An implementation study is elaborated with a detailed solution of the construction process in terms of time and financial. A technology prescription, control and test plan is designed. Construction drawings are processed.

The master’s thesis deals with the solution of selected parts of the the construction technology project of the Cultural center in Žamberk. The thesis primarily focuses on the light external cladding which is designed as a hanging light curtain wall with ventilated air gap. Several other topics are also covered, namely the building site, construction equipment and the technological process schedule.

This thesis is focused on the construction of punching device for punching continuously extruded plastic profile. This device is part of a larger production line. The theoretical part of this work will be focused in an introduction to plastic extrusion, cutting, molding properties and market research with punched plastic profiles. The practical part will deal with the product description, production line and the structural design of the entire machine itself including calculations. Part of this work are also drawing of selected parts and a 3D model.

The main intent of the thesis is design of articulated mining dumper. The contet of own designed mining dumper respects technical, aesthetic and ergonomic requirements. The thesis brings a new perspective of design solution in category of currently the most powerful articulated mining dumpers.