This study operationalized Bekkers and Wiepking's (2007, 2011) eight theoretical mechanisms that drive private giving, examining them within the context of alumni donor behavior at a selected public university in the southern region of the United States. The purpose of the study was to determine if the theoretical mechanisms that drive private giving represent distinct psychometric dimensions, and whether they are correlated with one another or essentially independent. A survey with 24 original items was created for this study, and completed by 178 alumni association member donors and non-member donors from the selected university. The study found support for six factors that are relatively independent of one another, contributing meaningfully to the overall multidimensional construct. The found factors were labeled efficacy, solicitation, reputation, values, altruism, and awareness of need as they fit reasonably well according to their original names. No differences were found between the mean response scores for alumni association member donors and non-member donors across the six dimensions. These results are beneficial for university fundraisers, alumni relations professionals, researchers in the field of philanthropy, and methodologists interested in developing instruments that measure the motivations for private giving. / by Paul Metcalf. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2013. / Includes bibliography. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final de Fernanda Almeida dos Santos.pdf: 10976345 bytes, checksum: c63829c7a12991385e640f072288602c (MD5) / O presente trabalho apresenta uma discussão sobre o processo de aquisição da escrita por crianças inseridas em práticas de letramento digital, através de uma investigação in loco e da análise de produções textuais escritas por alunos do 4º e 5º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola da rede pública municipal de Amargosa-BA, o que se constitui o corpus da pesquisa. Considerando que a inclusão no mundo digital oportuniza ao sujeito experimentações, desafios e novas possibilidades de usos sociais da leitura e escrita, favorecendo diferentes práticas de letramento, este trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar como o trabalho docente que contempla as práticas de letramento digital pode favorecer o processo de aprendizagem da escrita da língua portuguesa por crianças, gerando diversidades linguísticas e contribuindo com novas possibilidades pedagógicas para o aprendizado infantil. Para tanto, utiliza-se uma metodologia de investigação qualitativa, fundamentada em uma análise explicativa. O referencial teórico do trabalho concilia a teoria enunciativo-discursiva de Bakhtin (1997; 2006) e a teoria social da construção do conhecimento de Vygotsky (1989) com os postulados de Ferreiro (1990; 2001), Ferreiro e Teberosky (1986), Kleiman (2008), Rojo (2009; 2012), Soares (2003; 2009), Tfouni (2006) e outros sobre leitura, escrita e práticas de letramento. Além disso, a pesquisa é subsidiada, especialmente, pelos estudos/análises de Araújo (2003; 2007), Castells (1999; 2009), Coscarelli (2006; 2007), Freire (2003), Frade (2007), Lévy (1993; 1999), Marcuschi (2002; 2004), Oliveira (2006), Ribeiro (2008) e Xavier (2005) sobre tecnologias, letramento digital e aquisição da escrita em ambientes virtuais. Ademais, a realização da pesquisa fundamentou-se na análise de atividades de alfabetização e letramento digital desenvolvidas no campo de trabalho, no período de março a dezembro de 2012. Argumenta-se, através das análises realizadas, que o uso das tecnologias digitais contribui para o processo de letramento, intensificando o desenvolvimento de competências textuais, enunciativas, procedimentais e linguísticas pelas crianças, e suscita distintas mudanças no aprendizado infantil, já que a convivência com variados gêneros de textos em ambientes virtuais – além de propiciar diversão e desenvolver a criatividade e o raciocínio lógico dos indivíduos – também favorece as práticas interacionais, bem como o uso social da leitura e escrita, possibilitando a ampliação dessas habilidades pela criança. Verifica-se, assim, que os recursos digitais podem operar como uma importante interface pedagógica no processo de aprendizagem da escrita no contexto escolar. / This paper presents a discussion on the process of writing acquisition by children involved in digital literacy practices through an-site investigation and analysis of textual productions written by students of 4th and 5th year of primary education in a school municipal public of Amargosa-BA, which constitutes the corpus of research. Whereas inclusion in the digital world provides to the individuals experiments, challenges and new possibilities for social uses of reading and writing, favoring different literacy practices, this paper aims at analyzing how the teaching profession that includes the digital literacy practices may favor the writing process of learning the Portuguese language for children, generating linguistic diversity and contributing new pedagogical possibilities for learning child. To do so, we use a methodology of qualitative research, based on an explanatory analysis. The theoretical of work combines theory enunciative-discursive of Bakhtin (1997; 2006) and the theory of social construction of knowledge of Vygotsky (1989) with the postulates of Ferreiro (1990; 2001), Ferreiro and Teberosky (1986), Kleiman (2008), Rojo (2009; 2012), Soares (2003; 2009), Tfouni (2006) and others on reading, writing and literacy practices. In addition, the research is subsidized especially for studies/analyzes of Araújo (2003; 2007), Castells (1999; 2009), Coscarelli (2006; 2007), Freire (2003), Frade (2007), Lévy (1993; 1999), Marcuschi (2002; 2004), Oliveira (2006), Ribeiro (2008) and Xavier (2005) on technology, digital literacy and written acquisition in virtual environments. Moreover, the research was based on analysis of literacy activities and digital literacy developed in the field of work in the period from March to December 2012. It is argued, through the analyzes, that the use of digital technologies contributes to the literacy process, intensifying the development of textual, enunciative, linguistic and procedural skills for children, and elicits distinct changes in child learning, since the living with various genres of texts in virtual environments – in addition to providing fun and develop creativity and logical reasoning of individuals – also favors the interactional practices, as well as the social use of reading and writing, enabling the expansion of these skills by the child. It verifies, therefore, that digital resources can operate as an important interface in teaching learning process of writing in the school context.

