Cette thèse étudie les typologies des stratégies relationnelles que peuvent entretenir les firmes avec leurs concurrentes dans une industrie de réseau : la téléphonie mobile. Elle se donne aussi pour objet de mettre en évidence les déterminants de ces choix stratégiques ; ainsi que leur implication. Elle vise enfin à effectuer une comparaison des performances des firmes en fonction des choix de stratégies relationnelles. Pour aborder ces préoccupations, nous avons eu recours, d'une part à la méthode d'analyse de contenu structuré, afin d'identifier les mouvements stratégiques des opérateurs mobiles de pays et régions géographiques différents ; d'autre part à deux méthodes (exploratoire et confirmatoire) d'analyse et de traitements des données. A travers cette thèse, nous mettons en évidence trois résultats principaux : Le premier résultat montre que l'agressivité concurrentielle, la coopérativité et la coopétition sont les stratégies relationnelles viables dans le secteur de la téléphonie mobile. Le second résultat majeur montre que des variables sectorielles telles que la concentration industrielle, la maturité sectorielle ou la plus ou moins forte présence à l'international apparaissent comme des facteurs déterminant les comportements stratégiques (agressif, coopératif et coopétitif) des opérateurs mobiles ; de même que plus d'agressivité et plus de coopérativité conduisent à de meilleures performances. En dernier lieu, il est montré dans cette recherche que la performance de la firme varie en fonction de la stratégie adoptée (agressivité, coopérativité ou coopétitivité) par l'opérateur mobile, mais aussi en fonction de son implantation géographique. / This thesis examines the types of relational strategies that firms can adopt with their competitors in a network industry : the mobile phone industry. It also purposes to highlight the determinants of these strategic choices and their implication. Finally, it aims to make a comparison of the performances of firms, according to their relational strategies choises. To address these concerns, we used, on one hand the method of structured content analysis so as to identify the strategic movements of the mobile phone operators of different countries and geographical areas ; on the other hand, we used two methods (exploratory and confirmatory) analysis for data processing. Through this thesis, we highlight three key findings : The first result shows that competitive aggressiveness, cooperativeness and coopetition are the viable relational strategies in the mobile phone industry. The second major result shows that the sectorial variables such as industrial concentration, sectorial maturity ; or more or less international presence appear to be factors determining the strategic behavior (aggressive, cooperative and coopetitive) of the mobile operators ; as well that more aggressiveness and more cooperativeness lead to better performance. Finally, it is shown in this study that the performance of the firm depends on the strategy (aggressive, cooperative, or coopetitive) adopted by the mobile operator, but also on its geographical location.

Literature and cooperative learning -- Prosocial behavior -- Three works by Leo Lionni.

Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There are many examples of cooperation in action in society and in nature. In some cases cooperation leads to the increase of the overall welfare of those involved, and in other cases cooperation may be to the detriment of the larger society. The presence of cooperation seems natural if there is a direct bene t to individuals who choose to cooperate. However, in examples of cooperation this bene t is not always immediately obvious. The so called prisoner's dilemma is often used as an analogy to study cooperation and tease out the factors that lead to cooperation. In classical game theory, each player is assumed to be rational and hence typically seeks to select his strategy in such a way as to maximise his own expected pay-o . In the case of the classical prisoner's dilemma, this causes both players to defect. In evolutionary game theory, on the other hand, it is assumed that players have limited knowledge of the game and only bounded rationality. Games in evolutionary game theory are repeated in rounds and players are a orded the opportunity to adapt and learn as this repetition occurs. Past studies have revealed that cooperation may be a viable strategy if the prisoner's dilemma is placed in an evolutionary context, where the evolutionary tness of a strategy is directly related to the pay-o achieved by the player adopting the strategy. One of the mechanisms that promote the persistence of cooperation in the evolutionary prisoner's dilemma is structured interaction between players. A mathematical framework for representing the evolutionary prisoner's dilemma (ESPD) is developed in this thesis. The mathematical framework is used to undertake an analytical approach (i.e. avoiding the use of simulation) towards investigating the dynamics of the ESPD with a path, cycle, plane grid or toroidal grid as underlying graph. The objective of this investigation is to determine the likelihood of the emergence of persistent cooperation between players. The ESPD on a path or a cycle admits two fundamentally di erent parameter regions; large values of the temptation-to-defect parameter are not capable of inducing persistent cooperation, while small values of this parameter allow for the possibility of persistent cooperation. It is found that the likelihood of cooperation increases towards certainty as the order of the underlying graph increases if the underlying graph is a path or cycle. The state space of the ESPD with a plane or toroidal grid graph as underlying graph grows very quickly as a function of the graph order. The automorphism classes of game states are enumerated to determine exactly how fast the size of the state space of the game grows as a function of the order of the underlying graph. Finally, the dynamics of the ESPD is investigated for a grid graph as underlying graph (in cases where the state space is small enough) by means of constructing the corresponding state graphs of the ESPD. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar is baie voorbeelde van samewerking in the gemeenskap en in die natuur. In sommige gevalle lei samewerking tot 'n toename in die algehele welvaart van die betrokkenes, terwyl samewerking in ander gevalle tot nadeel van die bre er gemeenskap mag wees. Die voorkoms van samewerking blyk natuurlik te wees indien daar 'n direkte voordeel vir die individue is wat kies om saam te werk. In voorbeelde van samewerking is s o 'n voordeel egter nie altyd voor-diehand- liggend nie. Die sogenaamde prisoniersdilemma word dikwels as voorbeeld in die studie van samewerking gebruik om die faktore wat na samewerking lei, te ontbloot. In klassieke speleteorie word daar aangeneem dat elke speler rasioneel is en dus poog om sy spelstrategie op s o 'n manier te kies dat sy eie verwagte uitbetaling gemaksimeer word. In die geval van die klassieke prisoniersdilemma veroorsaak dit dat beide spelers mekaar verraai. In evolusion^ere speleteorie, daarenteen, word daar slegs aangeneem dat elke speler oor beperkte kennis van die spel en begrensde rasionaliteit beskik. Spele in evolusion^ere speleteorie word in rondtes herhaal en spelers word die geleentheid gebied om gedurende hierdie herhalingsproses aan te pas en te leer. Vorige studies het getoon dat samewerking 'n lewensvatbare strategie is indien die prisoniersdilemma in 'n evolusion^ere konteks gespeel word, waar die evolusion^ere ksheid van 'n strategie direk afhang van die uitbetaling van 'n speler wat die strategie volg. Een van die meganismes wat volhoubare samewerking in die evolusion^ere prisoniersdilemma voortbring, is gestruktureerde interaksie tussen spelers. 'n Wiskundige raamwerk word vir die voorstelling van die evolusion^ere prisoniersdilemma in hierdie tesis ontwikkel. Hierdie wiskundige raamwerk word gebruik om 'n analitiese studie (met ander woorde sonder die gebruik van simulasie) van die dinamika van die prisoniersdilemma op 'n pad, siklus, rooster in die vlak, of rooster op die torus as onderliggende gra ek van stapel te stuur. Die doel van hierdie studie is om die waarskynlikheid vir die ontstaan van volhoubare samewerking tussen spelers te bepaal. Die prisoniersdilemma op 'n pad of siklus as onderliggende gra ek het twee fundamenteel verskillende parametergebiede tot gevolg; groot waardes van die versoeking-om-te-verraai parameter lei nie tot volhoubare samewerking nie, terwyl volhoubare samewerking wel vir klein waardes van hierdie parameter moontlik is. Daar word gevind dat die kans vir volhoubare samewerking toeneem tot sekerheid namate die orde van die onderliggende gra ek groei. Die toestandsruimte van die prisoniersdilemma met 'n rooster in die vlak of 'n rooster op die torus as onderliggende gra ek groei baie vinnig as 'n funksie van die orde van die gra ek. Die outomor smeklasse van die speltoestande word getel met die doel om te bepaal presies hoe vinnig die toestandsruimte van die spel as 'n funksie van die orde van die onderliggende gra ek groei. Die dinamika van die prisoniersdilemma met 'n rooster in die vlak of 'n rooster op die torus as onderliggende gra ek word laastens deur middel van konstruksies van die ooreenstemmende toestandsgra eke ondersoek (in gevalle waar die toestandsruimte klein genoeg is).