Pretende-se com o presente trabalho de pesquisa abordar, do ponto de vista teórico, as especificidades da execução ex officio das contribuições sociais no âmbito trabalhista. A problemática gira em torno da natureza jurídica da contribuição social e do procedimento sui generis de execução na justiça do trabalho. A natureza tributária impõe uma série de implicações que devem ser enfrentadas pelo operador do direito, principalmente no que pertine as normas aplicáveis na constituição e exigência do crédito tributário. O objeto do trabalho consistirá na análise do procedimento de execução que deve ser adotado, visando o respeito dos demais institutos vinculados à execução tributária, inclusive, a prescrição e a decadência. Serão identificadas as peculiaridades desta competência concorrente, incluída a questão da possibilidade de utilização de períodos cujo vínculo tenha sido reconhecido por sentença trabalhista, para fins de obtenção de benefícios previdenciários. / The present research intends to approach, from a theoretical point of view, the specific ex officio implementation of social security contributions. The issue revolves around the legal nature of social security contribution and the sui generis execution procedure in the labour courts. The nature of this tax (contribution to social security) imposes a number of implications that must be addressed by the legal practitioner, especially as it pertains to the rules in the constitution and requirements of taxes owning. The objective of the study will be the analysis of the execution procedure to be adopted for compliance with other laws, rules, or regulations relating to tax enforcement, including any statutes of limitation. The peculiarities of this concurrent jurisdiction will be identified, including the question of whether retroactive decisions of labor tribunals can be used to obtain social security benefits.

Thesis. 1979. Ph.D. cn--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH. / Vita. / Bibliography: leaves 268-278. / Ph.D.cn

by Wing Chi Ki. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-182). / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.i v / Table of Contents --- p.v / Abbreviations used for Foucault's Works --- p.vi / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction: Power and Resistance in Foucault --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- 1984-The Axis of Power --- p.29 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Brave New World--The Axis of Sexuality --- p.70 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- The Handmaid's Tale-The Axis of Knowledge --- p.117 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion: Resistant Topos´ؤFrom Dystopia to Heterotopia --- p.167 / Works Cited --- p.177 / Bibliography --- p.182

The thesis explores models of gambling regulations in the European Union, focused on the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic and the Great Britain. These models are further examined and analyzed according to their impact on the non-profit sector. The aim was to propose optimal gambling regulation including stimulation of funding sources for charities and non-profit organizations in the Czech Republic. Results of the analysis prove that there is a possibility of contributions to good causes, as well as the state lottery and the charity lottery.

Essa dissertação pretende mostrar que, na fase de formulação da política nacional de concessão de benefícios tributários, não existem obstáculos impeditivos à imposição da agenda do governo. Essa fase é antes marcada pela discricionariedade do Executivo na apresentação frequente de Medidas Provisórias que criam benefícios tributários. Além disso, o processo não é fechado à participação, pois, durante a tramitação destas proposições no Congresso Nacional, está sujeito à atuação de grupos de interesse privilegiados buscando sua parcela de benefícios distributivos. Por outro lado, existem entraves significativos colocados à fase da implementação das proposições que concedem benefícios tributários. Por ser uma política de difícil acompanhamento, sua execução está sujeita a impasses, negociações e busca de consensos entre setores da burocracia pública e destes com os órgãos de controle externo, o que impõe uma trajetória incremental à fase da implementação, e dificulta a avaliação da eficiência, eficácia e efetividade dos benefícios tributários. Além disso, a política nacional de concessão de benefícios tributários tem características de dependência de trajetória, pois, ao resolver problemas pontuais no varejo, tem se tornado a opção de ação governamental mais viável na ausência de uma reforma tributária abrangente. / This dissertation purpose to show that, at the formulation stage of national tax breaks concession policy, there are no obstacles impending the governments agenda imposition. Rather, this stage is marked by Executives discretion in the frequent presentation of Provisional Measures that create tax breaks. Also, the process is not closed to participation, because during the course of these proposals in Congress, this is liable of privileged interest groups action seeking their portion of distributive benefits. On the other hand, there are significant barriers imposed at the implementation stage of the tax breaks proposals. Because there is a policy of difficult monitoring, its execution is liable to impasses, negotiations and attempts to build consensus among sectors of the public bureaucracy and the latter with external control agencies, compelling an incremental path to the implementation stage, and hampers the evaluation of efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness of tax breaks. Furthermore, the national tax breaks concession policy has path dependence characteristics, because, to solving specific problems at retail, has become the most practicable option of governmental action in the absence of a comprehensive tax reform.