This master thesis focuses on the topical theme which is currently gaining momentum, i.e. continuity or connection of the educational process in kindergartens and primary schools. The purpose of this work is to highlight the necessity of cooperation among kindergartens and primary schools in the following educational process, outline the possibilities, limits and pitfalls of this collaboration together with the role of school management. The aim of the master thesis is to determine on the basis of expert sources and empirical investigation how and whether currently proceeds such a cooperation within the continuity of education in kindergartens and primary schools. This work also proposes on the basis of the findings of facts measures and other procedures that could contribute to the positive development of cooperation among kindergartens and primary schools following training.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T22:02:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 20 / Nenhuma / Este trabalho constitui um estudo de caso sobre a proposta de Educação Cooperativa Solidária desenvolvida pelo SESCOOP/RS e seus efeitos junto a um empreendimento cooperativo, no caso a UNIMED/RS. A análise desenvolve-se a partir dos cursos de formação do SESCOOP/RS, junto à referida cooperativa. Além disso, visa identificar, com base em elementos teóricos e empíricos, até que ponto a proposta de ação metodológica do SESCOOP em cursos de formação em cooperativismo, potencializa, entre os associados que passaram pelo curso, uma identificação com a proposta da cooperativa, no que se refere às suas práticas e valores; ou, se ao contrário, esta ação limita-se a uma efetividade econômica da cooperativa. Para tanto, são analisados os sentidos de legitimação da entidade SESCOOP a fim de identificar a relação entre a proposta prevista em contrapartida aos resultados obtidos. Os resultados apontam para um distanciamento entre a proposta de legitimação da entidade e o resultado de sua ação junto ao grupo estudado. / This work is based on a case study about the proposal of Solidary Cooperative Education developed by SESCOOP/RS and the effects of its application on a cooperative company, the UNIMED/RS. The analysis has as source the graduation courses that SESCOOP/RS has provided to the referred cooperative company. Its aim is to identify, with basis in theoretical and empirical elements, how much the SESCOOP method of cooperativeness education empowers the graduates for a better approach to the cooperative proposal, its practices and values, or if this action is restricted to an economic effectiveness of the cooperative company. With this objective I have conducted interviews in order to analyze the sense of legitimacy of the entity and its connection to the education proposal. The analysis has shown a far distance between the proposal of legitimacy and the results of its application among the group under study.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:15:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rubens Francisco Ricco.pdf: 4080451 bytes, checksum: d2c0005b766bda9a52e9cc82fbc0c1ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work attempts to the problem of solid domestic urban waste (RSDU) in the city of Ribeirão Preto - SP, Brazil, and to the process of the ongoing implementation of the National Policy on Solid Waste (PNRS). Analyzes the development of international and national guidelines and laws relevant to the subject, and the formulation of the sectorial plan for urban sanitation and solid waste management of this city, its general issues and, especially, all your management system, handling and disposal the prediction of a Public Private Partnership (PPP). It also examined the problem of the current predominant form of management and planning in government and the PPP, also the current stage of capitalism that prioritizes private sectors participation in public affairs and the increasing production and consumption of goods. Another important point relates to the question of recycling and the collectors cooperatives of these materials, an important point of PNRS. The survey was developed through technical visits in all localities of the management and disposal of RSDU and cooperative of recyclable materials, interviews with agents of government, responsible for waste management, and agents of civil society who promoted, and are monitoring the process, ongoing approval of the sectorial plan for urban sanitation and solid waste management, as well as attempt of municipal government approving the PPP of waste. In this process occurred broad participation of civil society that could change and add several points in sectorial plan and suspended the PPP because of some irregularities founded. There are historical environmental liabilities arising from improper disposal of RSDU; agglutination of urban sanitation and solid waste management in a few companies, attempted adoption of a PPP services that would concentrate all these services in one company; and a selective collection of recyclable materials that has been poor and insignificant, and such service along with the inclusion of waste pickers and the cooperative are not clearly included in the sector plan, like the PNRS requires / O presente trabalho atenta para a problemática dos resíduos sólidos domésticos urbanos (RSDU) no município de Ribeirão Preto - SP, bem como para o processo, em curso, da aplicação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS). Analisa o processo de desenvolvimento internacional e nacional das diretrizes e legislações pertinentes ao assunto, até a formulação do plano setorial de limpeza urbana e manejo de resíduos sólidos do município estudado, suas características gerais e, principalmente, todo seu sistema de gestão, manejo e destinação final existente e a previsão de uma Parceria Público Privada (PPP). É analisada, também, a questão da atual forma de gestão e planejamento predominante no poder público e as PPP, bem como o atual estágio do capitalismo que prioriza a participação da iniciativa privada nas questões públicas e a crescente produção e consumo de mercadorias. Outro ponto relevante abordado refere-se à questão da reciclagem e do cooperativismo de catadores desses materiais, ponto de destaque da PNRS. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se mediante visitas técnicas em todas as localidades do manejo e destinação final dos RSDU e na cooperativa de materiais recicláveis existente, foram promovidas entrevistas com representantes do poder público, responsáveis pela gestão dos resíduos e representantes da sociedade civil, além do acompanhamento do processo, em curso, de aprovação do plano setorial de limpeza urbana e manejo de resíduos sólidos, assim como a tentativa do poder público municipal da aprovação de uma PPP para sua execução. Nesse processo ocorreu ampla participação da sociedade civil que conseguiu alterar e acrescentar diversos pontos no plano setorial e suspender a PPP devido a irregularidades constatadas. Verificou-se históricos passivos ambientais decorrentes da inadequada destinação dos RSDU, aglutinação dos serviços de limpeza urbana e manejo de resíduos sólidos em poucas empresas, tentativa de aprovação de uma PPP que iria concentrar todos esses serviços em uma única empresa e uma coleta seletiva de materiais recicláveis deficiente e irrisória, sendo que tal serviço juntamente com a inserção dos catadores e da cooperativa não estão claramente contemplados no plano setorial, como obriga a PNRS

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is defined as employee behavior that benefits others yet is not required by the employee’s job description. OCB can be divided into two categories: behavior that is either directed toward individuals (OCBI) or behavior that is directed toward the organization (OCBO). Researchers have posited that there are three different motives behind OCB: impression management, prosocial values, and organizational concern. Additionally, researchers have recognized the importance of coworker relationships within organizations and have suggested that the degree to which one likes his or her coworkers may serve as an additional source of motivation to engage in different types of OCB. This research consisted of two studies investigating the effect of motive and coworker liking on intention to engage in OCBO and OCBI. Participants in both studies read a vignette manipulating motive and degree of coworker liking. The second study incorporated two additional items in the manipulation check to increase the saliency of the coworker liking manipulation. In both Study 1 and Study 2 participants were more likely to engage in OCBO than in OCBI. Both studies failed to support the hypotheses that either motive or degree of liking would predict the type of OCB performed.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal Fluminense. Departamento de Ciência da Informação, 2012. / Bibliografia: f. 125-138.

Collaboration appears to be a magical solution for many problems when there is scarcity of resources, lack of knowledge or skills, and/or environmental threats. However, there is little knowledge about the nature of collaboration. A holistic conceptual framework was developed for the collaborative process, and the conceptualization process used systems thinking approach. The author has selectively chosen conceptualizations and/or research by a limited subset of scholars whose ideas appeared to be the most relevant and useful to explore the type of collaboration studied here. In other words, the selection of the literature was based on an eclectic selection. Multiple cases were used in this research to understand the factors that are components of collaborative effort among non-profit organizations and the relationships among those factors. This study also investigated the stages of collaborative process. Data were collected from 54 participants who were partners in collaborate projects funded by the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS). Among these 54 participants, 50 answered the online questionnaire and 38 received the telephone interviews. The data collected was analyzed using cluster analysis, multidimensional scaling, internal consistency reliability, and descriptive statistics. The component factors of collaboration were grouped by the following seven concepts: trustworthiness, competence, dependency, misunderstanding and/or conflict, complexity, commitment and mechanism of coordination. This study showed twelve relationships among these factors. For instance, different points of view and partners' capacity to maintain inter-organizational relationships were found to be opposite concepts. In addition, the findings in this study indicate that 84% of participants reported the presence of the five pre-defined stages: execution, networking, definition, relationship, and common evaluation.

No presente trabalho, propõe-se um modelo para mensurar a eficiência das empresas que participam das Redes de Cooperação Horizontal (RCH), utilizando a técnica DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) e admitindo retornos variáveis de escala para cálculo do índice de Malmquist. A investigação da literatura apontou falta de estudos quantitativos que comprovem as vantagens competitivas das empresas que cooperam em rede. Esta falta moveu o desenvolvimento do método que foi aplicado em empresas de uma RCH hoteleira situada na Ilha do Mel, sul do Brasil. Dados de inputs e outputs referentes a um período de cinco anos (2011 a 2015) foram coletados de quinze empresas, sendo cinco participantes e dez não participantes da rede. A análise dos resultados demonstrou que, após a fundação da rede, algumas empresas participantes levaram um ano para se tornaram referências (benchmarks). Apesar de o estudo apontar a queda de produtividade para todas as unidades de tomada de decisão (DMU), a decomposição do índice de Malmquist revelou ganhos de eficiência nas empresas participantes da rede, confirmando estatisticamente a hipótese levantada. Além de contribuir para a construção do modelo de quantificação, este estudo pode ser utilizado como método de comparação, auxiliando a governança a identificar DMU com dificuldades e elaborar práticas para melhor manutenção da rede. / In the present study, a model is proposed to measure the efficiency of the companies that participate in the Horizontal Cooperation Networks (RCH), using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique and admitting variable returns of scale to calculate the Malmquist index. A literature search pointed to the lack of quantitative studies that prove the competitive advantages of the companies that cooperate in the network. This motivated the development of the method that was applied in a RCH hotel located in Ilha do Mel, southern Brazil. Data on inputs and outputs were collected over a period of five years (2011 to 2015), in fifteen companies, with five participants and ten non-participants in the network. The analysis of the results showed that after the founding of the network, some participating companies took a year to become reference benchmarks. Although the study indicates a decrease in productivity for all decision-making units (DMU), the decomposition of the Malmquist index revealed efficiency gains in the companies participating in the network, confirming statistically the hypothesis raised. In addition to contributing to the construction of the quantification model, this study can be used as a comparison method, helping the governance to identify DMU with difficulties and to elaborate practices for better maintenance of the network.