A knowledge of thermophysical properties is necessary for the design of all process units. Reliable property prediction methods are essential because reliable experimental data are often not available due to concerns about measurement difficulty, cost, scarcity, safety, or environment. In particular, there is a lack of prediction methods for solid properties. Predicted property values can also be used to fill holes in property databases to understand more fully compound characteristics. This work is a comprehensive analysis of the prediction methods available for five commonly needed solid properties. Where satisfactory methods are available, recommendations are made; where methods are unsatisfactory in scope or accuracy, improvements have been made or new methods have been developed. In the latter case, the following general scheme has been used to develop correlations: extraction of a training set of experimental data of a specific accuracy from the DIPPR 801 database, selection of a class of equations to use in the correlation, refinement of the form of the equation through least squares regression, selection of the chemical groups and/or molecular descriptors to be used as independent variables, calculation of coefficient values using the training set, addition of groups where refinement is needed, and a final testing of the resultant correlation against an independent test set of experimental data. Two new methods for predicting crystalline heat capacity were created. The first is a simple power law method (PL) that uses first-order functional groups. The second is derived as a modification of the Einstein-Debye canonical partition function (PF) that uses the same groups as the PL method with other descriptors to account for molecule size and multiple halogens. The PL method is intended for the temperature range of 50 to 250 K; the PF method is intended for temperatures above 250 K. Both the PL and PF methods have been assigned an uncertainty of 13% in their preferred temperature ranges based on comparisons to experimental data. A method for estimating heat of sublimation at the triple point was created using the same groups as used in the heat capacity PF method (estimated to have an error of 13%). This method can be used in conjunction with the Clausius-Clapeyron equation to predict solid vapor pressure. Errors in predicted solid vapor pressures averaged about 44.9%. As most solid vapor pressures are extremely small, on the order of one Pascal, this error is small on an absolute scale. An improvement was developed for an existing DIPPR correlation between solid and liquid densities at the triple point. The new correlation improves the prediction of solid density at the triple point and permits calculation of solid densities over a wide range of temperatures with an uncertainty of 6.3%. Based on the analysis of melting points performed in this study, Marrero and Gani's method is recommended as the primary method of predicting melting points for organic compounds (deviation from experimental values of 12.5%). This method can be unwieldy due to the large number of groups it employs, so the method of Yalkowsky et al. (13.9% deviation) is given a secondary recommendation due to its broad applicability with few input requirements.

Age-related neurologic disease is a significant and growing burden on our society. Although the largest share of research effort has typically been devoted to the common neurodegenerative illnesses (such as Alzheimer’s disease, or AD), the reality is that nearly all cases of neurodegenerative disease possess elements of mixed pathology. Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is a complex form of dementia, combining aspects of vascular disease and other forms of dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease. This pathology is heterogeneous and can include cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), hemorrhages, white matter infarcts, and changes to the neurovascular unit. Given the heterogeneous nature of VCID, we hypothesized that we could further elucidate mechanisms that drive dementia in VCID by examining pathology in mouse models and use this data to guide the study of human autopsy cases. Using a mouse model of VCID, we identified NHE1, a sodium hydrogen exchanger that was upregulated in these mice, as a possible candidate for a factor involved in cerebrovascular disease in humans. We saw a significant age effect of NHE1 in cases with Down syndrome (DS), leading us to further examine cerebrovascular pathology in individuals with DS. People with DS are at a high risk of developing cognitive impairment and dementia after the age of 50. In fact, virtually all adults with DS develop the neuropathology for an AD (beta-amyloid (Aß) senile plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles) diagnosis by the age of 40 due to a triplication of chromosome 21. We found that these individuals develop CAA and microhemorrhages as a function of age, and that these rates are as severe as sporadic AD, despite an age difference of ~30 years. We also found that individuals with DS have different microglial morphologies than controls or individuals with AD. This data indicates that people with DS develop significant cerebrovascular and AD pathology, indicative of VCID. Overall, we found that mixed pathologies, specifically VCID, is an important contributor to the development of dementia and should be studied further to better understand how this pathology drives cognitive impairment. Further, it is clear that mouse models map imperfectly onto complex human diseases, and that significant work remains to be done towards achieving an adequate model of VCID.

The left hemisphere (LH) is accepted as the dominant hemisphere for language processing. There is also evidence confirming the language processing abilities of the right hemisphere (RH), particularly its lexical-semantic processing potential (Chiarello, 1988; Joanette, Goulet, & Hannequin, 1990). The capacity of the RH for language processing is significant to the investigation of language processing following LH lesions. However, the precise neurocognitive mechanisms underlying language processing following lesion remain to be fully elucidated. Subsequently, the overall aim for this thesis is to investigate hemispheric contributions to semantic processing following unilateral lesions, and to explore the significance of the contribution made by the RH. In order to achieve this overall aim, the current thesis firstly explores the hemispheric contributions made to lexical-semantic processing for healthy adults, and then shifts focus to explore the changes in hemispheric processing for participants with unilateral lesions (LH and RH). Comparisons of hemispheric activation between these groups will clarify the underlying hemispheric mechanisms that facilitate language processing following unilateral lesion. This thesis includes four complementary investigations of hemispheric contributions to semantic processing. The first study combined divided visual field (DVF) priming with event-related potentials (ERPs), in order to investigate controlled hemispheric semantic priming for young healthy adults. Two experiments were employed for a between subjects comparison of time-course differences (stimulus onset asynchrony, or SOA, varied between experiments) in hemispheric activation of associated and nonassociated category members. Continuous electroencephalograms were recorded throughout the priming task for each participant, and later analysed with reference to relevant ERP components (N400 and Late Positive Complex). Bilateral N400 priming was revealed for associated category members at both the short and long SOA. There was no significant N400 priming for the nonassociated category member condition. The examination of hemispheric priming of associated and nonassociated category member stimuli over the same time-course was continued in the second study for participants with unilateral LH lesions and matched controls. The second investigation aimed to determine the impact of unilateral LH lesions on controlled hemispheric semantic priming, utilising the DVF priming paradigm with participants following unilateral lesions. This study also aimed to explore associations between hemispheric activation during the online priming task and offline comprehension abilities. Differences in priming were observed between the LH lesion group and the control group, with participants in the LH lesion group requiring the association relationship to elicit priming. Priming also varied for participants as a function of their offline comprehension abilities, with RH priming associated with higher offline scores. The third investigation continued the exploration of hemispheric semantic activation following LH lesion, examining the impact of a LH lesion on interhemispheric control mechanisms, and the modification of hemispheric processing capacities with and without dominant hemisphere control. This investigation again utilised DVF priming with associated and nonassociated category member stimuli, in conjunction with the dual task paradigm. The dual task paradigm is designed to overload one hemisphere’s processing resources in order to remove interhemispheric suppression. Findings indicate that following LH lesions, the RH’s contribution is enhanced under conditions that are designed to overload the LH. The final study shifts from the investigation of participants with LH lesions to the impact of a RH lesion. This exploration of controlled hemispheric semantic priming following RH lesion sought to increase our understanding of the underlying mechanisms for semantic processing following unilateral lesion. The RH’s role in lexical-semantic processing has been documented consistently over approximately the last twenty years, however, there remains limited direct investigation of a RH lesion’s impact on contributions to semantic processing. A single case investigation utilised the same experimental procedure as the second study described. Findings suggest a similar activation pattern between the individual with RH lesion and the control participants, with both exhibiting bilateral activation of the associated and nonassociated category member stimuli. However, a subtle difference was found between the activation of the individual with RH lesion and that of the control group, with the individual with a RH lesion showing increased strategic processing difficulties at the longer SOA. Overall, the current thesis demonstrates the importance of the RH for efficient strategic semantic processing for both healthy adults, and people with unilateral lesions. In addition, this thesis concludes that following a LH lesion, the RH contribution to controlled semantic processing may be associated with successful comprehension, and that RH contributions may be improved with the addition of a secondary task designed to overload LH processing. The present thesis provides evidence to support the use of the DVF priming paradigm in the investigation of hemispheric contributions to semantic processing following unilateral lesion. It is anticipated that these findings will improve the current understanding of the underlying hemispheric contributions to lexical-semantics following a unilateral lesion, and will encourage continuing investigation into the RH’s capacity to impact language recovery.